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Foraging Ecology Of American Oystercatchers In The Cape Romain Region, South Carolina, Christine Hand Aug 2008

Foraging Ecology Of American Oystercatchers In The Cape Romain Region, South Carolina, Christine Hand

All Theses

During the nonbreeding season, the Cape Romain Region of South Carolina supports ca. one-sixth of the total population of the eastern race (palliatus) of the American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus), which consists of only ca. 11,000 individuals and appears to be declining. I compared the density, size, and orientation of the primary prey, Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and the foraging behaviors of adult American Oystercatchers among the three largest bays in the Cape Romain Region that American Oystercatchers used as foraging areas. Results indicated that prey size, prey orientation, and the foraging behaviors of American …

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Overnights Encourage Girls’ Interest In Science-Related Careers, Kimberly Christman, Sara Hankemeier, Jennifer Hunter, Johnna Jennings Aug 2008

Overnights Encourage Girls’ Interest In Science-Related Careers, Kimberly Christman, Sara Hankemeier, Jennifer Hunter, Johnna Jennings

Journal of Youth Development

With sell-out crowds and phenomenal research results, Science Siesta and Advanced Science Siesta are programs designed to change the traditional perceptions that girls have about science and science-related careers. Through hands-on science activities (in and out of the lab), and through working with local female scientists, girls who range from fourth to eighth grade are provided valuable opportunities to combat the stereotype that “girls can’t do science.” This article addresses the need to engage girls in science and explains “how-to” meet that need through the Science Siesta programs.

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Clemson Commencement Program, August 2008, Clemson University Aug 2008

Clemson Commencement Program, August 2008, Clemson University

Clemson Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

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2008 Summary Report On Institutional Effectiveness, Clemson University Aug 2008

2008 Summary Report On Institutional Effectiveness, Clemson University

Institutional Effectiveness Reports

No abstract provided.

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Evidence To Support The Use Of The Retrospective Pretest Method To Measure Dietary And Physical Activity Behavior And Self-Efficacy In Adolescents, Mical Kay Shilts, Dorothy Smith, Lenna Ontai, Marilyn Townsend Aug 2008

Evidence To Support The Use Of The Retrospective Pretest Method To Measure Dietary And Physical Activity Behavior And Self-Efficacy In Adolescents, Mical Kay Shilts, Dorothy Smith, Lenna Ontai, Marilyn Townsend

Journal of Youth Development

This study compared the retrospective pretest-posttest method to the traditional prospective pretest-posttest method assessing adolescents’ dietary and physical activity, self-efficacy and behaviors. Participants were 7th and 8th grade students at a rural K-8th grade elementary school in Northern California (n=188). All participants completed an evaluation instrument (traditional pretest), followed by a 9-lesson dietary and physical activity intervention. Upon completion of the intervention, participants completed a second and identical evaluation instrument which served as a traditional posttest. The following day, participants completed another evaluation tool, this time formatted as a retrospective pretest. Analysis included sample t tests comparing the means of …

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Online Travel Information Search Behaviors: An Information Foraging Perspective, Evan Jordan Jul 2008

Online Travel Information Search Behaviors: An Information Foraging Perspective, Evan Jordan

All Theses

Information search has been a topic of research for a multitude of studies across
several fields, including travel and tourism. However, information search on the internet,
especially in travel and tourism, has rarely been examined. As a result, this research was
undertaken to explore travel information search behaviors on the Internet.
This thesis uses information foraging theory (Pirolli & Card, 1999) as a basis to
examine online travel information search behaviors. In addition, other established
measures of online information search (Hodkinson, Kiel, & McColl-Kennedy, 2000)
were used to supplement findings based upon information foraging theory. Groups of
students from two …

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Endocrine And Follicular Dynamics During The Perideviation Period In Cattle, Morgan Krause Jul 2008

Endocrine And Follicular Dynamics During The Perideviation Period In Cattle, Morgan Krause

All Theses

Ovarian hyperstimulation used in conjunction with embryo transfer techniques is an assisted reproductive technology that aids cattle producers in reaching their reproductive, genetic, and financial goals; however, viable embryo recovery results are inconsistent, possibly because the reproductive endocrine profile is poorly understood. The objective of these experiments was to evaluate the endocrinological and ovarian dynamics surrounding follicular deviation in hyperstimulated cows.
In Experiment 1, the perideviation period (PDP; largest follicle diameter from 8 - 10- mm) was examined in Hyperstimulated (50 mg FSH) or Control (saline) dry Holstein cows (n = 4 / group). Daily blood samples began at the …

