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Eastern Illinois University Undergraduate Catalog 2011 - 2012, Eastern Illinois University

Eastern Illinois Catalog Bulletins

This Catalog lists available courses for the 2011-2012 term.

Angiosperm Phylogeny: 17 Genes, 640 Taxa, Douglas E. Soltis, Steven A. Smith, Nico Cellinese, Kenneth J. Wurdack, David C. Tank, Samuel F. Brockington, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez, Jay B. Walker, Michael J. Moore, Barbara S. Carlsward, Charles D. Bell, Maribeth Latvis, Sunny Crawley, Chelsea Black, Diaga Diouf, Zhenxiang Xi, Catherine A. Rushworth, Matthew A. Gitzendanner, Kenneth J. Sytsma, Yin-Long Qiu, Khidir W. Hilu, Charles C. Davis, Michael J. Sanderson, Reed S. Beaman, Richard G. Olmstead, Walter S. Judd, Michael S. Donoghue, Pamela S. Soltis

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

• Premise of the study : Recent analyses employing up to fi ve genes have provided numerous insights into angiosperm phylogeny, but many relationships have remained unresolved or poorly supported. In the hope of improving our understanding of angiosperm phylogeny, we expanded sampling of taxa and genes beyond previous analyses.

• Methods : We conducted two primary analyses based on 640 species representing 330 families. The fi rst included 25 260 aligned base pairs (bp) from 17 genes (representing all three plant genomes, i.e., nucleus, plastid, and mitochondrion). The second included 19 846 aligned bp from 13 genes (representing only …

Lea Proteins During Water Stress: Not Just For Plants Anymore, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze, Mehmet Toner, Leaf Boswell, Daniel Moore

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are extremely hydrophilic proteins that were first identified in land plants. Intracellular accumulation is tightly correlated with acquisition of desiccation tolerance, and data support their capacity to stabilize other proteins and membranes during drying, especially in the presence of sugars like trehalose. Exciting reports now show LEA proteins are not restricted to plants; multiple forms are expressed in desiccation-tolerant animals from at least four phyla. We evaluate here the expression, subcellular localization, biochemical properties and potential functions of LEA proteins in animal species during water stress. LEA proteins are intrinsically unstructured in aqueous solution, but …

Quantitative Analysis Of Lignocellulosic Components Of Non-Treated And Steam Exploded Barley, Canola, Oat And Wheat Straw Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, P. K. Adapa, L. G. Schonenau, Thomas Canam, T. Dumonceaux

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Rapid and cost effective quantification of lignocellulosic components (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) of agricultural biomass (barley, canola, oat and wheat) is essential to determine the effect of various pre-treatments (such as steam explosion) on biomass used as feedstock for the biofuel industry. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was considered as an option to achieve this objective. Regression equations having R2 values of 0.89, 0.99 and 0.98 were developed to predict the cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin compounds of biomass, respectively. The average absolute difference in predicted and measured cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in agricultural biomass was 7.5%, 2.5%, and 3.8%, respectively.

Quantitative Analysis Of Lignocellulosic Components Of Non-Treated And Steam Exploded Barley, Canola, Oat And Wheat Straw Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, P. Adapa, L. Schonenau, Thomas Canam, T. Dumonceaux

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Rapid and cost effective quantification of lignocellulosic components (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin) of agricultural biomass (barley, canola, oat and wheat) is essential to determine the effect of various pre-treatments (such as steam explosion) on biomass used as feedstock for the biofuel industry. Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was considered as an option to achieve this objective. Regression equations having R2 values of 0.89, 0.99 and 0.98 were developed to predict the cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin compounds of biomass, respectively. The average absolute difference in predicted and measured cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in agricultural biomass was 7.5%, 2.5%, and 3.8%, respectively.

Program Booklet, Stacey Knight-Davis

Ben Franklin: Exhibit Booklet

Benjamin Franklin: In Search of a Better World was organized by the Benjamin Franklin Tercentenary and the American Library Association Public Programs Office. The traveling exhibition for libraries has been made possible by a major grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. In addition to the reproductions of original documents highlighted in the exhibit, we encourage you to peruse material by and about Franklin available digitally and in print at Booth Library.

