Digital Commons Network^™

Characterization Of Field Populations Of Magarites Pupillus (Gould) (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia), Stephen Craig Schroeter

Theses and Dissertations

Field populations of Margarites pupillus (Gould), a numerically abundant prosobranch mollusc occuring on rocky shores in Puget Sound, Washington, have previously received little autecological attention. Seawater table studios and SCUBA observations led to the following conclusions: Populations of Margarites are primarily subtidal. Population density and growth are directly related to algal canopy density. Algal canopy may function in reducing predator efficiency, Margarites populations have a 1:1 sex-reatio and no size dimorphism. Sexually mature individuals live for at least two years, and possibly more than four years.

Helminths Of Sceloporus Lizards In The Great Basin And Upper Colorado Plateau Of Utah, Richard Carlyle Pearce

Theses and Dissertations

This study was prompted by the scarcity of information on helminths in Sceloporus lizards of Utah. It reports these worms and includes references to parasites of reptiles in the appendix. A microscopic examination of the coelom, mesenteries, liver, lungs, esophagus, stomach, and intestines of 55 lizards was made, but helminths were recovered only from stomachs and intestines. Examination of S. graciosus yielded Opchoristica scelopori, a cestode found in the duodenum, and Cyrtosomum penneri, C. readi, and C. heynemani, three nematodes of the cecum. The latter two are new nematodes for this host species. Examination of S. undulatus yielded three new …

Enzymatic Synthesis Of Oligoribonucleotides Of Defined Base Sequence, Bronwyn Geraldine Hughes

Theses and Dissertations

A possible method for the synthesis of ordered oligoribonucleotides involves primer-dependent polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) synthesis using the RNase A or T1 resistant N-cyclohexyl-N'-β(4-methylmorpholinium)ethylcarbodiimide chloride (CMC-Cl) derivatives of uridine or guanosine containing primers. Thus, CMC-UpA, CMC-GpA, CMC-UpCpC, CMC-GpApC, and ApApApApU-CMC were prepared and studied as primers for PNPase in 15 min 14C-ADP polymerization reactions and also in 6-10 hr synthesis reactions. The CMC-primers were not suitable primers for PNPase catalyzed synthesis reactions for either time. The PNPases used in such studies were contaminated with nuclease that showed the following order of susceptibility: UpA > CpC, GpA > ApU, ApA. Even a highly purified …

The Boraginaceae Of Utah, Larry C. Higgins

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

This paper presents a revision of the family Boraginaceae for the state of Utah. Ninety-three species in seventeen genera are recognized. The treatment includes keys, synonymy, descriptions, and citations of representative specimens found in the various herbaria in the state of Utah. The new combination Lappula occidentalis (Wats.) Greene var. cupulata (Gray) Higgins is presented.

End Matter, Vol. 16 No. 3

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Vol. 16 No. 3

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Plants New To The Utah Flora, Larry C. Higgins

Great Basin Naturalist

New additions to the Utah flora include Cryptantha dumetorum Greene, C. elata (Eastwood) Payson, C. longiflora (Nels.) Payson (Boraginaceae), Hulsea heterochroma A. Gray, Parthenium incanum H. B. K. (Compositae), Arctostaphylos pringlei C. C. Parry (Ericaceae), Eremocarpus setigerus (Hook.) Benth., Euphorbia micromera Boiss, Tragia ramose (Euphorbiaceae), Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) Beauv., Schismus arabicus Nees. (Gramineae), Epilobium nevadense Munz (Onagraceae), Lomatium megarrhizum (A. Nels.) Mathias (Umbelliferae), and Aloysia wrightii (Gray Heller) Verbenaceae.

Prey Stage Distribution, A Factor Affecting The Numerical Response Of Typhlodromus Occidentalis To Tetranychus Mcdanieli And Tetranychus Pacificus, B. A. Croft

Great Basin Naturalist

The ability of Typhlodromus occidentalis to oviposit and numerically increase when consuming various life stage distributions of Tetranychus mcdanieli and Tetranychus pacificus were studied at several interaction levels. On field-collected apple leaves and 6×6 cm artificial substrates, oviposition rates and rates of increase (r) were higher when predators were fed populations of spider mites with high proportions of eggs, and larvae as compared to prey colonies composed mainly of deutonymphs-male adults and female adults. Feeding studies indicated that reproductive differences were mainly due to increased predation and food intake when predators were offered eggs and larvae of Tet. …

Observations On The Nesting Biology Of The Long-Billed Curlew, Dennis M. Forsythe

Great Basin Naturalist

Observations were made on four nesting attempts by Long billed Curlews (Numenius americanus) in 1965 and 1966 in Box Elder and Cache Counties, Utah. The location, nest composition, and number of eggs of each nest are presented. In one instance eggs were laid at intervals of forty eight hours or less. Data on weight and measurement and color of eggs are given. Data for the only two completed nests indicates incubation periods of twenty-seven and twenty-eight days respectively. The distraction display of the incubating family is described for the first time.

