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Timed-Insemination Of Beef Heifers Using Cosynch With One Or Two Initial Injections Of Gnrh (2002), David M. Grieger, C.D. Holladay, D.R. Eborn
Timed-Insemination Of Beef Heifers Using Cosynch With One Or Two Initial Injections Of Gnrh (2002), David M. Grieger, C.D. Holladay, D.R. Eborn
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Our purpose was to determine if giving an additional injection of GnRH to beef heifers synchronized with the Cosynch protocol would increase pregnancy rate to timed A.I. Eighty yearling beef heifers received an injection of GnRH, 7 days before receiving an injection of PGF (Cosynch). One half of the heifers were also given an injection of GnRH 14 days prior to the PGF injection (2xGnRH-Cosynch). All heifers were given a GnRH injection 2 days after PGF and inseminated at that time. Pregnancy rate for the 2xGnRH-Cosynch group (40%) was not different than that for the Cosynch group (50%) and was …
Surface Roughening During Slicing Reduces Iridescence (2002), T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf
Surface Roughening During Slicing Reduces Iridescence (2002), T.E. Lawrence, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated surface roughening during slicing as a way to decrease iridescence of pre-cooked cured beef bottom round, inside round, and eye of round roasts. Using a textured slicing blade surface decreased iridescence intensity and the area of iridescence compared to the control (smooth surface). Iridescence intensity and percentage of iridescent area was greatest in the eye of round, followed by the inside bottom round. Iridescence (both intensity and percentage of area) in sliced meat products can be reduced by using a meat-slicing blade with a textured face.
Effects Of Cooking Beef Muscles From Frozen Or Thawed States On Cooking Traits And Palatability (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of Cooking Beef Muscles From Frozen Or Thawed States On Cooking Traits And Palatability (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used an electric belt grill to cook steaks from two muscles; outside round (biceps femoris), and loin strip (longissimus lumborum) from both frozen and thawed states. The color values L* and a*, Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), juiciness, flavor, connective tissue amount, and overall tenderness did not differ (P>0.05) between steaks cooked from frozen and thawed states. Thawed steaks cooked faster and had less cooking loss. The biceps femoris had higher WBSF than longissimus and was rated less tender by trained panelists. Color values L*, a*, or b* did not differ (P>0.05) among the muscles. The biceps femoris …
Microbial Flora Of Commercially Produced Vacuum Packaged, Cooked Beef Roast (2002), R.J. Danler, H. Thippareddi, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, Randall K. Phebus, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Microbial Flora Of Commercially Produced Vacuum Packaged, Cooked Beef Roast (2002), R.J. Danler, H. Thippareddi, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle, Randall K. Phebus, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Commercially produced vacuum packaged, fully cooked, microwaveable beef roasts from four producers were purchased from local retail markets. Salt concentration, pH, water activity (aw), and percent moisture, fat and protein were determined. Samples of both package juice and homogenized beef plus juice were analyzed for the presence of aerobic, anaerobic and lactic acid bacteria and clostridia-type organisms. The cooked beef products had pH values from 5.82 to 6.19, water activity of 0.992 to 0.997, and contained 0.34 to 1.07% salt, 61.89 to 72.39% moisture, 4.29 to 18.21% fat and 15.92 to 20.62% protein. No growth was detected in juice for …
Comparison Of The Beef Empire Days Index With Carcass Pricing For Ranking Beef Carcasses (2002), D.A. King, R.D. Jones, D.E. Schafer, Michael E. Dikeman
Comparison Of The Beef Empire Days Index With Carcass Pricing For Ranking Beef Carcasses (2002), D.A. King, R.D. Jones, D.E. Schafer, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Our study evaluated the effectiveness of the Beef Empire Days carcass index in ranking beef carcasses compared to rankings based on carcass prices. Two price sets were used: the average prices between January 1998 and June 2001, and a short-range price determined from the average prices between April and September of 2001. Additionally, carcass data from the top live-placing cattle were compared to the data of the highest indexing carcasses. The live show judges were very accurate in selecting for ribeye size. However, they selected cattle that were fatter, but did not marble as well as the high indexing carcasses. …
Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle? (2002), E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf
Will Blade Tenderization Decrease Iridescence In Cooked Beef Semitendinosus Muscle? (2002), E. Obuz, Donald H. Kropf
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ten beef semitendinosus muscles were divided into three sections, which were randomly assigned to one of three blade tenderization treatments (control-zero, one, or two times). Blade-tenderized muscles were cooked in a forced-air convection oven at 325° to 145°F and held for 1 min. Cooked muscles were chilled overnight at 38°F and sliced by a sharp knife. Panelists (n=19) evaluated iridescence intensity on a five-point scale (0=no iridescence, 5=very strong) and extent of iridescence (0=no iridescence, 5=81-100% affected area). Blade tenderization decreased (P<0.05) iridescence intensity from 2.37 to 2.02 and extent of iridescence from 2.18 to 1.83 (control zero vs. two passes). Cooking loss increased (P<0.05) with blade tenderization (30.4% control, 32.6% one pass, 33.7% two passes). Blade tenderization has a moderate effect on reducing iridescence.
