Digital Commons Network^™

Enhancement Of Calcium-Dependent Afterpotentials In Oxytocin Neurons Of The Rat Supraoptic Nucleus During Lactation, Ryoichi Teruyama, William E. Armstrong

Faculty Publications

The firing pattern of oxytocin (OT) hormone synthesizing neurons changes dramatically immediately before each milk ejection, when a brief burst of action potentials is discharged. OT neurons possess intrinsic currents that would modulate this burst. Our previous studies showed the amplitude of the Ca2+-dependent afterhyperpolarization (AHP) following spike trains is significantly larger during lactation. In the present study we sought to determine which component of the AHP is enhanced, and whether the enhancement could be related to changes in whole-cell Ca2+ current or the Ca2+ transient in identified OT or vasopressin (VP) neurons during lactation. We confirmed, with whole-cell current-clamp …

V-Atpase Expression During Development Of Artemia Franciscana Embryos: Potential Role For Proton Gradients In Anoxia Signaling, Joseph A. Covi, Steven C. Hand

Faculty Publications

Under anoxia, Artemia franciscana embryos downregulate metabolic processes and approach an ametabolic state. Entrance into this quiescent state is accompanied by a profound acidification of the intracellular space, and more than two decades of research now clearly demonstrates that this acidification is critical to metabolic downregulation in anoxic embryos. However, the proximal mechanisms responsible for the pH shift remain largely unidentified. Here, we report evidence demonstrating expression of the V-ATPase in encysted embryos and present an argument for its involvement in the intracellular acidification induced by anoxia. We identified a single B-subunit cDNA sharing the greatest degree of sequence similarity …

V-Atpase Inhibition Prevents Recovery From Anoxia In Artemia Franciscana Embryos: Quiescence Signaling Through Dissipation Of Proton Gradients, Joseph A. Covi, W. Dale Treleaven, Steven C. Hand

Faculty Publications

The metabolic downregulation critical for long-term survival of Artemia franciscana embryos under anoxia is mediated, in part, by a progressive intracellular acidification. However, very little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the pH transitions associated with exposure to, and recovery from, oxygen deprivation. In the present study, we demonstrate with 31P-NMR that incubation of intact embryos with the V-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1 severely limits intracellular alkalinization during recovery from anoxia without affecting the restoration of cellular nucleotide triphosphate levels. Based on these data, it appears that oxidative phosphorylation and ATP resynthesis can only account for the first 0.3 pH …

The Regulation Of Fatty Acid Synthase By Stat5a, Jessica C. Hogan, Jacqueline M. Stephens

Faculty Publications

Growth hormone (GH) diminishes adipose tissue mass in vivo and decreases expression and activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in adipocytes. GH and prolactin (PRL) are potent activators of STAT5 and exert adipogenic and antiadipogenic effects in adipocytes. In this study, we demonstrate that GH and PRL decrease the mRNA and protein levels of FAS in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We present evidence that indicates that FAS is repressed at the level of transcription. In addition, PRL responsiveness was shown to exist between -1,594 and -700 of the rat FAS promoter. Moreover, responsiveness to PRL was abolished with mutation of a site …

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Of Cancer: Current Status And Future Prospects, Rolf F. Barth, Jeffrey A. Coderre, M. Graça H. Vicente, Thomas E. Blue

Faculty Publications

Background: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is based on the nuclear reaction that occurs when boron-10 is irradiated with low-energy thermal neutrons to yield high linear energy transfer α particles and recoiling lithium-7 nuclei. Clinical interest in BNCT has focused primarily on the treatment of high-grade gliomas and either cutaneous primaries or cerebral metastases of melanoma, most recently, head and neck and liver cancer. Neutron sources for BNCT currently are limited to nuclear reactors and these are available in the United States, Japan, several European countries, and Argentina. Accelerators also can be used to produce epithermal neutrons and these are …

Subzero Water Permeability Parameters And Optimal Freezing Rates For Sperm Cells Of The Southern Platyfish, Xiphophorus Maculatus, D. Pinisetty, C. Huang, Q. Dong, T. R. Tiersch, R. V. Devireddy

