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The Relationship Between Zyxin And Rac1 In Cell Junction Formation, Dan Brereton, Ryan Vellinga, Craig Barnette, Dr. Marc Hansen
The Relationship Between Zyxin And Rac1 In Cell Junction Formation, Dan Brereton, Ryan Vellinga, Craig Barnette, Dr. Marc Hansen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In order to better understand how cancer metastasizes we must discover how cancer cells are able to break down their cell-cell junctions.
Elisabeth Franke: A German Missionary’S Perspectives On Women’S Liberation In The Context Of Racial And Religious Prejudice, Rebekah Mcknight, Dr. Cindy Brewer
Elisabeth Franke: A German Missionary’S Perspectives On Women’S Liberation In The Context Of Racial And Religious Prejudice, Rebekah Mcknight, Dr. Cindy Brewer
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Elisabeth Franke was a female German missionary in Turkey in the early 20th century. Her unique experience as a woman, a Christian, and a humanitarian offers a valuable perspective on religious and racial prejudice between Christian missionaries and Muslims at the time. Studying Franke’s text, Hinter dem Schleier: Ein Schrei der Not aus der mohammedanischen Frauenwelt (Behind the Veil: A cry of need from the world of Muslim women) enabled me to better understand and explain the incongruousness between typical Christian prejudice towards Islamic peoples and her particular interest in the liberation of Muslim women in Turkey.
Religious Restoration In Cuba: A Profile Of Faith On The Island, Bryan S. Bendall, Dr. Jeffrey M. Shumway
Religious Restoration In Cuba: A Profile Of Faith On The Island, Bryan S. Bendall, Dr. Jeffrey M. Shumway
Journal of Undergraduate Research
On January 1, 1959, armored tanks of Fidel Castro’s rebel army paraded down the streets of Havana, Cuba promising reforms and change in the island nation. For many of Cuba’s religious adherents this came in the form of repression and persecution. Castro began his attack on religion in 1961 by forcing Cuba most powerful clergymen into exile in a series of despotic reforms meant to cripple the powerful influence of the Catholic Church. Thereafter, Castro was excommunicated by the Vatican but persecutions continued as the government discriminated against all Cuban church members by denying them jobs, excluding them from government …
Investigation Of The Effects Of Intraosseous Pressure Rise In The Formation Of Spinal Burst Fractures: A Biphasic Material Approach, Spencer Shore, Dr. Anton Bowden
Investigation Of The Effects Of Intraosseous Pressure Rise In The Formation Of Spinal Burst Fractures: A Biphasic Material Approach, Spencer Shore, Dr. Anton Bowden
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Burst fractures are high-speed spine injuries caused by rapid axial compression of the vertebrae. The traditional explanation for the burst fracture mechanism points to an intraosseous pressure rise due to the entrance of the intervertebral disc through a fractured endplate. Recent experiments [1], however, indicate an actual decrease in both internal pressure and hydraulic resistance in high-speed tests that result in burst fractures. These results cast doubt on the validity of the traditional burst fracture theory. The current study seeks to model the intraosseous pressure rise using the finite element method. In this model, the trabecular core and marrow of …
The Right To Know: The Indian Journalist’S Right To Information Since 2005, Marie Magleby, Edward Carter
The Right To Know: The Indian Journalist’S Right To Information Since 2005, Marie Magleby, Edward Carter
Journal of Undergraduate Research
When governments keep secrets from citizens, corruption prevails and democracy remains a far-fetched ideal at best. However, government transparency – an antidote to corruption – is an inconceivable idea to much of the global population. In a high-pressure effort to approach this ideal, India enacted the Right to Information Act in October, 2005. Citizens now enjoy increased access to the inner-workings of government, and public servants are held to a higher standard of accountability. Through my research, I explored how journalists have used their newfound right to information to enhance their reporting practices and propagate public information through the media.
