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A Novel Decision Support System For Optimized Sewer Infrastructure Asset Management, Ben Ward, Dragan A. Savić Aug 2014

A Novel Decision Support System For Optimized Sewer Infrastructure Asset Management, Ben Ward, Dragan A. Savić

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

This paper approaches the sewerage asset management challenge from a UK perspective by outlining a comprehensive methodology capable of optimising the performance of sewerage infrastructure networks using a series of Hydroinformatic tools. In order to define, evaluate and forecast the future performance of sewerage assets, a unique deterioration model is established to predict the future condition of the network. The model analyses historic CCTV survey information to identify deterioration trends based on key pipe characteristics. Against, this improved understanding of past, current and future condition, a collapse rate is predicted by correlating historic failures against the observed sewer condition profiles. …

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High Resolution Bathymetric Lidar Data To Hydraulic - Modelling A Mountain Stream By Bathymetric Lidar Data, Wolfgang Dobler, Frank Steinbacher, Ramona Baran, Markus Aufleger Aug 2014

High Resolution Bathymetric Lidar Data To Hydraulic - Modelling A Mountain Stream By Bathymetric Lidar Data, Wolfgang Dobler, Frank Steinbacher, Ramona Baran, Markus Aufleger

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Knowledge about the hydraulic situation in a mountain torrent is relevant to quantify flood risks, to study sediment transport and to assess the waterbodies’ ecology. To conduct reliable calculations, high-quality terrain data of riverbeds, riverbanks and floodplains are required. Typically, digital terrain models (DTMs) of floodplains are derived from classical airborne laserscanning (red wavelength) together with terrestrial surveys along riverbeds and riverbanks. Usually these are restricted to a limited number of cross sections. The terrestrial surveys are necessary because those laser systems cannot penetrate through the water column of the observed waterbodies. Consequently, data for the geometry of riverbeds and …

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Quantification Of Rainfall Forecast Uncertainty And Its Impact On Flood Forecasting, Niels Van Steenbergen, Patrick Willems Aug 2014

Quantification Of Rainfall Forecast Uncertainty And Its Impact On Flood Forecasting, Niels Van Steenbergen, Patrick Willems

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Rainfall forecast errors are considered to be the key source of uncertainty in flood forecasting. To quantify the rainfall forecast uncertainty itself and its impact on the total flood forecast uncertainty, a Monte-Carlo based statistical method has been developed. This method takes into account the dependency of the rainfall forecast error with the lead time and the rainfall amount. The forecasted rainfall errors are described by truncated normal distributions, allowing to quantify the full uncertainty distribution of the deterministic rainfall forecast. By means of Monte-Carlo sampling and taking the forecast error autocorrelation into account, the impact of the rainfall forecast …

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Experimental Investigation Of Flow-Interactions Between Above And Below Ground Drainage Systems Through A Manhole, Matteo Rubinato, James Shucksmith, Adrian J. Saul Aug 2014

Experimental Investigation Of Flow-Interactions Between Above And Below Ground Drainage Systems Through A Manhole, Matteo Rubinato, James Shucksmith, Adrian J. Saul

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

The frequency, magnitude and impact of pluvial flooding events both in the UK and worldwide is forecast to increase due to: climate change (Butler and Davies 2011), the effects of urbanisation and urban creep (Semadeni‐Davies et al 2008) as well as aging drainage infrastructure (Ashley et al. 2004). Pluvial flood models (e.g. Leandro et al. 2008) are increasingly being used to assess flood risk, develop asset investment strategies and develop surface water management plans. However due to the nature of urban flood events, it is very difficult to calibrate and validate such pluvial flood models. In particular the rate of …

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Using The Improved Magnitude Method To Forecast Damage Level Caused By Typhoon 9918, Ryusuke Hashimura Aug 2014

Using The Improved Magnitude Method To Forecast Damage Level Caused By Typhoon 9918, Ryusuke Hashimura

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

In 1999, Typhoon 9918 struck Kyushu Island, which is located in Western Japan. The maximum anomaly storm tide was estimated to be about 3 m along a coast. Due to the storm surge and wind waves the typhoon caused enormous damage to maritime structures. In this paper, the number of damage cases of maritime structures along the coastline caused by Typhoon 9918 is estimated by using the so-called Magnitude Method. The Magnitude Method is defined based on the maximum wind speed near the center and the size of the typhoon at a latitude of 30° N. The size of the …

