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Use Of The Health Belief Model To Assess Hand Hygiene Knowledge, Perceptions, And Practices Of Saudi Students Studying In The U.S., Najla Khateeb Dec 2011

Use Of The Health Belief Model To Assess Hand Hygiene Knowledge, Perceptions, And Practices Of Saudi Students Studying In The U.S., Najla Khateeb

All Theses

Many factors influence hygiene but those that have the greatest impact vary widely across population groups. Our aim was to characterize hand hygiene practices of Saudi students studying in the U.S. by completing two objectives: (1) assess hand hygiene knowledge, perceptions, and practices of Saudi students studying in the U.S. and (2) determine the relationship among knowledge, perceptions, and practices.
A modified version of the Health Belief Model was the theoretical framework to characterize hand hygiene practices. A web-based instrument was posted to the ¬DSaudis Studying in USAÁÂ Facebook page. The instrument was prepared in English then translated into Arabic. …

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Clemson Commencement Program, December 2011, Clemson University Dec 2011

Clemson Commencement Program, December 2011, Clemson University

Clemson Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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Potential Of Three Brassica Cover Crops For Biofumigation In The Field And The Relationship Between Soil Myrosinase And Biofumigation Efficacy, Zachariah Hansen Dec 2011

Potential Of Three Brassica Cover Crops For Biofumigation In The Field And The Relationship Between Soil Myrosinase And Biofumigation Efficacy, Zachariah Hansen

All Theses

A greenhouse study was set up in January 2011 to investigate the effect of soil myrosinase concentration and Bacillus spp. on the release efficiency of isothiocyanates (ITCs) from freeze-dried `Pacific Gold' mustard leaf tissue after incorporation into soil. Seventeen diverse soil samples collected from various regions of South Carolina were used in the study. A correlation analysis was conducted to determine if soil myrosinase was positively correlated with ITC concentrations after mustard incorporation. ITC concentrations were then analyzed with soilborne Bacillus spp. populations, bean emergence, disease incidence, and shoot weight to identify significant correlations. Finally, the effect of freeze-dried `Pacific …

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The Food Waste Management System In A Southeastern Hospital, Amal Habadi Dec 2011

The Food Waste Management System In A Southeastern Hospital, Amal Habadi

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Effective waste management has always posed a challenge to those in food service operations. This study investigated the amount of food waste from Bon Secours St. Francis Health System foodservice operations using the Trim Trax¨ program. Trim Trax¨ is a food waste management program in which employees measure the volume of waste produced in pre-production and post-production areas. The objectives of this study were to collect the amount of waste produced during meal preparations and compare it with three weeks of retrospective data kept by employees in the salad/baking pre-production area, the cooking/grilling pre-production area and post-production area. Results showed …

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Effects Of Dietary Supplementation Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid In Horses, Shannon Headley Dec 2011

Effects Of Dietary Supplementation Of Conjugated Linoleic Acid In Horses, Shannon Headley

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Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces inflammation via the inhibition of cyclooxygenase II , thus reducing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Conjugated linoleic acid has a suggested osteoclast-suppressive role in bone remodeling and osteoarthritis, which are dependent on bone resorptive stimulator PGE2. Bone resorption marker, deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and bone formation marker, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), have been modulated by CLA supplementation in other species. Recent research in equine exercise physiology investigated dietary supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids as a possible prevention and treatment for osteoarthritis, but CLA supplementation has putative effects on skeletal function or inflammation in horses has not been reported. …

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Effects Of Larval Exposure To Bacterial Species In Three Genera On Life History Traits And Oviposition Behavior In The Southern House Mosquito, Culex Quinquefasciatus, Jonathan Gravgaard Dec 2011

Effects Of Larval Exposure To Bacterial Species In Three Genera On Life History Traits And Oviposition Behavior In The Southern House Mosquito, Culex Quinquefasciatus, Jonathan Gravgaard

