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Refill Friction Stir Fastener Repair In Aa7050-T7451, Andrew John Curtis Jun 2023

Refill Friction Stir Fastener Repair In Aa7050-T7451, Andrew John Curtis

Theses and Dissertations

The majority of Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding (RFSSW) is used to join two materials together oriented in a lap joint configuration. In this study, RFSSW was investigated and tested using an unconventional configuration setup, a hole/plug insertion approach. RFSSW was tested as a means of repairing a cracked rivet hole due to excessive use conditions. This was done by inserting a plug into a hole and using the RFSSW process to bond the plug to the base material. Machine and tool limits were investigated to determine if a refilled plug repair was possible and if complete mixing between plug/hole …

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The Effects On Self-Regulation And Productive English Proficiency Of The Application Of Mental Contrasting And Implementation Intention (Woop) In Esl Writing Classes, Ka Yue Chan Jun 2023

The Effects On Self-Regulation And Productive English Proficiency Of The Application Of Mental Contrasting And Implementation Intention (Woop) In Esl Writing Classes, Ka Yue Chan

Theses and Dissertations

The present study looked at the effects of a self-regulatory goal setting framework (WOOP) implemented in writing classes that were developed by Oettingen (2018) using Mental Contrasting and Implementation Intentions (MCII). The study examined English learners' development on self-reported self-regulation and proficiency levels in an Intensive English Program (IEP) in the United States over the course of two 14-week semesters. A total of 238 English Language Learners participated in the study and took the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SSRQ) where the scores were analyzed to determine development over time. The analysis showed no statistically significant differences. However, experimental group participants' self-reported …

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Pivotal Response Treatment To Decrease Challenging Behavior And Increase Functional Communication In Preschool Children With Developmental Delays, Kalie Alexandra Gilmour Jun 2023

Pivotal Response Treatment To Decrease Challenging Behavior And Increase Functional Communication In Preschool Children With Developmental Delays, Kalie Alexandra Gilmour

Theses and Dissertations

After a review of the literature on Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) in young children with developmental delays, less was known on its effects on challenging behavior and functional communication in preschool age children receiving services in a traditional public school. A multiple baseline design across three participants was used to evaluate the effects of PRT on the functional communication of three preschool students with developmental delays. Based on a functional analysis, we also observed the effects of PRT on challenging behavior. A visual analysis of the data revealed a functional relation between PRT and functional communication and provided promising evidence …

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Quantifying Speech Pause Durations In Typical English Speakers, John Hoffer Jun 2023

Quantifying Speech Pause Durations In Typical English Speakers, John Hoffer

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines filled and unfilled pause durations between utterances in the speech of 60 people with no language disorder. It also evaluates the proportions of different pause lengths, examines the location of pauses within an isolated speech sample, and compares speech pause in male speakers and female speakers. Using speech samples gathered from a picture description task, Praat acoustic analysis software was used to segment C-units and measure pause duration between utterances (Boersma & Weenink, 2022; Öktem et al., 2021). Descriptive statistics were used to analyze these data, including pause duration mean and standard deviations. Pause mean durations ranged …

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Accounting For Oral Language Skills In Children With Dyslexia: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Natalie Kay Olsen Miller Jun 2023

Accounting For Oral Language Skills In Children With Dyslexia: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Natalie Kay Olsen Miller

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: In the present study, we conducted a systematic review to determine whether studies involving children with dyslexia include the assessment of oral language skills in their assessment batteries across various professional disciplines. Overlooking assessment of oral language in children with dyslexia may result in the misinterpretation of research findings and applications to children who present with both dyslexia and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) or experience secondary oral language deficits. Method: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched the Elsevier Scopus database and obtained and analyzed 764 articles, up to 40 articles …

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Design, Synthesis And Immunological Testing Of Minimal Oligosaccharide Epitopes For Glycoconjugate Vaccines Targeting Capsular Polysaccharides Of Serotypes 3, 4, 7f And 9v Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Seth A. Taylor Jun 2023

Design, Synthesis And Immunological Testing Of Minimal Oligosaccharide Epitopes For Glycoconjugate Vaccines Targeting Capsular Polysaccharides Of Serotypes 3, 4, 7f And 9v Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Seth A. Taylor

