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A Comparison Of Meteorologic Measurements From Irrigated And Non-Irrigated Plots, Provo, Ut, 1970–1972, Ferron L. Andersen, Phil D. Wright, J. Carl Fox

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

A comparative study of micrometeorologic conditions on irrigated and non-irrigated pasture plots was conducted at Provo, Utah, from 1970 to 1972. Daily measurements were taken of the following: precipitation cither as rain or snow, new snowfall and total snow depth during the winter; relative humidity in a standard weather shelter; number of hours at maximum relative humidity; cloud cover each morning; potential evaporation; total wind 1 m above ground level; temperature extremes in a standard weather shelter; and temperatures both on irrigated and non-irrigated plots with sensing devices located 5 cm beneath soil surface under grass cover, at soil surface …

A Taxonomic Study Of The Western Collared Lizards, Crotaphytus Collaris And Crotaphytus Insularis, Nathan M. Smith, Wilmer W. Tanner

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

The heterogeneous nature of the collared lizards west of the Colorado River prompted this study. Samples from known populations of C. c. auriceps, C. c. baileyi, and C. c. fruscus were used as a base for defining the western populations. External morphology and cranial morphology were compared by cluster, canonical, and discriminant analyses.

Results of these analyses show a western complex of four populations which are distinct from the three base populations of the collaris complex. Members within the western complex are distinguishable with at least 90 percent reliability by discriminant analysis. Because of intergradation patterns seen in western Sonora, …

Macrocyclic Polyether Sulfide Syntheses, The Preparation Of Thia-Crown-3, 4, 6, And 7 Compounds, Yau-Kwong Joseph Hui

Theses and Dissertations

Macrocyclic polyether sulfides have been prepared by reacting an oligoethylene glycol dichloride with a dithiol or sodium sulfide in ethanol. The following new compounds were prepared: 1-thia-(9-crown-3), 1,4-dithia-(9-crown-3), 1,4-dithia-(12-crown-4), 1,4,7-trithia-(12-crown-4), 1-thia-(18-crown-6), I,4-dithia-(18-crown-6), 1,7-dithia-(18-crown-6), 1,4,7-trithia-(18-crown-6), 1,7-dithia-(21-crown-7), 1,4,7-trithia-(21-crown-7). Four other previously reported macrocyclic polyether sulfides were also prepared. The symmetry of the nmr spectra of these compounds give added evidence for the proposed ring structures. The following subjects were presented and discussed: studies of cyclization by-products, dependence of cyclization yield on the size of the rings, high dilution principle and its application, medium-sized rings, effect of hetero-atoms on cyclization and melting point …

Pathological Changes In Tissues Collected From Kangaroo Rats At The Nevada Test Site, Michael Scott Fisher

Theses and Dissertations

Structural aberrations induced in chromosomes by irradiation have been described and classified in great detail (Bender, 1969; Arena, 1971). According to Bender (1969), these aberrations appear after exposure to ionizing irradiation following cell division, or persist unmodified and unrecognizable in interphase cells for many years. In either case, these aberrations persist and can be seen years after radiation exposure.

Substrate Color Matching In The Grasshopper, Circotettix Rabula (Orthoptera: Acrididae), George W. Cox, Darla G. Cox

Great Basin Naturalist

Mechanisms important in maintaining substrate color matching in the grasshopper, Circotettix rabula, were studied near Aspen, Colorado, during the summers of 1968–70. Studies concentrated on populations on gray shale and red sandstone substrates. In both areas, collections revealed appreciable numbers of mismatched phenotypes among all age groups. The possibility of developmental homochromy was examined by observation of nymphs held in rearing boxes on matching and contrasting soil colors. The behavioral selection of matching substrate colors was tested by preference experiments. While not negating the possibility of these mechanisms, results suggested that they were of minor importance. Predation experiments, using Sceloporus …

The Generic Name Of The North American Musk Turtles, Hobart M. Smith, Kenneth R. Larsen

Great Basin Naturalist

Although several recent workers have used the name Sternothaerus for the North American musk turtles, the rules of priority render Sternotherus the correct name for them. The generic type fixation by Stejneger of S. odoratus is accepted.

Studies On The Tolerance Of Aquatic Insects To Low Oxygen Concentrations, Arden R. Gaufin, Robert Clubb, Robert Newell

Great Basin Naturalist

Acute, short-term (96-hour) tests were conducted to determine the relative sensitivity of low oxygen concentrations to 20 species of aquatic insects. In addition, the longer-term effects of low oxygen levels on the survival, molting, growth, and emergence of 21 species were studied. This paper encompasses work conducted at the University of Montana Biological Station from 1968 to 1970 and at the University of Utah from 1966 to 1972.

An evaluation of the average minimum dissolved-oxygen requirements of the different groups of aquatic insects tested indicates that the mayflies are the most sensitive, that the stoneflies are next, and that the …

Numeric Analysis Of The Lizard Genus Sceloporus With Special Reference To Cranial Osteology, Kenneth R. Larsen, Wilmer W. Tanner

Great Basin Naturalist

Numerical statistical methods were used to analyze the species in the genus Sceloporus using cranial osteology, external meristic and numeric characters, karyology, display behavior, and geographic distribution.