The Effect Of Aureomycin® In Combination With Bovetec® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass (2002), F.K. Brazle
The Effect Of Aureomycin® In Combination With Bovetec® In A Mineral Mixture On Steers Grazing Native Grass (2002), F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three hundred twelve mixed-breed steers (590 lb) were allotted randomly to eight native grass pastures on April 20. The pastures were grazed until July 13. The steers in four pastures received a basic mineral mix with 800 mg of Bovatec7 per lb. The other four pastures received the basic mineral mixture with Bovatec plus 1.6 lb Aureomycin 50 per 50 lb of mineral. The steers receiving the mineral with Aureomycin had greater mineral consumption (P<0.04). Including Aureomycin in the mineral increased gain by 2%; however, the response was not statistically significant.
Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Steam Based Post-Process Pasteurization Of Beef Salami For Control Of Listeria Monocytogenes, V.S. Gill, H. Thippareddi, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the destruction of Listeria monocytogenes on surfaces of artificially inoculated, vacuum-packaged beef salami by steam pasteurization (Stork RMA-Protecon Post-process Pasteurizer). Beef salami was inoculated with L. monocytogenes (initial concentrations of 4.36 log10 CFU/cm2 at the end and 4.49 at the middle), then pasteurized at 185, 194, or 203°F for 2 or 4 min. Only about 0.11 log10 CFU/cm2 (detection limit) L. monocytogenes survived after pasteurization at 203°F for 2 and 4 min, for a "kill rate" of over 99.99%. Post-packaging pasteurization reduces the threat of L. monocytogenes on the surfaces of cooked meat products.
The Effect Of Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles Of Varying Levels On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), C.M. Gordon, K.A. Hachmeister, James J. Higgins, A.L. Reicks, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus, Michael E. Dikeman
The Effect Of Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles Of Varying Levels On Sensory And Color Characteristics Of Ribeye Steaks (2002), C.M. Gordon, K.A. Hachmeister, James J. Higgins, A.L. Reicks, James S. Drouillard, Randall K. Phebus, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the effect of varying levels of Dakota Gold-brand dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) on meat quality characteristics including sensory traits and display color stability. Rib cuts from heifers from a 153-day feeding trial were selected randomly so that each level of DDGS had 10 steaks in a seven-day retail display color study, and 10 steaks that were cooked for evaluation by a trained sensory panel. Color reflectance value L* (lightness) exhibited an interaction (P<0.05) between diet and day, as well as a quadratic effect (P<0.05). Diet had no effect on a* (redness) or b* (yellowness) values, but a* and b* for all treatments decreased with longer display (P<0.05). A trained sensory panel detected small but significant (P<0.05) linear improvements in myofibrillar tenderness and overall tenderness as DDGS increased. The effect on sensory traits or display color stability were too small to warrant the feeding of DDGS to improve these traits.
Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System (2002), J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman
Practical Aspects Of Beef Carcass Traceability In Commercial Beef Processing Plants Using An Electronic Identification System (2002), J.R. Davis, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The use of an electronic identification (EID) system in slaughter facilities holds great potential as a tool for animal and carcass traceability, if used as part of a comprehensive carcass tracking system. However, the correct association of each carcass with its individual EID tag number may be hindered at several points during the slaughter process. For 2,994 cattle slaughtered in 14 lots and bearing buttontype, full duplex EID ear tags, 113 (3.92%) had non-functional tags, 16 (0.53%) had no tag, and 37 extra head were introduced accidentally into one of our lots. Of the 2,994 carcasses, 71 (2.37%) were railed …
Effects Of Weather On Average Daily Gain And Profitability (2002), D.R. Mark, Ted C. Schroeder
Effects Of Weather On Average Daily Gain And Profitability (2002), D.R. Mark, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effect of several weather conditions on average daily gain (ADG) and profits is quantified for typical steers and heifers fed in commercial feedyards in Western Kansas from 1980 to 1999. ADG predictions for particular pens of cattle are often used to plan marketing dates and calculate breakeven purchase prices. Weather is known to influence cattle performance, and expected weather conditions can be used to improve ADG predictions. Effects on ADG and profits from combinations of, and interactions between, temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind speed were analyzed. The influence of these weather conditions was allowed to differ by sex, placement …
Effect Of Source Of Carbohydrate And Degradable Intake Protein In Supplements On Low-Quality Forage Utilization By Steers (2002), J.I. Arroquy, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, Donald A. Llewellyn
Effect Of Source Of Carbohydrate And Degradable Intake Protein In Supplements On Low-Quality Forage Utilization By Steers (2002), J.I. Arroquy, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham, Donald A. Llewellyn
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve ruminally fistulated steers were used in an experiment to study the impact of the source of carbohydrate (CHO) and degradable intake protein (DIP) in supplements on low-quality forage utilization. Treatments consisted of two different CHO types (fed at 0.16% of initial BW) each offered with an equal amount of DIP (0.087% of initial BW) but with six different proportions of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) and true protein as sources of DIP. The CHO types were starch and dextrose (a simple sugar). The different proportions of the two sources of N contributing to the DIP were 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 …
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Exposure To Air: Effects Of A Biological Additive And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The objectives of this study with whole-plant corn silage were to determine the effects of a biological additive and sealing technique on yeast and mold populations; and to examine the relationship between the microbial and chemical changes in the silages during exposure to air. Whole-plant corn was harvested at 80% milkline (36% DM), and ensiled at a density of 35 lb of fresh matter/ft3. Half of the pre-ensiled forage was treated with a biological additive (A) (Sil-All 4x4, Alltech, Inc.); the other half of the pre-ensiled forage was the untreated control (C). Half of the silos in the A and …
Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets: A Preharvest Strategy Against Acid Resistant Escherichia Coli And Coliforms? (2002), C.M. Gordon, H. Thippareddi, D.L. Lambert, K. Kerr, N. Pike, J.J. Sindt, James J. Higgins, Randall K. Phebus, James S. Drouillard
Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Finishing Cattle Diets: A Preharvest Strategy Against Acid Resistant Escherichia Coli And Coliforms? (2002), C.M. Gordon, H. Thippareddi, D.L. Lambert, K. Kerr, N. Pike, J.J. Sindt, James J. Higgins, Randall K. Phebus, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Trial 1. Finishing beef heifers (345 head) were used in a 153-day finishing trial to evaluate the effects of feeding six levels of Dakota Gold®-brand dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS): 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75% (dry basis), on the number of acid resistant E. coli and coliforms. Fecal grab samples were taken on day 65 and day 100, 2 and 20 hours after feeding, and were analyzed for acid resistant E. coli and total coliforms, as well as pH and VFA. There was a significant linear increase in fecal pH with increased DDGS at both 2 and 20 …
Maximizing Desirable Ground Beef Color With Cold Storage And Display Temperatures (2002), R.A. Mancini, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, D.E. Johnson, John A. Fox
Maximizing Desirable Ground Beef Color With Cold Storage And Display Temperatures (2002), R.A. Mancini, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, K.A. Hachmeister, D.E. Johnson, John A. Fox
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study evaluated the combined effects of storage temperature, storage time, display temperature, display time, and fat level on ground beef color. Storage at 32°F minimized discoloration during display compared to storage at 40° and 48°F. Storage up to 12 days at 32°F did not affect ground beef color stability, whereas prolonged storage at 40° and 48°F increased discoloration dramatically. When storage was at 32°F, sales loss was 0.4%, compared to 62% at 48°F. Fat level did not influence discoloration. The use of 32°F during storage and display is essential for maximizing ground beef color life.
Effects Of End-Point Temperature, Reheating, Holding Time, And Holding Temperature On Beef Tenderness (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman
Effects Of End-Point Temperature, Reheating, Holding Time, And Holding Temperature On Beef Tenderness (2002), E. Obuz, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We cooked steaks from two muscles; outside round (biceps femoris), and strip loin (longissimus lumborum) with an electric belt grill. Biceps femoris steaks had higher Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), connective tissue force (WB Cforce), and myofibrillar force (WB Mforce) values than longissimus lumborum steaks. Holding biceps femoris steaks at 144°F after cooking increased WB C-force (P<0.05) and WB M-force (P<0.01) as compared to holding them at 135°F. Holding biceps femoris steaks for 15 min decreased shear force by 12%, whereas the decrease was only 3% from holding for 30 min, likely because more moisture was lost with the longer holding time. Reheating had the only significant effect on longissimus lumborum steaks' WB measures because low collagen content of this muscle is not affected by holding time or temperature.