Classical Crossroads: Searching For Common Ground Between Pop And Classical Music, Maxwell Stoneman, Dr. Michael Hicks
Classical Crossroads: Searching For Common Ground Between Pop And Classical Music, Maxwell Stoneman, Dr. Michael Hicks
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Since the early 1980s, a trend has been observed in the demography of those who attend arts events across the United States. There was been a noticeable graying of this group, meaning their average age has steadily increased for several decades and now appears endemic throughout the United States. Meanwhile, popular music has begun to reach further and further into adolescence and infancy to expand its market, delineating very clearly that new music is the best music. These two trends have created a seemingly insurmountable divide between popular music (which is king on FM radio and television) and classical music …
The General’S Last Gift To The Empire: Douglas Macarthur And The Rearming Of Japan, 1945-1950, Clifford David Gravett, Dr. Aaron Skabelund
The General’S Last Gift To The Empire: Douglas Macarthur And The Rearming Of Japan, 1945-1950, Clifford David Gravett, Dr. Aaron Skabelund
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The purpose of this research was to establish the role of General Douglas MacArthur in the process of rearming Japan following World War II. My question was how MacArthur’s opinions regarding Japanese military evolved during his tenure as Supreme Commander for Allied Forces in the Pacific (SCAP) and head of the occupation of Japan. Documentary evidence demonstrated that MacArthur maintained a stance of permanent disarmament for Japan from 1945 to 1950. The most telling evidence of MacArthur’s interest in an unarmed Japan was his insistence that a no-war clause be included in the 1947-1948 revisions of the Japanese constitution. On …
The Creation And Reception Of La Reine Topaze By Victor Massé Documented In Manuscripts, Reviews, And Auxiliary Sources, Lindsay Weaver, David A. Day
The Creation And Reception Of La Reine Topaze By Victor Massé Documented In Manuscripts, Reviews, And Auxiliary Sources, Lindsay Weaver, David A. Day
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In our modern day, the Hollywood film industry is arguably the most popular source of entertainment available to our society. For the well-to-do Parisian of the nineteenth-century, his equivalent was the strange business of opera.
Actin Reorganization Events In Zyxin Mutant Cells, Stephen Filios, Dr. Marc Hansen
Actin Reorganization Events In Zyxin Mutant Cells, Stephen Filios, Dr. Marc Hansen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Cell migration is an important part of understanding how cancer affects the body. Benign tumors are non-migratory, and can be removed from a patient surgically. Once cancer cells start to migrate, or metastasize, the cancer is considered malignant. As a result, cancer spreads to other parts of the body. This research looked at the process by which epithelial cells become migratory, known as epithelial-mesenchymal transition or EMT.
Haitian Immigrants In Santiago, Dominican Republic, Jesse S. Morgan, Dr. John P. Hawkins
Haitian Immigrants In Santiago, Dominican Republic, Jesse S. Morgan, Dr. John P. Hawkins
Journal of Undergraduate Research
I was awarded an ORCA grant in order to carry out ethnographic research in the Dominican Republic (DR.). ORCA’s support made it possible for me to spend four months in Santiago, the second largest city, during winter semester. I had originally intended that my fieldwork would focus on the cultural theme of the tigre, or tiger (a charismatic showoff type in Dominican society). However, the reality warp between my elaborate Provobased scheming and the practicalities of living and doing ethnography in a large unfamiliar Caribbean city encouraged me to shift my focus and walk through open cultural doors instead of …
Lithium-Halogen Exchange In Non-Ethereal Solvent: Efficient Preparation Of 2-Bromo-6-Lithiopyridine In Dichloromethane, Jared R. Mitchell, Dr. Matt A. Peterson
Lithium-Halogen Exchange In Non-Ethereal Solvent: Efficient Preparation Of 2-Bromo-6-Lithiopyridine In Dichloromethane, Jared R. Mitchell, Dr. Matt A. Peterson
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Organolithium reagents have long been known as useful reagents for carbon-carbon bond formation in synthetic organic chemistry. Although a variety of techniques have been developed for their generation, one of the most frequently used methods involves treating either an alkyl or aryl halide (R-X, X = halogen) with a commercially available organolithium such as nbutyllithium (nBuLi). When these reactions are carried out at low temperature in inert solvents, the lithium atom of nBuLi and the halogen atom of the alkyl or aryl halide are exchanged, hence this process is referred to as a lithium-halogen exchange reaction (Figure 1).