Theses and Dissertations

The rise in antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria has led to the need for new methods of combatting bacterial infection. Since the surfaces of bacteria are covered in uniquely patterned capsular polysaccharides, vaccines targeting these polysaccharides have become a popular field of research for protection against pathogenic bacteria. Though licensed polysaccharide vaccines are commercially available, they lack the efficiency to protect patients that are immunocompromised or at high risk because they elicit T cell independent immune responses, resulting in low-affinity antibodies. To elicit a T cell dependent response and thereby recruit B cells that produce high-affinity antibodies, a vaccine was …

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Investigating The Use Of Translational Methods To Characterize Therapeutic Interventions In Models Of Pulmonary Disease, Ashley Rae Chang Jun 2023

Investigating The Use Of Translational Methods To Characterize Therapeutic Interventions In Models Of Pulmonary Disease, Ashley Rae Chang

Theses and Dissertations

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with no known cause or cure. IPF has an incidence of 75/1,000,000 of the population, predominately in men over the age of 60. This relatively rare disease develops in a chronic and progressive way, ultimately leading to death within two to five years of diagnosis. Our use of translatable methodologies in the bleomycin mouse model of IPF led to the novel identification of the similarities between the average percent loss of lung function in previous human clinical trials to that of our mouse model data. There is no treatment for IPF …

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Soft Contact Lens Tear Film Proteomics For Clinical Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery, Robert Kimball Roden Jun 2023

Soft Contact Lens Tear Film Proteomics For Clinical Diagnostic Biomarker Discovery, Robert Kimball Roden

Theses and Dissertations

Human tear film is an accessible biospecimen rich with useful biological information. As tear protein biomarkers for both ocular and systemic diseases have been identified in tears, efforts are being made to create point-of-care tests useful for clinical diagnoses. However, there are significant obstacles to tear diagnostics, including inadequate sampling methods and biomarkers with insufficient sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, tear film diagnostics are particularly challenging for dry eye disease (DED) patients, where low tear volume makes sampling more difficult and the multifactorial nature of DED makes identifying the exact pathological subtype very complex. As soft contact lenses (SCLs) are designed …

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Cesium Voltilization In Lif-Bef2: Predicting Release In The Event Of Fhr Fuel Failure, Johnny Hedrick Williams Jun 2023

Cesium Voltilization In Lif-Bef2: Predicting Release In The Event Of Fhr Fuel Failure, Johnny Hedrick Williams

Theses and Dissertations

This work demonstrates how ICP-MS can be employed to evaluate cesium volatilization from LiF-BeF2 (Flibe) salt with ab initio molecular dynamics studies used as corroborating data to better understand cesium behavior. Using mixtures of Flibe with 2 mol% CsF, it was found that cesium was stable within the salt melt at temperatures between 500-650°C over a time span of 8 hours. At 800°C, cesium vaporized from the salt at a rate of 0.83% / hr with a mass flux of 0.0023 g Cs / cm2hr. The atomistic modeling results show poor solvation of Cs at 500°C and 800°C, with stability …

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The Performative History Of Tomboys In Anglophone Literature Prior To Little Women, Kimber Palmer Jun 2023

The Performative History Of Tomboys In Anglophone Literature Prior To Little Women, Kimber Palmer

Theses and Dissertations

This paper examines the expansive history of literary tomboys in the century preceding Louisa May Alcott's Little Women (1868). Applying concepts from gender performativity theory, it explores earlier and previously overlooked portrayals of tomboys (or, alternatively, "hoydens" or "romps"), especially in Richard Brinsley Sheridan's A Trip to Scarborough (1777), Isaac Bickerstaffe's The Romp; A Comic Opera in Two Acts (1786), Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey (1817), and E.D.E.N. Southworth's The Hidden Hand (1859). Because the tomboy phenomenon emphasizes that gender roles must be learned and can be resisted, tomboy characters are …

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Gratitude Training For Promoting Subjective Well-Being: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Journaling To A Personalized Menu Approach, Conner Lee Deichman Jun 2023

