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On Ways Of Strengthening Development Of China's Science And Technology In Life Sciences And Healthcare, Zhou Qi May 2017

On Ways Of Strengthening Development Of China's Science And Technology In Life Sciences And Healthcare, Zhou Qi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The strategy of strengthening the development of science and technology in China has pointed out the direction for the great rejuvenation of the nation. In this paper, we review some important aspects that had been learned during conducting the stem cell and regenerative research of the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, including scientific planning and decision making, management of scientific project, transfer of technology, and building up innovative research environment. It is also shared the ideas on how to strengthen China's innovation and development in science and technology in life sciences and healthcare, and we …

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Scientific And Technological Power Must Be Rooted In Fertile Soil Of Basic Research, Zhang Xian-En May 2017

Scientific And Technological Power Must Be Rooted In Fertile Soil Of Basic Research, Zhang Xian-En

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

This paper discusses the role of basic research in building a scientific and technological power. Inner links between science development, technology revolution, civilization and powers, and the influence of science and civilization on mass innovation are elaborated. Overall behavior and contributions of the Chinese scientists in recent decades are evaluated by measuring the research output based on bibliometric analysis. The conclusion is that China has achieved remarkable progress in science, and is marching on the way towards the new power. Finally, policy measures are suggested to compensate for a few of weaknesses that might be impediments to science blooming.

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Development Of Space Science Is One Of The Most Important Means For Building Up The World Power In Science And Technology, Wu Ji May 2017

Development Of Space Science Is One Of The Most Important Means For Building Up The World Power In Science And Technology, Wu Ji

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In May last year, President Xi Jinping has established a three-step national goal for China, i.e., in about 2050, China should become a world power in science and technology. To realize this goal, breakthroughs in the area of fundamental research are crucial. However, for a long time, as a developing country, China's national efforts have focused on applied objectives only. In the case of space developments, application satellites for weather forecast and telecommunications have been given more attention. Space science had much less chance to have its own satellite. Scientists have been using data from the science satellites of other …

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Innovation Development: Way To Build China A Major S&T Power, Mu Rongping, Fan Yonggang, Wen Hao May 2017

Innovation Development: Way To Build China A Major S&T Power, Mu Rongping, Fan Yonggang, Wen Hao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The 'Three Steps' strategy of building China a major S & T power by 2050 is the top guideline of science, technology, and innovation development in China. By summarizing the historical evolution of those generally recognized major S & T powers, this article argues that there are multiple possible ways a country evolving into a major S & T power, from the perspective of economic development, social progress, talent pool, S & T revolution opportunities, and so on. By analyzing the basis, problems, and situation of building China a major S & T power from the view of S & …

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Young S & T Talents As Innovation Pioneers Need To Strive For World Science And Technology Power Construction, Lü Jinhu, Liu Tianxing, Chen Jingzhi May 2017

Young S & T Talents As Innovation Pioneers Need To Strive For World Science And Technology Power Construction, Lü Jinhu, Liu Tianxing, Chen Jingzhi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

On May 30, 2016, Chairman Xi called on Striving for World Science and Technology Power Construction and suggested to achieve that goal through 3 steps. This paper analysis that Young S & T Talents are important during the World Science and Technology Power Construction. This China's National Strategy also supplies a huge opportunity for all young scientists. Young Scientists should be pioneers bravely. This paper also analysis Young S & T Talents how to make their efforts to contribute the World Science and Technology Power Construction.