A new classification for the genus is proposed with three major branches or groups. Group I contains 7 species in 3 species groups. Group II contains approximately 19 species in 5 species groups. Group III contains approximately 32 species in 5 species groups. This classification is supported by the cluster analysis of several different sets of data. Cranial osteology, zoogeography, behavior, and karyology are shown to be taxonomically significant as numeric characters. Stepwise …

End Matter, Vol. 34 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Vol. 34 No. 1

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 19 No. 2

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Taxonomy Of The Genus Chloris (Gramineae), Dennis E. Anderson

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

This study is a worldwide taxonomic treatment utilizing endomorphic characters such as cytology, histology, and embryology, in addition to the traditional exomorphic features. New chromosome numbers and histological information are reported. Relationships between Chloris and other genera in the Chlorideae are discussed. A total of 56 species is recognized in the genus; each is described and illustrated. Complete synonymies are included as well as a list of unidentified or rejected names. Distributions and maps are given for each species, along with lists of specimens examined during studies at various herbaria. Reports of field studies involving introgression among certain species are …

Front Matter, Vol. 19 No. 2

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Vol. 19 No. 1

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

New Species Of American Bark Beetles (Scolytidae, Coleoptera), Stephen L. Wood

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

The following 156 species of American Scolytidae are described as new to science: Cnesinus reticulus (Venezuela), C. beaveri (Brazil), C. teretis (Venezuela), C. alienus (Venezuela), C. deperditus (Colombia), C. fulgens (Venezuela), C. fulgidus (Colombia), C. lucaris (Venezuela), C. triangularis (Colombia), C. brighti (Mexico), C. coracinus (Mexico), Bothrosternus lucidus (Brazil), Hylastes niger (Mexico), Xylechinus mexicanus (Mexico), Phloeotribus nanus (Brazil), Chramesus corniger (Mexico), Ch. disparilis (Mexico), Ch. variabilis (Mexico), Ch. microporosus (Mexico), Ch. aquilus (Mexico), Ch. wisteriae (Mississippi), Ch. marginatus (Mexico), Carphoborus piceae (Oregon), Carphobius cupressi (Guatemala), Cladoctonus atrocis (Brazil), Scolytodes canalis (Mexico), S. costabilis (Mexico), Pseudothysanoes contrarius (Mexico), P. recavus (Mexico), …

End Matter, Vol. 19 No. 1

Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series

No abstract provided.

The Nominal Snake Genera Mastigodryas Amaral, 1934, And Dryadophis Stuart, 1939, Hobart M. Smith, Kenneth R. Larsen

Great Basin Naturalist

Some recent workers who have combined the genera Mastigodryas Amaral, 1834, and Dryadophis Stuart, 1939, under the former name, have done so prematurely in view of characters by Amaral that differentiate them. Either the genera should be maintained distinct, or the younger, but widely-known name, Dryadophis, should be retained through exercise of the plenary powers of the ICZN, already requested.

Notes On The Occurrence And Distribution Of Pteronarcys Californica Newport (Plecoptera) Within Streams, John A. Elder, Arden R. Gaufin

Great Basin Naturalist

During a physiological study that required the collection of several thousand stoneflies, Pteronarcys californica, observations were made on the distribution of these aquatic insects within streams. It was noted that P. californica occur primarily in large rivers that have loose, unconsolidated substrates and swift currents. They occur from depths of six inches to several feet. They are exclusively vegetarian, feeding on detritus, algae, and diatoms. P. californica congregate in dense clumps, but within the clumps they segregate by size. The largest specimens are found in the quietest water. There is evidence of some seasonal variation in their behavior.

Significant Bird Records From Utah, William H. Behle

Great Basin Naturalist

New or additional records of six species of birds are reported for Utah: Red-throated Loon, Black-legged Kittiwake, Vaux's Swift, Blue Jay, Magnolia Warbler, and Rose-breasted Grosbeak. All are substantiated by museum specimens. Unless reported for the first time, other records for the state for these rare birds are summarized.