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Analysis Of Non Load Bearing Two Component (2k) Adhesives; Under The Automotive Hemming Process Variations; Thermogravimetric, Calorimetric And Composition Analyses, Kameswara Nara Jul 2008

Analysis Of Non Load Bearing Two Component (2k) Adhesives; Under The Automotive Hemming Process Variations; Thermogravimetric, Calorimetric And Composition Analyses, Kameswara Nara

All Theses

The work focuses on the analysis of non-load bearing, two component adhesives used in joining the automotive closures. The study is concerned with the thermo-gravimetric and the calorimetric attributes of the 2K adhesive. The study includes the impact of the robotic applicators capability, in terms of the mixing ratio between the resin and the hardener, and the mechanical mixing quality. A Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) procedure analyzes the adhesive chemical groups and tracks the growth and decay of the hydroxyl and epoxy peaks. Additionally, the cure-rate based on a reaction-type, is investigated through a Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The …

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Financial Impact Analysis Of Ipm With Conventional Sampling And Ipm With Binomial Sequential Sampling Method To Traditionally Operated Farms For Collards, 2007, Myra Clarisse Ferrer Jul 2008

Financial Impact Analysis Of Ipm With Conventional Sampling And Ipm With Binomial Sequential Sampling Method To Traditionally Operated Farms For Collards, 2007, Myra Clarisse Ferrer

All Theses

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) has been very successful in directing farming to a more environment-friendly production. However, the extent of its economic impact is an equally-important question. This study looks at the amounts of savings and potential market profitability of using IPM in South Carolina collard production considering alternative scouting methods. Conventional sampling (CS) and binomial sequential scouting method (SSM), a recently developed scouting system for traditionally operated collard farms are compared. SSM is geared towards a more economical execution of scouting without forfeiting the effectiveness of the process. Financial analysis specifically costs and returns methods and sensitivity analysis on …

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Investigation Of A Photosynthetically Aerated Cathode In A Mfc, Derek Little Jul 2008

Investigation Of A Photosynthetically Aerated Cathode In A Mfc, Derek Little

All Theses

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) creates an environment that facilitates the conversion of electron donor compounds into electrical current through the oxidizing powers of microbial growth. Within the anode of a MFC bacteria grow oxidizing organic compounds while in the cathode oxygen is reduced. The goal of a MFC is to achieve respiration under anaerobic conditions having electrodes serve as intermediate electron acceptor for bacteria in the anode and shuttle electrons through a circuit to the cathode reducing a terminal electron acceptor.
Waste from the biological production of hydrogen from agricultural peach was explored for use within the anode of …

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The Application Of Bacteriophage For The Elimination Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Compost, Spencer Heringa Jul 2008

The Application Of Bacteriophage For The Elimination Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Compost, Spencer Heringa

All Theses

The demand for organically grown produce is rapidly rising in the United States, resulting in a resurgence of natural fertilizers, such as animal waste, being used in agriculture. Currently, there are guidelines set by the USDA for the proper processing of fecal materials through composting; however food-borne illnesses associated with fresh-produce have become more and more common. Research is being conducted toward developing more effective treatments of fecal waste to reduce the survival of harmful bacteria. One possible form of treatment is through the use of bacteriophages that are able to 'seek and destroy' specific bacteria. The objectives of this …

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Experimental Framework For The Position Control Of Magnetic Microfibers, Sriram Ravindren Jul 2008

Experimental Framework For The Position Control Of Magnetic Microfibers, Sriram Ravindren

All Theses

Magnetic microfibers have been developed in recent years with potential applications to a large number of fields, from MEMS to microfluidics to bio-chemical analyses. Magnetic microfibers based on polymer material like polypropylene and cellulose has been developed at Clemson University that are hollow cylindrical filaments internally coated with superparamagnetic nanoparticles. This internal coating provides the fiber with magnetic properties that allow them to be externally controlled using magnetic fields from a distance. These fibers can align with the external magnetic fields under constraints imposed by elastic properties and boundary conditions. Current work in this field is primarily focused on the …

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Perceiving Aperture Widths During Teleoperation, Suzanne Butler Jul 2008

Perceiving Aperture Widths During Teleoperation, Suzanne Butler

All Theses

When teleoperating robots it is often difficult for operators to perceive aspects of remote environments within which they are working (Tittle, Roesler, & Woods, 2002). It is difficult to perceive the sizes of objects in remote environments and to determine if the robot can pass through apertures of various sizes (Casper & Murphy, 2003; Murphy 2004). The present experiment investigated whether remote perception could be improved by providing optic flow during robot movement or by positioning an on-board camera so that the forward portion the robot is in the camera's view. Participants judges the sizes of remote apertures viewed through …