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Enterprises Play Important Role In Construction Of World Science And Technology Power In China, Cui Shufeng, Yang Silei, Cao Shenshen May 2017

Enterprises Play Important Role In Construction Of World Science And Technology Power In China, Cui Shufeng, Yang Silei, Cao Shenshen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

"The Outline of National Innovation-driven Development Strategy" puts forward a task that China became the world's scientific and technological power in its 100th anniversary. To this end, the whole country has set up a boom in the construction of the world's scientific and technological powers. Enterprises are even more duty-bounded. In order to achieve this strategic goal, enterprises must put scientific and technological innovation first and foremost in the longterm development. In the process of development, Tencent has always put scientific and technological innovation first, and has taken a series of measures to achieve the results. Finally, this paper puts …

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Lift Mysterious Veil Of Soil Virus:'Dark Matter'of Soil Biota, Wang Guanghua May 2017

Lift Mysterious Veil Of Soil Virus:'Dark Matter'of Soil Biota, Wang Guanghua

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on the Earth, they play important roles in altering their host community structures, driving global biogeochemical cycles, and promoting the biological evolution. Viruses are commonly regarded as'dark matter'of biota. Recently, the researches on viral ecology are progressing rapidly in marine environments, while the corresponding studies in terrestrial ecosystem especially in soil environments were largely lagged. In this paper, the recent research progress on soil virus, such as viral abundance, morphological and genetic diversity, research methodology, and ecological functions were briefly reviewed from the viewpoint of ecology. The purpose of this paper aims at …

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Comparative Study On Science And Technology Innovation Policy-Making And Advisory System, Wan Jinbo, Xie Guangfeng, Lin Hui, Zhao Lanxiang May 2017

Comparative Study On Science And Technology Innovation Policy-Making And Advisory System, Wan Jinbo, Xie Guangfeng, Lin Hui, Zhao Lanxiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Based on the summarization of the concept and research development of science and technology innovation (STI) policy-making and advisory system, this article takes the current status and framework of STI policy-making and advisory system in developed countries as the base line to analyze their quotable experiences. To meet the demand of establishing the STI policy-making and advisory institutions in China, policy suggestions are provided in terms of setting up and refining the STI policy-making and advisory system, including developing national leading organization for macro STI policy-making, reducing functional duplication of governmental innovation management, establishing statelevel STI policy-making and advisory bodies …

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Study Of Agenda-Setting Model Of Science And Technology Policies Affected By Think-Tank In China, Yuan Zhibin May 2017

Study Of Agenda-Setting Model Of Science And Technology Policies Affected By Think-Tank In China, Yuan Zhibin

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Government resources are always limited. Therefore, before the policies formulating, government have to make choices to decide and sort the priority. So, the agenda-setting is key point in the policies process. According to the types of agenda-setting models of science and technology policies including close model, mobilization model, internal reference model, leveraging model, letter model, and external pressure model, it was put forward that currently agenda-setting model of science and technology policies in China is internal reference model as principal (this is mainly because the vast majority of science and technology policies decision-making content is very professional), leveraging as supplement …

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Green Consumption: Research Based On Material Flow And Consumption Efficiency, Zhu Dajian May 2017

Green Consumption: Research Based On Material Flow And Consumption Efficiency, Zhu Dajian

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the last two decades, theories and practice of green production have been systematically developed in China, while studies and practice of green consumption has seldom been examined in the relative sense. This study aims to analyze green consumption through three relevant and systematic aspects from the perspective of material flow and consumption efficiency. It is emphasized that, on the why issue of green consumption, the consumption level will become the main factor impacting on resource and environment after the stability of populations and the great improvement of technical efficiency; on the what issue, the research focus should be on …

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China Soil Microbiome Initiative: Progress And Perspective, Zhu Yongguan, Shen Renfang, He Jizheng, Wang Yanfen, Han Xingguo, Jia Zhongjun May 2017

China Soil Microbiome Initiative: Progress And Perspective, Zhu Yongguan, Shen Renfang, He Jizheng, Wang Yanfen, Han Xingguo, Jia Zhongjun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the past three decades, soil microbiology has emerged as a hotspot for transdisciplinary integration of earth science and life science. The remarkable diversity and vast number of microbes in soil are termed microbial engine being primarily responsible for the global cycling of the key elements on earth. Ironically, it is estimated that the majority of these tiny organisms remains unknown, and these untapped resources are defined as microbial dark matters. Collectively, these countless microbes and their physiochemical soil environments are considered as soil microbiome, which has attracted huge attention across a wide range of fields including sustainable agriculture, high-tech …