Evaluation Of Performance In Receiving Heifers Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid (2002), T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi
Evaluation Of Performance In Receiving Heifers Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid (2002), T.B. Farran, H.J. Labrune, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, C.M. Coetzer, R.D. Hunter, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two 35-day receiving experiments were conducted using 668 highly stressed crossbred beef heifers to evaluate differences in growth performance, morbidity, and mortality when fed diets containing differing sources of dietary lipid. Heifers received diets containing beef tallow, tallow enriched with a microalgae product containing a high proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid), full-fat soybeans, or ground flaxseed. All diets contained approximately 60% concentrate and 40% roughage (alfalfa hay). Feed intake, daily gain, and feed efficiency were poorer (P<0.05) for cattle fed full-fat soybeans than for those fed the other treatments. Feed intake tended to be reduced when micro-algae was top-dressed to the diet, but gain was not negatively impacted. In Trial 2, feed efficiency was improved by the micro-algae. No notable differences among treatments were evident in the percentage of cattle treated for bovine respiratory disease, but cattle fed flaxseed tended to respond better to therapeutic treatments, requiring fewer retreatments.
Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles: Effects On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2002), C.M. Gordon, J. Gosch, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, M.F. Spire, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard
Dakota Gold®-Brand Dried Distiller’S Grains With Solubles: Effects On Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics (2002), C.M. Gordon, J. Gosch, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, J.N. Pike, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, M.F. Spire, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A 153-day trial was conducted using 345 heifers to determine optimal level of Dakota Gold dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS) in finishing diets based on steam-flaked corn. Diets contained six levels of DDGS: 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, and 75%. DDGS affected average daily gain, final weight and hot carcass weight, all of which increased with 15% DDGS and then decreased as additional DDGS was added. Growth performance of heifers fed 30% DDGS was similar to those fed no DDGS. In general, heifers were overfinished, with 61% being Yield Grade 3 or greater and 83% grading Choice or Prime. …
Effect Of Glycine Supplementation On Sulfur Amino Acid Use In Growing Cattle (2002), B.D. Lambert, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effect Of Glycine Supplementation On Sulfur Amino Acid Use In Growing Cattle (2002), B.D. Lambert, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Previous research has suggested the possibility that the supply of glycine, a nonessential amino acid, might affect how efficiently cattle use methionine. This study was conducted to determine the role of glycine on methionine utilization in growing steers as well as how glycine might impact utilization of cysteine, an amino acid produced in the body from methionine. In Exp. 1, treatments were abomasal infusion of 2 or 5 g/day L-methionine and 0 or 50 g/day glycine in a factorial arrangement. Efficiency of methionine use was 27% in the absence of supplemental glycine, but 66% in its presence. Glycine supplementation by …
Improving The Utilization Of Soybean Hulls By Cattle With Digestive Enzyme And Dietary Buffer Supplementation (2002), C.A. Löest, E.C. Tigemeyer, B.J. Johnson, A.M. Trater, B.D. Lambert, James S. Drouillard
Improving The Utilization Of Soybean Hulls By Cattle With Digestive Enzyme And Dietary Buffer Supplementation (2002), C.A. Löest, E.C. Tigemeyer, B.J. Johnson, A.M. Trater, B.D. Lambert, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (749 lb) were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square experiment to evaluate the benefits of supplementing digestive enzymes and dietary buffers to a soybean hull-based diet fed to steers once daily at 15.4 lb/day (as fed basis). Treatments were arranged as a 2 x 2 factorial with factors being two levels (0 and 3 grams/day) of digestive enzymes and two levels (0 and 93 grams/day) of dietary buffers. Buffers and enzymes were thoroughly mixed with the soybean hull-based diet to provide a completely mixed ration. Digestive enzyme or buffer supplementation increased (P≤0.06) diet …