Density Changes And Habitat Affinities Of Rodents Of Shadscale And Sagebrush Associations, Earl J. Larrison, Donald R. Johnson

Great Basin Naturalist

Rodent trapping was conducted in representative northern Great Basin habitat types for six consecutive years to determine the magnitude of density change, the specific habitat affinities, and the effects of habitat alteration on rodent density. Although species responded differently, total rodent density was greater in depleted shadscale and sagebrush communities than in comparable pristine sites. However, disturbed sites with nearly pure stands of weedy introduced annuals supported few rodents. Several species exhibited abrupt and concurrent yearly changes in density. The factors causing these changes were not identified. Until this information is available, we can develop only crude models to predict …

End Matter, Vol. 33 No. 4

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Local Distribution And Interspecies Interactions In Microtines, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, Tim W. Clark

Great Basin Naturalist

Some ecological relationships and interspecies interactions (i.e., habitat, foods, and reproduction) between Microtus pennsylvanicus pullatus, M. montanus nanus, M. longicaudus mordex, and Clethrionomys gapperi galei were investigated in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. Trapping was conducted from June–July, 1968 and May–July, 1969 yielding 110 M.p.p., 171 M.m.n., 17 M.l.n. and 41 C.g.g. Six plant communities were defined structurally; all communities contained voles but varied considerably in numbers of species and individuals. Analyses of stomach contents showed similar diets. Embryo counts indicated that there was no significant interspecies differences in litter sizes. Females of all species were pregnant in about equal …

Rotationally Inelastic Molecular Scattering. Computational Tests Of Some Simple Solutions Of The Strong Coupling Problem, Thomas P. Tsien, Gregory A. Parker, Russell T. Pack

Faculty Publications

Partial cross sections (opacity functions) for rotational transitions in atom-diatom collisions are computed in the infinite-order sudden (IOS) approximation and compared with accurate close-coupling (CC) calculations. Agreement is good in the dominant coupling (small total angular momentum J) region. Simple methods for calculating integral inelastic cross sections are discussed, and it is found that accurate cross sections can often be computed very simply, even when large numbers of channels are coupled together, by using IOS or first-order sudden (FOS) approximations for small J and CC or exponential Born (EBDW) methods for large J.

The Effects Of Soil Texture On Species Diversity In An Arid Grassland Of The Eastern Great Basin, John W. Wyckoff

Great Basin Naturalist

A primary factor limiting plant species diversity in desert grasslands seems to be soil texture. Loamy soils consistently support more species than do adjacent sands. This is probably related to the increased micro-environmental differences associated with heavy textured soils. Such soils would be expected to have more microtopographic and soil moisture variations than sandy soils.

Front Matter, Vol. 33 No. 3

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Further Studies On The Wasps Of Jackson Hole, Wyoming (Hymenoptera, Aculeata), Howard E. Evans

Great Basin Naturalist

In a report published in 1970, 190 species of wasps were reported from Jackson Hole, Wyoming, and notes were presented on the biology of several ground nesting species. In this paper, records of 18 additional species are presented. A short account of the biology of a ground nesting species, Tachysphex aethiops Cresson, is included. Also included are accounts of four species that accepted wooden trap nests during the summer of 1971: Symmorphus cristatus (Saussure), Ancistrocerus adiabatus (Saussure), both Eumenidae; Trypoxylon aldrichi Sandhouse, Passaloecus cuspidatus Smith, both Sphecidae. Notes are presented on nest structure, prey, and parasites in each instance.

Courtship Behavior Among White-Tailed And Black-Tailed Jackrabbits, Del F. Blackburn

Great Basin Naturalist

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Haloxon And Thiabendazole On The Free-Living Stages Of Haemonchus Contortus, Gary Mccallister

Theses and Dissertations

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of thiabendazole and haloxon on the free-living stages of Haemonchus contortus and to determine the suitability of the free-living stages for their use in primary drug evaluation for chemotherapy or for chemical control of free-living stages. Cleaned unembryonated ova, embryonated ova, first-, second-, third-, and exsheathed third-stage larvae were exposed to suspensions of 5.0%, 1.0%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.12%, 0.05%, and water soluble concentrations of each drug for exposure times of 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 hours at pH 7.0 and 25° C. Survival was assessed by observing any subsequent …

State Of Bacterial Dna After Uptake Into The Roots Of Germinating Barley Seeds, Larry Dale Lawson

Theses and Dissertations

Germinating barley seeds have been shown to take up Bacillus subtilis DNA labelled with 5-bromouracil and tritiated thymidine and retain the DNA in the root system without substantially degrading it. The percentage of bacterial DNA recovered from the total root DNA was independent of the amount of bacterial DNA available for uptake. Four observations indicated the stability of bacterial DNA after uptake into barley roots: (1) the bacterial DNA retained its transforming ability after recovery from the roots; (2) the labelled B. subtilis DNA showed similar CsCl density gradient patterns before uptake and after uptake; (3) most of the radioactivity …

Light And Electron Microscopy Investigation Of Developing Wheat Caryopses Infected By Tilletia, Melvin Douglas Grove

Theses and Dissertations

Caryopses of wheat were studied during infection by Tilletia caries and T. controversa. Initially the pathogens penetrated embryos of the host. After the embryo tissue was consumed by the fungi, endosperm tissue was penetrated and consumed. Initial penetration of endosperm tissue was in localized areas. During infection the fungus mycelium spread intercellularly, but occasionally was seen intracellularly. As the host tissue was consumed teliospores were formed. At maturity a host cell layer 4-6 cells thick remained which retained the mature teliospores. Histochemical studies indicated that carbohydrates and lipids of the host disappeared soon after invasion by the pathogens. Nuclei and …