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Overcoming Hurdles In Real Time Modeling, Thomas Walski Aug 2014

Overcoming Hurdles In Real Time Modeling, Thomas Walski

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Real time modeling and control sounds easy. Get data from the SCADA system, run the appropriate model and push the results back to the controls. What could be difficult about that? Plenty. Anyone attempting to do this work probably has run into some of the institutional, technical and personal hurdles in actually making this sort of system work. This paper will discuss the hurdles and ways to deal with them. The most daunting hurdle is that of security. Most modeling happens on computers connected to the internet. Water utility managers are justifiably terrified of all the bad things that lurk …

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Analyzing And Modelling Sewage Discharge Process Of Typical Area Using Time Series Analysis Method, Sisi Zhou, Pengfei Du, Yong Pang, Shuyi Li Aug 2014

Analyzing And Modelling Sewage Discharge Process Of Typical Area Using Time Series Analysis Method, Sisi Zhou, Pengfei Du, Yong Pang, Shuyi Li

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

This study is conducted to develop a mathematical model for typical sewage discharge area like residential area, commercial district and institutional area. An approach of time series analysis is applied to build the model involving model selection, parameter estimation, simulation and prediction. The description of sewage discharge process is divided into two parts: Periodic change and stationary random process. Periodic change process is simulated by harmonic analysis which composites a number of trigonometric function together. Stationary random process is described using Stationary time series including six steps: stationary test of the series; calculation of autocorrelation function and partial autocorrelation function …

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Determining The Uncertainty Of The Water Level Residue Of A Numerical Model In The Malacca Strait, Serene Hui Xin Tay, Seng Keat Ooi, Vladan Babovic Aug 2014

Determining The Uncertainty Of The Water Level Residue Of A Numerical Model In The Malacca Strait, Serene Hui Xin Tay, Seng Keat Ooi, Vladan Babovic

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Geographically located between the Andaman Sea and the South China Sea, the water level in the Malacca Strait is indirectly driven by the tide of the two oceans: Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. With use of numerical models the tidal variations should be well represented in this area. However, when the model’s tidal representation is compared to the actual measurement of local coastal tidal gauges, the observed water level difference amount to more than +/- 30 cm. Based on a 15 years long time series of water level residuals (between 1992 to 2006), it is found that an annual seasonal …

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Self-Organizing Maps For Knowledge Discovery From Corporate Databases To Develop Risk Based Prioritization For Stagnation, Stephen Robert Mounce, Rebecca Sharpe, Vanessa Speight, Barrie Holden, Joby Boxall Aug 2014

Self-Organizing Maps For Knowledge Discovery From Corporate Databases To Develop Risk Based Prioritization For Stagnation, Stephen Robert Mounce, Rebecca Sharpe, Vanessa Speight, Barrie Holden, Joby Boxall

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Stagnation or low turnover of water within water distribution systems may result in water quality issues, even for relatively short durations of stagnation / low turnover if other factors such as deteriorated aging pipe infrastructure are present. As leakage management strategies, including the creation of smaller pressure management zones, are implemented increasingly more dead ends are being created within networks and hence potentially there is an increasing risk to water quality due to stagnation / low turnover. This paper presents results of applying data driven tools to the large corporate databases maintained by UK water companies. These databases include multiple …

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Case-Based Reasoning Approach For Managing Water Quality Incidents In Distribution Systems, Stephen Robert Mounce, Richard Mounce, Joby Boxall Aug 2014

Case-Based Reasoning Approach For Managing Water Quality Incidents In Distribution Systems, Stephen Robert Mounce, Richard Mounce, Joby Boxall

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Access to safe drinking water is universally considered as a fundamental human right and customers regard a reliable supply of safe, clean water as the most important aspect of the water supply service. However, water quality failures do occur, with some of the hardest to understand and manage occurring within distribution systems. In the UK, a regulatory process is applied in which water companies must report on significant water quality incidents, their causes, actions, responses, and outcomes. The Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI) assesses these reports on an annual basis and their findings are made publically available. It is hypothesised here …

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Challenges In The Simultaneous Development And Deployment Of A Large Integrated Modelling System, Matthew Paul Stenson, Peter Fitch, Dave Penton, Jamie Vleeshouwer, Ben Leighton, Jean-Michel Perraud, Garth Warren, Daniel Collins Aug 2014

