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A New High Pressure Sapphire Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Cell, Shi Bai, Craig M. Taylor, Charles L. Mayne, Ronald J. Pugmire, David M. Grant

Faculty Publications

A new version of a single-crystal sapphire high pressure nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) cell is described that is capable of controlling the sample pressure independent of the temperature. A movable piston inside the cell adjusts and controls the sample pressure from ambient conditions to 200 atm within plus or minus 0.3 atm. The linewidth at half-height for a 13C spectrum of carbon dioxide at 15degrees C and 57.8 atm is found to be 0.5 Hz. The carbon dioxide gas/liquid phase transition is clearly observed by measuring 13C chemical shifts as the sample pressure approaches equilibrium. The time required for this …

Determination Of Toxicity And Bioactivity Of Four Organic Insecticides Recommended For Control Of Pests In Vegetable Crops, Hugo Humberto Rodriguez Salvatierra

Theses and Dissertations

This work was done to determine the toxicity and bioactivity of four organic insecticides and ultimately find answers about their toxic potential. Thus, farmers will be able to take the necessary precautions when using them. This investigation was performed in the Laboratory of Biology of the Eastern University Center (Chiquimula) at the University of San Carlos, Guatemala. In order to determine the acute toxicity and bioactivity of the organic insecticides ANONAZO, BOX, AJORIN, and NARCISO, five doses were used in albino mice and three concentrations in nauplii of brine shrimp (Artemia salina). The finney basic program was used for calculating …

Nutritional And Alimentative State Of The Canaviri, Pocohata, Colina Blanca, Puente Arriba And Villa Arriendo, Ingavi Province, Department Of La Paz - 1996, Juana F. Moraima Gonzles Tapia

Theses and Dissertations

The intent of the present work responds to the necessity of the settlers in depressed areas of La Paz's Altiplano in Bolivia of knowing the reality surrounding the unfolding of their lives. The focus takes into account only one part of all that weighs down on them: that part dealing with their nutritional and alimentative state. This study takes in the communities of Canaviri, Pocohata, Colina Blanca, Puente Arriba, and Villa Arriendo of the Ingavi Province in the Department of La Paz. The variable taken into account is the families' nutritional situation; these families possessing the same status in the …

The Psychological Status Of Phonological Analyses, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

This paper casts doubt on the psychological relevance of many phonological analyses. There are four reasons for this: 1) theoretical adequacy does not necessarily imply psychological significance; 2) most approaches are nonempirical in that they are not subject to potential spatiotemporal falsification; 3) phonological analyses are established with little or no recourse to the speakers of the language via experimental psychology; 4) the limited base of evidence which most analyses are founded on is further cause for skepticism.

Christian Feminist Publications And Structures Of Constraint: A Comparison Of Daughters Of Sarah And Exponent Ii Within The Contexts Of Neo-Evangelicalism And Mormonism, Sasha S. Cluff

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis uses content analysis to compare two conservative Christian feminist publications: Daughters of Sarah, produced by neo-evangelical feminists, and Exponent II, produced by Mormon feminists. Findings are based on insights from three main theories: Debra Minkoff's organization-environment perspective, Nancy Folbre's model of collective action based on structures of constraint, and the church-sect typology from the sociology of religion literature. Although both organizations similarly endeavor to integrate feminist and religious identities, the loose boundaries of evangelicalism allow Daughters of Sarah to explore a more liberal feminist agenda and interact with broader feminist sources while still remaining within the …

Kinetic Analysis Of The Fate Of Nitric Oxide Synthesized By Macrophages In Vitro, Randy S. Lewis, Snait Tamir, Steven R. Tannenbaum, William M. Deen

Faculty Publications

To investigate the fate of nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by activated macrophages, the concentrations of NO and its principal reaction products, nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), were measured as a function of time in suspension cultures of RAW264.7 macrophages attached to microcarrier beads. Synthesis of NO became evident 2-5 h after stimulation of the cells, and steady concentrations of NO were achieved after about 9 h. The appearance of NO in the extracellular fluid coincided with the appearance of NO2- and NO3-, which were formed thereafter at approximately equal and constant rates. Using a kinetic model based on rate constants …

New Records Of Scolytidae From Washington State, Malcolm M. Furniss, James B. Johnson

Great Basin Naturalist

Eighteen species of Scolytidae are reported from Washington state for the first time or raised from obscurity: Scierus annectens LeConte, Hylesinus californicus (Swaine), Phloeotribus lecontei Schedl, Carphoborus vandykei Bruck, Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby), Crypturgus borealis Swaine, Pityogenes knechteli Swaine, Ips mexicanus (Hopkins), Ips perturbatus (Eichhoff), Ips plastographus plastographus (LeConte), Ips woodi Thatcher, Trypodendron betulae Swaine, Trypophloeus striatulus (Mannerheim), Procryphalus mucronatus (LeConte), Procryphalus utahensis Hopkins, Pseudopityophthorus pubipennis (LeConte), Pityophthorus alpinensis G. Hopping, and Pityophthorus grandis Blackman. Host tree and collection data are given for these species. A total of 105 scolytid species known from Washington are listed.