All Theses

The biofilm is the most common niche for microorganisms living in aquatic environments. Forming a biofilm provides the means to resist shear forces, adverse osmolarity, chemical agents, and other environmental stressors. Biofilms also provide a major food source for aquatic arthropods like mosquito larvae. Culex quinquefasciatus larvae are found in freshwater pools with high organic content, and have the ability to graze on bacterial biofilms. To study how C. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes interact with bacteria in their environment I developed an experimental system that allows mosquito larvae to freely graze on bacteria in either the planktonic or biofilm state. The efficacy …

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Measuring Physical Activity In Youth Settings: Considerations For Instrument Selection, Benjamin Hickerson Dec 2011

Measuring Physical Activity In Youth Settings: Considerations For Instrument Selection, Benjamin Hickerson

Journal of Youth Development

Increasing physical activity participation has become one of the primary strategies for prevention of early-onset health conditions including obesity and Type II diabetes. Youth programs including summer camps and after-school programs are premium providers of physical activity opportunities, but researchers and administrators of these programs must be able to effectively collect and interpret physical activity data to make program adjustments and communicate results. This article reviews existing methods for physical activity measurement including self-reports and objective instruments and makes suggestions for their applicability. Pedometers are covered in-depth as they may be the method of choice in many youth settings. These …

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Health Beliefs And Socio-Cultural Factors That Predict Cervical Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Hispanic Women In Seven Cities In The Upstate Of South Carolina, Arelis Moore De Peralta Dec 2011

Health Beliefs And Socio-Cultural Factors That Predict Cervical Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Hispanic Women In Seven Cities In The Upstate Of South Carolina, Arelis Moore De Peralta

All Dissertations

Cervical cancer is one of the most common reproductive cancers among women in the United States. The incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer among Hispanic women in the U.S. are almost two times higher than non-Hispanic Whites. Cervical cancer screening is associated with early cervical cancer detection and, thus, with reductions in cancer morbidity and mortality. In Hispanic populations, where cancer rates are disproportionately high, it is important to conduct research that accounts for the influence of culture in health-seeking behaviors. The purpose of this study was to use the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical framework to …

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Arsenic Represses Myogenesis And Neurogenesis Through Epigenetic Mechanisms, Repressed Transcription Factors, And Altered Wnt Signaling Pathway, Gia-Ming Hong Dec 2011

Arsenic Represses Myogenesis And Neurogenesis Through Epigenetic Mechanisms, Repressed Transcription Factors, And Altered Wnt Signaling Pathway, Gia-Ming Hong

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Arsenic is a toxicant commonly found in water systems around the world. Evidence from epidemiological studies indicates that chronic arsenic exposure can result in cancer, central nervous system and sensory deficits, effects on development, and neuromuscular deficits. However, the molecular mechanism of arsenic's toxicity remains largely unclear. In this study, both C2C12 mouse myoblast cells and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were used as models of arsenic mediated developmental toxicity in humans to investigate the effects of sodium arsenite on cellular differentiation.
Results from our first and second studies indicate that exposure of 20nM sodium arsenite to C2C12 mouse myocyte …

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Development Of Novel Organic Nitrogen Nutrient Solutions With Unique Bioreactors For Precision Nutrient Fertigation, Brian Ward Dec 2011

Development Of Novel Organic Nitrogen Nutrient Solutions With Unique Bioreactors For Precision Nutrient Fertigation, Brian Ward

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A fertility study conducted comparing organic nitrogen versus synthetic nitrogen on yield, quality, mineral and phyto-nutrient content of sweet corn under conventional cultural practices.

