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First Record Of The Spotted Bat (Euderma Maculatum) From Oregon, Ellen E. Mcmahon, Clifford C. Oakley, Stephen P. Cross Jun 1981

First Record Of The Spotted Bat (Euderma Maculatum) From Oregon, Ellen E. Mcmahon, Clifford C. Oakley, Stephen P. Cross

Great Basin Naturalist

A spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) was taken at Mickey Springs, 28 km northeast of Andrews, Harney County, Oregon. This represents a 225 km range extension and a new record for Oregon.


End Matter, Vol. 41 No. 2 Jun 1981

End Matter, Vol. 41 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


The 1900 Invasion Of Alien Plants Into Southern Idaho, Dana L. Yensen Jun 1981

The 1900 Invasion Of Alien Plants Into Southern Idaho, Dana L. Yensen

Great Basin Naturalist

The European annual plants Salsola iberica. Sisymbrium altissimum, Descurainia sophia, and Bromus tectorum invaded southern Idaho about 1900 and spread very rapidly into native plant communities damaged or eliminated by binning, abusive grazing, and agricultural clearing. Historic photographs reveal that the sites of initial invasion were waterway margins, railroad rights-of-way, road shoulders, city streets, agricultural areas, and construction sites. By 1915, these plants were widespread and abundant. Burning and grazing fostered their spread and dominance on millions of acres in southern Idaho.


Front Matter, Vol. 41 No. 2 Jun 1981

Front Matter, Vol. 41 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


A Sagebrush Wilt Disease Of Unknown Cause, David L. Nelson, Richard G. Krebill Jun 1981

A Sagebrush Wilt Disease Of Unknown Cause, David L. Nelson, Richard G. Krebill

Great Basin Naturalist

A sagebrush wilt disease is causing severe damage to Forest Service uniform shrub garden plantings in Utah. Plants within most species of the section Tridentatae express disease symptoms and may die within several months. Varying degrees of susceptibility are evident within and between species. Modification of the soil environment through past agricultural use may dispose these wildland shrubs to associated potentially pathogenic fungi.


A Checklist Of The Alpine Vascular Flora Of The Teton Range, Wyoming, With Notes On Biology And Habitat Preferences, John R. Spence, Richard J. Shaw Jun 1981

A Checklist Of The Alpine Vascular Flora Of The Teton Range, Wyoming, With Notes On Biology And Habitat Preferences, John R. Spence, Richard J. Shaw

Great Basin Naturalist

A checklist of the vascular flora of the alpine zone (treeless vegetation above 9500 feet or 2900 m) of the Teton Range is presented. For each of the 216 species, six attributes are listed: flower color and shape, pollination mode, life form, habitat preference, and whether each species is found in the Arctic. White and yellow flowered species are most common, and zoophilous species greatly predominate over anemophilous and apomictic species. Perennial/biennial herbs are the most common life form. Common habitats in the alpine zone include dry and wet meadows, bogs, debris accumulations, and cliffs and rock faces. Arctic species …


Dispersal And Dispersion Of An Introduced Population Of Sylvilagus Floridanus, B. J. Verts, Leslie N. Carraway Jun 1981

Dispersal And Dispersion Of An Introduced Population Of Sylvilagus Floridanus, B. J. Verts, Leslie N. Carraway

Great Basin Naturalist

Eastern cottontail rabbits, Sylvilagus floridanus, introduced into Linn County, Oregon, in 1941, occupied 378.1 km2 in 1953, 637.7 km2 in 1970, and 1.501.9 km2 in 1980. Hiatuses within the range were related to absence of adequate coverts on conifer-dominated ridge tops and in intensively cultivated areas. Flooding of riparian zones seven times during the first 12 years after introduction and three times during the 17-year interval between the first and second surveys (especially the devastating floods of December 1964 and January 1965) was believed to have retarded dispersal or periodically reduced the area occupied. Flood-control dams …


Some Spatial And Behavioral Features Of The Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel, Tim W. Clark Jun 1981

Some Spatial And Behavioral Features Of The Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrel, Tim W. Clark

Great Basin Naturalist

Some relationships between home range, agonistic behavior, and reproductive patterns in thirteen-lined ground squirrels were investigated in Laramie Plains, Wyoming (August 1966–April 1969). Population size and densities fluctuated seasonally and annually. Adult male (N = 7) home ranges averaged 0.24 ha and were smaller than those of the female (N = 9), which averaged 0.35 ha. Agonistic interactions were more frequent during the natal period (late May–June) than during the breeding-gestation period (mid April–May). Most squirrels (86 percent) shared capture sites and had overlapping home ranges. However, a certain degree of spacing existed because of agonistic behavior.


The Effect Of Elevated Temperature On Copper Toxicity To The Thermophilic Alga Synechococcus Lividus (Cyanophyceae), L. E. Riley, M. L. Ostrofsky Jun 1981

The Effect Of Elevated Temperature On Copper Toxicity To The Thermophilic Alga Synechococcus Lividus (Cyanophyceae), L. E. Riley, M. L. Ostrofsky

Great Basin Naturalist

The hypothesis that temperature influences the toxicity of copper to thermophilic Cyanophyceae was tested in a laboratory study with Synechococcus lividus. This thermophile was tested at copper concentrations from 0 to 200 µg/1, and temperatures from 40.0 to 50.0 C. It was found that an interaction between increased copper and temperature significantly decreased the rate of carbon assimilation, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency.


