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Hydrogen Production By Thermotoga Lettingae Using Spent Fermentation Media Containing Acetic Acid, Archana Ganesh Aug 2013

Hydrogen Production By Thermotoga Lettingae Using Spent Fermentation Media Containing Acetic Acid, Archana Ganesh

All Theses

Biological production of hydrogen (H2) gas from fermentation of agricultural feedstock is one method to produce clean and sustainable source of energy. During fermentation of glucose to H2, acetic acid and carbon dioxide (CO2) by Thermotoga neapolitana, only 33% of the energy contained in glucose is converted to hydrogen. The aim of this study was to use a second thermotogale, Thermotoga lettingaeto ferment sugars and acetic acid in spent media to produce H2. Hydrogen production by this bacterium in fresh and spent media was studied by quantifying the amount of …

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Spectroscopic Investigation Of Protein Corona, Poonam Choudhary Aug 2013

Spectroscopic Investigation Of Protein Corona, Poonam Choudhary

All Theses

Nanotechnology has revolutionalized the landscape of modern science and technology, including materials, electronics, therapeutics, bioimaging, sensing, and the environment. Research in the past decade has examined the fate of nanomaterials in vitro and in vivo, as well as the interactions between nanoparticles and biological and ecosystems using primarily toxicological and ecotoxicological approaches. However, due to the versatility in the physical and physicochemical properties of nanoparticles, and due to the vast complexity of their hosting systems, the solubility, transformation, and biocompatibility of nanomaterials are still poorly understood. Nanotechnology has been undergoing tremendous development in recent decades, driven by realized perceived applications …

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Improvement Of Onsite Wastewater Treatment By Use Of Electrically Conductive Carbon Cloth, Christopher Weber Aug 2013

Improvement Of Onsite Wastewater Treatment By Use Of Electrically Conductive Carbon Cloth, Christopher Weber

All Theses

The purpose of this research is primarily focused on carbon oxidation in domestic septic systems. Small-scale septic waste reactors utilizing electrically conductive carbon cloth were assessed for improving carbon oxidation and therefore the overall efficiency of on-site wastewater treatment systems.
A bioelectrochemical system was developed to enhance carbon oxidation in septic systems using electrically conductive carbon cloth as an anode/cathode bridge to transfer electrons from strictly anoxic septic wastewater to an oxic system outside of the septic reactor. This 'septic snorkel' (so named since the system 'breathes' via the carbon cloth extends into an aerobic zone) was designed to lower …

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Diversity Among Isolates Of Phytophthora Cinnamomi From Ornamental Plants In South Carolina, Simon Schreier Aug 2013

Diversity Among Isolates Of Phytophthora Cinnamomi From Ornamental Plants In South Carolina, Simon Schreier

All Theses

Phytophthora cinnamomi is a devastating pathogen that can attack over 900 hosts. It is the most common species of Phytophthora isolated from woody ornamental crops in South Carolina but little is known about variability among isolates of P. cinnamomi that attack these plants. Therefore, 142 isolates of P. cinnamomi recovered from diseased plant samples submitted to the Clemson University Plant Problem Clinic between 1995 and 2011 were characterized for mycelium growth habit, growth rate, mefenoxam sensitivity, mating type, and sporangium morphology. Mycelium growth habit on PARPH-V8 selective medium was classified as aerial, appressed, or dwarf; 87% of isolates had the …

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Impact Of Channel Conditions On Existing Scour Measuring Instruments, Md Nasimul Hoque Chowdhury Aug 2013

Impact Of Channel Conditions On Existing Scour Measuring Instruments, Md Nasimul Hoque Chowdhury

All Theses

Scour around bridge piers and abutments, is the prominent reason for bridge failures. Bridge failures have substantial effects on economy and human lives. About 60% of the total bridge failures in U.S. can be attributed to scour. In the past, scour has been responsible for several million dollars in bridge repair cost. Given the threat to the bridge infrastructure due to scour, the U.S. Federal Highway Administration has proposed several countermeasures to reduce the impact of bed degradation. One of these countermeasures that is particularly relevant during peak flow periods is the real-time scour monitoring. Scour monitoring involves real-time data …