Fagus Grandifolia, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

American beech has a broad native range across eastern North America from northern Florida, north to Maine and Nova Scotia, west to Michigan and eastern Wisconsin, south along the southeastern border of Illinois and Missouri and into southern Arkansas, southeastern Texas, and Louisiana across the Gulf of Mexico states all forming a perimeter wherein it is distributed (Burns 1990).

Symposium: A Futuristic Look Through Ancient Lenses - Egypt, Booth Library

Symposium on Ancient Egypt: Exhibit Booklet

Symposium Dates

This exhibit was displayed at Booth Library October 6 - November 2, 2011

About the Symposium

A Futuristic Look Through Ancient Lenses - Egypt brought together the Eastern community and citizens of the region to explore the future by learning about this great ancient civilization. It was the first in a series of symposia that explore various ancient civilizations of the world, learning what made them great and what led to their decline. It has been said that history repeats itself because people were not paying attention the first time. The panorama of topics covered by this symposium …

Davidia Involucrata, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

The dove tree has a native distribution in the West Szechuan and West Hupeh regions of China (Dirr 1998).

Quercus Alba, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Quercus alba has a natural range from Texas, north through Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, Minnesota, and Ontario, east throughout the rest of the United States, including Ontario and Quebec in Canada (USDA 2011).

Aceraceae - Acer Triflorum Komar, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Family

The three flowered maple is an attractive plant particularly for its exfoliating bark and vibrant fall foliage offering shades of orange, red, yellow, and purple that doesn’t get the horticultural attention that may be deserving of its ornamental character (Hill 2010).

Musa Basjoo, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

While often listed to be native to Japan, Musa basjoo, was actually introduced into Japan from China where the only wild populations remain in the Sichuan Province. The original Japanese account was of a cultivated specimen (Liu 2002).

Nyssa Sylvatica, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Nyssa sylvatica has a native range from Texas, north into Oklahoma, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin, and east throughout the rest of the United States, including Ontario in Canada (USDA 2011).

Magnolia Tripetala, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

In the wild, the umbrella magnolia is found in forests from Pennsylvania south to Georgia and west to Arkansas and Mississippi. It prefers moist soil along mountain streams and edges of swamps (Callaway 1994). As broad as its range, it is never common.

Metasequoia Glyptostroboides, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Dawn redwood has a limited native range consisting of a number of populations in the mixed forests of the western Hubei, eastern Sichuan, and southern Hunan Provinces of China. There are also single trees that exist outside its range that are evidence of a wider range that is suspected to have existed before settlement of these areas and subsequent harvesting of the trees for anthropogenic use (Williams 2005).

Acer Triflorum, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Acer triflorum has a native range in forests of Manchuria and south-central Korea (Dirr 1998, Jones 1999).

Magnolia Macrophylla, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

While never becoming a dominant tree, the bigleaf magnolia has a wide natural range in forests as far south as Georgia, west to Louisiana and Arkansas, north up to Ohio and Kentucky with it being most common in south central Mississippi. It prefers shady and moist areas along gorges (Callaway 1994).

Ostrya Virginiana, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Ostrya virginiana occurs on dry woodland slopes in its natural range from Crook County of northeastern most Wyoming, and east throughout nearly the rest of North America, with exception of Newfoundland and Labrador in Canada (Dirr 1998, USDA 2011).

Magnolia Virginiana, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Magnolia virginiana has a native range from Florida, north to Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania, and south to Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas in swamps (Callaway 1994).

Franklinia Alatamaha, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Noted botanists John and William Bartram were the first to come across Franklinia on October 1, 1765 along the Altamaha (formerly Alatamaha) River near Fort Barrington, Georgia (Fry 2000, Tredici 2005). It was last observed growing in nature in 1803, and has long been extinct in the wild.

Ginkgo Biloba, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Natural stands of Ginkgo biloba are all but eliminated from the wild with the exception of those occurring in mountains along the Yangtze River in China (Royer 2003).

Parrotia Persica, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Persian ironwood has a native range in moist forests of lowlands and low mountains in northern Iran (Binka 2003).

