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Articles 1981 - 2010 of 19131

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Improving Xrd Analysis With Machine Learning, Rachel E. Drapeau Aug 2023

Improving Xrd Analysis With Machine Learning, Rachel E. Drapeau

Theses and Dissertations

X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) is an inexpensive method to quantify the relative proportions of mineral phases in a rock or soil sample. However, the analytical software available for XRD requires extensive user input to choose phases to include in the analysis. Consequently, analysis accuracy depends greatly on the experience of the analyst, especially as the number of phases in a sample increases (Raven & Self, 2017; Omotoso, 2006). The purpose of this project is to test whether incorporating machine learning methods into XRD software can improve the accuracy of analyses by assisting in the phase-picking process. In order to provide …

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Perceptions Of "Southern" In Utah English, Chad M. Huckvale Aug 2023

Perceptions Of "Southern" In Utah English, Chad M. Huckvale

Theses and Dissertations

In this study, two experiments are conducted to study language regard of Utah English. Experiment 1 is a draw-a-map study wherein participants were asked to mark areas on a map to of Utah where people speak differently (Preston 1989; Bucholtz et al. 2007). Experiment 2 uses a new research method, referred to here as a "perceptual audio survey". With this method, participants are asked to listen to recordings of native English speakers and identify where in Utah the speaker is likely from (Preston 1996:320-328; Cramer & Montgomery 2016:11). Crucially though, the speakers used in this experiment were from throughout the …

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Lumbar Skin Strain Fields In The Context Of Skin Adhered Wearables, Andrew Kent Gibbons Aug 2023

Lumbar Skin Strain Fields In The Context Of Skin Adhered Wearables, Andrew Kent Gibbons

Theses and Dissertations

A comprehensive background is herein presented for lumbar skin strain and its effect on skin adhered wearable (SAW) products. A background of the development of computational models of the interaction of skin and novel SAWs being researched is also presented. These include products involving the use of high deflection strain gauges to measure skin strain during functional movements (FMs) as a method to address the complicated phenotyping of the etiological causes of low back pain (LBP). The background concludes with the mathematical calculation of the principal skin strain magnitudes and orientations using retroreflective marker coordinate data in a motion capture …

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Religious Commitment, Religious Harm, And Psychological Distress: Course Of Treatment Outcomes, Dane Abegg Aug 2023

Religious Commitment, Religious Harm, And Psychological Distress: Course Of Treatment Outcomes, Dane Abegg

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the intersection of religion, mental health, and psychotherapy, specifically focusing on the concept of religious injury or harm. The literature review reveals a gap in research regarding the identification of religion as a potential source of emotional pain in religious individuals. To address this gap, this longitudinal study utilized intake data from 1303 clients and follow-up data from 748 clients three months after the completion of psychotherapy treatment. Primary objectives of the study were to examine whether religious commitment changes over the course of psychotherapy, explore if religious commitment influences mental health counseling outcomes, and better understand …

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The Effect Of Shadowing With Text Presentation On Intermediate-Level Esl Learners' Pronunciation, Mishelle Kehoe Aug 2023

The Effect Of Shadowing With Text Presentation On Intermediate-Level Esl Learners' Pronunciation, Mishelle Kehoe

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to replicate previous studies (Foote et al., 2017; Martinsen et al., 2017) investigating the technique of shadowing and its impact on English language learners’ oral fluency and intelligibility. The target population for this study was intermediate-level English language learners as prior shadowing research has focused on advanced learners (Foote et al., 2017) and beginner learners (Lu, 2021). The study involved both a control group (n=10) and a treatment group (n=10), with each group participating in a semester-long class at Brigham Young University’s English Language Center (ELC). Both groups participated in pre and post testing …

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Mental Health Effects Of Applied Mental Health Courses Vs. Non-Course Controls On Depressive Symptoms And Psychological Flexibility, Madeline Jane Cope Diopulos Aug 2023

