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Lived Experiences Of Ukrainian Nursing Students In The Us: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study, Katherine Ferrell Apr 2025

Lived Experiences Of Ukrainian Nursing Students In The Us: A Transcendental Phenomenological Study, Katherine Ferrell

Liberty University Research Week

The Russian-Ukraine war has forced people to take asylum in other countries. During this time over 20 young people from Ukraine were recruited by a faith-based university to study nursing in the US. International students studying in Higher Education Institutes in the US can have many challenges such as cultural and language adaptation, financial struggles, loneliness, and more. A gap exists in the knowledge of the lived experiences of Ukrainian nursing students in the US. A transcendental phenomenological study was performed to explore the lived experiences of Ukrainian pre-licensure nursing students at a mid-western nursing program. Albert Bandura’s Social Learning …


Nurse Preceptors’ Perceptions Of Their Effectiveness When Precepting Students: A Transcendental Research Proposal, Kelly Arraf Apr 2025

Nurse Preceptors’ Perceptions Of Their Effectiveness When Precepting Students: A Transcendental Research Proposal, Kelly Arraf

Liberty University Research Week

Nursing students in their last two years of baccalaureate nursing school spend over fifty percent of their learning at clinical sites under the guidance and supervision of a nurse preceptor. The effectiveness of nurse preceptors in mentoring students affects students' well-being, intent to stay in the profession, ability to pass the NCLEX exam, and mental health. The perceptions of preceptors on their effectiveness are unknown. Preceptors are often chosen for their skilled abilities at the bedside, but they often lack the support and training to become skilled nurse teachers. Institutional factors from the hospital or the school of nursing often …


Effects Of Gratitude On The Well-Being Of Individuals On The Autism Spectrum, Megan Phillips, Charlotte Drinkall, Ella Banks, Robert Meisner Apr 2025

Effects Of Gratitude On The Well-Being Of Individuals On The Autism Spectrum, Megan Phillips, Charlotte Drinkall, Ella Banks, Robert Meisner

Liberty University Research Week

Gratitude interventions have shown increased satisfaction with life in research conducted on neurotypical individuals, positively impacting individuals physically, mentally, and socially. However, research on gratitude and neurodivergent individuals, such as those on the Autism spectrum, is limited, so the impact of gratitude for those on the spectrum has not been determined. This study will examine the impact of gratitude on the levels of anxiety, depression, and overall life satisfaction experienced by eight college-age individuals who self-identify as being on the Autism spectrum. Participants will engage in a two-week intervention, where they will respond to gratitude prompts daily sent through text …


Exploring The Essence Of Teacher Retention In A Christian School: A Multiple Case Study, Philip Regualos Apr 2025

Exploring The Essence Of Teacher Retention In A Christian School: A Multiple Case Study, Philip Regualos

Liberty University Research Week

The purpose of this exploratory multiple case study was to understand the factors that contributed to teacher retention at two pre-K-12 Christian school associations of three schools, the Midwest Evangelical Christian School Association (MECSA) and the Rural Area Christian School Association (RACSA). In the research, teacher retention was generally defined as a teacher who is currently employed and intends to return next academic year as a teacher at this association. The theory guiding this study was Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The central research question guiding the study is: How do teachers describe the factors that motivate them to return to …


Legal And Ethical Challenges In Home Healthcare Administration, Chidubem Xerona Nnajiofor, Isheka Francis Apr 2025

Legal And Ethical Challenges In Home Healthcare Administration, Chidubem Xerona Nnajiofor, Isheka Francis

Liberty University Research Week

Health administrators in home healthcare face numerous legal and ethical issues that need careful management. The home healthcare industry delivers essential patient care services in residential settings while health administrators confront critical legal and ethical challenges. This research proposal seeks to explore the legal and ethical issues facing health administrators in the home healthcare industry, focusing on five primary areas: Health administrators in home healthcare must address legal and ethical challenges including eligibility criteria compliance, elder abuse and neglect cases, labor law adherence and worker rights protection as well as ethical patient care decisions along with healthcare worker overwork and …