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Interactions Between Above-And Below-Ground Organisms For Nutrient-Efficient Utilization, Shen Renfang, Sun Bo, Shi Weiming, Zhao Xueqiang May 2017

Interactions Between Above-And Below-Ground Organisms For Nutrient-Efficient Utilization, Shen Renfang, Sun Bo, Shi Weiming, Zhao Xueqiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The improvement of nutrient use efficiency is the double demanding for both food and environmental safety. In the below-ground, there are large amount of various organisms including plant roots, microbes, and animals. The below-ground organisms are involved in the mobilization, transformation, uptake and transport of nutrients, being the main driver of the above-ground productivity and nutrient use efficiency. This review summarized four aspects of research progresses: (1) biologically signaling basis and nutrient transformation in soil-root-microbe interfaces; (2) microbial community composition and nutrient transformation; (3) plant roots and nutrient-efficient uptake; (4) microbes and nutrient-efficient acquisition by roots. Based on these progresses, …

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Current Status And Development Trend Of Soil Microbial Biogeography, Chu Haiyan, Wang Yanfen, Shi Yu, Lyu Xiaotao, Zhu Yongguan, Han Xingguo May 2017

Current Status And Development Trend Of Soil Microbial Biogeography, Chu Haiyan, Wang Yanfen, Shi Yu, Lyu Xiaotao, Zhu Yongguan, Han Xingguo

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Soil microbial biogeography is to study the spatial distribution pattern of soil microorganisms and their changes over time. Soil microbial biogeographical study can help to find out unknown biological resources in soils, to understand the mechanisms of formation and maintenance of microbial diversity in soils, and to predict the evolutional direction of terrestrial ecosystem functioning. Since the vast majority of soil microorganisms cannot be cultivated and the techniques for microbial community analysis are limited, soil microbial biogeography has lagged behind the biogeography of plants and animals for a long time. Since twenty-first century, the breakthrough of high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics …

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Soil Microbes And Control Of Soil-Borne Diseases, Huang Xinqi, Cai Zucong May 2017

Soil Microbes And Control Of Soil-Borne Diseases, Huang Xinqi, Cai Zucong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With the agricultural modernization, intensive cultivations, which are characterized with high input of chemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides and high yields, mono-crop species consecutive culture, and large multiple cropping index, have become main patterns of crop production in China. Due to knowledge shortage on the propagation of soil-borne pathogens, soil-borne diseases of crops are spreading very rapidly among the intensive agricultural systems. The issue is now seriously challenging to the sustainable development, food safety and environmental protection in China. For effectively suppressing the spread of soil-borne diseases and realizing the target of "zero-increasing of pesticides consumption by 2020", we …

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Building The Belt And Road By Model Of "Government-Industry-Universityinstitute Collaboration"——An Example Of Sino-Sri Lanka Joint Construction Of Clean Water Project, Qiu Huasheng, Zhou Qiang, Yang Min Apr 2017

Building The Belt And Road By Model Of "Government-Industry-Universityinstitute Collaboration"——An Example Of Sino-Sri Lanka Joint Construction Of Clean Water Project, Qiu Huasheng, Zhou Qiang, Yang Min

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Sri Lanka is located at the crossroads of Indian Ocean, which plays an important role in China's "the 21st century maritime Silk Road" initiative. In recent years, with the joint support from the governments of China and Sri Lanka, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has pioneered in taking a series of innovative actions in Sri Lanka to carry out cooperative research on the subject of chronic kidney disease of unknown causes (CKDu) by working closely with its international partner institutions. CKDu is an internationally recognized public health problem and is becoming a growing concern in Sri Lanka. CAS also …

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"One Belt And One Road" 2.0: Ushering In A New Globalization, Wang Yiwei Apr 2017