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Sequencing, Sub-Cloning, Expression And Purification Of 2-Hydroxychromene-2-Carboxylate Isomerase From Sphingomonas Paucimobilis Epa505, Aaron Brown Jul 2008

Sequencing, Sub-Cloning, Expression And Purification Of 2-Hydroxychromene-2-Carboxylate Isomerase From Sphingomonas Paucimobilis Epa505, Aaron Brown

All Theses

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous toxic pollutants that are slow to degrade naturally and costly to remediate artificially. Several species of bacteria have been shown to degrade PAHs, including Sphingomonas paucimobilis EPA505. The aerobic bacterial catabolism of the PAH naphthalene has been studied in several PAH metabolizing bacteria but never in EPA505. This study addresses this deficiency by identifying and characterizing one of the genes for naphthalene metabolism--nahD. NahD codes for the enzyme 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate (HCCA) isomerase, which is the fourth of six enzymes in the upper catabolic pathway of naphthalene.
In this study, the gene nahD is identified …

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Loading Mechanics In Femora Of Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma Tigrinum) And Tegu Lizards (Tupinambis Merianae): Implications For The Evolution Of Limb Bone Design, Kathryn Wright Jul 2008

Loading Mechanics In Femora Of Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma Tigrinum) And Tegu Lizards (Tupinambis Merianae): Implications For The Evolution Of Limb Bone Design, Kathryn Wright

All Theses

The limb bones of tetrapods exhibit a wide range of shapes and sizes. Because locomotion is one of the most frequent and demanding behaviors in which limbs are used, this diversity in limb structure and design is frequently attributed to variation in the mechanical loading patterns that bones experience during locomotion. Limb bones are usually able to withstand loads much higher than they would normally experience before they fail. This margin of protection is known as a 'safety factor.' High safety factors would provide limb bones substantial insurance against failure, but could also make limb bones more costly to grow, …

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Real-Time Midi Performance Evaluation For Beginning Piano Students, David Duvall Jul 2008

Real-Time Midi Performance Evaluation For Beginning Piano Students, David Duvall

All Theses

MIDI is a standard digital protocol for the communication of musical events. In this paper, we examine the construction of a complex system to validate musical performance characteristics without compromising musical interpretation through the use and evaluation of MIDI messages. Beginning music students often have a difficult time translating written, musical characteristics to the correlating sound that they imply. Even though a teacher can effectively help a student through this learning process, the process can typically be slow, as evaluation of musical performances happens only once a week during a thirty minute lesson. Prior research has shown that a model, …

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Dendrimer Supramolecular Assembly For Gene Delivery, Karthikeyan Pasupathy Jul 2008

Dendrimer Supramolecular Assembly For Gene Delivery, Karthikeyan Pasupathy

All Theses

Dendrimers have found many applications in the fields of polymer science, biophysics, nanomedicine and the petroleum industry. Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) was studied as a model dendrimer and squalane as a model hydrocarbon. The interaction between PAMAM and squalane is pH dependent. Specifically, at low or neutral pH the squalane is found on the periphery of the PAMAM while at high pH the hydrocarbon is entrapped inside the PAMAM molecules.

Single-molecule fluorescence revealed that the interaction between PAMAM and squalane is reversible. At a pH value of 8, the time constants for the approaching, binding and dissociation of single PAMAM to squalane …

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An Examination Of The Motivations Of Sporting Event Volunteers At Clemson University, Blair Schuyler Jul 2008

An Examination Of The Motivations Of Sporting Event Volunteers At Clemson University, Blair Schuyler

All Theses

In 2006, The Corporation for National and Community Service partnered with the Bureau of Labor Statistics to add a volunteer section to the Current Population Survey (CPS) that is sent out to 60,000 households each year. That year it was reported that 61.2 million people volunteered their time, effort, and labor through or for an organization. An additional 5.3 million people did volunteer work informally through helping their communities. Organizations across the world, specifically sports organizations, rely heavily on volunteers for success. Volunteers at the 2004 Summer Olympics (45,000), based off the assumption of working a full 8 hour for …

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Breeding And Foraging Ecology Of American Oystercatchers In The Cape Romain Region, South Carolina, Janet Thibault Jul 2008

