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Pitirim A. Sorokin On Order, Change And The Reconstruction Of Society: An Integral Perspective, Barry V. Johnston Oct 1999

Pitirim A. Sorokin On Order, Change And The Reconstruction Of Society: An Integral Perspective, Barry V. Johnston

Comparative Civilizations Review

Integration is simultaneously an epistemology, psychology, sociology of change and theory of history. It is the theoretical foundation of Sorokin’s general sociology and later works on the crisis of modernity, altruism and social reconstruction. This paper delineates the evolution of the concept from Social and cultural Dynamics to Sorokin’s work at the Harvard Research Center in Creative Altruism. What results from this chain of historical analysis is an integrated conceptual approach to the nature of humanness, knowledge, conflict resolution, and prosocial forms of human organization. As a result, integralism broadens sociological discourse and yields new insights into social problems and …

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Alan Roland: Cultural Pluralism And Psychoanalysis: The Asian And North American Experience., Ashok Malhotra Oct 1999

Alan Roland: Cultural Pluralism And Psychoanalysis: The Asian And North American Experience., Ashok Malhotra

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

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By Study And Also By Faith: The Faculty At Brigham Young University Responds, Keith J. Wilson Oct 1999

By Study And Also By Faith: The Faculty At Brigham Young University Responds, Keith J. Wilson

BYU Studies

This article present significant statistical information about BYU faculty attitudes toward faith and scholarship gathered in a 1998 survey conducted at selected religious universities by researchers at Baylor University.

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Jared Diamond. Guns, Germs, And Steel: The Fates Of Human Societies., Laina Farhat-Holzman Oct 1999

Jared Diamond. Guns, Germs, And Steel: The Fates Of Human Societies., Laina Farhat-Holzman

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

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Mathematical Modelling Of Extracellular Matrix Dynamics Using Discrete Cells: Fiber Orientation And Tissue Regeneration, J. C. Dallon, J. A. Sherratt, P. K. Maini Aug 1999

Mathematical Modelling Of Extracellular Matrix Dynamics Using Discrete Cells: Fiber Orientation And Tissue Regeneration, J. C. Dallon, J. A. Sherratt, P. K. Maini

Faculty Publications

Matrix orientation plays a crucial role in determining the severity of scar tissue after dermal wounding. We present a model framework which allows us to examine the interaction of many of the factors involved in orientation and alignment. Within this framework, cells are considered as discrete objects, while the matrix is modeled as a continuum. Using numerical simulations, we investigate the effect on alignment of changing cell properties and of varying cell interactions with collagen and fibrin.

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Pondering The Word, Dennis Packard, Sandra Packard Jul 1999

Pondering The Word, Dennis Packard, Sandra Packard

Journal of Book of Mormon Studies

Despite the emphasis that the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints places on scriptures, particularly the Book of Mormon, some members find it difficult to truly love the scriptures. This article claims that by pondering the scriptures often, members can better understand and appreciate the prophetic words. In order to find a deeper love for the scriptures, readers should consider the following details while reading: the setting of a passage; the meaning of various words and phrases; the author’s attitude when he wrote the passage; the possible comparisons between passages; the possible implied messages of the authors; the possible …

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Habitat Use Of Leatherside Chub (Gila Copei) In The Presence Of Predatory Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta), Chris A. Walser, Mark C. Belk, Dennis K. Shiozawa Jul 1999

Habitat Use Of Leatherside Chub (Gila Copei) In The Presence Of Predatory Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta), Chris A. Walser, Mark C. Belk, Dennis K. Shiozawa

Great Basin Naturalist

The objectives of this study were to (1) examine distribution and habitat use of leatherside chub (Gila copei) in a creek with high densities of predatory brown trout (Salmo trutta), and (2) compare study results with published accounts of leatherside chub habitat use in streams with few or no brown trout. A 14-km section of Diamond Fork Creek, Utah, was point-shocked to determine macrohabitat (main channel and lateral habitat) and microhabitat (current, depth, substrate, and cover) use of leatherside chub. At the macrohabitat level, leatherside chub were most common in lower reaches of Diamond Fork Creek …

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Cheek Pouch Capacities And Loading Rates Of Deer Mice (Peromyscus Maniculatus), Stephen B. Vander Wall, William S. Longland Jul 1999

Cheek Pouch Capacities And Loading Rates Of Deer Mice (Peromyscus Maniculatus), Stephen B. Vander Wall, William S. Longland

Great Basin Naturalist

Eight deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus were attracted to bait stations in the field and filled their cheek pouches with seeds. Pouch capacity of the deer mice, which have small, internal cheek pouches, was 0.45 ± 0.11 mL, about 12–27% of that carried by similar-sized heteromyid rodents. Cheek pouches of deer mice, although small, give them the capacity to carry 3–5 times more food than unspecialized mice. This presumably increases efficiency of deer mice in exploiting small, particulate food items that are patchily distributed.