The Declaration Of Independence And Early American Religious Rhetoric From The Puritan Political Sermons, Ryan D. Nelson, Dr. Neal Lambert
The Declaration Of Independence And Early American Religious Rhetoric From The Puritan Political Sermons, Ryan D. Nelson, Dr. Neal Lambert
Journal of Undergraduate Research
For this work, I attempted to look closer at the influence that the early Puritan political sermons had upon the writing of the Declaration of Independence. Although an interesting topic to study in general, I found it necessary to consistently revise my research to become more specific. Since the Puritan political sermons are hard to come by, I analyzed the political sermons from the best compilation up to date; that from Sandoz. 1
Metacalibration Proof Of The Triple Bubble Conjecture In R3, Donald Sampson, Dr. Gary Lawlor
Metacalibration Proof Of The Triple Bubble Conjecture In R3, Donald Sampson, Dr. Gary Lawlor
Journal of Undergraduate Research
My project was to further develop the technique of metacalibration, a new method of minimization proof, in order to prove the triple bubble conjecture: that the standard triple bubble is the least surface area way to separately enclose three given volumes.
Christian Magic: Bible-Based Heresy, Seth Kohrman
Christian Magic: Bible-Based Heresy, Seth Kohrman
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The Bible (the Old and the New Testaments) condemned magic. The Church Fathers followed the biblical example and also denounced magic. However, magic continued to exist among Christians and was even largely based upon biblical passages for its source of power; thus, magic survived partially on account of Christians and their ironic use of magic with help of the very scriptures that censured it. I will demonstrate first through specific examples that the Old and New Testaments as well as the Church Fathers reviled magic; however, the authors of each of these writings had their own agendas for speaking out …
Innovative Gis Approach For Assessing Juniper Expansion, Daniel L. Zvirzdin, Dr. Steven Petersen
Innovative Gis Approach For Assessing Juniper Expansion, Daniel L. Zvirzdin, Dr. Steven Petersen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Since European settlement piñon (Pinus) and juniper (Juniperus) (PJ) woodlands have expanded their range to more than 40 million hectares; this expansion constitutes one of the greatest afforestations of our time and is due to many factors including high intensity grazing, fire suppression, increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and climate change (Romme et al. 2009). As these woodlands expand into other ecosystems negative impacts to ecosystem services often occur as natural fire regimes, plant community structure, water and nutrient cycles, and biodiversity are altered. While the extent of these negative impacts are site dependent, PJ cover and density can be important …
Semantic Change In Supreme Context: Semantics In The Privacy Line And Originalist Interpretation, Adam Prestidge, Dr. William Eggington
Semantic Change In Supreme Context: Semantics In The Privacy Line And Originalist Interpretation, Adam Prestidge, Dr. William Eggington
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In a nation governed by laws, change in the meaning of the words that compose those laws can have an unexpected impact. When I began to research this topic, I noticed that in certain Supreme Court cases, the word liberty was central to the discussion of the rights in question, and was used in some surprising ways. In the 2003 Supreme Court case, Lawrence v. Texas, liberty was described as something that guaranteed “the full right to engage in private conduct without government intervention.” After this statement piqued my interest, I noticed that Planned Parenthood of Southeastern PA v. Casey …
Christianity, Civilization, And Commerce: A Look At The Roles Of German Missionaries In 19th And 20th Century Tonga, Kasia Cook, Dr. Cindy Brewer
Christianity, Civilization, And Commerce: A Look At The Roles Of German Missionaries In 19th And 20th Century Tonga, Kasia Cook, Dr. Cindy Brewer
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In Tonga, a group of islands deep in the South Pacific Ocean, religion is an important element of life for all of the islanders. In addition to protestant missionaries from England who helped Tonga establish their constitution, Tongan culture was also deeply influenced by Catholicism. Due to the large population of German businessmen living in Tonga and the close proximity of Tonga to the German colony in Western Samoa, it was supposed that German missionaries must have also traveled to the Tongan islands and contributed to the establishment of some of the schools and other relics of religious influence there. …
Margaret Cavendish’S Introductory Epistles As Essayistic Guidelines, Lina Maria Ferreira Cabeza-Vanegas, Dr. Brandi Siegfried
Margaret Cavendish’S Introductory Epistles As Essayistic Guidelines, Lina Maria Ferreira Cabeza-Vanegas, Dr. Brandi Siegfried
