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Front Matter

Swiss American Historical Society Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Full Issue

Swiss American Historical Society Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Berniana Americana - Oder Heimatsammlung Einmal Anders, Erdmann Schmocker

Swiss American Historical Society Newsletter

In 1710, approximately 250 emigrants from the state of Bern, under the leadership of Junker Christoph von Graffenried, settled in North Carolina. They called their settlement Neubern, and thus the name of the state of Bern was probably first brought to the New World. This first Bernese settlement did not develop favorably; many of the immigrants died, and the rest were largely resettled more or less forcibly. Only a few former Swiss people still live in the area today. Nevertheless, the name of the town remained unchanged until the present day.

Seasonal Phenology And Possible Migration Of The Mourning Cloak Butterfly, Nymphalis Antiopa (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In California, Arthur M. Shapiro

Great Basin Naturalist

Circumstantial evidence is presented that suggests the Mourning Cloak undergoes regular seasonal up- and downslope movements in northern California. The species breeds at low elevations in spring and then disappears until autumn; its disappearance coincides with the appearance of fresh individuals in the Sierra Nevada alongside obvious hibernators.

Seasonal Microhabitat Relationships Of Blue Grouse In Southeastern Idaho, Dean F. Stauffer, Steven R. Peterson

Great Basin Naturalist

Microhabitat characteristics of blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus) were analyzed in breeding and wintering habitats in southeastern Idaho. Breeding habitats typically were open sagebrush (Artemisia spp.), mixed shrub, mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus ledifolius), and maple (Acer grandidentatum) stands on east to south facing aspects of slopes below 2100 m elevation. Breeding blue grouse selected areas with approximately a 50:50 or greater open to cover ratio. Blue grouse selected areas with higher tree coverage than available on average within the mixed shrub vegetation type. Hens with broods preferred sites with relatively tall (>50 cm) herbaceous …

Response Of Winterfat (Ceratoides Lanata) Communities To Release From Grazing Pressure, Lars L. Rasmussen, Jack D. Brotherson

Great Basin Naturalist

Sixteen study sites were established in grazed and ungrazed stands of winterfat in Kane County, Utah. The area is located within the winter range of cattle and along U.S. Highway 89 between Kanab, Utah, and Page, Arizona. Road construction in 1957 dissected several winterfat communities, and following fencing part of the communities were released from grazing. Differences in species composition, vegetation, and soil characteristics between grazed and ungrazed sites were assessed. Major differences in site characteristics appeared due to the influence of winter grazing by cattle. Winterfat and Indian ricegrass showed increased cover on the nongrazed sites following release from …

Apple Maggot (Rhagoletis Pomonella) Adaptation For Cherries In Utah, Clive D. Jorgensen, Darin B. Allred, Richard L. Westcott

Great Basin Naturalist

The apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) is reported from Utah County, Utah, where it has adapted to sour cherries. It has been taken repeatedly from pheromone traps in the vicinity of hawthorn (Crataegus douglassii), but there are no Utah data that suggest it has adapted to apples.

Foliage Age As A Factor In Food Utilization By The Western Spruce Budworm, Choristoneura Occidentalis, Elizabeth A. Blake, Michael R. Wagner

Great Basin Naturalist

The influence of current year foliage age on food consumption and utilization by the western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae), was examined. Larvae were fed immature foliage of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), and corkbark fir (Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica) in June and August of 1981 and Douglas fir in June and July of 1982. All larvae feeding on early season (June) foliage reached maturity. Larvae feeding on middle (July) and late (August) season foliage died before reaching pupation. Relative growth rate and efficiency of conversion of ingested food decreased …

Ecological Differences Of C3 And C4 Plant Species From Central Utah In Habitats And Mineral Composition, C. Morden, Jack D. Brotherson, Bruce N. Smith

Great Basin Naturalist

Six study sites were established in each of three community life form types (grass, forb, and shrub) containing as dominants or subdominants either C₃ and/or C₄ plants. Soil and vegetation samples were analyzed for total nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, zinc, iron, copper, and manganese. Discriminant analysis and analysis of variance statistics were used to evaluate differences in mineral content of soils and plant tissues. C₄ plants in all study sites assimilated higher concentrations of potassium, iron, and calcium than did C₃ plants. Forbs in all sites contained the highest concentrations of minerals, followed by …

Isozymes Of An Autopolyploid Shrub, Atriplex Canescens (Chenopodiaceae), E. Durant Mcarthur, Stewart C. Sanderson, D. Carl Freeman

Great Basin Naturalist

Diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid populations of Atriplex canescens (x=9) were examined for 18 isozyme systems. Of 24 interpretable loci, only one locus (Per₁) was polymorphic. Another locus (Per₂) showed a dosage effect. Genetic distance values, D, ranged from near 0 to 0.05, which are in the normal range for local species races. Results from clonal ramets gave identical results. The data and analyses support an essentially autopolyploid origin for the polyploid populations examined.