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Working Toward Peace: A Holistic Approach To Addressing Youth Violence By Pleasant Hill Baptist Church, Joann E. Lee, Miniard Culpepper, Rhona Julien Aug 2013

Working Toward Peace: A Holistic Approach To Addressing Youth Violence By Pleasant Hill Baptist Church, Joann E. Lee, Miniard Culpepper, Rhona Julien

Journal of Youth Development

The prevalence of unintentional injury and violent behavior among school aged youth in Boston compared to the rest of the country is quite similar. And in the past decade, in spite of attempts both locally and nationally to stymie these behaviors, there has been no change in prevalence. Moreover, such behaviors are the leading cause of death and disability among youth and adults in the United States. This paper will discuss the strategies that have been employed by Pleasant Hill Baptist Church, Boston, MA in response to this trend and will focus on high-risk youth, especially those involved with gangs.

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Ubiquitous Libidinal Infrastructures Of Urbanism: The Fringing Benefits Of Rhetorics In Architecture, Lauren Mitchell Aug 2013

Ubiquitous Libidinal Infrastructures Of Urbanism: The Fringing Benefits Of Rhetorics In Architecture, Lauren Mitchell

All Dissertations

Big-box culture - generally thought of as sprawl - is often suppressed or ignored within architectural design curricula. The overwhelming pervasiveness of big-box culture threatens the foundation of our discipline. We turn away, though it generates the context for many lives to happily unfold in this country. We remain only partially engaged with big-box because we do not fully understand its complexity. We argue with it, but at cross-purposes. This trans-disciplinary project brings rhetorical scholarship to bear on big-box culture. Emphasizing pedagogy, it offers architects and urbanists opportunities to design with more awareness about the ubiquitous, what drives it, and …

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Turkish Parents' Perceptions Of Their Involvement In Schooling, Mehmet Erdener Aug 2013

Turkish Parents' Perceptions Of Their Involvement In Schooling, Mehmet Erdener

All Dissertations

Parent involvement has an influence on children's educational engagement during the elementary years. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of rural Turkish parents about their involvement in schooling with elementary school students based on Epstein's (1995) six types of parental involvement (parenting, communicating, volunteering, learning at home, decision-making, and collaborating with the community). This study also examined the differences among parent demographic characteristics (education level, income, marital status, and age) and parent involvement at the elementary grade level in rural areas of Turkey. Epstein's survey was used to collect data from 742 parents of elementary schools …

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Effects Of Varying Spring Hollow Tine Aerification Size And Timing On Bentgrass Greens, Lewis Hubbard Jr Aug 2013

Effects Of Varying Spring Hollow Tine Aerification Size And Timing On Bentgrass Greens, Lewis Hubbard Jr

All Dissertations

The desire to maintain optimal turfgrass and surface properties often leads turfgrass managers to minimize impact from cultural practices like hollow tine aerification (HTA). Comprehensive research is essential to developing aerification programs which allow optimal use of turfgrass surfaces without sacrificing overall turf health.
A two-year field experiment was conducted on a 14-year-old U.S. Golf Association (USGA)-specified Crenshaw creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera L. var palustris (Huds.)] research putting green in Clemson, SC, to evaluate the effects of varying spring HTA size and timing on turfgrass, surface, organic matter (OM), and soil properties.
Spring HTA treatments included 1.2-cm i.d. tines spaced …

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Count Time Series And Discrete Renewal Processes, James Livsey Aug 2013