Challenges In The Simultaneous Development And Deployment Of A Large Integrated Modelling System, Matthew Paul Stenson, Peter Fitch, Dave Penton, Jamie Vleeshouwer, Ben Leighton, Jean-Michel Perraud, Garth Warren, Daniel Collins

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Many of our natural resource management issues cannot be adequately informed by a single discipline or sub-discipline, and require an integration of information from multiple natural and human systems. As we are unable to observe and monitor more than a few important indicators there is a strong reliance on supplementing observed information with modelled information. Following a period of record drought in the 1990’s, the Australian government recognised the need for better quality, more integrated, and nationally consistent water information. The Australian Water Resources Assessment system (AWRA) is an integrated hydrological modelling system developed by CSIRO and Australian Bureau of …

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Comparison Of Three Methods For Spatial Distribution Of Error-Correction Algorithms, Xuan Wang, Vladan Babovic Aug 2014

Comparison Of Three Methods For Spatial Distribution Of Error-Correction Algorithms, Xuan Wang, Vladan Babovic

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Data assimilation is a useful tool to correct the discrepancies of numerical model results by extracting reliable information from observed data. One of popular data assimilation techniques is the spatial distribution based on error-correction, since it can address the challenge when number of monitoring stations is limited. Current research only focuses on the estimation of spatial distribution pattern, or the improvement of the competence of different spatial distribution methods, but lacks the comparison either in their characteristics or in the performances. In this study, we compared three different approaches, Kriging, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and inter-model correlation inspired by Kalman …

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Predicting Baseflow Using Genetic Programing, Ali Meshgi, Petra Schmitter, Vladan Babovic, Ting Fong May Chui Aug 2014

Predicting Baseflow Using Genetic Programing, Ali Meshgi, Petra Schmitter, Vladan Babovic, Ting Fong May Chui

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Developing reliable methods to estimate baseflow has been a subject of research interest over the past decades due to its importance in catchment response and sustainable watershed management (e.g. ground water recharge vs. extraction). Limitations and complexities of existing methods have been addressed by a number of researchers. For instance, physically based numerical models are complex, requiring substantial computational time and data which may not be always available. Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools such as Genetic Programming (GP) have been used widely to reduce the challenges associated with complex hydrological systems without losing the physical meanings. However, up to date, in …

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Ripost: A River Pollution Simulation Tool To Anticipate The Consequence Of Accidental Spills, Emma Florens, François Thouvenel, Johann Mazzella, Thomas Thouvenot, Emmanuel Soyeux Aug 2014

Ripost: A River Pollution Simulation Tool To Anticipate The Consequence Of Accidental Spills, Emma Florens, François Thouvenel, Johann Mazzella, Thomas Thouvenot, Emmanuel Soyeux

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Accidental pollutant spills are frequent and their impact on water uses downstream difficult to assess precisely in the framework of a crisis management. Therefore, a specific tool, named RIPOST, dedicated to drinking water treatment plant operators was developed to anticipate the consequence of a spill upstream the plant intake. As a decision support tool, RIPOST had to fulfil operational needs: ease of use for operators, quick calculation and providing key information for decision making. A new numerical pollutant spill and transport model has been developed by using integrated Eulerian method under the Telemac 2D software instead of the 1D model …

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Merging Top-View Lidar Data With Street-View Sfm Data To Enhance Urban Flood Simulation, Vorawit Meesuk, Zoran Vojinović, Arthur E. Mynett Aug 2014

Merging Top-View Lidar Data With Street-View Sfm Data To Enhance Urban Flood Simulation, Vorawit Meesuk, Zoran Vojinović, Arthur E. Mynett

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Top-view data obtainedfrom LiDAR systemshas long been used as topographic-input data for urban flood modelling applications. This high-resolution input data has considerable potential to improve urban flood modelling predictions with more detail. However, the difficulty of employing top-view data is that it may create some missing urban features because this type ofdata cannot represent anyurban features,which are hiddenunderneath other objects. These hidden featuresmay play a substantial part in diverting floodwater flowing through,especially in complex urban areas. The recent advances in Photogrammetry and Computer Vision techniques offer an opportunity to create high-resolution topographic data. By using a consumer digital camera,2Ddigital photoscan …

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Benefits Of A Surveillance And Response System (Srs) Dashboard - The Philadelphia Water Department Experience, Yakir Hasit, John Vogtman Aug 2014

Benefits Of A Surveillance And Response System (Srs) Dashboard - The Philadelphia Water Department Experience, Yakir Hasit, John Vogtman