Vegetation And Flora Of Pine Butte Fen, Teton County, Montana, Peter Lesica

Great Basin Naturalist

The Pine Butte Fen, situated east of the Rocky Mountains in north central Montana, is a boreal, patterned peatland occurring in a relatively dry climatic region. It is one of the southernmost mires of its kind in North America. The vegetation communities present in the fen are described, and possible causes of vegetation patterning are discussed. The Pine Butte Fen is a minerotrophic fen with 93 species of vascular plants represented in an area of approximately 450 ha. Floristic similarities between the Pine Butte Fen and 11 other peatlands in North America reported in the literature are low. Similarity of …

Effects Of Suspended Sediment On Leaf Processing By Hesperophylax Occidentalis (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) And Pteronarcys Californica (Plecoptera: Pteronarcidae), C. Evan Hornig, Merlyn A. Brusven

Great Basin Naturalist

The effects of suspended sediments on stream invertebrate detrital processing were investigated under replicated conditions in light and temperature-controlled chambers in the laboratory. The leaf-shredding insects Pteronarcys californica and Hesperophylax occidentalis were studied. Mean daily ingestion rates were lower among insects subjected to suspended sediments (1.5 and 3.0 g/l) than insects held in suspended sediment-free environments for seven of the eight trials. In five of the eight trials, mean ingestion rates were suppressed by ≥41% when compared to insects held in suspended sediment-free environments. Feeding inhibition was typically greater at the end of the feeding trials (14 days) than at …

Floristic Analysis Of The Southwestern United States, Steven P. Mclaughlin

Great Basin Naturalist

A study was made of the distributions of native, terrestrial, vascular plants occurring in 50 local floras from throughout the Basin and Range and Colorado Plateau physiographic provinces of the southwestern United States. The objectives of the study were to objectively define and describe the floristic elements-assemblages of species with roughly coincident geographic distribution-occurring in the southwestern United States and to determine what such assemblages reveal about the floristic history of the region.

The total flora (native, terrestrial species only) of the Southwest is estimated at 5,458 species, 77% of which were recorded in 1 or more of the local …

Quercus (Fagaceae) In The Utah Flora, Stanley L. Welsh

Great Basin Naturalist

Reviewed are the oak taxa as they are presently understood in Utah. Keys and descriptions are included, occurrences are cited, and problems of hybridization are discussed. Named as new varieties from Utah are Quercus gambelii Nutt. var. bonina Welsh and Quercus havardii Rydb. var. tuckeri Welsh. Both varieties occur in southeastern Utah. Quercus eastwoodiae Rydb. is proposed as a hybrid.

Winter Nutritive Content Of Black Sagebrush (Artemisia Nova) Grown In A Uniform Garden, Barbara Behan, Bruce L. Welch

Great Basin Naturalist

Winter crude protein content, in vitro digestibility, and productivity were determined for seven accessions of black sagebrush (Artemisia nova) grown in a uniform garden. No significant differences were detected among the accessions for any of these attributes. Mean crude protein was 6.8% of dry matter. Accessional range was from 5.8% to 7.3%. Mean in vitro digestion was 54.8% of dry matter; accessional range, 51.9% to 57.2%. Mean current year's growth (a measurement of productivity) was 4.3 cm; accessional range, from 3.7 to 5.1 cm. In comparison to other winter forages, black sagebrush ranks high for winter levels of …

New Records For Monotropa Hypopithys (Ericaceae) From Colorado, William Jennings, Loraine Yeatts, Velma Richards

Great Basin Naturalist

Monotropa hypopithys L., rarely collected in Colorado, was taken five times during 1984. Coupled with previous collections, it is now known from 10 Colorado counties. The cool, moist August of 1984 may have contributed to its apparent ubiquity.

Tree Densities On Pinyon-Juniper Woodland Sites In Nevada And California, Susan Koniak

Great Basin Naturalist

The densities of single leaf pinyon and Utah juniper trees in four diameter classes (1–9, 10–19, 20–29, and ≥ 30 cm) were measured on 522 plots of 1/10 ha each throughout the Great Basin. Density distribution patterns of pinyon and juniper varied with aspect, elevation, and eastern (EGB) versus western Great Basin (WGB) locations. On most locations north and, to a lesser extent, west slopes supported higher densities of pinyon than south and east slopes, with high relative densities of small diameter trees on north slopes and large diameter trees on west slopes. Pinyon densities were higher on EGB than …

End Matter, Vol. 46 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Landforms And Plant Communities In A Pluvial Lake Basin, James A. Young, Raymond A. Evans, Bruce A. Roundy, John A. Brown

Great Basin Naturalist

Mapping units were developed based on landform, soils, and plant communities for the 40,000 ha of salt desert vegetation located below the maximum level of pluvial Lake Gilbert in Grass Valley, Nevada. Lake plain, beach, and bar features of the pluvial lake provide the dominant landforms. Fine textured lake sediments have produced salt- and Na-affected soils. The distribution and structure of plant communities are related to depth of the groundwater table, fluctuations in this depth, and the salt content of the groundwater. Wind and water erosion combine to continually evolve new environments for colonization by plants in this ecosystem.