"One Belt And One Road" 2.0: Ushering In A New Globalization, Wang Yiwei

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The changing of world political atmosphere and the need to solve practical problems of "One Belt and One Road" initiative are key considerations behind the updated version of the initiative. "One Belt and One Road" version 2.0 has three advantages over its predecessor. First one is about time. The version 2.0 of the initiative exceeds the boundaries of times:instead of going back to find connections with ancient history, the version 2.0 of the initiative links present with the future of our times. Second one is about space. The version 2.0 not only provides a platform for connectivity in Eurasia, it …

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Perspective Of China's Spatial Governance System After 19th Cpc National Congress, Fan Jie Apr 2017

Perspective Of China's Spatial Governance System After 19th Cpc National Congress, Fan Jie

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

"Legislation-based, planning-oriented" is the core of modernization of spatial governance system, and whether we can reasonably planning the territory space and build beautiful homeland is an important indication of governance capacity. After 19th CPC National Congress, there will be an accelerating process of science, legalization, systematization, and democratization on China's spatial governance system and its capacity, which will mainly display in the following respects. Firstly, the major function oriented zones will tend to enhance its fundamental position of spatial planning, the major function oriented zoning will play "revolving door" role between development-planning and layoutplanning, the major function oriented zoning strategy …

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Impact Of Large-Scale Reclamation On Coastal Wetlands And Implications For Ecological Restoration, Compensation, And Sustainable Exploitation Framework, Cui Baoshan, Xie Tian, Wang Qing, Li Shanze, Yan Jiaguo, Yu Shuling, Liu Kang, Zheng Jingjing, Liu Zezheng Apr 2017

Impact Of Large-Scale Reclamation On Coastal Wetlands And Implications For Ecological Restoration, Compensation, And Sustainable Exploitation Framework, Cui Baoshan, Xie Tian, Wang Qing, Li Shanze, Yan Jiaguo, Yu Shuling, Liu Kang, Zheng Jingjing, Liu Zezheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

To meet the need of increasingly economic development and large populations with limited land resource, large scale of coastal reclamation was conducted as one of the most important resolution schemes. Driving by economic growth, coastal reclamation in China has proliferated and expanded nationwide. Various types of coastal reclamations are keeping rapid expansion rate in recent years. Nevertheless, behind the huge economic benefits, coastal reclamation exploitation has brought great loss of coastal natural resources and damaged coastal wetland ecosystem. As the transitional zone between ocean and terrestrial system, coastal wetlands play a crucial role in conserving biodiversity and maintaining dynamic balance …

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Inclusive Globalization: New Philosophy Of China's Belt And Road Initiative, Liu Weidong Apr 2017

Inclusive Globalization: New Philosophy Of China's Belt And Road Initiative, Liu Weidong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is not only China's new action to drive its open and global development but also its potential contributions to the reform of global economic governance. The BRI's core theme is to deploy the Silk Road Spirit (SRS) to promote economic and social cooperation among countries along the ancient Silk Road while the SRS refers to the idea of pursuing "peaceful and cooperative, open and inclusive, learning from each other, and mutual beneficial and win-win situation", which has passed on generation by generation on the silk roads. As economic globalization is at a crossroad and …

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Study On Relationship Between The Belt And Road Initiative And Regional Development Strategies Of China, Liu Hui, Liu Weidong Apr 2017

Study On Relationship Between The Belt And Road Initiative And Regional Development Strategies Of China, Liu Hui, Liu Weidong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Belt and Road Initiative is a long-term overall strategy of China's all round opening-up. The regional coordination strategy among the four regions (the East, the Middle, the Northeast, and the West) has been China's general regional development strategy since the beginning the 11th Five-Year Plan in 2006. In the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020), the Belt and Road Initiative, the Yangtze River Economic Zone, and the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei are determined to be the guide for expanding new space of regional development. We argue that the "Belt and Road Initiative" is China's top-level national strategy with the global vision …