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

The Philadelphia Water Department (PWD) developed a comprehensive Surveillance and Response System (SRS) (formerly Contamination Warning System) for its drinking water system under a Water Security initiative grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. A full-scale SRS is comprised of four monitoring/surveillance components – online water quality monitoring (OWQM), enhanced security monitoring, consumer complaint surveillance, and public health surveillance, and two response components – consequence management and sampling and analysis. The integration of multiple information streams is a core element of an SRS. Taken separately, each surveillance component provides its own set of event triggers that have value for event …

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Sustainability Of Dual Water Distribution Systems For Fire Flow Condition, Nazli Yonca Aydin, Larry Mays, Theo G. Schmitt Aug 2014

Sustainability Of Dual Water Distribution Systems For Fire Flow Condition, Nazli Yonca Aydin, Larry Mays, Theo G. Schmitt

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

The objective of this study is to compare the sustainability of current water systems when a dual water distribution system (WDS) is used for the non-potable water purposes of fire protection, irrigation, and toilet flushing. Sustainability of urban WDS is evaluated in terms of hydraulic efficiency and water quality. The first step is to assess sustainability of an example urban WDS by using sustainability index (SI). The SI is measured by reliability, resiliency, and vulnerability performance indices. Pressure and water age are selected as main parameters to determine sustainability. Once the SIs for pressure and water age are calculated by …

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Environmental Data Store: Design And Implementation, Peng Ji, Michael Piasecki Aug 2014

Environmental Data Store: Design And Implementation, Peng Ji, Michael Piasecki

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

In this paper we present the design and implementation of Environmental data store (EDS). We also highlight the Environmental Thesaurus Server (EnvThs), a standalone web application developed by us, providing semantic support on submission and search within EDS. With the rapid growth in data volumes, data diversity and data demands from multi-disciplinary research effort, data management and exploitation are increasingly facing significant challenges for environmental scientific community. We describe Environmental data store (EDS), a system we are developing that is a web-based system following an open source implementation to manage and exploit multi-data-type environmental data. EDS provides repository services for …

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Visual Analytics Clarify The Scalability And Effectiveness Of Massively Parallel Many-Objective Optimization: A Groundwater Monitoring Design Example, Patrick M. Reed Aug 2014

Visual Analytics Clarify The Scalability And Effectiveness Of Massively Parallel Many-Objective Optimization: A Groundwater Monitoring Design Example, Patrick M. Reed

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

In this study, we contribute a comprehensive assessment of massively parallel multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA)-based search using a highly challenging optimization—assimilation application. The application focuses on a four objective groundwater monitoring application in which parallel scalability is tested across compute core counts ranging from 64 to a maximum of 8192. Our many-objective visual analytics framework clarifies how to assess and attain highly effective search on large scale high-performance computing systems. Moreover, our results also refute the common assumption that adding objectives in many-objective evolutionary optimization will always increase the computational difficulty of a problem. Our results agree with prior theoretical …

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Hydrolapse Videography: A Coupled Hydroinformatic Stack For Improved Visual Assessment Of River Dynamics, Joshua Viers, Nicholas Santos Aug 2014

Hydrolapse Videography: A Coupled Hydroinformatic Stack For Improved Visual Assessment Of River Dynamics, Joshua Viers, Nicholas Santos

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

A central problem for managers of river ecosystems is understanding hydrodynamics in an intelligible fashion for effective decision-making. Too often decisions are based on some combination of incomplete hydrologic time series, poorly parameterized models, photographic snapshots of the place in question, and human imagination. Because river ecosystems are dynamic, with ever changing physical dimensions, inferences are made to make up for unknowns, which remain knowledge gaps. This is particularly true in the pursuit of ecogeomorphology, which seeks to understand the interplay between physical processes and ecological responses in river systems over time. Increasing deployment of affordable sensors, however, is beginning …

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Model Prediction Control For Water Management Using Adaptive Prediction Accuracy, Xin Tian, Rudy Negenborn, Peter-Jules Van Overloop, Erik Mostert Aug 2014

Model Prediction Control For Water Management Using Adaptive Prediction Accuracy, Xin Tian, Rudy Negenborn, Peter-Jules Van Overloop, Erik Mostert