Effects Of Watershed Alteration On The Brook Trout Population Of A Small Black Hills Stream, Timothy Modde, Henry G. Drewes, Mark A. Rumble

Great Basin Naturalist

The impacts of adjacent landscaping activity and livestock presence on the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) population of a small Black Hills stream were evaluated. Moderate changes in temperature, turbidity, and fecal coliform numbers did not influence brook trout densities. Stream morphometry, particularly factors affecting stream cover, appeared to have the greatest impact on numbers of trout. Brook trout were poor indicators of moderate changes in water quality, but they were adequate indicators of the physical perturbations within the stream.

Utah Flora: Apiaceae (Umbelliferae), Sherel Goodrich

Great Basin Naturalist

Eighty-four taxa in 30 genera of the parsley family, Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) are treated for Utah. Four of the genera with one species each that escape from cultivation are included in the key but not in the text. Keys to genera, species and infraspecific taxa are provided, along with detailed descriptions, distributional data, and pertinent comments. Proposed new taxa are Cymopterus acaulis (Pursh) Raf. var. parvus Goodrich and Lomatium scabrum (Coult. & Rose) Mathias var. tripinnatus Goodrich. New combinations include: Cymopterus acaulis (Pursh) Raf. var. fendleri (Gray) Goodrich and var. higginsii (Welsh) Goodrich; Cymopterus purpureus Wats. var. jonesii (Coult. & Rose) …

Winter Food Habits Of The Pine Marten In Colorado, Christine C. Gordon

Great Basin Naturalist

Eighteen pine marten (Martes americana) stomachs and 29 intestinal tracts, collected between October 1983 and March 1984 from northern Colorado, were examined for food items. Voles (Microtus spp.) occurred most frequently, followed by shrews (Sorex spp.), insects, and vegetative matter.

Front Matter, Vol. 46 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

New Oriental Genus Of Leafhoppers In The Tribe Coelidiini With Descriptions Of New Species (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), M. W. Nielson

Great Basin Naturalist

A new genus, Stylolidia, and two new species, Stylolidia pectinata n. sp. (type species) and Stylolidia cristata n. sp., from Malaysia are described and illustrated. A key to the males of the known species is also included.

Full Issue, Vol. 46 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Fall Diet Of Blue Grouse In Oregon, John A. Crawford, Walt Van Dyke, S. Mark Meyers, Thomas F. Haensly

Great Basin Naturalist

The early fall diet of Oregon blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus pallidus) from Wallowa County, Oregon, was determined from 145 crops obtained during 1981 and 1982. Of more than 50 plant and animal foods in the diet, short-horned grasshoppers (Acrididae), prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola), yellow salsify (Tragopogon dubius), wild buck-wheat (Eriogonum spp.), and snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus) occurred in 30% or more of the crops and collectively amounted to 68% of the diet by weight. Seven of the 12 most common foods were consumed differentially by the four sex and age …

Status And Distribution Of California Gull Nesting Colonies In Wyoming, Scott L. Findholt

Great Basin Naturalist

Historically, two California Gull nesting colonies existed in Wyoming. In 1984 there were six breeding locations consisting of 10 different colonies that included approximately 7,273 nests. The increase in the California Gull nesting population in the state is probably a consequence of man-caused environmental changes that have resulted in the creation of additional breeding habitat and new food sources.

New Genus And Species Of Leafhopper In The Tribe Tinobregmini (Homoptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), M. W. Nielson

Great Basin Naturalist

A new genus, Stenolidia, and new species, S. magna (type species), are described and illustrated. Stenolidia from Guyana is the fifth genus in the tribe Tinobregmini and the third that has come to light since the tribe was revised in 1975.

The 'Finiguerra' Venus And Her Children: The Iconology Of A Fifteenth-Century Florentine Engraving, Gwendolyn Bryant

Quidditas

Interpreting Finiguerra's engraving of the planetary Venus and those born under her aegis not only entails an analysis of the engraving itself and other related images, but it calls for a reassessment of the work of Aby Warburg, whose research on this and other series of the planets cleared the way for many subsequent studies. Since Warburg's followers have consistently ignored many of his theoretical concerns, it is essential to outline them briefly if we are to understand his analysis of the 'Finiguerra' Venus.

Painting My House, Susan Fife

Inscape

No abstract provided.