Gratitude Training For Promoting Subjective Well-Being: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Journaling To A Personalized Menu Approach, Conner Lee Deichman

Theses and Dissertations

Research suggests a link between gratitude and subjective well-being exists. Research on gratitude practices have shown to increase gratitude, subjective well-being, and other related outcomes. However, the efficacy of gratitude practices may be limited by the rote application of the gold standard gratitude practice--the gratitude journal. Such findings suggest that a more comprehensive, adaptable, and flexible gratitude practice may be needed. This study examined the efficacy of the My Best Self 101 (MBS101) gratitude module: an online gratitude resource that provides psychoeducation about gratitude along with a menu of empirically based gratitude practices. Using a randomized controlled design method, this …

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Family Of Origin Stress, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, And Resource Loss For Couples During Covid-19: A Longitudinal Analysis, Betsy Hughes Barrow Jun 2023

Family Of Origin Stress, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, And Resource Loss For Couples During Covid-19: A Longitudinal Analysis, Betsy Hughes Barrow

Theses and Dissertations

The pandemic affected daily life on an unprecedented global scale resulting in the need for adaptation and flexibility to cope with ongoing stress, uncertainty, and loss that may affect couple relationships. Understanding resource loss in the context of mass stress events is critical because resource loss has been defined as the primary agent of stress (Hobfoll, 1989). As such, it is important to understand what factors may have shaped the degree of resource loss incurred during the pandemic. Extant research implies that considering early life adversity may be useful to explore as it may be a form of resource loss …

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Securing Wireless Communication Via Information-Theoretic Approaches: Innovative Schemes And Code Design Techniques, Morteza Shoushtari Jun 2023

Securing Wireless Communication Via Information-Theoretic Approaches: Innovative Schemes And Code Design Techniques, Morteza Shoushtari

Theses and Dissertations

Historically, wireless communication security solutions have heavily relied on computational methods, such as cryptographic algorithms implemented in the upper layers of the network stack. Although these methods have been effective, they may not always be sufficient to address all security threats. An alternative approach for achieving secure communication is the physical layer security approach, which utilizes the physical properties of the communication channel through appropriate coding and signal processing. The goal of this Ph.D. dissertation is to leverage the foundations of information-theoretic security to develop innovative and secure schemes, as well as code design techniques, that can enhance security and …

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Exploration Of The Impact Of Gender-Affirming Care And Social Support On Executive Functioning And Mental Health In Gender-Diverse Autistic And Non-Autistic Adults, Karys Michaela Normansell-Mossa Jun 2023

Exploration Of The Impact Of Gender-Affirming Care And Social Support On Executive Functioning And Mental Health In Gender-Diverse Autistic And Non-Autistic Adults, Karys Michaela Normansell-Mossa

Theses and Dissertations

Between 4.8% and 26% of adults presenting to gender dysphoria clinics have an autism diagnosis. Both autistic people and gender-diverse people have higher rates of mental health conditions including anxiety and depression and more difficulties with executive functioning, all of which impact quality of life. Some work suggests that gender affirmation leads to better mental health outcomes, including better executive functioning, but this has not been studied directly in autistic adults who identify as gender-diverse or transgender. As such, we elected to explore the relationships among these variables at this intersection of gender diversity and autism. In a sample of …

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Exploring Surface Silanization And Characterization Of Thin Films: From Surface Passivation To Microstructural Characterization Of Porous Silicon/Silica, And Exploratory Data Analysis Of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Images, Behnam Moeini Jun 2023

Exploring Surface Silanization And Characterization Of Thin Films: From Surface Passivation To Microstructural Characterization Of Porous Silicon/Silica, And Exploratory Data Analysis Of X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Images, Behnam Moeini

Theses and Dissertations

Surface chemistry plays a key role in science and technology because materials interact with their environments through their surfaces. Understanding surface chemistry can help alter/improve the properties of materials. However, surface characterization and modification often require multiple characterization and synthesis techniques. Silicon/silica-based materials are technologically important, so studying their surface properties can enable future advancements. In this dissertation, I explore surface modification and characterization of different types of Si/SiO2 thin films, including silicon wafers, fused silica capillary columns, and oblique angle sputtered Si/SiO2 thin films. In Chapters 2-5, I first present a method to rapidly silanize silica surfaces using a …