Count Time Series And Discrete Renewal Processes, James Livsey

All Dissertations

Most data collected over time has some degree of periodicity (i.e. seasonally varying
traits). Climate, stock prices, football season, energy consumption, wildlife sightings, and
holiday sales all have cyclical patterns. It should come as no surprise that models that
incorporate periodicity are paramount in the study of time series.
The following work devises time series models for counts (integer-values) that are periodic
and stationary. Foundational work is rst done in constructing a stationary periodic
discrete renewal process (SPDRP). The dynamics of the SPDRP are mathematically interesting
and have many modeling applications, expositions largely unexplored here. This work
develops a SPDRP …

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Ion Channel-Mediated Hydrostatic Pressure Mechanotransduction In Urothelial Cells, Kevin Champaigne Aug 2013

Ion Channel-Mediated Hydrostatic Pressure Mechanotransduction In Urothelial Cells, Kevin Champaigne

All Dissertations

A majority of men and women aged 40 and over experience lower urinary tract symptoms, including urgency, incontinence, and frequency, which often affect the individual's quality of life. Although often considered a simple structure, the bladder is a complex system with sophisticated sensory and motor feedback mechanisms that allow for the sensation of fullness and pain, reflexive responses to bladder filling, and conscious control over the time and place of micturition. Although disruptions of these sensory mechanisms are believed to cause certain lower urinary tract dysfunctions, the specific mechanisms involved in sensing bladder fullness, distension, tension, or pressure at the …

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Factors Controlling Synthesis Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles And The Effect Of Surface Charge On Magnetic Hyperthermia, Bin Qi Aug 2013

Factors Controlling Synthesis Of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles And The Effect Of Surface Charge On Magnetic Hyperthermia, Bin Qi

All Dissertations

ABSTRACT
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have been widely studied in the theranostics application due to their promising magnetic properties, low cytotoxicity and attractive biocompatibility. Despite the numerous studies on the kinetic mechanisms of IONPs synthesis and thus the resulting size, shape and crystallinity; there are still considerable unsolved issues in quantitatively depicting the dependence between particle morphology and the reaction conditions.
To begin to explain some of these phenomena, the kinetic mechanism for the morphology and crystalline changes of IONPs with the ligand/precursor ratio in nanoparticle synthesis was investigated. During the synthesis of nanoparticles via thermal decomposition of iron precursors, …

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Advanced Imaging As A Novel Approach To The Characterization Of Membranes For Microfiltration Applications, Milagro Marroquin Aug 2013

Advanced Imaging As A Novel Approach To The Characterization Of Membranes For Microfiltration Applications, Milagro Marroquin

All Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the design, development and implementation of novel, advanced imaging protocols for the characterization of membranes in microfiltration applications. Oftentimes, membrane characterization studies are done with high resolution microscopy techniques like scanning electron microscopy or transmission electron microscopy. The results obtained by these popular imaging techniques are subject to error and their reliability might be, in some instances, compromised because they require drying and metallization of the sample; working under high vacuum and electron beam intensity; and extensive sectioning to retrieve internal information. These factors may disrupt the membrane structure or modify its features. As an alternative …

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Biochemical Investigation Into Initiation Of Fatty Acid Synthesis In The African Trypanosomes, Sunayan Ray Aug 2013

Biochemical Investigation Into Initiation Of Fatty Acid Synthesis In The African Trypanosomes, Sunayan Ray

All Dissertations

My doctoral studies focused on studying FA metabolism in the deadly protozoan parasite T. brucei. In my dissertation, I will be addressing various aspects of the regulation of TbACC, which catalyzes the first committed step in FA synthesis. In the second chapter, I hypothesized that TbACC is regulated in response to environmental lipids. I examined changes in TbACC RNA, protein, and activity in response to different levels of environmental lipids in both BF and PF cells. I also delineated the mechanisms by which TbACC expression and activity is regulated by phosphorylation in response to altered lipid environments. In the third …

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Functionalized Nanomaterials And Their Biological Applications, Pallavi Vedantam Aug 2013