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Fatty Acids And Lipogenesis In Ruminant Adipocytes, Taber Burns Dec 2011

Fatty Acids And Lipogenesis In Ruminant Adipocytes, Taber Burns

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Obsesity, the excess deposition of white adipose tissue, is a growing problem in the U.S. and other developed countries. Formerly thought to be inert, adipose tissue is now recognized as a dynamic endocrine organ with its secretion of adipokines and a newly proposed class hormone class 'lipokine'. Adipocytes are the functional unit of adipose tissue and can influence the tissue through hyperplasic and hypertrophic growth. In order to investigate the mechanisms involved in adipogenesis and lipogenesis of adipose tissue, stromal vascular cultures were isolated from adipose tissue of finishing cattle for use in experiments.
There is a positive relationship between …

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The Toxicity Of Carbon Nanotubes To Daphnia Magna, Aaron Edgington Dec 2011

The Toxicity Of Carbon Nanotubes To Daphnia Magna, Aaron Edgington

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A particle is classified as nano in size if it has at least one dimension less than 100 nm which gives them chemical and physical characteristics that are different from the bulk material. Over the last twenty years nanotechnology has exploded as an industry. It has been estimated that there are 1000 consumer products on the market today that contain nanomaterials and 2 million jobs worldwide will be devoted directly to nanotechnology research, development, and product manufacturing by 2015. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be visualized as sheets of graphene rolled into a cylinder. Carbon nanotubes small diameter (nanometer scale) and …

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Thermal Inactivation Of Stress Adapted Pathogens In Compost, Randhir Singh Dec 2011

Thermal Inactivation Of Stress Adapted Pathogens In Compost, Randhir Singh

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In the United States, 1.3 billion tons of animal wastes are produced annually. Disposal of this huge amount of waste on agricultural land without proper treatment is a public health safety issue as animal waste is a potential source of several human pathogens. Therefore, composting of animal wastes is an economical solution to this problem. The high temperature reached during this process also brings about inactivation of pathogens in the waste. However, survival of pathogens has still been reported from different composting studies, indicating the complex nature of this process. The objectives of this study were to: 1) study thermal …

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The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 9 2011-11-04, Clemson University Nov 2011

The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 9 2011-11-04, Clemson University

Tiger Newspapers

No abstract provided.

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The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 6 2011-10-07, Clemson University Oct 2011

The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 6 2011-10-07, Clemson University

Tiger Newspapers

No abstract provided.

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Fy2012 All Salaries Over $50,000 After Adjustment, Clemson University Oct 2011

Fy2012 All Salaries Over $50,000 After Adjustment, Clemson University

Salary Reports

No abstract provided.

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Voluntary Youth-Serving Organizations: Responding To The Needs Of Young People And Society In The Last Century, Suzanne Le Menestrel, Lisa Lauxman Oct 2011

Voluntary Youth-Serving Organizations: Responding To The Needs Of Young People And Society In The Last Century, Suzanne Le Menestrel, Lisa Lauxman

Journal of Youth Development

As many national youth-serving organizations have either celebrated their 100th anniversaries or are approaching their centennials, we take a step back to celebrate these organizations’ accomplishments, but also to examine how youth organizations have responded positively to the youth development philosophy and approach to programming. The focus of this paper is on those organizations in which participation by youth is voluntary.

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The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 5 2011-09-30, Clemson University Sep 2011

The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 5 2011-09-30, Clemson University

Tiger Newspapers

No abstract provided.

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The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 1 2011-09-02, Clemson University Sep 2011

The Tiger Vol. 106 Issue 1 2011-09-02, Clemson University

Tiger Newspapers

No abstract provided.

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2011 Summary Report On Institutional Effectiveness, Clemson University Aug 2011

2011 Summary Report On Institutional Effectiveness, Clemson University

Institutional Effectiveness Reports

No abstract provided.