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Visions Of Mary: Patria As The New Mestiza Madonna In Alvarez's In The Time Of The Butterflies, Mila Argueta Jun 2023

Visions Of Mary: Patria As The New Mestiza Madonna In Alvarez's In The Time Of The Butterflies, Mila Argueta

Theses and Dissertations

Alvarez’s In the Time of the Butterflies is a fictional depiction of three sisters who are lauded for their role in ending the supremacist, womanizing, and terror-inspiring reign of Trujillo. While, one character, Patria, seems to represent the traditional, and at times cloistered, life of a Dominican wife and mother (reflecting the Malinche and sufrida archetypes), the text also shows her transformation into one of the most vital figureheads of the revolution. I find that when she joins the revolution, she comes as a transformed Marian-figure. Unlike Ibez Gomez Vega and other feminist scholars who have categorized Patria as one …

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Mental Health Literacy In Polynesian Native Hawaiians And Other Pacific Islanders: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study, Kealoha Sarah Reiko Snow Jun 2023

Mental Health Literacy In Polynesian Native Hawaiians And Other Pacific Islanders: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Study, Kealoha Sarah Reiko Snow

Theses and Dissertations

Background: High prevalence of mental health problems and underutilization of mental health treatment are more severe among the Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander (NHPI) population and remain misunderstood and understudied. Examining mental health literacy (MHL)–the knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders which aid their recognition, management, or prevention–has been shown to identify barriers to seeking and receiving care. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the level of MHL in Polynesian NHPIs and identify associated demographic variables. Methods: Data for this pilot cross-sectional study were collected from 298 US Polynesians via an online questionnaire of the Mental Health Literacy Scale …

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Examination Of The Role Of The Lana Protein In Persistence Of Kaposi’S Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infections, Marshall Sheide, Dr. Bradford Berges Jun 2023

Examination Of The Role Of The Lana Protein In Persistence Of Kaposi’S Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infections, Marshall Sheide, Dr. Bradford Berges

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Kaposi’s sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) is one of seven known cancer causing viruses which have the capacity to persist in the host for many years. This particular virus can undergo a long latent infection which ensures that the virus can hide by not expressing its genes. Last year, we proposed an experiment that would show the importance of a particular gene in the viral genome, LANA, in establishing a latent infection. The experiment required us to create stocks of a mutant virus that did not have the LANA gene inside (bac36deltaLANA) and then infect humanized mice with it. After infection, …

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Casting For A Putative Dna Binding Sequence For Nbmp2, Brian Earley, Dr. Laura Bridgewater Jun 2023

Casting For A Putative Dna Binding Sequence For Nbmp2, Brian Earley, Dr. Laura Bridgewater

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Bmp2 is a secretory mammalian protein that plays important roles in bone development and adult pathology. Recently, a nuclear variant (nBmp2) was discovered with an unknown function for this typically secretory protein in the nucleus (Felin et al., 2010). The purpose of this project is to find an in vitro DNA binding sequence for nBmp2. This discovery would lead to further research for how nBmp2 could affect transcription in vivo. However, since the conception of this CASTing project 16 months ago, I have faced challenges in plasmid construction, cell culture, and concessions with a fused nBmp2:GFP plasmid. While the plasmid …

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Use Of Highway Infrastructure By Bats: A Literature Review And Survey Of The Trans-Pecos Region Of Texas, Holly G. Wilson, Stirling J. Robertson, Richard D. Stevens Jun 2023

Use Of Highway Infrastructure By Bats: A Literature Review And Survey Of The Trans-Pecos Region Of Texas, Holly G. Wilson, Stirling J. Robertson, Richard D. Stevens