A Quantitative Study Teaching De-Escalation With Virtual Reality Simulation To Associate Nursing Students Measuring Effectiveness, Learning, And Confidence, Michele Marbet Apr 2025

A Quantitative Study Teaching De-Escalation With Virtual Reality Simulation To Associate Nursing Students Measuring Effectiveness, Learning, And Confidence, Michele Marbet

Liberty University Research Week

Workplace violence against nurses is a critical global public health issue, with one in four nurses reportedly experiencing physical assault by patients. This quantitative quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest study aimed to assess the effectiveness of virtual reality simulation as a teaching strategy for de-escalation education in associate nursing students (N = 29) perception in learning and confidence. The study utilized the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified (SET-M) instrument to measure outcomes guided by Kolb's experiential learning theory and the NLN Jeffries simulation theory. The learning variable demonstrated significant improvement as confirmed by paired t-test analysis (p < .01). For the effectiveness and confidence variables, which violated assumptions of normality, a comprehensive statistical approach was implemented. Analysis included parametric testing via paired t-tests, supplemented by nonparametric methods (Wilcoxon Signed-ranks test and Sign test) to ensure statistical rigor. The cumulative results across all three statistical tests consistently demonstrated significant improvements (p < .001). Effect size calculations revealed medium to large significance for all variables measured by Cohen’s d. The conclusive findings of this research to reject all three null hypotheses suggest that virtual reality simulation is an effective teaching strategy for developing de-escalation skills, enhancing both learning and confidence among associate nursing students. Future studies are needed to further validate and expand upon the findings of the current research, potentially leading to more widespread adoption of virtual reality simulation in nursing education for teaching de-escalation. Keywords: Nursing education associate degree, de-escalation, virtual reality simulation, work-place violence


Improving The Work-Life Balance Of The High School Marching Band Director: A Case Study, William Holmes Apr 2025

Improving The Work-Life Balance Of The High School Marching Band Director: A Case Study, William Holmes

Liberty University Research Week

Although many studies have been conducted on high school marching bands, research has yet to be completed on the impact of the number of after-school marching band rehearsals. High school band directors frequently rehearse after school to raise student proficiency and perform at a high level for football games, community events, and marching band competitions. Directors who demonstrate high rehearsal efficacy can reduce the number of marching band practices to avoid negatively impacting the lives of the adults and students involved while maintaining student achievement. This qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological case study investigated the effects of reducing the frequency of secondary …


The Use Of Virtual Reality In Clinical Education To Improve Competency: A Literature Review, Stephanie Zoller Apr 2025

The Use Of Virtual Reality In Clinical Education To Improve Competency: A Literature Review, Stephanie Zoller

Liberty University Research Week

Background: Clinical simulations play a crucial role in nursing education, allowing for the development of important skills in a secure setting. With the use of virtual or augmented reality technology, students can perform tasks and be immersed in real-life scenarios. This gives students a chance to better develop skills, including communication and compassion along with hands-on skills. Despite the advancements, virtual reality remains significantly underused in nursing education. This technology has the potential to enhance nursing interventions within a controlled setting, ensuring the safety of both patients and students. Purpose: To examine the viability of using virtual reality curriculum to …


The Psychology Of Serial Killers: Understanding Criminal Motivations, Raven Rhodes Apr 2025

The Psychology Of Serial Killers: Understanding Criminal Motivations, Raven Rhodes

Liberty University Research Week

Criminal psychology seeks to understand the motivations, behaviors, and psychological patterns of serial killers. Research suggests that early childhood trauma, combined with factors like thrill-seeking, anger, control, and a lack of remorse, can drive individuals to commit serial murders. This study explores how emotions such as pleasure and aggression influence criminal behavior. It will also seek to investigate psychological, social, and environmental influences to see what serial killers like Theodore Bundy, Jeffery Dahmer, and John Wayne Gacy, motivations were between those factors to commit heinous crimes. We look at their criminal psychology through a biblical framework centered around a Christian …