Breeding And Foraging Ecology Of American Oystercatchers In The Cape Romain Region, South Carolina, Janet Thibault

All Theses

The majority of American Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus) in South Carolina make their nests on narrow, elevated mounds of oyster shells deposited naturally along the edges of bays by storms or formed artificially by boat wakes along the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AICW). I compared reproductive success of American Oystercatchers nesting along the AICW with those nesting on naturally formed shell mounds in Bulls Bay within the Cape Romain Region of South Carolina during the breeding seasons of 2006 and 2007. I identified timing and causes of nest failure and attributes of re-nesting. Hatching success (15%) and productivity estimates (0.25 chicks per …

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Risedronate Prevents Early Bone Loss Resulting From Whole-Body Irradiation, Eric Livingston Jul 2008

Risedronate Prevents Early Bone Loss Resulting From Whole-Body Irradiation, Eric Livingston

All Theses

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by a reduction in bone strength resulting in an overall increase in the risk of fracture. There are many factors that contribute to the development of this condition, including ionizing radiation exposure. Declines in bone volume and trabecular micro-architecture have been found following exposure to multiple types of radiation. Past research has implicated reduction of osteoblast function and changes to vasculature as the primary sources of bone deterioration. Recently, an early increase in osteoclast number was observed following exposure to low-energy X-rays, identifying an increase in resorption as a possible cause and potential target for …

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Fecal Coliform Source Identification Using Chemical Tracers, Nicole Fahrenfeld Jul 2008

Fecal Coliform Source Identification Using Chemical Tracers, Nicole Fahrenfeld

All Theses

Fecal sterols and fluorinated whitening agents (FWA) were used as chemical tracers for fecal coliform source tracking in Cane and Little Cane creeks in Walhalla, SC. Fecal sterols were quantifiable in both stream sediments and suspended particulates using an extraction, clean-up, and analytical method modified from Isobe et al. (2002) with a N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) derivatization scheme. Only human sterol source identification ratios were able to be calculated using the chosen sterol suite. Human fecal signatures were seen in both the sediment and the water column at various points along both creeks, indicating human fecal pollution is contributing to the fecal …

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Manipulations Of Macrophage Activation Through Targeted Delivery Of Interferon Regulatory Factor Genes Mediated By Recombinant Adenovirus-Conjugated Zymosan, Mengmeng Zhang Jul 2008

Manipulations Of Macrophage Activation Through Targeted Delivery Of Interferon Regulatory Factor Genes Mediated By Recombinant Adenovirus-Conjugated Zymosan, Mengmeng Zhang

All Theses

According to the different phenotypes and distinct patterns of gene expression, macrophages can be subdivided into two types: M1 and M2. The M1 macrophages, which are activated through the classical pathway, have a proinflammatory characteristic, providing an in-front defense line against different kinds of pathogens as well as malignant cells. On the other hand, the M2 macrophages are immunosuppressive and instead can promote tumor growth and dissemination. The solid tumor tissues are often infiltrated with a large number of macrophages, the so-called tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs, which are polarized into M2 phenotype under the tumor microenvironment, promote tumor progression by …

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Investigation Of The Discharge Coefficient For Circular Orifices In Riser Pipes, David Prohaska Jul 2008

Investigation Of The Discharge Coefficient For Circular Orifices In Riser Pipes, David Prohaska

All Theses

The purpose of this study is to examine the discharge coefficient as it pertains to
flow through a circular orifice cut into a thin-walled vertical riser pipe. Perforated riser
pipes are a popular outlet control structure for stormwater detention basins. These
basins are used to store and release stormwater runoff from impervious areas of
developed sites. Federal, state, and local regulatory agencies provide requirements for
the quality of stormwater runoff, as well as the maximum peak discharges from a
developed site. Accurately determining the flow rate from a perforated vertical riser
pipe is crucial to meeting these requirements and protecting …

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Biomechanical Evaluation Of Two Methods Of Humeral Shaft Fixation, Joshua Catanzarite Jul 2008

Biomechanical Evaluation Of Two Methods Of Humeral Shaft Fixation, Joshua Catanzarite

All Theses

Biomechanical evaluations of fracture fixation devices attempt to determine implant performance by approximating the in vivo conditions. This performance is affected by many factors and relies on the complex bone-implant interface. Biomechanical tests can be designed in a variety of ways in order to evaluate device performance with respect to any number of these bone-implant interactions. Standardized tests, designed by groups such as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), are often designed either to determine the performance of a specific type of fixation device or for direct comparison between different devices. Additionally, many biomechanical evaluations are designed for …