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Identification Of Global Strategic Shipping Pivot, Wang Chengjin, Chen Yunhao Apr 2017

Identification Of Global Strategic Shipping Pivot, Wang Chengjin, Chen Yunhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With the fast development of global trade and transportation of oil and minerals, reliance of national economic development on maritime shipping is increasing and thus shipping security becomes a major part of national security. For China, building strategic maritime shipping pivots is a key component of the development of the 21th Century Maritime Silk Road, and the security of international trade as well. This study tries to develop the notion of strategic shipping pivot and a method to identify strategic pivots at the global scale. The analysis results presented in this paper indicate that global strategic shipping pivots have clear …

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Development Modes Of China's Overseas Industrial Parks Along The Belt And Road, Wuzhati Yeerken, Zhang Wei, Liu Zhigao Apr 2017

Development Modes Of China's Overseas Industrial Parks Along The Belt And Road, Wuzhati Yeerken, Zhang Wei, Liu Zhigao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Overseas industrial parks are not only the main content of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), but also a significant platform for the economic and trade cooperation between China and the countries along the Belt and Road. With the advancement of the Belt and Road, China has made remarkable achievements in the development of overseas industrial parks in countries along the Belt and Road, but also face many difficulties and challenges. Therefore, how to guide the development of various overseas industrial parks has become a major theoretical and practical problem. This paper has evaluated the developing situations of the overseas …

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Spatial-Temporal Characteristics Of Foreign Trade Between China And Countries Along The Silk Roads, Song Zhouying, Che Shuyun, Zhang Wei Apr 2017

Spatial-Temporal Characteristics Of Foreign Trade Between China And Countries Along The Silk Roads, Song Zhouying, Che Shuyun, Zhang Wei

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

'Unimpeded trade' is one of the priorities of cooperation in the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by China. It is important to examine the spatial-temporal characteristics of foreign trade between China and Silk Road Countries (SRCs) for promoting economic prosperity and regional cooperation along Silk Roads. Based on review of the macro situation along Silk Road regions, this paper first analyzes spatial-temporal characteristics of trade cooperation between China and SRCs, and then estimates trade potential using in-sample and regression approaches. The finding of this paper are salutary. First, with the rapid growth of foreign trade between China and SRCs, the …

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Study On Better Organization Of China-Europe Express Train, Wang Jiao'e, Jing Yue, Wang Chengjin Apr 2017

Study On Better Organization Of China-Europe Express Train, Wang Jiao'e, Jing Yue, Wang Chengjin

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Connectivity of infrastructure is a priority component of China's Belt and Road Initiative. As an important achievement of such connectivity and a symbolic co-transport platform, China-Europe Express Train (CEET), organized and operated by Chinese local government, has become a new way for cargo transportation among China, Central Asia, and Europe. This paper first analyzes the significance of CEET as well as its problems, and then raises two view points to correctly understand CEET, that is, CEET plays a limited role in the shipment of China's imported and exported commodities, and this transport model can achieve profit only if selective goods …

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Strategic Thinking Of China Internet Companies To Participate In The Belt And Road Initiative, Cui Shufeng, Yang Yang Apr 2017

Strategic Thinking Of China Internet Companies To Participate In The Belt And Road Initiative, Cui Shufeng, Yang Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Through the integration and optimization of multi-format, the Internet industry has brought about the reallocation of resources in the economic and social fields to promote the integration and rebirth of the economic, cultural and social development forms in the region, and play an increasingly important role in the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative. China Internet companies should seize the opportunity to deepen the layout from the top to promote business to go out, focus on three areas of business:the network information infrastructure, the digital content business, and the network security ecology. Government departments need to steadily guide and …

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Analysis On Time Sequence Evolution Of Biological Science Research Fronts, Zhou Qun, Zhou Qiuju, Leng Fuhai Apr 2017