The Sonoran Subspecies Of The Lizard Ctenosaura Hemilopha, Hobart M. Smith

Great Basin Naturalist

Five subspecies of Ctenosaura hemilopha are recognized, including C. h. hemilopa from Baja California; C. h. insulana from Isla Cerralvo, Gulf of California; C. h. conspicuosa from Isla San Esteban and (?) Isla Lobos. Gulf of California; and two new subspecies: C. h. macrolopha from Sonora and northern Sinaloa, and C. h. nolascensis from Isla San Pedro Nolasco, Gulf of California. The species is thought to have evolved from C. pectinata, through the somewhat similar C. h. macrolopha or its forerunner. Its range probably extended at an earlier time northward around the Gulf of California, thence southward through Baja California, …

Front Matter, Vol. 32 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 32 No. 2

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 16 No. 1

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Vol. 16 No. 1

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

The Hyobranchium And Throat Myology Of The Adult Ambystomidae Of The United States And Northern Mexico, John E. Krogh, Wilmer W. Tanner

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

The 16 species and subspecies of the Ambystomidae of the United States are placed into six groups according to their throat morphology as follows: The Dicamptodon group, the Rhyacotriton group, the A. Annulatum–A. cingulatum group, the A. gracile-A. jeffersonianum-A. mabeei-A. macrodactylum-A. maculatum group, the A. talpoideum group, the A. opacum-A. texanum group, and the A. rosaceum-A. t. tigrinum-A. t. melanostictum-A. t. nebulosum group. Dicamptodon appears to be the most primitive group and Rhyacotriton the most specialized. Based on the morphology of the throat region it is suggested that A. rosaceum be placed in the tiger salamander group as a subspecies …

The Reproductive Biology Of The Leech Helobdella Stagnalis (Linnaeus) In Utah Lake, David L. Tillman

Theses and Dissertations

The reproductive biology of the brooding leech Helobdella stagnalis (Linnaeus) in Utah Lake was studied for an 18 month period from June 1970 to December 1971. In determining the annual reproductive cycle, the number of adult leeches carrying eggs or young were counted at weekly intervals during the reproductive season and monthly during the rest of the year. Gonadal staging data from histological sections were correlated with the field collection data. It was found that two broods of young were produced by the adult animals during the reproductive season. Continuous water temperatures were recorded at the study site throughout the …

Enzymatic Synthesis Of Oligoribonucleotides Of Defined Base Sequence, Mark J. Rowe

Theses and Dissertations

The synthetic reaction of ribonuclease T_1 has been studied as to its potential for the synthesis of oligoribonucleotides of defined base sequence. Conditions have been determined for maximum synthesis with respect to percentage incorporation of both guanosine 2',3'-cyclic phosphate (donor), and cytidine (acceptor). With regard to maximum acceptor incorporation, a donor blocked at the 5'-hydroxyl has been used to drive the reaction. It has also been shown that acceptor incorporation decreases as the chain-length increases up to the hexanucleotide. Synthesis of a 3'-blocked substrate for polynucleotide phosphorylase for use in chain termination studies was attempted using adenylate kinase. In this …

Synthesis And Metal Coordination Properties Of Some Cyclic Polyethers And Polythioethers, Barry Lant Haymore

Theses and Dissertations

Thermodynamic values for cation-cyclic polyether interactions for several systems are reported and discussed in light of ligand geometry, cation selectivity, solvent effects, structure, stoichiometry and the nature of the coordinate bond. Cyclic polyethers are shown to be remarkably good ligands even in water and to have marked selectivity for d0, d10 and d10 s2 cations. Syntheses of one new cyclic polyether and several new mixed cyclic polyether-thioethers are reported. Cyclic chelates with smaller rings are shown to prefer smaller cations, but this selectivity is masked by the hydration energy of the cation. Except for thiophillic cations such as Hg2+ and …

The Bottom Fauna Of Fish Lake, Utah And Its Relationship To The Trout Fishery, Dennis L. Shirley