Journal of Undergraduate Research
When I began my project I intended to conjoin Theodor W. Adorno’s and Györg Lukács’ definitions of the essa—as stated in “The Essay as Form” and “Soul and Form,” respectively—with Susan M. Fitzmaurice’s definition of the epistolary genre to determine if definite essayistic elements found in other forms—specifically Margaret Cavendish’s work—of writing transformed, expanded, redefined, or negated the current conception of the, so called, fourth genre. I assumed that this isolation of “pure essayistic elements” would contribute toward stricter genre boundaries built on a more objective theoretical mesh work through which other pieces of writing could be more easily classified …
Cultural Preservation And Modern Development In The Amazon, Eric W. Linton
Cultural Preservation And Modern Development In The Amazon, Eric W. Linton
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In the summer of 2009 indigenous groups in the Peruvian Amazon headed a major grassroots movement against the national government in an effort to protect their lands and lifestyles. The protests brought due international attention to issues of human rights and land ownership that had previously been a local matter. Several months previous to the movement a colleague and I ventured to the Putumayo region of the Peruvian Amazon in an effort to understand the issues being faced by the people of those regions. Specifically, we aimed to understand the importance of self determined rights as a means to preserve …
Determinants Of Weekly Review Session Attendance And The Effect Of Review Sessions On Student Performance In Economics 110, Bradley Hunter, Dr. Eric Eide
Determinants Of Weekly Review Session Attendance And The Effect Of Review Sessions On Student Performance In Economics 110, Bradley Hunter, Dr. Eric Eide
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Every semester, each of the fifteen teaching assistants for Economics 110 classes hold two weekly review sessions, during which they solve practice test questions, discuss the implications of lecture material, and help students solidify difficult concepts. These review sessions, while provided at a relatively low cost by the Economics department (approximately $4500), also constitute for an estimated 100 student-hours per week in just one of BYU’s six sections of Econ 110.
The Effects Of Prenatal Stress On The Levels Of 5 Alpha Reductase And Aromatase Activity In Pregnant Rats And Their Male And Female Offspring, Steve Warren David, Dr. Reuben Ward Rhees
The Effects Of Prenatal Stress On The Levels Of 5 Alpha Reductase And Aromatase Activity In Pregnant Rats And Their Male And Female Offspring, Steve Warren David, Dr. Reuben Ward Rhees
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Sexual differentiation of the brain is dependent on the presence or absence of androgen (testosterone) during prenatal development. Exposure to testosterone is essential for masculinization and defeminization of sexual behavior, and brain structural development. Present evidence suggests that the action of testosterone during brain development involves the metabolic conversion of testosterone in one of two ways. Testosterone is either converted to estradiol by the enzyme aromatase or to dihydrotestosterone by the enzyme 5 alpha reductase. Testosterone and these two metabolites interact to regulate sexual differentiation of the brain. This project monitored the activity of both aromatase and 5 alpha reductase …
James Madison: Conscience, Religion And The 1st Amendment, Willis J. Smith, Dr. Robert Westover
James Madison: Conscience, Religion And The 1st Amendment, Willis J. Smith, Dr. Robert Westover
Journal of Undergraduate Research
In conjunction with my current research pertaining to my Honors Thesis, I was awarded an ORCA scholarship which provided the funds necessary to travel to Washington D.C. and do extensive research in the Library of Congress. The following is a brief overview of that topic which is currently being addressed by my Honors Thesis project.
Summary Of Creative Project—Images Of French Canada: An Educational Tool For The French Language Classroom, Heather A. Young, Dr. Michael Bush
Summary Of Creative Project—Images Of French Canada: An Educational Tool For The French Language Classroom, Heather A. Young, Dr. Michael Bush
Journal of Undergraduate Research
This creative project constitutes one component of an initiative undertaken by Dr. Michael Bush to obtain and use culturally authentic images of everyday life in Francophone countries to illustrate lexical and grammatical concepts in the French language classroom. Receiving the ORCA Scholarship enabled me to take over 830 photographs illustrating a broad range of concepts, which will be used in classroom instruction at BYU and will eventually be made available to French language teachers across the United States. These photos are in addition to well over 3000 images which have already been obtained by other students.