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Influence Of Natural Organic Matter On Plutonium Sorption To Gibbsite, Laura Simpkins Aug 2011

Influence Of Natural Organic Matter On Plutonium Sorption To Gibbsite, Laura Simpkins

All Theses

Understanding plutonium geochemical behavior is imperative to the development of schemes for remediation of plutonium environmental contamination and accurate assessment of risks posed by the disposal of plutonium bearing wastes. The primary mechanism of plutonium mobility in the environment is subsurface transport. The mobility of plutonium is significantly influenced by redox and complexation reactions. Although the effects of surface mediated redox reactions on plutonium's subsurface mobility have been previously documented, little has been done to determine the impact of organic materials on sorption behavior and oxidation states. To adequately predict the behavior of plutonium in the environment, the influence of …

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Thermal Destruction Of Geobacillus Stearothermophilus In Rendered Animal Co-Products, Yubo Zhang Aug 2011

Thermal Destruction Of Geobacillus Stearothermophilus In Rendered Animal Co-Products, Yubo Zhang

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The non-pathogenic, heat stabile organism Geobacillus stearothermophilus was used during thermal death time testing of rendered poultry materials from three different rendering plants. G. stearothermophilus is an endospore–forming, Gram positive, thermophilic bacterium that is commonly used in the canning industry. A modification of the method of Kim and Naylor (1966) was used to prepare a G. stearothermophilus spore suspension. Uninoculated and inoculated rendering samples containing 50% fat and rendered crax were prepared. Lecithin and 2,3,5–triphenyl–2H–tetrazolium chloride (TTC) were used during sample enumeration to emulsify the high fat samples and to aid in detection of colonies, respectively. Commercial rendering cookers are …

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Determination Of Freshwater Algal Biomass And Sulfolipid Content As Functions Of Inorganic Carbon Treatment, Melissa Morella Aug 2011

Determination Of Freshwater Algal Biomass And Sulfolipid Content As Functions Of Inorganic Carbon Treatment, Melissa Morella

All Theses

Cultures of mixed freshwater algae were grown in open batch reactors made up of modified BG-11 media that contained 0, 25, 50 or 100% of the suggested inorganic carbon content (0, 0.5, 0.1 and 0.2 g/L Na2CO3) to assess the subsequent production of the high-value product, sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG). After 25 days of growth, the reactors were composed of primarily Oscillatoria growth. All four reactors exhibited a trend of increasing biomass and alkalinity with time, and an initial increase then decrease in pH. The total inorganic carbon (TIC) in all reactors exhibited a mirrored, opposite trend …

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Effect Of Different Oxygen Barrier Pouches On The Quality Of Retorted Carrots, Sarah Khor Aug 2011

Effect Of Different Oxygen Barrier Pouches On The Quality Of Retorted Carrots, Sarah Khor

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Thermally processed (TP) baby carrots were packaged in pouches with varying oxygen transmission rate (OTR) pouches. The pouches were four layer laminate (PET-Nylon-Barrier-CPP) with barrier layer being foil, aluminum oxide (AlOx), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), and nylon. Retort pouches were placed in boxes that were stored in an environmental chamber (43 °C, 50%RH). The objective of the study was to determine an alternative barrier retort pouch that is microwavable and still had similar barrier functions to foil for baby carrots and determine how the alternative compare with regard to shelf life. Instrumental analysis of color (L*, a*, b*) and texture …

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The Effect Of Barrier Properties Of Non-Foil Retort Films On Shelf Life Of Oxygen Sensitive Foods, Mahalaxmi Dharman Aug 2011

The Effect Of Barrier Properties Of Non-Foil Retort Films On Shelf Life Of Oxygen Sensitive Foods, Mahalaxmi Dharman

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A simulated food product sensitive to oxygen, which was a mixture of tomato paste, water, and corn oil (2:2:1), was filled into five different barrier coated pouches, a foil barrier and a low barrier pouch. These pouches were thermally processed at 250¡F for 30 minutes and stored in darkness under accelerated conditions (45±2¡C and 50±2%RH) for up to 180 days.
The simulant was analyzed for lipid oxidation by TBARS and lycopene degradation by colorimetry (L*,a*,b* values and Hue angle). The oxygen permeability (OP) in all the pouches increased by 5 to 500 fold after retort. TBARS values in all pouches …