Cognitive Behavioral Couples ​Counseling As An Intervention To Improve Marital Satisfaction​ Among Post-Deployment Military Couples, Sharon Kozak Apr 2025

Cognitive Behavioral Couples ​Counseling As An Intervention To Improve Marital Satisfaction​ Among Post-Deployment Military Couples, Sharon Kozak

Liberty University Research Week

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder is considered the primary reason for post-deployment divorces in the United States military (Lares & Lehenbauer, 2019). This study aims to assess cognitive behavioral couples therapy use to improve marital satisfaction among post-deployment military couples. To accomplish this, active-duty military couples will be given the couples satisfaction index, enrolled in either cognitive behavioral couples therapy or solution-focused brief couples' therapy for 12 weeks, and then given the assessment again to analyze the means of each group.


Bridging The Emotional Gaps: Understanding And Supporting Doctoral Students In ​ Counselor Education, Janita Daggy, Deepa Michelle Emmanuel, Kelly Woodburn, Tiffany Spatz Apr 2025

Bridging The Emotional Gaps: Understanding And Supporting Doctoral Students In ​ Counselor Education, Janita Daggy, Deepa Michelle Emmanuel, Kelly Woodburn, Tiffany Spatz

Liberty University Research Week

Doctoral counselor education programs are rigorous as they involve intense academic, research, and clinical components. Consequent to these demands and personal pressures of their roles, if adequate support is not available students can face significant emotional challenges, including stress, anxiety, isolation, imposter syndrome, burnout, and compassion fatigue. Understanding these emotional struggles is essential for developing institutional, interpersonal, and personal support strategies that enhance students’ academic success, mental well-being, and professional development. Furthermore, if emotional maturity is underdeveloped, students may demonstrate heightened levels of stress because of the lack of a secure foundational attachment style. However, a secure attachment figure in …


Second Language Acquisition Of Traumatized Students, Candice Spaulding Apr 2025

Second Language Acquisition Of Traumatized Students, Candice Spaulding

Liberty University Research Week

Two recent developments indicate that a new horizon in English as a Second Language (ESL) classes and ministries has dawned. One is the increasing cultural awareness and acceptance of how PTSD and c-PTSD affect areas of the brain involved in second language acquisition (SLA). The other is the rapid influx of over half a million non-English speaking refugees from traumatic situations within the last three years. Through a convergence of SLA research in Liberty University’s Master of Teaching English as a Second Language program and the new research frontier of the lasting effects of trauma on the brain, it is …


Direct And Mediating Relationships Between Divine Grace, Legalism, And Mental Health, Branwyn H. Mccormick Apr 2025

Direct And Mediating Relationships Between Divine Grace, Legalism, And Mental Health, Branwyn H. Mccormick

Senior Honors Theses

Positive psychology has popularized the integration of religious ideas into psychological treatment. According to the literature, the experience of divine grace is correlated with favorable mental health outcomes, whereas legalistic attitudes are correlated with adverse mental health outcomes. It has also been found that the experience of divine grace is a mediator between legalism and mental health. However, the constructs of divine grace and legalism have both been relatively unexplored aside from a few studies using Latter-day Saints (LDS) populations. The current study seeks to analyze relationships between divine grace, legalism, and mental health using a conservative evangelical Christian population. …


The Fear Of Yahweh: Introducing Scripture’S Wisdom Literature For Biblical Counseling, Alexander Lee Apr 2025

The Fear Of Yahweh: Introducing Scripture’S Wisdom Literature For Biblical Counseling, Alexander Lee

Senior Honors Theses

Biblical wisdom literature is one of the most neglected areas of Scripture related to biblical counseling. Biblical counseling is formulated on the sufficiency of Scripture, so a deeper examination of any area of Scripture is sure to enlighten the biblical counselor. Wisdom in biblical counseling was introduced through an examination of the fear of Yahweh. A proper fear of Yahweh connects the counselee with the revelation of Jesus Christ in the New Testament, leading to a transformation of the client’s character toward a flourishing life. An existing case study was examined, highlighting how these findings can be implemented in the …