Analysis On Time Sequence Evolution Of Biological Science Research Fronts, Zhou Qun, Zhou Qiuju, Leng Fuhai

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The ever-changing evolution of the research fronts leads the development of disciplines, indicating the evolution of disciplines and the direction of technological innovation. Identification and monitoring the evolution of research fronts is helpful to grasp the flow of knowledge in the field of science and technology and trace the development of science and technology, which can provide reference for the selection and tracking of key research fields. Based on the 2013-2016 "Research Fronts" report, and take the field of biological science as an example, we analysis the time sequence evolution and development trend of the 40 research fronts, and judge …

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Seasonal Climate Outlook For The Summer Of China 2017, Peng Jingbei, Bueh Cholaw, Zheng Fei, Chen Hong, Lang Xianmei, Yu Yue, Zhang Qingyun, Ma Jiehua, Lin Renping, Li Chaofan, Tian Baoqiang, Mu Songning, Lin Zhaohui, Lu Riyu, Zhu Jiang Apr 2017

Seasonal Climate Outlook For The Summer Of China 2017, Peng Jingbei, Bueh Cholaw, Zheng Fei, Chen Hong, Lang Xianmei, Yu Yue, Zhang Qingyun, Ma Jiehua, Lin Renping, Li Chaofan, Tian Baoqiang, Mu Songning, Lin Zhaohui, Lu Riyu, Zhu Jiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The equatorial sea surface temperatures (SSTs) over the central and east-central Pacific are in aneutral state at present and would keep this state through the coming spring and early summer of 2017, according to the real-time prediction result of the ENSO prediction system of Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAP, CAS). According to the seasonal rainfall prediction at IAP, in summer (June to August) of 2017, the overall rainfall situation in China tends to perennial, there is little possibility of a large extent of flooding. A wetter-than-normal condition is predicted for most parts of south China, Huang-Huai …

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Understanding And Analysis Of 2017 Government Work Report From View Of Human And Economic Geography, Chen Mingxing Apr 2017

Understanding And Analysis Of 2017 Government Work Report From View Of Human And Economic Geography, Chen Mingxing

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Early on March 5th, 2017, the second session of the twelfth National People's Congress was held at Beijing, and Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council represented to give the government work report of 2017. Overall, the report faced to the reality in all round from an objective perspective, without any withdrawal from problems and challenges, giving rise to the national cohesive force and inspiration. The paper uses some analytical methods, like word nephogram, to comb up the key words, quantitative developing indicators and primary region included, and gives out three major features. Firstly, emphasis on the revolution. The whole …

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Entering New Era And Establishing New Prosperity, Song Dawei Mar 2017

Entering New Era And Establishing New Prosperity, Song Dawei

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The focus of studying the new situation is to pursuit benefits and to avoid disadvantages, by deeply understanding and following the strategy of "Belt and Road" initiative implemented by China and the opportunity of global science and technology revolution and industry transformation. To study the new economy should focus on the transformation and upgrading, and strive to solve the contradictions between low level of industry, weak technology innovation, unbalanced development, employment pressure and rigid constraints of resources and environment. New drive force research focuses on innovation driven, set catching up with world-class enterprises and research institutions as the direction and …

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Proposal On International Healthy Chinese Microbiome Project, Zhao Liping, Zhang Chenhong Mar 2017

Proposal On International Healthy Chinese Microbiome Project, Zhao Liping, Zhang Chenhong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Humans are superorganisms with two genomes that dictate phenotype, the genetically inherited human genome (25 000 genes) and the environmentally acquired human microbiome (over 1 million genes). The two genomes must work in harmonious integration as a hologenome to maintain health. Poorly balanced diets can turn the gut microbiome from a partner for health to a "pathogen" in chronic diseases, for example, Type 2 diabetes and cancers. Due to the tight integration of gut microbiota into human global metabolism, molecular profiling of urine metabolites can provide a new window for reflecting physiological functions of gut microbiomes. Changes of gut microbiota …

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