Peroxide Treatment Of Feather Meal For Finishing Cattle (2002), C.A. Löest, C.M. Coetzer, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Peroxide Treatment Of Feather Meal For Finishing Cattle (2002), C.A. Löest, C.M. Coetzer, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heifers (756 lb, 312 head) were used in a finishing study to evaluate the effects of peroxide-treated feather meal on animal performance and carcass characteristics. Diets contained 3.0% of peroxide-treated or untreated feather meal, and were fed ad libitum. Treatment of feather meal with hydrogen peroxide increased in situ protein degradabilities by 56%, but did not significantly alter feed intake or feed efficiencies. Although not statistically different, gains were 2.1% greater for heifers fed peroxide-treated feather meal. Hot carcass weights also averaged 6 pounds heavier for heifers fed diets containing peroxide-treated feather meal. Marbling tended to be lower, but carcasses …
Use Of Organic Acids For Control Of Clostridium Perfringens In Cooked Vacuum-Packaged Ground Beef Products Subjected To Substandard Cooling Procedures (2002), J.R. Sabah, T. Harshavardhan, James L. Marsden, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Use Of Organic Acids For Control Of Clostridium Perfringens In Cooked Vacuum-Packaged Ground Beef Products Subjected To Substandard Cooling Procedures (2002), J.R. Sabah, T. Harshavardhan, James L. Marsden, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study determined the ability of Clostridium perfringens spores to germinate and grow after different organic acid treatments in vacuum packaged cooked ground beef subjected to substandard (slow) cooling. Meat samples were inoculated with a three-strain cocktail of C. perfringens spores (ATCC 10388, NCTC 8238, and NCTC 8239), then vacuum-packaged, cooked in a water bath to 167°F internal temperature, and held 20 min. The water bath temperature was then lowered to 130°F, and samples were cooled from 130°F to 45°F over 18 hr. Samples were taken after inoculation, after cooking, and after cooling. In the event of substandard cooling, sodium …
Garlic, Cold Storage And Heating Effects In Controlling Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Ground Beef (2002), E. Ceylan, Melvin C. Hunt, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Garlic, Cold Storage And Heating Effects In Controlling Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Ground Beef (2002), E. Ceylan, Melvin C. Hunt, Daniel Y.C. Fung, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This research evaluated the effect of garlic, cold storage and heating on Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef patties. Ground beef (20% fat) inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 to an initial inoculum level of 8 log10 CFU/g, was mixed with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% garlic powder (wt/wt). Samples were stuffed into 1 inch diameter test tubes and incubated at 40°F for 24 hr. Tubes were heated to internal temperatures of 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 155 and 160°F, and E. coli O157:H7 was enumerated. Garlic addition lowered E. coli O157:H7 survival in ground beef heated to 150 and 155°F, and …
Effects Of Melengestrol Acetate (Mga) On Performance And Carcass Quality Of Feedlot Heifers (2002), J.T. Fox, M.F. Spire, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, James S. Drouillard
Effects Of Melengestrol Acetate (Mga) On Performance And Carcass Quality Of Feedlot Heifers (2002), J.T. Fox, M.F. Spire, T.J. Kessen, M.J. Sulpizio, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Sixty yearling heifers (827 lb initial body weight) were fed finishing diets an average of 95 days. To eliminate social interaction and riding, they were fed in individual pens. Diets were formulated using steam-flaked corn and alfalfa hay. Thirty of the heifers were given 0.5 mg/head daily of MGA. Feed intakes, daily gains, and feed efficiencies were not significantly affected by MGA. However, heifers fed MGA had a greater percentage of carcasses grading USDA Prime and Choice. There also was greater incidence of USDA yield grade 3 and 4 carcasses with MGA supplementation. MGA generally increased fat deposition, but had …
Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide On Protein Degradation Of Feather Meal (2002), C.A. Löest, C.M. Coetzer, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Effect Of Hydrogen Peroxide On Protein Degradation Of Feather Meal (2002), C.A. Löest, C.M. Coetzer, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Protein degradation of feather meal treated with hydrogen peroxide was evaluated using the in situ bag technique. Bags containing untreated feather meal or feather meal treated with 1.4, 2.5, 2.7, 5.0, or 7.0% hydrogen peroxide (g/100 g feather meal, as fed basis) at various pH and times of heating (55oC) were suspended in the rumen of a cannulated steer for 12 hours. Protein degradabilities of feather meal treated with 2.5 and 2.7% peroxide were only 12 to 19% greater than untreated feather meal, but feather meal treated with 5% peroxide had protein degradabilities 56 to 67% greater than untreated feather …
Determining The Influence Of Different Levels Of Urea Supplementation When Beef Cows Grazing Winter Pasture Are Supplemented At Different Frequencies During The Prepartum Period (2002), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham
Determining The Influence Of Different Levels Of Urea Supplementation When Beef Cows Grazing Winter Pasture Are Supplemented At Different Frequencies During The Prepartum Period (2002), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Wickersham
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred sixty spring-calving Hereford x Angus cows grazing low-quality, tallgrass-prairie range during the winter of 2000-2001 were supplemented before calving either daily or three times weekly. The supplement contained 40% CP with 0, 15, 30, or 45% of the supplemental degradable intake protein from urea. Supplement was fed at 4 lbs/head daily to cows receiving supplement daily. Cows receiving supplement three times weekly were fed the same amount of weekly supplement, but split equally among their supplementation events. After calving, all cows received a supplement without urea on a daily basis. In general, prepartum supplements that contained more urea …
Fertility Of Heifers After Synchronization Of Estrus Using Gnrh, Pgf2Α, And Progesterone (Cidr) (2002), A.M. Richardson, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Sandra K. Johnson, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Fertility Of Heifers After Synchronization Of Estrus Using Gnrh, Pgf2Α, And Progesterone (Cidr) (2002), A.M. Richardson, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Sandra K. Johnson, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Our objectives were to determine fertility of heifers after estrus synchronization using PGF2αpreceded by either progesterone, GnRH, or both. Beef (n = 193) and dairy (n = 246) heifers were assigned randomly to three treatments: 1) 50 μg of GnRH and a used intravaginal progesterone-releasing insert were administered on day −7, followed by 25 mg of PGF2αon day −1, and CIDR removal on day 0 (CIDR + GnRH + PGF); 2) the same as 1) but without the GnRH (CIDR + PGF); and 3) the same as 1) but without the CIDR (GnRH + PGF; modified Select Synch). Rates of …
Economies Of Scale In Kansas Beef Cow-Calf Production (2002), L. Stryker, Michael R. Langemeier, R. Jones
Economies Of Scale In Kansas Beef Cow-Calf Production (2002), L. Stryker, Michael R. Langemeier, R. Jones
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Cow-calf producers must learn to control those aspects of production that are under their management. Quantity of beef produced and the cost of maintaining the breeding herd from conception to weaning are two examples of variables over which an individual operator has control. Therefore, it is important for managers to know their cost of production and, in turn, the relationship of quantity produced to cost. Our study found that for a 1% increase in quantity of beef produced, total cost increased by only 0.88%, suggesting economies of scale.
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Fermentation And Storage: Effects Of Packing Density And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
A Study Of The Chemical And Microbial Changes In Whole-Plant Corn Silage During Fermentation And Storage: Effects Of Packing Density And Sealing Technique (2002), M.E. Uriarte-Archundia, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The objectives of this study with whole-plant corn silage were to determine the effects of forage density after packing, and sealing technique on yeast and mold populations; and to examine the relationship between the microbial and chemical changes in the silages during the fermentation process and storage period. Whole-plant corn was harvested at 80% milkline (36% DM) and ensiled at three densities (D): D1, 23.2; D2, 33.2, and D3, 43.3 lb/ft3. Half of the silos for each density were sealed immediately after filling (S, sealed) and the other half of the silos were sealed 48 hours after filling (DS, delayed …
Immune Response In Feeder Cattle Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid (2002), T.B. Farran, M.F. Spire, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, C.M. Coetzer, H.J. Labrune, J. Ernest Minton, James J. Higgins, T.H. Elsasser, James S. Drouillard
Immune Response In Feeder Cattle Fed Different Sources Of Dietary Lipid (2002), T.B. Farran, M.F. Spire, J.J. Sindt, Sean P. Montgomery, C.M. Coetzer, H.J. Labrune, J. Ernest Minton, James J. Higgins, T.H. Elsasser, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two studies were conducted utilizing crossbred beef steers to evaluate immune response following endotoxin challenge. In Trial 1 steers (n = 20; 688 lb BW) were fed diets containing rolled full-fat soybeans (SOY) or tallow (TALLOW). In Trial 2, steers (n=18; 780 lb BW) were fed diets containing TALLOW, flaxseed (FLAX), or a micro-algae (ALGAE) top-dressed to the TALLOW diet. Both FLAX and ALGAE were sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. In both trials, diets were fed for a 14-day acclimation period prior to intravenous injection of a bacterial lipopolysaccharide(LPS) endotoxin. Injection of LPS in Trial 1 resulted in higher …