Theses and Dissertations

One-hundred and three bottom samples taken at Fish Lake, Utah from July, 1969 to June, 1970 were analyzed to determine the abundance, distribution, and standing crop of the bottom fauna species and to relate their availability to the amount of food eaten by the trout. Twenty-three taxa, representing three phyla and 19 families were collected. An amphipod, Gammarus limnaeus, in the littoral zone, and a tubificid worm, Rhyacodrilus coccineus, in the sublittoral and profundal zones, were the most abundant species. All 23 species were unevenly distributed in the littoral zone, whereas, only eight were found in the sublittoral and five …

Analysis Of Asexual Reproduction Dugesia Dorotocephala, Harvey Dee Mecham

Theses and Dissertations

Genetic control of decapitation-induced fission in planaria is mediated by stimulator and inhibitor molecules. Resolution of the two factors was accomplished by filtration chromatography of whole planaria extract. The stimulator (M.W. 2500 to 3500) was purified with ion exchange chromatography and increases the multiple fission rate. The inhibitor (M.W. 20,000 to 50,000) is non-dialyzable, heat labile and is inactivated unless kept frozen. Storage at 4°C results in a loss of inhibitory capacity with a concomitant stimulator increase, suggesting a protein-stimulator complex as the inhibitor. In light of a demonstrated animal intercommunication system, the inhibitor-stimulator complex is hypothesized as part of …

Front Matter, Vol. 16 No. 2

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Understory Characteristics Related To Site Quality For Aspen In Utah, James H. Warner, Kimball T. Harper

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

An analysis has been made of the basic ecology of aspen forests of the mountainous areas of Utah and northern Arizona. Forty-nine study areas have been examined in respect to density, height and age of the tree cover, tree reproduction, and composition and biomass production of the understory. A graphic model of interspecific assocations among prevalent understory species has been prepared by a cluster-analysis procedure based on presence and absence of species in 1,225 small quadrats (0.25 m²) uniformly distributed among the 49 stands. The model separates species of relatively stable as opposed to rapidly seral aspen forests. …

End Matter, Vol. 16 No. 2

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Two New Subspecies Of Crotaphytus (Sauria: Iguanidae), Nathan M. Smith, Wilmer W. Tanner

Great Basin Naturalist

Analysis of the Crotaphytus collaris complex reveals at least eight subspecies in two distinct groupings. The collaris-complex containing C. c. auriceps, C. c. baileyi, C. c. fuscus, and C. c. collaris lies essentially to the east of the Colorado River. The greatest portion of the western-complex containing C. c. bicinctores, C. i. vestigium, C. c. dickersonae and C. i. insularis lies to the west of the Colorado River except through western Arizona and northern Mexico. Two previously undescribed subspecies, C. c. bicinctores and C. i. vestigium, are described and named.

A New Species Of Stenamma (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) From Utah, Robert E. Gregg

Great Basin Naturalist

Stenamma knowltoni is described as a new species from various localities in northern Utah and southern Idaho. The new species falls clearly into the large eyed group of M. R. Smith's monograph of Stenamma.

End Matter, Vol. 32 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

The Contributions Of The 1822 Works Of Jarocki And Fleming To Herpetological Nomenclature, Robert C. Feuer, Hobart M. Smith

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Fossil Palm Materials From The Tertiary Dipping Vat Formation Of Central Utah, William D. Tidwell, David A. Medlyn, Gregory F. Thayn

Great Basin Naturalist

The Rhizopalmoxylon (petrified palm roots) species from the hills west of Redmond, Utah were originally reported as from the Jurassic Arapien Shale. However, the Utah State Geologic Map upon which this was largely based is erroneous, and the strata containing the palm roots are in the Tertiary Dipping Vat Formation, rather than in the Jurassic Arapien Shale. From the palm roots previously reported, three new species have been identified: Rhizopalmoxylon behuninii, R. blackii, and R. scottii.

Specimens of the new species, Palmoxylon gustavesonii, were collected from the Dipping Vat Formation east and south of Redmond. This formation unconformably overlies the …

Front Matter, Vol. 32 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

On The Mechanism Of Low-Temperature Termolecular Atomic Recombination, Russell T. Pack, Richard L. Snow, Wesley D. Smith

Faculty Publications

A simple theory of gas-phase termolecular atomic recombination kinetics is presented which treats the bound-complex (BC) mechanism in a fashion which parallels the Roberts, Bernstein, and Curtiss resonance theory of the energy-transfer (ET) mechanism. The ET rate constant has a low temperature maximum, but the BC rate constant does not. The contributions of the two mechanisms to the low-temperature recombination of hydrogen atoms, with He, Ar, and H2 as third bodies, are estimated and compared. The presence (absence) of a low-temperature maximum in the observable total rate constant is determined by absence (presence) of bound vibrational levels of the hydrogen-third …