Mental Health Effects Of Applied Mental Health Courses Vs. Non-Course Controls On Depressive Symptoms And Psychological Flexibility, Madeline Jane Cope Diopulos

Theses and Dissertations

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an applied mental health course in a university setting in reducing distress and symptoms of depression and increasing levels of psychological flexibility. As university psychological services are unable to meet the need of their students, other methods of treatment must be explored. Participants in the study are comprised of those who chose to enroll in a student development course aimed at increasing psychological flexibility and introducing basic psychoeducation as well as various university students who elected to participate. Depressive symptoms and psychological flexibility were measured pre-, mid-, and twice post-test in both …

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L2 English And Language Anxiety: Accuracy, Comprehensibility, And Speech Rate Across Three Communication Tasks, W. Cole Thorpe Aug 2023

L2 English And Language Anxiety: Accuracy, Comprehensibility, And Speech Rate Across Three Communication Tasks, W. Cole Thorpe

Theses and Dissertations

This study examines how second language (L2) English learners differ in their amount of language anxiety across three communication tasks: a formal academic speaking test, an informal casual interaction with a classmate during an activity in pairs, and a formal interview with an unfamiliar native speaker. It also addressed whether and how their language anxiety across the three tasks affected their accuracy, comprehensibility, and rate of speech. Thirty-seven intermediate-high L2 English learners participated in the three communication tasks. They also completed a general language anxiety questionnaire and three anxiety inventories--one before each task. Results demonstrated that the speaking exam caused …

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Understanding Gender Identification Within Individuals With Autism Using The Bem Sex-Role Inventory, Zackery Alan Cusworth Aug 2023

Understanding Gender Identification Within Individuals With Autism Using The Bem Sex-Role Inventory, Zackery Alan Cusworth

Theses and Dissertations

Gender is a socially derived construct that is taught and understood at young ages. However, not every individual has the same social skills to understand these seen and unseen social cues about gender. The Bem Sex-Role Inventory was given to adult individuals with autism in the United States to better understand their masculine, feminine, and androgenous perceptions. These data were then compared to the original Bem Sex-Role Inventory general population study to see if there were any differences. The data show that males with autism had lower masculine scores and higher feminine scores than males in the general population. Females …

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School Psychologists' Recommendations For Tiered Interventions That Target Social-Emotional Competencies, Brandi Alise Bezzant Aug 2023

School Psychologists' Recommendations For Tiered Interventions That Target Social-Emotional Competencies, Brandi Alise Bezzant

Theses and Dissertations

Many schools advocate for addressing the diverse needs of students through a multi-tiered model of prevention and intervention known as the Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) framework. This framework often incorporates the use of universal screening to obtain data concerning students' academic and/or social-emotional and behavioral needs. School teams are expected to design and implement tiered strategies in response to data concerning students' social-emotional needs; this can be a challenging facet of MTSS. To aid in this endeavor, this qualitative study elicited school psychologists' recommendations for (a) tiered interventions that target secondary students' social-emotional competency needs and (b) professional learning …

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Indirect Tensile Strength Of Clayey Soils Treated With Cement Or Lime, Melissa Adams Cowley Aug 2023

Indirect Tensile Strength Of Clayey Soils Treated With Cement Or Lime, Melissa Adams Cowley

Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the sensitivity of indirect tensile strength (ITS) test results to stabilizer type, stabilizer concentration, and curing time for multiple clayey soils with varying plasticity indices (PIs), identify cases in which an ITS of 30 psi can be obtained, and create a general linear model that predicts ITS. The scope of work included laboratory testing of three clayey soils sampled from Monticello, Utah; Bloomington, Indiana; and San Antonio, Texas. Each soil was tested using two stabilizers, cement or lime, at three concentrations, and two replicate samples were prepared for each combination. ITS testing …

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Side-Channel Leakage From The Advanced Encryption Standard On Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Kaden Makechnie-Hardy Aug 2023

Side-Channel Leakage From The Advanced Encryption Standard On Field Programmable Gate Arrays, Kaden Makechnie-Hardy

Undergraduate Honors Theses

As field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) perform increasingly critical cryptography, researchers study the safety of these computations. One such compromise on the safety of cryptography is the side-channel attack. These attacks exploit sources of information called leakage that escape a cryptographic system in ways the original design did not intend. One dimension of a successful side-channel attack is the collection of leakage. This research configures the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) on an FPGA and demonstrates strategies for collecting three types of side-channel leakage: power consumption, temperature emissions, and ring oscillations.