Succession, Scott J. Meiners, Steward Pickett

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Succession in a strict sense refers to the recovery and revegetation of an area following a disturbance such as the cessation of agriculture, the retreat of a glacier, or an intense forest fi re. Succession is a special case of vegetation dynamics, although many early ecologists referred to all vegetation change as succession. Succession includes a series of compositional and structural changes, often in a directional manner. The common occurrence of natural disturbances coupled with the extent of human activity on the planet makes succession one of the most ubiquitous ecological processes. Because invasion is a crucial feature of succession, …

Chemical Characterization And In Vitro Fermentation Of Brassica Straw Treated With The Aerobic Fungus, Trametes Versicolor, J. E. Ramirez-Bribiesca, Y. Wang, L. Jin, Thomas Canam, J. R. Town, A. Tsang, T. J. Dumonceaux, T. A. Mcallister

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Brassica napus straw (BNS) was either not treated or was treated with two strains of Trametes versicolor; 52J (wild type) or m4D (a cellobiose dehydrogenase-deficient mutant) with four treatments. Glucose was provided to encourage growth of the mutant strain. All treatments with T. versicolor decreased (P<0.05) neutral-detergent fibre and increased (P<0.05) protein and the concentration of lignin degradation products in straw. Ergosterol was highest (P<0.05) in straw treated with B-52J, suggesting it generated the most fungal biomass. Insoluble lignin was reduced (P<0.05) in straw treated with B-52J and B-m4D, but not with B-m4Dg. Mannose and xylose concentration were generally higher (P<0.05) in straw treated with fungi, whereas glucose and galactose were lower as compared with C-BNS. The four treatments above were subsequently assessed in rumen in vitro fermentations, along with BNS treated with 5 N NaOH. Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids after 24 and 48h were lower (P<0.05) in incubations that contained BNS treated with T. versicolor as compared with C-BNSor NaOH-treated BNS. Compared with C-BNS, in vitrodry matter disappearance and gas production were increased (P<0.05) by NaOH, but not by treatment with either strain of T. versicolor. Although treatment with T. versicolor did release more lignin degradation products, it did not appear to provide more degradable carbohydrate to in vitro rumen microbial populations, even when a mutant strain with compromised carbohydrate metabolism was utilized. Production of secondary compounds by the aerobic fungi may inhibit rumen microbial fermentation.

Diospyros Virginiana, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Diospyros virginiana has a native range from Nebraska, east through the Midwest to the East Coast into New York and Maryland, throughout the Southeast and down to Texas, including Utah and California (USDA 2011).

Properties Of Wood Waste Stored For Energy Production, Isaac Slaven, Eva Haviarova, Daniel Cassens

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Storage of wood biomass is not a new concern, but our current focus on using wood for renewable energy has brought it back to researchers’ attention. Since much of the past research done on pile storage relates to paper pulp chips, most of it dates to the 1960s and 1970s. Fiber shortages during that period caused increased interest in higher pulp yields (Zoch, Springer, & Hajny 1976). Further interest in the use of whole trees came about from the energy crisis of the late 1970s. Recent efforts by the government to create a U.S. energy portfolio rich in renewable resources …

A Prairie Rendezvous, Vol. 13, No. 1 (Winter 2011), Grand Prairie Friends

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Metabolic Restructuring During Energy-Limited States: Insights From Artemia Franciscana Embryos And Other Animals, Steven C. Hand, Michael A. Menze, Apu Borcar, Yuvraj Patil, Joseph A. Covi, Julie A. Reynolds, Mehmet Toner

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Many life history stages of animals that experience environmental insults enter developmental arrested states that are characterized by reduced cellular proliferation, with or without a concurrent reduction in overall metabolism. In the case of the most profound metabolic arrest reported in invertebrates, i.e., anaerobic quiescence in Artemia franciscana embryos, acidification of the intracellular milieu is a major factor governing catabolic and anabolic downregulation. Release of ion gradients from intracellular compartments is the source for approximately 50% of the proton equivalents needed for the 1.5 unit acidification that is observed. Recovery from the metabolic arrest requires re-sequestration of the protons with …

Lenition, Naomi Gurevich

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Tetradium Daniellii, Janice Coons, Nancy Coutant, Wesley Whiteside

Plants by Genus Species

Tetradium daniellii has a natural range in forests and open slopes of Korea and northern China (Dirr 1998, Zhang 2011).