Short-Term Effects Of Dietary Phytoestrogens On Calbindin, Calretinin, And Cox-2 In Specific Brain Sites Of Male Rats, Melanie A. Watson, Dr. Edwin D. Lephart
Short-Term Effects Of Dietary Phytoestrogens On Calbindin, Calretinin, And Cox-2 In Specific Brain Sites Of Male Rats, Melanie A. Watson, Dr. Edwin D. Lephart
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Cyclooxygenase, a bifunctional enzyme, converts arachadonic acid to prostaglandins that are important for maintaining critical physiological functions such as nervous system regulation, pain response, and specifically inflammation of tissues. The enzyme exists in two isoforms: COX-1 is constitutionally produced, playing important maintenance roles throughout the body. COX-2 is constitutionally produced in the brain, but is inducible and thus, highly regulated (2). Non-specific inhibition of COX reduces inflammation, but increases gastrointestinal ulcers due to a failure of mucus production by COX-1. Specific COX-2 inhibition controls the inflammatory response, but is not ulcergenic (1,3). At this time the effect of COX-2 regulation …
Dotpopulation Genetic Analysis Of Puma Concolor Using Microsatellites, Eric Swenson, Dr. Keith A. Crandall
Dotpopulation Genetic Analysis Of Puma Concolor Using Microsatellites, Eric Swenson, Dr. Keith A. Crandall
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The mountain lion, Puma concolor, is the last widespread species of top predator remaining in the United States (2). Despite this, P. concolor is the subject of annual hunts, except in Florida and South Dakota, where they are threatened, and California (4). The impact of hunting on these populations is not well understood, but sport hunting constitutes the highest source of mortality in Utah (5). Indications are that increased hunting activity over the past few years may be causing a decline in the P. concolor population in Utah (1). The impact of hunting practices on the genetic variation of mountain …
Bertrand Biography, Richard D. Mcclellan, Dr. Donald Cannon
Bertrand Biography, Richard D. Mcclellan, Dr. Donald Cannon
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Louis A. Bertrand (originally John Francis Elias Flandin) had traveled most of the world when he decided to “settle down” in Paris and became a leader in the Red Republican Party just before the Revolution of 1848.
The Locating Of Col11a2 Cell-Specific Enhancers, Jennifer L. Potter, Dr. Laura C. Bridgewater
The Locating Of Col11a2 Cell-Specific Enhancers, Jennifer L. Potter, Dr. Laura C. Bridgewater
Journal of Undergraduate Research
The human skeletal structure is formed first by cartilage which later ossifies to bone. It follows, therefore, that if cartilage formation is aberrant, the resulting bone formation will be affected. Cartilage is composed of fibrils consisting of three types of collagen: type II, type IX, and type XI. These fibrils are only produced by chondrocyte (cartilage) cells.
Analysis Of A Constitutively Active Phob Mutant Protein, Chad C. Lowe, Dr. William R. Mccleary
Analysis Of A Constitutively Active Phob Mutant Protein, Chad C. Lowe, Dr. William R. Mccleary
Journal of Undergraduate Research
Within the cellular environment, the processing of essential nutrients required for cellular growth and metabolism are tightly regulated. When these essential nutrients become limited in the cells surroundings, cellular stress responses are induced. This enables the cell to maintain life in less than ideal environmental conditions.
High/Low Brow, Susan Kruegar, Sunnie Bybee, Joseph Ostraff
High/Low Brow, Susan Kruegar, Sunnie Bybee, Joseph Ostraff
Journal of Undergraduate Research
“The tool of the spirit of yesterday was the ‘academy.’ It shut off the artist from the world of industry and handicraft, and thus brought about his complete isolation from the community. In vital epochs, on the other hand, the artist enriched all the arts and crafts of a community because he had a part in its adeptness and understanding as any other worker…” These sentiments were written in the beginning of the 20th century by Walter Gropius in The Theory and Organization of the Bauhaus. The Bauhaus was a German art school that revolutionized the ideas of art verses …
The Book Of Mormon: A Handbook Of Hope For The Apocalypse, Nathan Lindsay, Dr. Steven C. Walker
The Book Of Mormon: A Handbook Of Hope For The Apocalypse, Nathan Lindsay, Dr. Steven C. Walker
Journal of Undergraduate Research
“Some say the world will end in fire, some say in ice.” With this line Robert Frost summed up the world’s uncertainty concerning the new Millennium. For thousands of years people have contemplated and philosophized about the end of the world. Apocalyptic literature is the unique genre that centers on this final period of mankind.