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The Effect Of Speaking Context On Articulatory Kinematics In Habitual And Clear Speech, Lauren Elizabeth Clarke Aug 2023

The Effect Of Speaking Context On Articulatory Kinematics In Habitual And Clear Speech, Lauren Elizabeth Clarke

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effect of speaking contexts on articulatory kinematics in habitual and clear speech conditions. Ten male and 10 female participants (ages 18"“29) completed speaking tasks in three contexts and two conditions. The contexts were word, phrase, and passage, with both mid-sentence and end of-sentence stimuli in the phrase and passage contexts. The two conditions were habitual and clear speech. Participants had sensors attached to the mid-tongue, jaw, lower lip, and upper lip, and an electromagnetic articulograph tracked their movements. Three tokens for each stimulus were analyzed for duration, displacement, and velocity. Articulatory coordination was measured through absolute …

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Engagement In Secondary Mathematics Group Work: A Student Perspective, Rachel H. Jorgenson Aug 2023

Engagement In Secondary Mathematics Group Work: A Student Perspective, Rachel H. Jorgenson

Theses and Dissertations

In the realm of academic engagement research, students are valuable sources of information to learn how and why students often engage unproductively in mathematics group work. However, although secondary mathematics students are often expected to engage in meaningful mathematical discourse in a small group setting, little research has been conducted to better understand student engagement in this setting from the perspective of the students themselves. This thesis attempts to understand how one junior high student described his own engagement in mathematics small group work as well as what factors influenced this engagement. By conducting several cycles of observations and interviews …

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Predictors Of Adherence To A Brief Sleep Extension Intervention In Emerging Adults, Isabella D. Wright Aug 2023

Predictors Of Adherence To A Brief Sleep Extension Intervention In Emerging Adults, Isabella D. Wright

Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: It is uncertain what characteristics predict adherence to a brief sleep extension intervention, like that offered in primary care settings. This study examined how mental health concerns (i.e., depression, anxiety, stress), self-control, baseline sleep characteristics, and physical activity predicted adherence to a brief sleep extension intervention. Methods: 184 young adults (ages 18-25; m = 20.96) were asked to extend their nightly sleep to eight hours for one week. Sleep was tracked using actigraphy. Baseline sleep quality, baseline daytime sleepiness, depression, anxiety, stress, self-control, and physical activity were assessed. Results: Poorer baseline sleep quality predicted better adherence (p = 0.002). …

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Does Media Facilitate Parent-Child Race Discussions? A Mixed-Method Study Of White Families, Children's Media, And Implicit Bias During Early Childhood, J. Andan Sheppard Aug 2023

Does Media Facilitate Parent-Child Race Discussions? A Mixed-Method Study Of White Families, Children's Media, And Implicit Bias During Early Childhood, J. Andan Sheppard

Theses and Dissertations

The study aimed to investigate through mixed methods how White parents approach race discussions with their children, the factors influencing the discussions, and the implications for promoting constructive conversations. The qualitative analysis of the race discussions revealed that White parents preferred ambiguous or scientific language and diverted the discussion to topics other than race, such as gender or general body characteristics. Discussions often involved referencing personal examples of individuals from racial minority backgrounds, even if they were not personally acquainted. The quantitative analysis expanded and clarified these findings, with parent characteristics, such as education level and the frequency of color-evasive …

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Characterization Of Phage-Host Interactions And Its Impact On Tail Fiber Evolution, Jessica Marie Lewis Aug 2023

Characterization Of Phage-Host Interactions And Its Impact On Tail Fiber Evolution, Jessica Marie Lewis