Relative Vulnerability To Extirpation Of Montane Breeding Birds In The Great Basin, J. Michael Reed

Great Basin Naturalist

Seventy-four species of montane breeding birds were evaluated for their vulnerability to extirpation in the Great Basin. Although none of these species are endemic to the Great Basin, the montane island system results in a unique pattern of species associations. Loss of species from these montane communities could be indicative of region wide habitat degradation. I ranked susceptibility to extirpation based on seven biological variables: geographic range, population size, reproductive potential, susceptibility to cowbird parasitism, migratory status, and diet specialization. Each variable was weighted equally in its contribution to vulnerability, and scores were the sum of trait scores for each …

Prey Choices And Foraging Efficiency Of Recently Fledged California Gulls At Mono Lake, California, Chris S. Elphick, Margaret A. Rubega

Great Basin Naturalist

We studied the foraging biology of recently fledged California Gulls (Larus californicus) at Mono Lake during August–September 1991. We made behavioral observations to collect information on the relative proportions of different prey types in the diet of these birds and took plankton tows to determine the relative abundance of each prey in the water column. These data show that alkali flies (Ephydra hians) were the primary constituent of the diet and that they were eaten at a much higher rate than one would expect based on their abundance. We also determined the number of feeding attempts …

End Matter, Vol. 55 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Reproduction In The Banded Sand Snake, Chilomeniscus Cinctus (Colubridae), From Arizona, Stephen R. Goldberg

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Vol. 55 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Grasshopper Densities On Grazed And Ungrazed Rangeland Under Drought Conditions In Southern Idaho, Dennis J. Fielding, Merlyn A. Brusven

Great Basin Naturalist

Low-density grasshopper populations were sampled at 15 pairs of rangeland sites in south central Idaho. One site of each pair had not been grazed by livestock for at least 10 years. Grazed sites were managed under normal grazing regimes established by the Bureau of Land Management.

Mean grasshopper density was higher on ungrazed sites than on grazed sites. Proportions of Melanoplus sanguinipes were higher on ungrazed sites than on grazed sites and were higher on annual grasslands than on other vegetation types. Effects of grazing appeared to be independent of vegetation type.

Proportions of Comhpocerinae, a subfamily of grasshoppers that …

No Acoustic Benefit To Subterranean Calling In The Cicada Okanagana Pallidula Davis (Homoptera: Tibicinidae), Allen F. Sanborn, Polly K. Phillips

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Vol. 55 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Decline Phases In Civilization, Regions And Oikumenes, David Wilkinson

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

Language And Civilization: Contributions Of Lingistics To The Comparison Of Cultures, Roger Williams Wescott

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

Alpine Vascular Flora Of The Tushar Mountains, Utah, Alan C. Taye

Great Basin Naturalist

The Tushar Mountains of southwestern Utah rise to a maximum elevation of 3709 m, with timberline and krummholz reaching maximum elevations of 3438 m and 3566 m, respectively. Voucher specimens were collected from the alpine region during eight field seasons to inventory this largely unknown alpine flora. Listed are 171 vascular plant species from 102 genera and 34 families that occur in eight types of plant communities within an alpine area of about 19.3 km², the seven largest families are Asteraceae (29 species), Poacea (20), Brassicaceae (13), Rosaceae (12), Cyperaceae (11), Caryophyllaceae (10), and Fabaceae (8). Thirteen species …

Front Matter, Vol. 55 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Saltation In Snakes With A Note On Escape Saltation In A Crotalus Scutulatus, Breck Bartholomew, Robert D. Nohavec

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

North American Types Of Oxytropis Dc. (Leguminosae) At The Natural History Museum And Royal Botanic Garden, England, With Nomenclatural Comments And A New Variety, S. L. Welsh

Great Basin Naturalist

Specimens of Oxytropis in the herbaria of The Natural History Museum and Royal Botanic Garden were examined to interpret their role in nomenclature. This is the first attempt at a systematic overview of specimens so important in understanding the genus as it occurs in North America. The review of specimens at BM and K during the present research has resulted in realignment of names of some of the taxa. Oxytropis campestris var. gracils (A. Nelson) Barneby is recognized herein as being predated by O. campestris var. spicata Hook., O. sericea var. spicata (Hook.) Barneby is replaced by O. sericea var. …