Functionalized Nanomaterials And Their Biological Applications, Pallavi Vedantam

All Dissertations

Bionanomaterials have been used in drug delivery, cancer therapy and biodiagnosis of pathogens based on their size and surface functionalization. In this present work, different kinds of nanoparticles (NPs), their cellular interactions, cytotoxicity profiles, and finally role of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in biodetection of E. coli was investigated.
Firstly, cytotoxicity profiles of commercial, laser ablation, and green synthetic NPs were studied. Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells was found to be size dependent. The plain 80 nm GNPs and AgNPs enhanced toxic effects in cancer cells when compared to 20 nm ones. Apoptotic profiles of ALB- or FBS-coated NPs were …

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Towards Viable Large Scale Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, Rahul Amin Aug 2013

Towards Viable Large Scale Heterogeneous Wireless Networks, Rahul Amin

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We explore radio resource allocation and management issues related to a large-scale heterogeneous (hetnet) wireless system made up of several Radio Access Technologies (RATs) that collectively provide a unified wireless network to a diverse set of users through co-ordination managed by a centralized Global Resource Controller (GRC). We incorporate 3G cellular technologies HSPA and EVDO, 4G cellular technologies WiMAX and LTE, and WLAN technology Wi-Fi as the RATs in our hetnet wireless system. We assume that the user devices are either multi-modal or have one or more reconfigurable radios which makes it possible for each device to use any available …

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Elaboration And Optimization Of Tellurite-Based Materials For Raman Gain Application, Guillaume Guery Aug 2013

Elaboration And Optimization Of Tellurite-Based Materials For Raman Gain Application, Guillaume Guery

All Dissertations

Tellurite-based oxide glasses have been investigated as promising materials for Raman gain applications, due to their good linear and nonlinear optical properties and their wide transparency windows in the near- and midwave infrared spectral region. Furthermore, their interesting thermal properties, i.e. low glass transition temperature and ability to be drawn into optical fibers, make tellurite-based glasses excellent candidates for optical fiber amplifiers. The estimation of the strength and spectral distribution of Raman gain in materials is commonly approximated from the spontaneous Raman scattering cross-section measurement. For development of tellurite-based glasses as Raman amplifiers, understanding the relationship between glass structure, vibrational …

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Hydraulic Impact Of Porosity Distribution And Hydrologic Characterization Of Porous Pavements, William Martin Aug 2013

Hydraulic Impact Of Porosity Distribution And Hydrologic Characterization Of Porous Pavements, William Martin

All Dissertations

This research focused on the hydrologic characterization of porous pavement and pavement properties that can affect its hydraulic behavior. The first of these properties investigated was the presence of a vertical porosity distribution which can significantly impact the infiltration rate. A method utilizing image analysis was tested and experimentally verified. The representative elemental area (REA) was needed for this imaging method and was found to be 83.9 cm2 (13 in2). To convert the porosity distribution into a permeability distribution the relationship between porosity and permeability was found using homogenous samples. From the resulting permeability distribution an effective permeability was found …

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Behavior And Control Of The Bed Bug, Cimex Lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), Margaret Lehnert Aug 2013

Behavior And Control Of The Bed Bug, Cimex Lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), Margaret Lehnert

All Dissertations

The recent resurgence of bed bugs has led to an explosion of bed bug research influenced by the applied needs of pest management professionals. I assessed the needs of pest management professionals who deal with bed bugs in South Carolina. Bed bugs were reported in 28 of 46 counties in South Carolina. Previous samples of bed bug populations have displayed a 1:1 sex-ratio suggesting females do not use aggregations and harborages to hide from males and traumatic insemination, which can be harmful to females. Aggregations are biased in composition, suggesting that females are able to hide from males within harborages. …

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Antibacterial Effects Of Proteases On Different Strains Of Escherichia Coli And Listeria Monocytogenes, Hanan Eshamah Aug 2013

Antibacterial Effects Of Proteases On Different Strains Of Escherichia Coli And Listeria Monocytogenes, Hanan Eshamah