Sex And Mythology: Some Implications, Vern L. Bullough Apr 1981

Sex And Mythology: Some Implications, Vern L. Bullough

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.


Front Matter, Vol. 41 No. 1 Mar 1981

Front Matter, Vol. 41 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


End Matter, Vol. 41 No. 1 Mar 1981

End Matter, Vol. 41 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


Additional Distribution Records And Abundance Of Three Species Of Snakes In Southwestern Idaho, Lowell V. Diller, Richard L. Wallace Mar 1981

Additional Distribution Records And Abundance Of Three Species Of Snakes In Southwestern Idaho, Lowell V. Diller, Richard L. Wallace

Great Basin Naturalist

New county records are reported for Hypsiglena torquata and Rhinocheilus lecontci, and additional distribution records are presented for Sonora semiannulata in southwestern Idaho. These three species are more abundant than indicated by previous records.


Relational Invariance In Language, Warren Kim Claussen Mar 1981

Relational Invariance In Language, Warren Kim Claussen

Deseret Language and Linguistic Society Symposium

No abstract provided.


Bell Curve--Aid To Language Learning, Ken Anderson Mar 1981

Bell Curve--Aid To Language Learning, Ken Anderson

Deseret Language and Linguistic Society Symposium

No abstract provided.


Terrestrial Vertebrates In The Environs Of Utah Lake, Clyde L. Pritchett, Herbert H. Frost, Wilmer W. Tanner Feb 1981

Terrestrial Vertebrates In The Environs Of Utah Lake, Clyde L. Pritchett, Herbert H. Frost, Wilmer W. Tanner

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

From an historical aspect, there are or have been 215 species and 62 families of terrestrial vertebrates found in the environs of Utah Lake. The classes Amphibia and Reptilia are represented by 4 species in 3 families and 12 species in 4 families, respectively. The class Aves has the highest numbers of species and families. The birds are represented by 152 species and 39 families. There are 47 species of mammals found within 16 families. Three additional species of reptiles have been reported to one of us by the Division of Wildlife Resources personnel as occurring in the environs of …


Preface, Richard A. Heckman, Lavere B. Merritt Feb 1981

Preface, Richard A. Heckman, Lavere B. Merritt

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

No abstract provided.


Macroinvertebrate And Zooplankton Communities Of Utah Lake: A Review Of The Literature, James R. Barnes, Thomas W. Toole Feb 1981

Macroinvertebrate And Zooplankton Communities Of Utah Lake: A Review Of The Literature, James R. Barnes, Thomas W. Toole

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

Early studies on the macroinvertebrates and zooplankton of Utah Lake were taxonomic in nature. Since the late 1960s, macroinvertebrates studies have concentrated on the Goshen Bay area of Utah Lake. The rocky shore macroinvertebrate community along the eastern shore of Goshen Bay is the most diverse and productive in Utah Lake (Toole 1973). The dominant organisms are the amphipod Hyatella azteca and the chironomid Dicrotendipes fumidus. Also present along the eastern shore is an extensive zone of the sponge Meyenia fluviatilis (Smith 1972). Two taxa, Chironomidae and Oligochaeta, dominate the silty-ooze community in the southern portion of Utah Lake …


Geology Of Utah Lake: Implications For Resource Management, Willis H. Brimhall, Lavere B. Merritt Feb 1981

Geology Of Utah Lake: Implications For Resource Management, Willis H. Brimhall, Lavere B. Merritt

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

Utah Lake is a remnant of Lake Bonneville, from which it originated about 8,000 years ago. Analysis of sediment cores reveals significant variations in lake salinity and sedimentation rates. Notable examples are a very dry, high-salinity period between 5000 and 6000 years ago; a major freshening, wet period between 2700 and 3000 years ago; and a very dry, high-salinity period between 1400 and 2600 years ago, smaller variations are interspersed through the lake's history.
Long-term sedimentation rates are estimated at about 1 mm (0.039 in) per year in most of the lake, but post-colonization rates appear to be about 2 …


Fishes Of Utah Lake, Richard A. Heckmann, Charles W. Thompson, David A. White Feb 1981

Fishes Of Utah Lake, Richard A. Heckmann, Charles W. Thompson, David A. White

Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs

There has been a drastic change in fish populations inhabiting Utah Lake during the last 100 years. When the pioneers first entered Utah Valley they found a well-established cutthroat trout population in Utah Lake and in the tributaries flowing into the lake. After intensive agricultural and industrial development this salmonid disappeared, and carp, white bass, and black bullhead are the common species today. The known history of the Utah Lake fisheries is summarized. Through proper management it is possible to establish a sport fishery of the common fish species currently in the Lake, including walleye, channel catfish, and largemouth bass. …


Concepts In American Local History: Community In Winder, Idaho, Lorine S. Goodwin Jan 1981

Concepts In American Local History: Community In Winder, Idaho, Lorine S. Goodwin

Theses and Dissertations

Recently the need for a more clearly defined structural basis for American local history has become acute. Concepts used in national history often fall short of the needs of local history. As a result, both professionals and amateurs are producing a rash of community histories without the benefit of adequate guidelines.