What Are The Games For?: The Hunger Games And Reality Tv, Audrey Perez Apr 2025

What Are The Games For?: The Hunger Games And Reality Tv, Audrey Perez

Senior Honors Theses

In Suzanne Collins’ series, The Hunger Games, a dystopian Capitol holds an annual televised gladiator-style competition in which child participants fight to the death. These Games function as a psychological tool of propaganda that influence both viewers and participants to sustain an oppressive government. Collins prominently explored the Games’ medium as a reality television show through the way it reinforces an ideology of oppression and control through visual messaging and emotional complicity to create division between classes of people. Real world reality TV also has ideological underpinnings that can negatively influence both viewers and participants through its depiction of a …


Exophonic Literature: Why And How Authors Write In A Second Language, Jonathan M. Bost Apr 2025

Exophonic Literature: Why And How Authors Write In A Second Language, Jonathan M. Bost

Senior Honors Theses

Milan Kundera, Julio Cortázar, Joseph Conrad, Rigoberta Menchú, and James Joyce are just some of the multitudinous authors who wrote in languages that are not their mother tongue. This phenomenon is called “exophony,” and it is more common than many would expect. There are various reasons why authors write exophonic literature: James Joyce wrote to a friend that he was at the end of English (1957), and Menchú’s editor Elizabeth Burgos-Debray claims Menchú wrote in Spanish to use the language of her oppressors against them. This thesis will investigate case studies of various exophonic authors, relate advice such authors have …


Autonomous Vehicles: Security And Privacy Concerns, Christopher Z. Shiu Apr 2025

Autonomous Vehicles: Security And Privacy Concerns, Christopher Z. Shiu

Senior Honors Theses

The rapid development of self-driving vehicles provides many benefits. Even then, there are various security and privacy concerns that must be addressed. Autonomous vehicles are dependent on advanced machine learning systems in order to communicate. However, concerns about cyber threats and the misuse of data are not studied adequately enough. With the integration of technical and human factors, these developments can address communication and regulatory compliance weaknesses to offer safer implementations to autonomous vehicles. It is only after understanding these challenges, can strategies be developed to counteract threats. As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, autonomous vehicles have the potential to …


A Rhetorical Analysis Of The Emasculation Of Men Through Televised Forums Of Entertainment, Skylar G. Sexton Apr 2025

A Rhetorical Analysis Of The Emasculation Of Men Through Televised Forums Of Entertainment, Skylar G. Sexton

Senior Honors Theses

What constitutes manliness stands on the brink of collapse. Society wages war on the idea of biological men and women. This simultaneously blurs the lines of the distinctive characteristics that define a man such as initiative, protective instincts, self-control, and leadership. Media forums act as a reflection as well as an influencing medium for a cultural body. Films have fundamentally changed their depiction of men in television since the 1960s and 1970s. Manliness is being redefined through films' depictions of a man, as well as by societal movements such as feminism. Men are being emasculated in society today, which is …


The Effectiveness And Implications Of Telehealth For Mental Health Treatment, Mia Crosby Apr 2025

The Effectiveness And Implications Of Telehealth For Mental Health Treatment, Mia Crosby

Senior Honors Theses

As technology has evolved, many mental health professionals have begun to adopt the option of a telehealth format for treatment delivery. Particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, the remote form of counseling emerged as an alternative to traditional in-person therapy. This thesis will examine existing studies to evaluate the effectiveness of telehealth counseling, potential implications to consider, and the limitations of this treatment modality. Five themes based on the current research will be discussed: (1) the acceptability and efficacy of telehealth services, (2) the transition and adoption of telehealth, (3) the equivalence of treatment modalities, (4) client and provider …


Mindful Parenting: The Impact On Parental Stress, Self-Efficacy, And Self-Compassion, Maureen Helm Apr 2025