Western North American Naturalist

Bats are important components of nature and provide both monetary and nonmonetary benefits to mankind. While anthropogenic effects on wildlife and their habitats are typically viewed as negative, highway infrastructure might benefit numerous species of plants and animals, bats in particular. Cracks, crevices, and grooves within structures provide places for bats to roost. Here we review the literature on this topic as well as describe results of our own survey of bridges and culverts in the Trans-Pecos of Texas. We surveyed 204 bridges and 768 culverts between 2018 and 2019. We observed 7 species of bats using bridges or culverts …

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The Target Model For Genealogical Networks, Kolton Baldwin Jun 2023

The Target Model For Genealogical Networks, Kolton Baldwin

Theses and Dissertations

Several large-scale projects including FamilySearch, Ancestry, BALSAC (University of Quebec), and others have gathered incredible amounts of genealogical data ranging from millions to billions of individuals. To study the structure of this data, we propose a model that generates a genealogical network based on real-world genealogical data using two key features: (i) geodesic distance between couples prior to union and (ii) the number of children per couple. The distribution of the distance to a couples' nearest common ancestor in an observed community captures the global scale at which biological cycles form in the underlying genealogical network. Similarly, the number of …

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Fundamentals Of International Religious Freedom: An Open Access Asynchronous Online Course Design, Johanna Chan Jun 2023

Fundamentals Of International Religious Freedom: An Open Access Asynchronous Online Course Design, Johanna Chan

Instructional Psychology and Technology Graduate Student Projects

The International Center for Law and Religion Studies (ICLRS) associated with the J. Reuben Clark Law School, has presented religious freedom training around the world to government officials, non-governmental organization (NGO) leaders, scholars, and others. The purpose of this project was to redesign their original training presentations into an openly accessible asynchronous online course. The content for this online course has previously been used in live instruction (in the form of brief lesson plans and PowerPoints), including a presentation of six two-hour sessions to 100 Guatemalan human rights officials. Live training on religious freedom was previously completed in China, Myanmar, …

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The Pioneering Efforts Of Ellen Larsen: The First Female Sports Information Director At Brigham Young University, Kiana Schlenker Jun 2023

The Pioneering Efforts Of Ellen Larsen: The First Female Sports Information Director At Brigham Young University, Kiana Schlenker

Theses and Dissertations

Title IX began the change of integrating women's sports into universities, but it was up to each university's athletic administration, external media sources, and public relations practitioners to determine how female athletes and sports were supported and publicized. In 1976, Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah hired Ellen Larsen as its first female sports information director responsible for women's sports. Through her 19 years as a sports information director at BYU, Larsen was an advocate for her athletes and helped pave the way for future female athletic administration roles. While there is plenty of literature on male sports information directors, …

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Conodont Sequence Biostratigraphy Of The Upper Honaker Trail Formation, Cheyenne Autumn Pratt Jun 2023

Conodont Sequence Biostratigraphy Of The Upper Honaker Trail Formation, Cheyenne Autumn Pratt

Theses and Dissertations

The Paradox Basin is a northwest-southeast trending intracratonic basin that formed in southwestern Colorado, southeastern Utah and adjacent parts of Arizona and New Mexico during the late Paleozoic Era. During rise of the adjacent Uncompahgre Uplift (Ancestral Rocky Mountains), the rapidly subsiding basin was filled with over 2000 m of Permo-Pennsylvanian sediments that reflect a complex interplay of changing tectonic, paleoecological, and climatic conditions that resulted in cyclic packages of mixed lowstand and non-marine siliciclastics and highstand shallow-platform carbonates. The 150 m-thick Honaker Trail formation straddles the transition from mostly marine carbonates to mostly non-marine siliciclastics on the southwest shelf …

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Improving Restoration Success Of Winterfat: Influences Of Hydrophobic Seed Coatings And Planting Depth On Seedling Emergence, Kyle Andrew Cook Jun 2023

Improving Restoration Success Of Winterfat: Influences Of Hydrophobic Seed Coatings And Planting Depth On Seedling Emergence, Kyle Andrew Cook