This thesis draws together a number of concepts useful in the development of American local history as a viable academic field of study. It tests these concepts in presenting the history of community in Winder, a small, rural population set in southeastern Idaho.


Sodium Flux Ratio In Voltage-Clamped Squid Giant Axons, David D. Busath, Ted Begenisich Jan 1981

Sodium Flux Ratio In Voltage-Clamped Squid Giant Axons, David D. Busath, Ted Begenisich

Faculty Publications

The sodium flux ratio across the axolemma of internally perfused, voltage-clamped giant axons of Loligo pealei has been measured at various membrane potentials. The flux ratio exponent obtained from these measurements was about unity and independent of membrane voltage over the 50 mV range from about -20 to +30 mV. These results, combined with previous measurements of ion permeation through sodium channels, show that the sodium channel behaves like a multi-ion pore with two ion binding sites that are rarely simultaneously occupied by sodium.


Measuring The Reading Level Of Lds Materials: A Supplement To The Dale Word List, Linda Stahle Jan 1981

Measuring The Reading Level Of Lds Materials: A Supplement To The Dale Word List, Linda Stahle

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to supplement the Dale word list with a list of terms that are familiar to most members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and thus increase the precision of the Dale-Chall readability formula when it is applied to LDS materials. The Dale word list consists of 3,000 words that are familiar to 80 percent of fourth graders. The procedure involved identifying non-Dale words that occur frequently in LDS church publications and testing them on LDS fourth graders in a three-alternative multiple-choice format.

Of the 850 words tested, 249 were identified correctly …


A New Species Of Fossil Chrysothamnus (Asteraceae) From New Mexico, Loran C. Anderson Dec 1980

A New Species Of Fossil Chrysothamnus (Asteraceae) From New Mexico, Loran C. Anderson

Great Basin Naturalist

The new, presumably extinct species, Chrysothamnus pulchelloides, is formally described and illustrated. The plant materials came from Holocene packrat middens. Anatomical and phyletic relationships of the fossil species to extant taxa are discussed.


Front Matter, Vol. 40 No. 4 Dec 1980

Front Matter, Vol. 40 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


End Matter, Vol. 40 No. 4 Dec 1980

End Matter, Vol. 40 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.


Terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna Of The Kaiparowits Basin, N. Duane Atwood, Clyde L. Pritchett, Richard D. Porter, Benjamin W. Wood Dec 1980

Terrestrial Vertebrate Fauna Of The Kaiparowits Basin, N. Duane Atwood, Clyde L. Pritchett, Richard D. Porter, Benjamin W. Wood

Great Basin Naturalist

This report includes data collected during an investigation by Brigham Young University personnel from 1971 to 1976, as well as a literature review. The fauna of the Kaiparowits Basin is represented by 7 species of amphibians (1 salamander, 5 toads, and 1 tree frog), 29 species of reptiles (1 turtle, 16 lizards, and 12 snakes), 183 species of birds (plus 2 hypothetical), and 74 species of mammals. Geographic distribution of the various species within the basin are discussed. Birds are categorized according to their population and seasonal status. Avian habitat relationships are discussed, and extensions of range are reported for …


Plants Of Angel Island, Marin County, California, J. D. Ripley Dec 1980

Plants Of Angel Island, Marin County, California, J. D. Ripley

Great Basin Naturalist

The floristic composition of Angel Island, Marin County, California, is presented. The vascular flora consists of 416 native and naturalized plants, representing 252 genera and 73 families. Eighty species of ornamental plants persisting from cultivation, representing 64 genera and 39 families, are also identified. The nonvascular flora consists of 42 species of fungi, 7 species of green algae, 8 species of brown algae, and 41 species of red algae. The vascular flora occurs in seven plant communities and is composed mainly of the following plant types: forbs (69 percent), grasses (13 percent), shrubs (8 percent), and trees (4 percent). Approximately …


Postemergence Development And Interyear Residence Of Juvenile Columbian Ground Squirrels In The Idaho Primitive Area, Charles L. Elliott, Jerran T. Flinders Dec 1980

Postemergence Development And Interyear Residence Of Juvenile Columbian Ground Squirrels In The Idaho Primitive Area, Charles L. Elliott, Jerran T. Flinders

Great Basin Naturalist

A colony of Columbian ground squirrels in the Idaho Primitive Area was observed from 1976 to 1978. Seven body measurements were recorded for juveniles obtained in 1978. There was a lack of sexual dimorphism among developing juveniles. The hind foot was the fastest developing feature. Juveniles obtain adult size their second year. Juvenile males exhibited the lowest interyear residency of either sex or age group examined.


Index [And Table Of Contents] To Volume 40 Dec 1980

Index [And Table Of Contents] To Volume 40

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.