All Dissertations

Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes are pathogens that have received special attention by federal agencies, food safety researchers and food industries due to their economic and human health impact. To reduce the presence of these pathogens, alternative interventions have been studied. However, increasing consumer's demand for natural ingredients has made the investigations of effectiveness of natural antimicrobials necessary. In this study, in vitro antimicrobial activity of bromelain and papain against E. coli JM109 and L. monocytogenes was investigated. Furthermore, actinidin and papain were evaluated to reduce populations of L. monocytogenes strain and three mixed strains of E. coli O157:H7 …

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Renovation Of Ammonia Contaminated Produced Water Using Constructed Wetlands, Donald Beebe Aug 2013

Renovation Of Ammonia Contaminated Produced Water Using Constructed Wetlands, Donald Beebe

All Dissertations

Pilot-scale wetland treatment systems were designed and constructed to evaluate renovation of simulated oilfield produced water contaminated with ammonia (20 mg/L ammonia-N). A process-based pilot-scale constructed wetland was designed to meet specific biogeochemical conditions for conversion of ammonia to nitrogen gas through microbial nitrification and denitrification. The process-based constructed wetland treated the simulated produced water to meet stringent discharge requirements (less than 1.2 mg/L ammonia-N). Clinoptilolite, a zeolite mineral, was evaluated for use in constructed wetlands to increase ammonia sorption and nitrification activity. Clinoptilolite increased wetland ammonia sorption capacity and served as a microbial carrier for nitrifying bacteria when ranges …

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Essays On Service Strategies: Evidence From Banking And Healthcare Industries, Sriram Venkataraman Aug 2013

Essays On Service Strategies: Evidence From Banking And Healthcare Industries, Sriram Venkataraman

All Dissertations

The primary objective of this dissertation is to provide insights for service providers in general, and retail bankers and hospital administrators in particular, that will help them improve their operational efficiency and effectiveness. In doing so, this dissertation consists of three essays that develop multiple service operations strategies, that identifies key elements affecting efficiency and effectiveness in two key critical industries: banking and healthcare. We contribute to service operations strategy research and practice by incorporating multi-disciplinary theories and approaches from marketing, economics, and quality management. Although operations researchers and practitioners alike realize the importance of productivity and effectiveness, they are …

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Bullying Among U.S. School Children: An Examination Of Race/Ethnicity And School-Level Variables On Bullying, Weijun Wang Aug 2013

Bullying Among U.S. School Children: An Examination Of Race/Ethnicity And School-Level Variables On Bullying, Weijun Wang

All Dissertations

Bullying is unwanted aggressive behavior and a damaging experience that can violate a bullied child's civil and human rights. To understand and reduce bullying in U.S. schools, it is important to recognize students' self-reported experiences with and perceptions of bullying. This study responded to limited research on races/ethnicites and bullying among children and youth in U.S. schools, and to a relatively small focus on specific school-level variables (such as the densities of races/ethnicities in school, the school's ethnic diversity, the overall poverty level of the school, student/teacher ratio, and school locations) and several other variables of interest (such as the …

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Spatial Control Of Magnetic Nanoparticles Integrated With Cellular Spheroids As Tissue Engineered Building Blocks, Brandon Mattix Aug 2013

Spatial Control Of Magnetic Nanoparticles Integrated With Cellular Spheroids As Tissue Engineered Building Blocks, Brandon Mattix

All Dissertations

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been investigated in tissue engineering applications to provide in situ imaging, drug delivery, and tissue patterning, but direct and prolonged interaction between cells and MNPs can have adverse effects on cell function. Therefore, methods which reduce or limit the interaction of MNPs with cells, or utilize more biocompatible MNP-based strategies will improve upon the commonly used iron oxide MNPs. We investigated a variety of methods to improve upon the use of MNPS in tissue engineering.
Cell aggregates, or spheroids, have been used as tissue engineered building blocks that can closely mimic the native three-dimensional in vivo …