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Autonomous Navigation And Mapping Using Monocular Low-Resolution Grayscale Vision, Vidya Murali Jul 2008

Autonomous Navigation And Mapping Using Monocular Low-Resolution Grayscale Vision, Vidya Murali

All Theses

Vision has been a powerful tool for navigation of intelligent and man-made systems ever since the cybernetics revolution in the 1970s. There have been two basic approaches to the navigation of computer controlled systems: The self-contained bottom-up development of sensorimotor abilities, namely perception and mobility, and the top-down approach, namely artificial intelligence, reasoning and knowledge based methods. The three-fold goal of autonomous exploration, mapping and localization of a mobile robot however, needs to be developed within a single framework. An algorithm is proposed to answer the challenges of autonomous corridor navigation and mapping by a mobile robot equipped with a …

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Optimization And Characterization Of Biodiesel Production From Cottonseed And Canola Oil, Hem Joshi Jun 2008

Optimization And Characterization Of Biodiesel Production From Cottonseed And Canola Oil, Hem Joshi

All Theses

Transesterification of cottonseed oil and canola oil was carried out using low molecular weight alcohols and potassium hydroxide. For cottonseed oil, a central composite design with eight factorial, six center and six axial points was used to study the effect of catalyst concentration, molar ratio of ethanol to cottonseed oil and reaction temperature on percentage yield and percentage initial absorbance (%A385nm) of the biodiesel. Catalyst concentration and molar ratio of ethanol to cottonseed oil were the most influential variables affecting percentage conversion and percentage initial absorbance. Maximum percentage yield of 98 % is predicted at a catalyst concentration of 1.07 …

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Forecasting Effects Of Sea‐Level Rise And Windstorms On Coastal And Inland Ecosystems, Charles S. Hopkinson, Ariel E. Lugo, Merryl Alber, Alan P. Covich, Skip J. Van Bloem Jun 2008

Forecasting Effects Of Sea‐Level Rise And Windstorms On Coastal And Inland Ecosystems, Charles S. Hopkinson, Ariel E. Lugo, Merryl Alber, Alan P. Covich, Skip J. Van Bloem

Publications

We identify a continental‐scale network of sites to evaluate how two aspects of climate change – sea‐level rise and intensification of windstorms – will influence the structure, function, and capacity of coastal and inland forest ecosystems to deliver ecosystem services (eg carbon sequestration, storm protection, pollution control, habitat support, food). The network consists of coastal wetland and inland forest sites across the US and is representative of continental‐level gradients of precipitation, temperature, vegetation, frequency of occurrence of major windstorms, value of insured properties, tidal range, watershed land use, and sediment availability. The network would provide real‐time measurements of the characteristics …

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June 2008 Jun 2008

June 2008

NASIG Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Radiation-Induced Osteoporosis: Bone Quantity, Architecture, And Increased Resorption Following Exposure To Ionizing Radiation, Jeffrey Willey May 2008

Radiation-Induced Osteoporosis: Bone Quantity, Architecture, And Increased Resorption Following Exposure To Ionizing Radiation, Jeffrey Willey

All Dissertations

Skeletal complications from radiation therapy have been described for breast, brain, pelvic, and blood cancers. These problems include atrophy, fractures, and osteoradionecrosis. Improved survivorship rates of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy increases the importance of understanding the causal mechanisms and long-term effects of radiation-induced bone loss. One such long-term effect is bone fractures following radiation therapy for cancer treatment. The incidence of hip fractures is significantly increased following targeted radiotherapy for cancer. This decline in bone health can have a severe impact on the patient's functional capabilities. This damage to bone following irradiation is thought to involve damage to both osteoblasts …

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Responses Of Upland Herpetofauna To The Restoration Of Carolina Bays And Thinning Of Forested Bay Margins, Joseph Ledvina May 2008

Responses Of Upland Herpetofauna To The Restoration Of Carolina Bays And Thinning Of Forested Bay Margins, Joseph Ledvina

All Theses

Research on the effects of wetland restoration on reptiles and amphibians is becoming more common, but almost all of these studies have observed the colonization of recently disturbed habitats that were completely dry at the time of restoration. In a similar manner, investigations herpetofaunal responses to forest management have focused on clearcuts, and less intensive stand manipulations are not as well studied. To evaluate community and population responses of reptiles and amphibians to hydrology restoration and canopy removal in the interior of previously degraded Carolina bays, I monitored herpetofauna in the uplands adjacent to six historically degraded Carolina bays in …

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