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

In the field of operational water management, Model Predictive Control (MPC) has gained popularity owing to its versatility and flexibility. The MPC controller, which takes predictions, time delay and uncertainties into account, can be designed for multi-objective management problems and for large-scale systems. Nonetheless, a critical obstacle, which needs to be overcome in MPC, is the large computational burden when a large-scale system is considered or a long prediction horizon is involved. In order to solve this problem, we use an adaptive prediction accuracy (APA) approach that can reduce the computational burden almost by half. The proposed MPC scheme with …

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An Information Model For Exchanging Hydrological Rating Tables, Peter Taylor, Paul Sheahan, Stuart Hamilton, David Briar, Matthew J. Fry, Michael Natschke, David Valentine, Gavin Walker Aug 2014

An Information Model For Exchanging Hydrological Rating Tables, Peter Taylor, Paul Sheahan, Stuart Hamilton, David Briar, Matthew J. Fry, Michael Natschke, David Valentine, Gavin Walker

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Many hydrological data systems provide Internet access to observational and processed data in various forms, from websites to web services. This data is generally described with basic metadata, such as units, names of measured variables, spatial coordinates, and so on. This metadata is largely suitable for further analysis or ingestion into hydrological models. However, when the data has been processed through many – potentially complex – steps, more information is required to give users details of implicit assumptions, inaccuracies, or uncertainties that may have been introduced. A common example of this within hydrology is the use of ratings tables to …

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Risk Based Analysis For Assessment Of Integrated Urban Water System Watermet2 Model: A Case Study Of Oslo, Rita Maria Ugarelli, Kourosh Behzadian, Maria Ceu Almeida, Tonino Liserra, Patrick Smeets, Zoran Kapelan Aug 2014

Risk Based Analysis For Assessment Of Integrated Urban Water System Watermet2 Model: A Case Study Of Oslo, Rita Maria Ugarelli, Kourosh Behzadian, Maria Ceu Almeida, Tonino Liserra, Patrick Smeets, Zoran Kapelan

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Integrated urban water systems (IUWSs) generally comprise the components related to both water supply and waste water systems. These components are subject to uncertainty in terms of operation, management and information. Hence, assessment of strategies in the IUWSs over the planning horizon should include such a risk analysis of these uncertainties. Owning to the complexity of these risks, a comprehensive risk assessment tool needs to be developed. In this paper, a risk assessment tool is presented to support the evaluation of intervention strategies in an IUWS over a planning horizon. The IUWS is modelled by “WaterMet2” which is a simulation, …

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An Integrated Approach To Simulate Flooding Due To River Dike Breach, Yohannis Birhanu Tadesse, Peter Fröhle Aug 2014

An Integrated Approach To Simulate Flooding Due To River Dike Breach, Yohannis Birhanu Tadesse, Peter Fröhle

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

This paper presents an integrated approach that enables the simultaneous modeling of dike breaching process and flood propagation. The dike breaching process is modelled with a simple breach model implemented into a 2-dimensional hydrodynamic flood model – Telemac2D. Telemac2D models the propagation of the arising flood into the hinterland. The breach model generalizes dike breaching process in two general stages. In the first stage, dike breaching is predominantly vertical with limited lateral breach growth; and in the second stage breach grows only laterally. The breach model requires breach location, breach duration, and length and axis of dike affected by the …

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On The Importance Of Remote Sensing Data To Validate A Distributed Dynamic Vegetation Model Applied To A Semi-Arid Basin, Félix Francés, Guiomar Ruiz-Pérez, Marta Pasquato, Chiara Medici, María González-Sanchis, Tarcísio J. G. Fernandes, Antonio Molina, Antonio D. Del Campo Aug 2014

On The Importance Of Remote Sensing Data To Validate A Distributed Dynamic Vegetation Model Applied To A Semi-Arid Basin, Félix Francés, Guiomar Ruiz-Pérez, Marta Pasquato, Chiara Medici, María González-Sanchis, Tarcísio J. G. Fernandes, Antonio Molina, Antonio D. Del Campo

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Efforts to better understand the components of catchments’ water balance have traditionally been one of the objectives of the hydrological community. Very few hydrological models incorporate vegetation development as state variable. This is beginning to change with the recognition by the hydrological community that biological processes play a key role in catchment’s water balance. In addition, some studies confirm that vegetation density controls most of hydrological processes in semi-arid regions. However, the most of the dynamic vegetation models are too complex to be coupled with hydrological models and they incorporate variables and inputs which are difficult to be estimated across …