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Habitat Characteristics Of Reptiles In Pinyon-Juniper Woodland, Michael L. Morrison, Linnea S. Hall Jul 1999

Habitat Characteristics Of Reptiles In Pinyon-Juniper Woodland, Michael L. Morrison, Linnea S. Hall

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Full Issue, Vol. 59 No. 3 Jul 1999

Full Issue, Vol. 59 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Limitations On Canada Goose Production At Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge, Dorie S. Stolley, John A. Bissonette, John A. Kadlec Jul 1999

Limitations On Canada Goose Production At Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge, Dorie S. Stolley, John A. Bissonette, John A. Kadlec

Great Basin Naturalist

At Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge, only 18 to 34 Canada Goose goslings were fledged per year from 1989 to 1993. In addition to the number of breeding pairs, a wide variety of variables can influence goose production, including clutch size, and nest, egg, and fledging success. We examined these variables at Fish Springs in 1996 and 1997 by finding and monitoring nests, and then following broods. We found that despite a limited number of breeding pairs on the refuge, production was further limited by poor ground nest success and low fledging success. Only 51.2% (n = 22) of …

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Ecological Review And Management Recommendations For Recovery Of The Endangered Gila Topminnow, W. L. Minckley Jul 1999

Ecological Review And Management Recommendations For Recovery Of The Endangered Gila Topminnow, W. L. Minckley

Great Basin Naturalist

Ecology of the endangered Gila topminnow is reviewed, described, and reconstructed; natural conditions are placed in perspective with human-altered habitats of today. In the natural state of waxing and waning of habitat size as a function of precipitation patterns and catastrophic events such as severe winter cold, the species in the past likely underwent dramatic expansions and contractions in population size and geographic range. Today, population expansions are unlikely because of constraints imposed by human activities. The original patterns of dispersal from refugia in "good" times and retreat in "bad" times, if they are to occur, must be re-created through …

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Ecology Of Flannelmouth Sucker In The Lee's Ferry Tailwater, Colorado River, Arizona, Ted Mckinney, William R. Persons, Roland S. Rogers Jul 1999

Ecology Of Flannelmouth Sucker In The Lee's Ferry Tailwater, Colorado River, Arizona, Ted Mckinney, William R. Persons, Roland S. Rogers

Great Basin Naturalist

We investigated ecology of flannelmouth sucker (Catostomus latipinnis) from 1992 to 1997 in the 26-km Lee's Ferry reach of the Colorado River immediately below Glen Canyon Dam, Arizona. We captured by electrofishing a total of 212 fish and recaptured 52 previously tagged by others. Flannelmouth sucker were captured throughout the tailwater but tended to aggregate about 5 km of the dam, possibly reflecting blockage of historic migration routes. Catch per hour of electrofishing did not differ among years but was greater from November to February than other periods, suggesting seasonal movements of flannelmouth sucker into the tailwater. Mean …

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Distribution Of The Species Phrynosoma Platyrhinos In Utah, Wilmer W. Tanner Jul 1999

Distribution Of The Species Phrynosoma Platyrhinos In Utah, Wilmer W. Tanner

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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New Records And Habitat Information For Sorex Merriami In Nebraska, Russell A. Benedict, Jay D. Druecker, Hugh H. Genoways Jul 1999

New Records And Habitat Information For Sorex Merriami In Nebraska, Russell A. Benedict, Jay D. Druecker, Hugh H. Genoways

Great Basin Naturalist

We report the collection of 8 additional specimens of Sorex merriami from northwestern Nebraska; previously only 2 specimens had been collected in the state. The new specimens were captured in pitfall traps and Sherman live-traps from 1979 through 1996 in Dawes, Sheridan, and Sioux counties. These individuals were caught together with Sorex cinereus and several rodent species in a variety of grassland habitats, including disturbed roadsides dominated by native and introduced grasses and forbs, grassland openings in forests of ponderosa pine, and an open, dry grassland. Seven of the new specimens, captured in late May, early June, and December, were …

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Characteristics Of Natal And Non-Natal Kit Fox Dens In The Northern Chihuahuan Desert, Penny J. Rodrick, Nancy E. Mathews Jul 1999

Characteristics Of Natal And Non-Natal Kit Fox Dens In The Northern Chihuahuan Desert, Penny J. Rodrick, Nancy E. Mathews

Great Basin Naturalist

We studied kit fox den characteristics of the northern McGregor Range of Fort Bliss Military Reservation, New Mexico, during 1994 and 1995. Twenty radio-collared kit foxes used 132 different dens, including 16 natal dens. Kit fox dens were located primarily in creosote-dominated habitat found in relatively flat, well-drained terrain. Natal dens were virtually indistinguishable from non-natal dens; however, natal den entrances were taller than non-natal den entrances. Entrances found at all dens were oriented more frequently toward the northwest and southeast. Kit foxes used more new dens during the breeding (January–February) and pup-rearing season (May–July) than during gestation.