Mimulus Evanescens (Scrophulariaceae): A New Annual Species From The Northern Great Basin, Robert J. Meinke

Great Basin Naturalist

Recent taxonomic studies in Mimulus support the recognition of Mimulus evanescens, a new autogamous species morphologically allied with M. breviflorus and M. latidens. Initially known only from herbarium specimens, the most recent from 1958, M. evanescens was relocated in the field in 1990 in northern Lassen Co., CA. A second population was found in southern Lake Co., OR, in 1993. Mimulus evanescens is apparently confined to the Great Basin and its periphery, where it has been recorded from 10 localities across Idaho, Oregon, and California. Based on collection information and visits to the two extant populations, the new …

Effects Of Horse Grazing In Spring On Survival, Recruitment, And Winter Injury Damage Of Shrubs, Dennis D. Austin, Philip J. Urness

Great Basin Naturalist

The use of domestic grazers to shift the growth advantage toward shrubs is a commonly applied tool on winter ranges managed primarily for big game. Results from horses grazing in spring indicated grazing also benefits shrub survival, seedling recruitment, and reduced winter injury damage on some species of shrubs.

Full Issue, Vol. 55 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Soft Sediment Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities Of The Green River At The Ouray National Wildlife Refuge, Uintah County, Utah, Eric R. Wolz, Dennis K. Shiozawa

Great Basin Naturalist

Benthic macroinvertebrates from four habitat types (river channel, ephemeral side channel, river backwater, and seasonally inundated wetland) were examined from the Green River at the Ouray National Wildlife Refuge, Uintah County, UT, June–August 1991. For major taxa (Nematoda, Oligochaeta, Diptera: Ceratopogonidea, and Chironomidae) were quantified. Cluster analysis of densities showed that habitat types with comparable flow conditions were the most similar. Highest to lowest overall benthic invertebrate densities of the four habitats were as follows: ephemeral side channel, river backwater, seasonally inundated wetland, and river channel. Nematodes were the most abundant taxon in all habitat types and sample dates except …

Ecology Of Celtis Reticulata In Idaho, Ann Marie Debolt, Bruce Mccune

Great Basin Naturalist

The small deciduous tree Celtis reticulata (neatleaf hackberry) reaches its northern limit in Idaho, where, contrary to most of its western range, it often occurs as an overstory dominant. Two hundred fifty stands of this tree were sampled throughout Idaho. Celtis is slow-growing, averaging 4 m tall at 50 yr, and long-lived (to 300–400 yr). It occurs in a variety of habitats, from riparian to rocky uplands. Trees grow best where topographically sheltered, such as in draws and narrow canyons, and were soils are loamy. Although plants grow more slowly as surface rock cover increases, stands are often associated with …

Benthic Community Structure In Two Adjacent Streams In Yellowstone National Park Five Years After The 1988 Wildfires, G. Wayne Minshall, Christopher T. Robinson, Todd V. Royer, Samuel R. Rushforth

Great Basin Naturalist

Physical characteristics, benthic macroinvertebrates, and periphyton assemblages in two adjacent headwater streams in Yellowstone National Park were evaluated five years after the 1988 wildfires. The catchment of one stream was burned by wildfire (burned stream) while the other catchment was unburned (unburned stream). Physical measures revealed channel alteration in the burned stream relative to the unburned stream. Periphyton biomass was lower in the burned than the unburned stream (29.2 vs. 50.5 g/m² AFDM, respectively), further demonstrating the unstable physical conditions of that system. Kendall's coefficient of concordance (an index of similarity) between diatom assemblages was 0.22, indicating distinct assemblage …

Effects Of Browsing By Native Ungulates On The Shrubs In Big Sagebrush Communities In Yellowstone National Park, Francis J. Singer, Roy A. Renkin

Great Basin Naturalist

The effects of elk (Cervus elaphus), pronghorn (Antilocapra americana), and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) browsing on shrubs in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) communities were monitored over a 31-year period in Yellowstone National Park. Ungulates were restricting Wyoming big sagebrush (spp. wyomingensis) heights, size, and recruitment on the lower-elevation stratum only, while no such suppression was observed on the high-elevation stratum. Parallel increases in mountain big sagebrush (spp. vaseyana) densities and cover occurred over the study period on both browsed and unbrowsed sites at the higher-elevation stratum, although big sagebrush, green …

End Matter, Vol. 55 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

The Fourth Great Awakening And The Political Realignment Of The 1990s, Robert W. Fogel

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.