Theses and Dissertations

Beyond the scope of what our unaided eyes can see is a diverse and rich microbial community that greatly impacts each of our lives. Bacteria are microscopic organisms that can grow, develop, divide, and even rapidly evolve to adapt to new changes in their environment. Because of this, bacteria have gained the ability to thrive in extreme biological niches ranging from the high temperature and pressure surrounding hydrothermal vents to the harsh acidic conditions of our stomachs. One adaptation attracting attention, however, is their capability to survive in the presence of common and even last-resort antibiotics. The WHO recently reported …

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Predicting The Best Birds And Bees: Parental-Efficacy As A Mediator Between Parental Factors And Parent-Child Sex Communication, Meg O. Jankovich Aug 2023

Predicting The Best Birds And Bees: Parental-Efficacy As A Mediator Between Parental Factors And Parent-Child Sex Communication, Meg O. Jankovich

Theses and Dissertations

Recent literature on parent-child sex communication (PCSC) has identified optimal sex communication as being not only frequent, but also open in quality, and proactive in timing. However, no studies have sought to understand what motivates parents to participate in this type of optimal parent-child sex communication, nor assessed these relationships longitudinally. Using Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to inform the analysis, this study investigated parent characteristics (parent's sexual self-concept and parenting dimensions) that may longitudinally predict optimal PCSC. This study further examined whether parental sex communication efficacy mediated these relationships. The sample included 607 mother-child dyads, and the father-figure when available (mother-father-child …

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Loading Force In Recreational Runners And Its Effect On Achilles Tendon Biomechanical Properties, Joshua K. Sponbeck Aug 2023

Loading Force In Recreational Runners And Its Effect On Achilles Tendon Biomechanical Properties, Joshua K. Sponbeck

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Achilles tendinopathy is a common debilitating running related injury. Achilles tendon loading force has been hypothesized as a contributor to Achilles tendinopathy. Loading force through the Achilles tendon during running is impacted by many factors such as footwear and foot strike pattern. Achilles tendon biomechanical (Achilles tendon cross-sectional area, thickness, echogenicity, stiffness, and T2*) responses to loading forces are variable and measurable in vivo. These responses impact the physiologic function of the tendon. Aims: 1) To evaluate baseline Achilles tendon biomechanical characteristics associated with a runner's habitual foot strike pattern. 2) To evaluate single running bout Achilles tendon biomechanical …

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A Refuge And A Bridge: Native American Women's Tribal College Experiences, Morgan Duffy Aug 2023

A Refuge And A Bridge: Native American Women's Tribal College Experiences, Morgan Duffy

Theses and Dissertations

This study, which focuses on the experiences of Native women attending a tribal college of the Northern Cheyenne Nation, responds to the call by Baird-Olson and Ward (2000) and Almeida (1997) for research that allows Native women, or the "hidden half," to tell their stories. Scant research has examined the value of tribal schools for Native American women and the experiences they have had in relation to their reservation and college lives. Providing narratives of women's experiences can illuminate how higher education in tribal college settings holds multiple values for Native women students as it acts as a refuge and …

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Barriers And Facilitating Factors Of Sleep Assessment/Screening Among School Psychology Practitioners, Tyler Jjay Landon Storey Aug 2023

Barriers And Facilitating Factors Of Sleep Assessment/Screening Among School Psychology Practitioners, Tyler Jjay Landon Storey

Theses and Dissertations

Sleep is an important and necessary part of life. While the biological need for sleep among school-aged individuals has not changed over the years, the quality and quantity of their sleep has. School-aged children reporting sleep deficits in the United States is on the rise and a significant body of research establishes associations between a lack of sleep and lower cognition as well as psychological and behavioral problems. These associations can heavily influence the academic progress and success of students. School psychologists are in a unique position to identify and provide support to individuals with sleep issues. Unfortunately, there is …

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The Generalizability Of Proposed Theoretical Factor Models For Common Assessments For Specific Learning Disability In Reading Using A Community Sample, Sean B. Vanhille Aug 2023