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Optimal Design Of Network Partitioning For Water Distribution System Protection From Intentional Contamination, Nardo Armando Di, Michele Di Natale, Dino Musmarra, Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso, Velitchko Tzatchkov, Victor Hugo Alcocer Yamanaka Aug 2014

Optimal Design Of Network Partitioning For Water Distribution System Protection From Intentional Contamination, Nardo Armando Di, Michele Di Natale, Dino Musmarra, Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso, Velitchko Tzatchkov, Victor Hugo Alcocer Yamanaka

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

The intentional contamination of water distribution systems represents one of the major risks for citizens, consequently after 11th September 2001 many international organizations have been concerned about it. The availability at low cost of new monitoring and management devices, controlled by a remote system, allows to define different layouts of the water network in a new paradigm of dynamic layouts of water distribution systems in which an important role is played by water network partitioning and sectorization. Recently the advantages of these techniques have been investigated to analyse their application to the problem of water network protection from the contamination. …

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A Complex Adaptive Systems Approach To Simulate Interactions Among Water Resources, Decision-Makers, And Consumers And Assess Urban Water Sustainability, Alireza Mashhadi Ali, M. Ehsan Shafiee, Sankarasubramanian Arumugam, Emily Zechman Berglund Aug 2014

A Complex Adaptive Systems Approach To Simulate Interactions Among Water Resources, Decision-Makers, And Consumers And Assess Urban Water Sustainability, Alireza Mashhadi Ali, M. Ehsan Shafiee, Sankarasubramanian Arumugam, Emily Zechman Berglund

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

The balance between water supply and demand for urban water resources is threatened by population growth, land use changes, and climate change. Interactions among environmental resources, infrastructure, societal norms, and management decisions create complexity and increase the unpredictability of the dynamics of water availability. This research develops a sociotechnical framework to simulate interactions among technical and social systems and assess urban water sustainability. An agent-based model (ABM) is implemented to simulate a community of heterogeneous households as agents. The ABM is coupled with a hydrological watershed model, a water reservoir model, and climate change projections. The increase in the number …

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Uncertainty, Flexibility And Design: Real-Options-Based Assessment Of Urban Blue Green Infrastructure, Vladan Babovic Aug 2014

Uncertainty, Flexibility And Design: Real-Options-Based Assessment Of Urban Blue Green Infrastructure, Vladan Babovic

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Climate change and rapid urbanization requires a new long-term forward assessment of sustainable urban water management projects. This challenge is further complicated by difficulties of assessing sustainable designs and various design scenarios from an economic standpoint. A conventional approach for economic assessment of urban water management projects, such as Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) analysis, fails to account for uncertainties associated with rainfall intensities, thermal stresses, as well as other uncertainties associated with future changes in technological domains. Such an approach also fails to include the value of flexibility, which enables managers to adapt and reconfigure systems over time as uncertainty …

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Vikor Application For Climate Change Adaptation Strategies Under Uncertain Environments, Yeonjoo Kim, Eun-Sung Chung, Minwoo Son Aug 2014

Vikor Application For Climate Change Adaptation Strategies Under Uncertain Environments, Yeonjoo Kim, Eun-Sung Chung, Minwoo Son

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

This study developed a decision making frame for climate change adaptation strategies under an uncertain environment. We developed a VIKOR-based procedure, providing a compromise solution with the objective weights of multiple climate change scenarios. We chose a watershed in South Korea and established adaptation alternatives of using the effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in potential sub-watersheds to improve the water quantity and quality situations. Under multiple climate scenarios, the environmental and hydrologic responses of treated wastewater (TWW) use were determined with a hydrologic model and the results were used to derive the sustainability scores of TWW reuse. Finally, sustainability …

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Stability Criterion For A Flooded Human Body Under Various Ground Slopes, Junqiang Xia, Roger Falconer, Peng Guo, Anchuan Gu Aug 2014

Stability Criterion For A Flooded Human Body Under Various Ground Slopes, Junqiang Xia, Roger Falconer, Peng Guo, Anchuan Gu

International Conference on Hydroinformatics

Extreme flood events often lead to heavy casualties, with flood risk to humans varying with the flow conditions, the body attributes, and the ground slopes. Therefore, it is important to propose an appropriate stability criterion for a flooded human body under various ground slopes. In this study, a formula for the incipient velocity of a flooded human body at toppling instability was derived, based on a mechanics-based analysis. The effect of body buoyancy and the influence of a non-uniform upstream velocity profile acting on the flooded human body under a sloping ground were considered in the formula derivation. 186 tests …

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