Mindful Parenting: The Impact On Parental Stress, Self-Efficacy, And Self-Compassion, Maureen Helm

Senior Honors Theses

Parents face additional pressures as they deal with the challenge of their own lives as well as stressors associated with caring for their children. While some stress may serve as necessary motivation, too much stress can adversely impact one’s health, work and relationships. Research indicates that many parents have increased stress and emotional distress, as well as decreased self-efficacy and self-compassion which impacts their overall well-being and abilities as parents. With this in mind, it is essential to study healthy and effective coping strategies to combat these detrimental factors. One potential intervention that has been shown to impact parental stress …


Code Of Faith: Programming Spirituality In The Digital Age, Caleb Martin Apr 2025

Code Of Faith: Programming Spirituality In The Digital Age, Caleb Martin

Senior Honors Theses

With the increasing pervasiveness of technology in our daily lives, it is critical to consider the potential effects on an individual's religious practices and beliefs from software applications developed within a religious framework. This thesis delves into the relationship between software development and religious experiences, examining the manner in which the creation, operation, and application of religious technology can mold and impact an individual's spiritual development. This thesis aims to inform the implementation of technologies with a nonsecular application, ensuring that they are developed with a deep respect for the nuances of religious experience. The findings of this study will …


Is Speech Speech?: Analyzing The Speech As Conduct Exception After Nifla, Joshua N. Broome Apr 2025

Is Speech Speech?: Analyzing The Speech As Conduct Exception After Nifla, Joshua N. Broome

Senior Honors Theses

In National Institute of Family & Life Advocates v. Becerra, the Supreme Court held that there was no First Amendment exception for professional speech, but noted there remained an exception for speech incidental to professional conduct. The United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit and the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit are split on the nature of this exemption, namely, whether it includes legislation banning conversion therapy for minors when said therapy consists of only speech. This split highlights a deeper divide: whether speech, in and of itself, can be considered conduct and …


Understanding The Motivation And Avoidance Factors Influencing Young Adults’ Participation In Religious Dialogue, Maria Rojas Apr 2025

Understanding The Motivation And Avoidance Factors Influencing Young Adults’ Participation In Religious Dialogue, Maria Rojas

Senior Honors Theses

The following study aims to present an overview evaluation of the motivation or avoidance factors that young adults are influenced by when considering participation in religious dialogue.


Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis And Treatment Updates, Olubukola Ojuola Mar 2025

Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis And Treatment Updates, Olubukola Ojuola

Mental Health Summit

This session provides an overview of the latest updates in diagnosing and treating Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), emphasizing early detection and individualized interventions. Attendees will explore assessment tools, evidence-based treatments, and emerging research on genetics and neurobiology. The presentation also highlights the critical role of family support and community resources in improving outcomes for individuals with ASD.


The Efficacy Of Psychological Interventions On Treating Post-Concussion Syndrome: An Integrative Review, Esther Smith Mar 2025

The Efficacy Of Psychological Interventions On Treating Post-Concussion Syndrome: An Integrative Review, Esther Smith

Senior Honors Theses

Post-concussion syndrome, which occurs when concussion symptoms last longer than 3 months, is an area not well researched and often misunderstood. Post-concussion syndrome lingers without research based, effective treatment options for full patient recovery. This review was conducted to find the efficacy of psychological treatment options for patients with post-concussion syndrome. Eight databases, libraries, a registry, and some grey literature were searched within the past five years. The search process was documented with the PRISMA flow diagram. Through the inclusion criteria, eleven articles were selected as the primary sources. These studies found that the psychological interventions tested showed small improvements …


Achieving Positive Outcomes Using Rapport-Based Police Interviewing In Sex Offense Investigations, Mark A. Dainty Mar 2025

Achieving Positive Outcomes Using Rapport-Based Police Interviewing In Sex Offense Investigations, Mark A. Dainty