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Production Of Biodiesel-Like Components By The Type I Methanotroph Methylomonas Methanica, Megan Diane Burdette Aug 2013

Production Of Biodiesel-Like Components By The Type I Methanotroph Methylomonas Methanica, Megan Diane Burdette

All Theses

Bacteria that utilize methane as a sole source of carbon and energy are referred to as methanotrophs. Industrial uses of these types of organisms include the production of poly-hydroxybutyrate as well as the degradation of some chlorinated hydrocarbons that are considered pollutants in the environment. Methanotrophs also play an important role in methane cycling in the environment. Methane gas has the ability to trap 20 times more heat than carbon dioxide, which makes it a potent greenhouse gas. A defining characteristic of methanotrophs is the production of extensive intracytoplasmic membranes composed of lipids that are 16 or 18 carbons in …

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Clemson Trustees Minutes, 2013 July 19, Clemson University Board Of Trustees Jul 2013

Clemson Trustees Minutes, 2013 July 19, Clemson University Board Of Trustees

Minutes

Minutes: Meeting of the Clemson University Board of Trustees. Dogwood & Cypress Rooms, Charleston Place Hotel, Charleston, SC. 9:30 a.m.

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Dendritic Polymers As Oil Spill Dispersants: Effectiveness And Toxicity Compared To Corexit 9500a, David A. Ladner, Peng Xie, Ying Tu, Nicholas K. Geitner, Sean Powers, Andrew Whelton, Pu Chun Ke Jul 2013

Dendritic Polymers As Oil Spill Dispersants: Effectiveness And Toxicity Compared To Corexit 9500a, David A. Ladner, Peng Xie, Ying Tu, Nicholas K. Geitner, Sean Powers, Andrew Whelton, Pu Chun Ke

Presentations

No abstract provided.

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Clemson Trustees Minutes, 2013 June 24, Clemson University Board Of Trustees Jun 2013

Clemson Trustees Minutes, 2013 June 24, Clemson University Board Of Trustees

Minutes

Minutes: Meeting of the Clemson University Board of Trustees. Governmental Affairs Office, 1201 Main Street, Suite 1950, Columbia, SC. 3:30 p.m.

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Continuous Development Of Schemes For Parallel Computing Of The Electrostatics In Biological Systems: Implementation In Delphi, Chuan Li, Marharyta Petukh, Lin Li, Emil Alexov Jun 2013

Continuous Development Of Schemes For Parallel Computing Of The Electrostatics In Biological Systems: Implementation In Delphi, Chuan Li, Marharyta Petukh, Lin Li, Emil Alexov

Publications

Due to the enormous importance of electrostatics in molecular biology, calculating the electrostatic potential and corresponding energies has become a standard computational approach for the study of biomolecules and nano-objects immersed in water and salt phase or other media. However, the electrostatics of large macromolecules and macromolecular complexes, including nano-objects, may not be obtainable via explicit methods and even the standard continuum electrostatics methods may not be applicable due to high computational time and memory requirements. Here, we report further development of the parallelization scheme reported in our previous work (J Comput Chem. 2012 Sep 15; 33(24):1960–6.) to include parallelization …

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Actants, Agents, And Assemblages: Delivery And Writing In An Age Of New Media, Steven Holmes May 2013

Actants, Agents, And Assemblages: Delivery And Writing In An Age Of New Media, Steven Holmes

All Dissertations

This dissertation redefines the rhetorical canon of delivery by drawing on interdisciplinary theories of technology and materiality, including hardware and software studies, assemblage theory, and actor-network theory. Rhetorical theorists and composition scholars have correctly equated the technological medium with delivery, but also have focused exclusively on the circulation of symbolic forces rather than the persuasive agency of technology itself, thus eliding the affordances and constraints posed by technological actors at the non-symbolic levels of hardware, software, protocol, and algorithms. I establish a historical precedent in classical theorists such as Demosthenes, Cicero, and Quintilian that acknowledges their understanding of the role …

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