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Role Of Belowground Fungal Mutualisms And Nutrient Cycling Alteration In Invasion Success Of Polygonum Cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc. (Polygonaceae) In The Eastern United States, Gretchen Addington Aug 2011

Role Of Belowground Fungal Mutualisms And Nutrient Cycling Alteration In Invasion Success Of Polygonum Cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc. (Polygonaceae) In The Eastern United States, Gretchen Addington

All Theses

Plant species invasion is problematic around the world due to its negative effects on native plant biodiversity, ecosystem function, and ecosystem stability. Understanding the mechanisms of plant species invasion is necessary to predict new invasions and to control current problematic species. Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc. (Polygonaceae, Japanese Knotweed) is an invasive species found in 40 of the 50 United States and listed as a noxious species in nine states. It is known to exclude native plant communities, and its eradication is nearly impossible. The extensive negative effects associated with this species make understanding its mechanism of invasion a prerogative. …

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Persuasive Packaging: An Eye-Tracking Approach To Design, Rupert Hurley Aug 2011

Persuasive Packaging: An Eye-Tracking Approach To Design, Rupert Hurley

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This dissertation details the development of a consensus-centered strategy for managing packaging design projects that enables designers from various fields to participate (seriously play) in the development process. The Work/Flow developed was quantified though a series of empirical eye-tracking experiments to determine if objects produced through the system resulted in longer fixation durations than the control. It was determined that packages developed through the Work/Flow were significantly more persuasive than the control (P < 0.0005).
The second experiment observed the effectiveness of designs produced through the Work/Flow in respect to the competitive retail array. Out of three product categories tested, one package …

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Biohydrogenation Of Docosahexaenoic Acid, Catherine Klein Aug 2011

Biohydrogenation Of Docosahexaenoic Acid, Catherine Klein

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Pathways of docosahexaenoic (DHA) biohydrogenation are not known; however, DHA is metabolized by ruminal microorganisms. The addition of DHA to the rumen alters the fatty acid profile of the rumen and milk and leads to increased trans-18:1 isomers, particularly trans-11 18:1 and 22 carbon fatty acids. This study included four in vitro experiments to identify if these are produced from DHA or if they come from other sources that are affected by DHA. In each experiment, ruminal microorganisms collected from a lactating Holstein cow were incubated in batch cultures for 0, 6, 24, and 48h and a uniformly 13C DHA …

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Anticancer Effects Of Red Raspberries On Immune Cells And Blood Parameters, Jannet Romero Aug 2011

Anticancer Effects Of Red Raspberries On Immune Cells And Blood Parameters, Jannet Romero

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There is an abundance of research correlating diets rich in fruits and vegetables to the reduction or prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Plants extracts have also been claimed to possess antiviral, antibacterial, and immunological properties. This study focused on the in vitro and in vivo effects of a water extract from lyophilized Meeker red raspberries on tumor cell viability and immune parameters. A large number of studies have demonstrated the cytotoxic effect of different fruit juices and extracts against tumor cell lines in vitro. However, studies also show that the blood plasma levels of berry …

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Measuring The Impact Of Youth Efnep: Questionnaire Development And Validation, Yenory Hernandez Aug 2011

Measuring The Impact Of Youth Efnep: Questionnaire Development And Validation, Yenory Hernandez

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Background: Given the problem of childhood obesity and food insecurity among low-income children, the Youth Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) needs an appropriate, valid and reliable evaluation tool to determine the program effectiveness.
Purpose: To describe the development and preliminary validation of EFNEP Youth Quest questionnaire, an impact assessment tool designed for Youth EFNEP program.
Use of theory: The Community Nutrition Education logic model adapted with constructs of Social Cognitive Theory and Theory of Planned Behavior.
Targeted audience: Low income-ethnically diverse children, in third, fourth and fifth grade.
Design: The development of the questionnaire included six phases: preliminary …

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