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Effects Of Habitat Type And Degradation On Avian Species Richness In Great Basin Riparian Habitats, Ian G. Warkentin, J. Michael Reed Jul 1999

Effects Of Habitat Type And Degradation On Avian Species Richness In Great Basin Riparian Habitats, Ian G. Warkentin, J. Michael Reed

Great Basin Naturalist

The overwhelming majority of bird species in the Great Basin region are found in riparian habitats. However, most previous research on the impact of change in habitat condition through degradation on these bird communities failed to account for the large intersite differences, in both habitat type and extent of degradation. We examined songbird communities in 4 riparian habitat types (meadows, willow-, birch-, and aspen-dominated forest stands) during summers 1994 (last year of a 7-yr drought) and 1995 (following the 6th wettest winter recorded) in the Toiyabe Mountain Range of central Nevada. Habitat degradation significantly influenced bird species richness in riparian …

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Bat Distribution And Hibernacula Use In West Central Nevada, Amy J. Kuenzi, Giselle T. Downard, Michael L. Morrison Jul 1999

Bat Distribution And Hibernacula Use In West Central Nevada, Amy J. Kuenzi, Giselle T. Downard, Michael L. Morrison

Great Basin Naturalist

We captured 299 individuals of 11 bat species in mist-nets at 18 water sources in west central Nevada from June through August 1994. Myotis ciliolabrum, Pipistrellus hesperus, M. californicus, and Corynorhinus townsendii were the most common species captured. These species are apparently broadly distributed throughout west central Nevada, occurring in a variety of habitat types. We captured Euderma maculatum at 2 localities. These represent the 1st known records of this species in Esmeralda County, Nevada. Mine adits were surveyed for hibernating bats from December 1994 through February 1995. We determined the presence of 3 hibernating species: C. townsendii, M. …

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Front Matter, Vol. 59 No. 3 Jul 1999

Front Matter, Vol. 59 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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A Neural Model Of Centered Tri-Gram Speech Recognition, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur Jul 1999

A Neural Model Of Centered Tri-Gram Speech Recognition, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur

Faculty Publications

A relaxation network model that includes higher order weight connections is introduced. To demonstrate its utility, the model is applied to the speech recognition domain. Traditional speech recognition systems typically consider only that context preceding the word to be recognized. However, intuition suggests that considering both preceding context as well as following context should improve recognition accuracy. The work described here tests this hypothesis by applying the higher order relaxation network to consider both precedes and follows context in speech recognition. The results demonstrate both the general utility of the higher order relaxation network as well as its improvement over …

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Extending The Power And Capacity Of Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Xinchuan Zeng Jul 1999

Extending The Power And Capacity Of Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Xinchuan Zeng

Faculty Publications

This work focuses on improving the Hopfield network for solving optimization problems. Although much work has been done in this area, the performance of the Hopfield network is still not satisfactory in terms of valid convergence and quality of solutions. We address this issue in this work by combing a new activation function (EBA) and a new relaxation procedure (CR) in order to improve the performance of the Hopfield network. Each of EBA and CR has been individually demonstrated capable of substantially improving the performance. The combined approach has been evaluated through 20,000 simulations based on 200 randomly generated city …

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The Robustness Of Relaxation Rates In Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur Jul 1999

The Robustness Of Relaxation Rates In Constraint Satisfaction Networks, Tony R. Martinez, Dan A. Ventura, D. Randall Wilson, Brian Moncur

Faculty Publications

Constraint satisfaction networks contain nodes that receive weighted evidence from external sources and/or other nodes. A relaxation process allows the activation of nodes to affect neighboring nodes, which in turn can affect their neighbors, allowing information to travel through a network. When doing discrete updates (as in a software implementation of a relaxation network), a goal net or goal activation can be computed in response to the net input into a node, and a relaxation rate can then be used to determine how fast the node moves from its current value to its goal value. An open question was whether …

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"A Plea For The Horse": George Q. Cannon's Concern For Animal Welfare In Nineteenth-Century America, Aaron R. Kelson Jul 1999

"A Plea For The Horse": George Q. Cannon's Concern For Animal Welfare In Nineteenth-Century America, Aaron R. Kelson

BYU Studies

Taking a position somewhat unusual for his time, President George Q. Cannon actively taught respect for animals as a matter of religious principle.