Theses and Dissertations

In western North America, winterfat (Krascheninnikovia lanata (Pursh) A. Meeuse & Smit) is a valuable protein-rich subshrub whose restoration has been limited by poor seed flowability and low rates of seedling establishment. Seed flowability can be limited by a dense covering of hairs on winterfat fruits that can cause them to clog in mechanized equipment. Seedling establishment can be limited by premature germination of fall-sown seeds that can cause over-winter seedling mortality from freezing, pathogen attack, and winter drought. Seed coatings may provide a way to overcome both of these barriers to winterfat restoration. Coatings can compress hairs against the …

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The Effects Of An Oral Narrative And Expository School-Age Language Intervention: A Low-Dosage Study, Giana H. Hunsaker Jun 2023

The Effects Of An Oral Narrative And Expository School-Age Language Intervention: A Low-Dosage Study, Giana H. Hunsaker

Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This study is Phase One of a multi-phase research initiative. The purpose of this study was to examine how well a low-dose, dual oral narrative and expository language intervention delivered in a small group setting improved expressive and receptive oral narrative and expository language in kindergarten, first grade, and second grade students who have been identified as having language disorder or emerging English academic language. Method: We administered a dynamic assessment of language to 325 kindergarten, first, and second grade students from two elementary schools in two school districts. The results of the dynamic assessment identified 61 students who …

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Evaluating Parameter Uncertainty In Transportation Demand Models, Natalie Mae Gray Jun 2023

Evaluating Parameter Uncertainty In Transportation Demand Models, Natalie Mae Gray

Theses and Dissertations

The inherent uncertainty in travel forecasting models -- arising from errors in input data, parameter estimation, or model formulation -- is receiving increasing attention from the scholarly and practicing community. In this research, we investigate the variance in forecasted traffic volumes resulting from varying the mode and destination choice parameters in an advanced trip-based travel demand model. Using Latin hypercube sampling to construct several hundred combinations of parameters across the plausible parameter space, we introduce substantial changes to mode and destination choice logsums and probabilities. However, the aggregate effects of of these changes on forecasted traffic volumes is small, with …

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Evaluating Effects Of Urban Growth Within The Greater Salt Lake Area On Local Meteorological Conditions Using Urban Canopy Modeling, Corey L. Smithson Jun 2023

Evaluating Effects Of Urban Growth Within The Greater Salt Lake Area On Local Meteorological Conditions Using Urban Canopy Modeling, Corey L. Smithson

Theses and Dissertations

The increasing urbanization of the greater Salt Lake City area (GSLA) has contributed to the development of an urban canopy over this area. This canopy refers to the effects of building profiles, varying land surface properties and anthropogenic heating on local meteorological conditions including temperature, humidity, and wind velocity. Urban Canopy Models (UCMs) can be used to represent these characteristics on a mesoscale without needing to develop models accounting for effects of individual buildings. One method used to classify urban areas are Local Climate Zones (LCZs), which assign different properties to different types of urban areas. A baseline model that …

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Predictive Modeling The Impact Of Engineered Products In Dynamic Sociotechnical Systems: An Agent-Based Approach, Christopher S. Mabey Jun 2023

Predictive Modeling The Impact Of Engineered Products In Dynamic Sociotechnical Systems: An Agent-Based Approach, Christopher S. Mabey

Theses and Dissertations

The impact of engineered products is a topic of increasing concern in society. The impact of a product can fall into the categories of economic, environmental, or social impact; the last category is defined as the effect of a product on the daily lives of people. Design teams lack sufficient tools to help improve the impact of products and understand the impact of products at scale in society. This dissertation aims to provide insight and methods for improving the social, environmental, and economic impact of engineered products. The majority of the research focuses on the prediction of product impacts on …

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Affichage: Posters As A Powerful Tool Of Protest, Politics, And Propaganda In France, Brigit Cooper Jun 2023

Affichage: Posters As A Powerful Tool Of Protest, Politics, And Propaganda In France, Brigit Cooper

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This article explores the importance of French political posters throughout history and how they reveal complex connections between the subjects of immigration, colonization, and racism in France. An overview of the history of immigration and colonization in France is offered, and the history of posters in France is covered briefly. Posters from World War I to the present day are then analyzed for their political content and social commentary. The specific case of the 1995 Ibrahim Ali murder committed by far-right National Front activists and the posters involved are also studied as a potent example of the power of posters …

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