Faculty Publications

This study reports the subzero water transport characteristics (and empirically determined optimal rates for freezing) of sperm cells of live-bearing fishes of the genus Xiphophorus, specifically those of the southern platyfish Xiphophorus maculatus. These fishes are valuable models for biomedical research and are commercially raised as ornamental fish for use in aquariums. Water transport during freezing of X. maculatus sperm cell suspensions was obtained using a shape-independent differential scanning calorimeter technique in the presence of extracellular ice at a cooling rate of 20°C/min in three different media: (1) Hanks' balanced salt solution (HBSS) without cryoprotective agents (CPAs); (2) HBSS with …

Nrg1, A Cc-Nb-Lrr Protein, Together With N, A Tir-Nb-Lrr Protein, Mediates Resistance Against Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Jack R. Peart, Pere Mestre, Rui Lu, Isabelle Malcuit, David C. Baulcombe

Faculty Publications

In animals and plants, innate immunity is regulated by nucleotide binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) proteins that mediate pathogen recognition and that activate host-cell defense responses [1, 2]. Plant NB-LRR proteins, referred to as R proteins, have amino-terminal domains that contain a coiled coil (CC) or that share similarity with animal Toll and interleukin 1 receptors (TIR) [3]. To investigate R protein function, we are using the TIR-NB-LRR protein N that mediates resistance against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) [4] through recognition of the TMV p50 protein. Here, we describe N requirement gene 1 (NRG1), a novel N-resistance component that …

Phytochrome Evolution In Green And Nongreen Plants, Sarah Mathews

Faculty Publications

Photoreceptors are critical molecules that function at the interface between organism and environment. Plants use specific light signals to determine their place in time and space, allowing them to synchronize their growth, metabolism, and development to the environments in which they occur. Thus, innovation in light sensing mechanisms is expected to coincide with adaptation and diversification. Three studies involving the well-characterized phytochrome photoreceptor system in plants indicate that much work is yet needed to test this expectation. In early diverging dowering plants, episodic positive selection influenced the evolution of phytochrome A, but little of the functional data needed to link …

Mendelian Microsatellite Loci For The Caribbean Coral Acropora Palmata, Iliana B. Baums, Colin R. Hughes, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

The genus Acropora constitutes the most species-rich clade of hermatypic corals, and its members are important reef builders throughout their broad tropical range. In the Caribbean, acroporid populations have declined over the last 2 decades due to disease, hurricanes, predation, and bleaching episodes, and some are now subjects of conservation efforts. Genetic estimates of population connectivity and clonal structure should be part of these efforts, but such studies have been hampered by low levels of mitochondrial DNA variation in corals, and an apparent dearth of variable single-copy nuclear markers. Developing microsatellite markers in Acropora has proven especially difficult. We used …

Informe Técnico De Los Trabajos De Campo Del Proyecto Arqueológico Huambacho-Temporada 2004, David Chicoine, Jeisen Navarro

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay For Detection Of Brucella Melitensis-Specific Antibodies In Goat Milk, N. D. Funk, L. B. Tabatabai, P. H. Elzer, S. D. Hagius, B. M. Martin, L. J. Hoffman

Faculty Publications

Brucella melitensis is the cause of brucellosis in sheep and goats, which often results in abortion. Few cases of B. melitensis infection in goats have occurred in the United States over the last 25 years. However, vigilance must be maintained, as it is for the bovine milk industry, to ensure that brucellosis is not introduced into the U.S. goat population. The objective of this study was to develop a sensitive and specific indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) for the detection of B. melitensis-specific antibodies in goat milk. Brucella salt-extractable protein extract was employed as an antigen, and a horseradish peroxidase-labeled …

Standardization Of Photometric Measurement Of Sperm Concentration From Diploid And Tetraploid Pacific Oysters, Crassostrea Gigas (Thunberg), Qiaoxiang Dong, Benoit Eudeline, Changjiang Huang, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

To provide necessary standardization of procedures for cryopreservation of sperm, a spectrophotomeric method was developed to determine the sperm concentration of diploid and tetraploid Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas. Wavelengths of 380, 550, 581 and 780 nm were compared, and 550 and 581 nm were found to be the most sensitive and reliable. A linear relationship between sperm concentration and photometric absorbance was observed for sperm concentrations between 2 × 107 and 2 × 109 cells mL -1. The regression equation for the standard curve at 550 nm for sperm of diploid oysters was Y = - 8.528+1.165 log X. The …