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The Mean Spherical Approximation For A Dipolar Yukawa Fluid, Douglas Henderson, Dezso Boda, Istvan Szalai, Kwong-Yu Chan May 1999

The Mean Spherical Approximation For A Dipolar Yukawa Fluid, Douglas Henderson, Dezso Boda, Istvan Szalai, Kwong-Yu Chan

Faculty Publications

The dipolar hard sphere fluid (DHSF) is a useful model of a polar fluid. However, the DHSF lacks a vapor–liquid transition due to the formation of chain-like structures. Such chains are not characteristic of real polar fluids. A more realistic model of a polar fluid is obtained by adding a Lennard–Jones potential to the intermolecular potential. Very similar results are obtained by adding a Yukawa potential, instead of the Lennard–Jones potential. We call this fluid the dipolar Yukawa fluid (DYF). We show that an analytical solution of the mean spherical approximation (MSA) can be obtained for the DYF. Thus, the …

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The Mycobactericidal Efficacy Of Orthophthalaldehyde And The Comparative Resistances Of Mycobacterium Bovis, Mycobacterium Terrae, And Mycobacterium Chelonae, Richard A. Robison, Adam W. Gregory, G. Bruce Schaalje, Jonathan D. Smart May 1999

The Mycobactericidal Efficacy Of Orthophthalaldehyde And The Comparative Resistances Of Mycobacterium Bovis, Mycobacterium Terrae, And Mycobacterium Chelonae, Richard A. Robison, Adam W. Gregory, G. Bruce Schaalje, Jonathan D. Smart

Faculty Publications

Objectives: To assess the mycobactericidal efficacy of an agent relatively new to disinfection, ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) and to compare the resistances of three Mycobacterium species. Mycobacterium bovis (strain BCG) was compared with Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium terrae to investigate the feasibility of using either of the latter two species in tuberculocidal testing. M chelonae (a rapid grower) and M terrae (an intermediate grower) both grow faster and are less virulent than M bovis (a slow grower).

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Biogeography And Physiological Adaptations Of The Brine Fly Genus Ephydra (Diptera: Ephydridae) In Saline Waters Of The Great Basin, David B. Herbst Apr 1999

Biogeography And Physiological Adaptations Of The Brine Fly Genus Ephydra (Diptera: Ephydridae) In Saline Waters Of The Great Basin, David B. Herbst

Great Basin Naturalist

Four species of the genus Ephydra are commonly found in saline waters within the hydrologic Great Basin: E. hians, E. gracilis, E. packardi, and E. auripes. Though none of these brine flies is endemic (distributions also occur outside the Great Basin), they all inhabit distinctive habitat types and form the characteristic benthic insect fauna of inland saline-water habitats. The affinities of each species for different salinity levels and chemical compositions, and ephemeral to perennial habitats, appear to form the basis for biogeographic distribution patterns. Within any habitat, changing salinity conditions over time may impose physiological or ecological constraints …

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Emergence Patterns Of Large Stoneflies (Plecoptera: Pteronarcys, Calineuria, Hesperoperla) In A Montana River, Andrew L. Sheldon Apr 1999

Emergence Patterns Of Large Stoneflies (Plecoptera: Pteronarcys, Calineuria, Hesperoperla) In A Montana River, Andrew L. Sheldon

Great Basin Naturalist

Emergents of Pteronarcys californica, Calineuria californica, and Hesperoperla pacifica were captured with replicated emergence traps at 3 sites along the banks of Rock Creek, Montana. Pteronarcys emergence in early June was short (88% of individuals in 6 d) and attained rates of 5 m−1 d−1 (shoreline distance) and cumulative densities up to 19 m−1 yr−1. Calineuria emerged synchronously (89% in 9 d) 2 wk later at densities up to 7 m−1 d−1 and 40 m−1 yr−1. The less numerous Hesperoperla (5 individual m−1 yr−1) had a …

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C[Harles] Lynn Hayward, Herbert H. Frost, Wilmer W. Tanner Apr 1999

C[Harles] Lynn Hayward, Herbert H. Frost, Wilmer W. Tanner

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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End Matter, Vol. 59 No. 2 Apr 1999

End Matter, Vol. 59 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter, Vol. 59 No. 2 Apr 1999

Front Matter, Vol. 59 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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