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Rapport is a critical component of interpersonal communication marked by verbal and non-verbal behaviors including attention, positivity, and coordination. The presence of these indicators during police interviews is positively correlated with information yield. This grounded theory study examined the relationship between rapport and information yield as measured by the quantity of details interviewees disclosed to investigators, particularly sensitive or incriminating details. The theory guiding this study was Cesare Beccaria’s classical criminology Rational Choice Theory, which suggests offenders are rational beings who conduct a cost-benefit analysis before engaging in crime. Investigators applying this theory and employing rapport-based interviewing skills will elicit …


Examining Self-Compassion And Self-Care Practices Among African American Mental Health Practitioners: An Ethical Imperative For Wellness And Self-Care, Shiela E. Lee Mar 2025

Examining Self-Compassion And Self-Care Practices Among African American Mental Health Practitioners: An Ethical Imperative For Wellness And Self-Care, Shiela E. Lee

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This phenomenological study explores the lived experiences of African American mental health clinicians, specifically focusing on self-compassion, as well as personal and professional self-care, emphasizing wellness and clinical competency. Despite the crucial role of self-care, limited research has explored the experiences of African American clinicians, who often confront stress, burnout, and systemic challenges, including racism. The study aims to address this gap by investigating self-care practices, defining, and implementing self-compassion, and tackling challenges such as compassion fatigue, burnout, stress, racism, and microaggressions. Guided by Gilbert's theoretical model of compassion, emphasizing the development of a compassionate self, the research seeks to …


Connections Between Co-Occurring Symptoms Of Eating Disorders, Gut Dysbiosis, Anxiety, And Depression, Erin L. Thomas Mar 2025

Connections Between Co-Occurring Symptoms Of Eating Disorders, Gut Dysbiosis, Anxiety, And Depression, Erin L. Thomas

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Eating disorders (ED) are a pervasive mental health condition that puts individuals at risk for long-term physical consequences or even death, and current treatment methods typically do not offer long-term efficacy. The current study aims to examine relationships between co-occurring symptoms of EDs, gastrointestinal distress, anxiety, and depression to add to the scientific literature and point towards directions that may increase the benefits of treatment efforts. A total of 72 participants were asked to complete an online survey that consisted of measures from each variable and took about 20 minutes to finish. Participating individuals had to be at least 18 …


A Phenomenological Study Of Women’S Discovery Of Infidelity In Long-Term Relationships, Sinay Butler Mar 2025

A Phenomenological Study Of Women’S Discovery Of Infidelity In Long-Term Relationships, Sinay Butler

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the lived experience of women in long-term marriages in the Spokane, Washington area when they discovered their husbands’ infidelity. All of the women in this study developed symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following the discovery of their husbands’ infidelity, however, infidelity is not recognized as a criterion A event for a formal diagnosis. Attachment theory provided the theoretical framework from which to understand the trauma responses of these women better. During the semi-structured interviews, the women described the discovery of infidelity as a traumatic and life-changing event. The research questions …


Improving The Mq For Pastoral Counseling At Hesed Counseling Ministries To Benefit Pro-Life Victims Of Pro-Abortionist Violence, Sean Michael Patrick Ferreiro Mar 2025

Improving The Mq For Pastoral Counseling At Hesed Counseling Ministries To Benefit Pro-Life Victims Of Pro-Abortionist Violence, Sean Michael Patrick Ferreiro

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Biblical Christianity has ubiquitously denounced abortion. Unfortunately, an unprecedented number of physical attacks on the pro-ministry’s volunteers and properties have resulted in traumatic experiences. Counseling services are the natural recommendation for these volunteers thereafter. However, secular counselors are often incongruent with the values of the pro-life ministry. Hesed Counseling Ministries offers counseling services for pro-life volunteers. As a group of solution-focused practitioners, they utilize the miracle-question (MQ). To create a counseling milieu congruent to the unique subculture of the pro-life ministry, they created their own MQ. It was bereft of the voices and verbiage of the pro-life ministry. Therefore, the …