Ernst Mayr And The Complexity Of Life, Dominique G. Homberger

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Recentism In Environmental History On Latin America, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Is Geography Destiny?: Lessons From Latin America. And Troubled Harvest: Agronomy And Revolution In Mexico, 1880–2002, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Testing Conjectures About Morphological Diversity In Cichlids Of Lakes Malawi And Tanganyika, Prosanta Chakrabarty

Faculty Publications

The morphological diversity of Malawi and Tanganyika cichlids has often been qualitatively described, but rarely have hypotheses based on these descriptions been tested empirically. Using landmark based geometric morphometrics, shapes are analyzed independent of other aspects of the body form (e.g., size). The estimation of shape disparity, the quantitative measure of the variance of these raw shapes, can then be applied in order to objectively test hypotheses about morphological diversity. The shape disparity within and between different groups is explored as well as how it is partitioned within the cichlid body. Tanganyika cichlids are found to have significantly greater shape …

Increased Rates Of Molecular Evolution In An Equatorial Plant Clade: An Effect Of Environment Or Phylogenetic Nonindependence?, Jeremy M. Brown, Gregory B. Pauly

Faculty Publications

A recent study of environmental effects on rates of molecular evolution in the plant subgenus Mearnsia shows that species occurring in more equatorial latitudes have higher rates of substitution in rDNA sequences as compared to their more southerly congeners (Wright et al. 2003). However, we believe that the statistical approach employed by Wright et al. (2003) insufficiently accounts for the phylogenetic nonindependence of the species examined, given that all six equatorial species of Mearnsia form a clade. To distinguish between the effect of latitude and that of phylogenetic nonindependence, we have employed a variety of comparative approaches that use independent …

Future Of Avian Genetic Resources Collections: Archives Of Evolutionary And Environmental History, Scott V. Edwards, Sharon Birks, Robb T. Brumfield, Robert Hanner

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Louisiana Agriculture Winter, 2005, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

2005 Louisiana Summary: Agriculture And Natural Resources, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Summary: Agriculture and Natural Resources

This book tabulates the value of Louisiana agriculture in 2005. Agents and specialists of the Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service, as well as other agencies – both private and public – compiled the statistics. Their analysis focuses on the animal, forestry, fisheries, plant and wildlife commodities that comprise our vital agricultural industry. The agricultural industry continues to contribute significantly to the state’s economy with the potential for increased benefits through value-added processing.

In 2005, Louisiana farmers, foresters, fishermen and ranchers faced unprecedented challenges associated with hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Although the devastation and destruction caused by the two storms definitely have …

Marine Radiations At Small Geographic Scales: Speciation In Neotropical Reef Gobies (Elacatinus), Michael S. Taylor, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

Studies of speciation in the marine environment have historically compared broad-scale distributions and estimated larval dispersal potential to infer the geographic barriers responsible for allopatric speciation. However, many marine clades show high species diversity in geographically restricted areas where barriers are not obvious and estimated dispersal potential should bring many sister taxa into contact. Genetic differentiation at small (separation <1000 >km) spatial scales could facilitate speciation by mechanisms other than the gradual accumulation of reproductive isolation during extended allopatry, such as ecological adaptation to local environmental conditions or the rapid evolution of genes tied to mate recognition, but the role of …

Components, Volume 1 (2005), Lsu Center For Computation & Technology

Components

No abstract provided.

School Of Renewable Natural Resources Newsletter, Fall 2005, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

Research Matters & RNR Newsletters

The annual newsletter from the School of Renewable Natural Resources was a publication which aimed to update and entertain interested readers with the news and research from RNR faculty, students and staff.

Some Aspects Of Jonathan Swift's Perspective On Language, W. K. Percival

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

The French Abolitionist Treatise In The Late Enlightenment Examples Of A Hybrid Genre, David Williams

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

Special Feature Introduction "Ideas And Institutions In An Age Of Atlantic Revolution", Henry C. Clark

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

Anne Bracegirlde's Breaches, Diana Solomon

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

Between Trust And Distrust The Federalist And The Emergence Of Modern Republican Constitutionalism, Paul A. Rahe

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

Bridging The Gap Religious Community And Declension In Eighteenth-Century Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Katherine C. Engel

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.

Editor's Choice Books Of High Merit

1650-1850: Ideas, Aesthetics, and Inquiries in the Early Modern Era

No abstract provided.