The Generalizability Of Proposed Theoretical Factor Models For Common Assessments For Specific Learning Disability In Reading Using A Community Sample, Sean B. Vanhille

Theses and Dissertations

Specific learning disabilities (SLD) are among the most diagnosed developmental disorders in children, with specific learning disability in reading (SLDR) as the most common. SLDR typically occurs due to deficits in phonological processing that can negatively impact decoding and/or reading comprehension skills. Reading deficits are often diagnosed using formal assessments such as the Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing (CTOPP-2), the Gray Oral Reading Test (GORT-5), the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V), and the Woodcock Johnson Achievement Battery (WJ-IV-A). I did not find any research in which the theoretical factor models proposed in the technical manuals of these assessments were …

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Investigating Bismuth As A Surrogate For Plutonium Electrorefining, Greg Chipman Aug 2023

Investigating Bismuth As A Surrogate For Plutonium Electrorefining, Greg Chipman

Theses and Dissertations

Conducting research experiments on plutonium electrorefining is difficult due to the significant hazards and regulations associated with nuclear materials. Finding a surrogate for plutonium electrorefining studies would enable more fundamental research to be conducted. Potential surrogates were identified by determining the physical properties required to conduct electrorefining using a molten metal and molten salt in CaCl2 at 1123 K. More potential surrogates were identified by changing the matrix salt to be a LiCl-KCl-CaCl2 eutectic salt with electrorefining conducted at 673-773 K. Ce-CeCl3, In-InCl3, Zn-ZnCl2, Sn-SnCl2, and Bi-BiCl¬3 were investigated as potential plutonium electrorefining surrogates. Ce electrorefining in molten CaCl2 resulted …

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Parents' Perceptions Of The Importance Of Teaching Mathematics: A Q-Study, Ashlynn M. Holley Aug 2023

Parents' Perceptions Of The Importance Of Teaching Mathematics: A Q-Study, Ashlynn M. Holley

Theses and Dissertations

Mathematics education has gone through multiple reform efforts over the last century and continues to be the target of improvement efforts. Past changes in curriculum and goals have sometimes led to heated debates between various stakeholders. Knowing the views of different stakeholders can help determine what common ground there is between these different groups and where areas of disagreement might arise. Parents are especially important to understand because they have been influential in past reform efforts. Despite the importance of parents' opinions, little research has been conducted concerning their perspectives on the importance of mathematics teaching. Using Q-methodology, I was …

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Bidirectional Interference Between Speech And Mathematical, Language, Or Visuospatial Tasks In Younger And Older Adults, Chanelle Thomas Aug 2023

Bidirectional Interference Between Speech And Mathematical, Language, Or Visuospatial Tasks In Younger And Older Adults, Chanelle Thomas

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined interference between three non-speech tasks and concurrent speech performance. The non-speech activity consisted of computer-based mathematical, language, and visuospatial tasks. The speech tasks included a procedural discourse monologue and a conversation. Participants included 60 adults in two age groups with 30 participants each. The younger adults were aged from 18 to 30 years and older adults from 55 to 82 years. Each participant completed the non-speech tasks in isolation, the speech tasks in isolation, and then each of the speech tasks concurrently with each of the three non-speech tasks. Speech acoustic measures included the mean and standard …

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Full Issue Aug 2023

Full Issue

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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Lds Church Website Aug 2023

Lds Church Website

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

The internet is fast becoming a common means of communication on the information superhighway. Accordingly, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints launched its first official website in early December 1996.

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Restoration Themes Explored Aug 2023

Restoration Themes Explored

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

More than three hundred people attended "Pioneers of the Restoration," a conference sponsored by FARMS and BYU Religious Education that presented papers selected from a forthcoming volume in honor of Richard Lloyd Anderson, emeritus professor of ancient scripture at Brigham Young University.

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Physics-Guided Modeling Of Acoustic Environments Using Limited Spatio-Spectro-Temporal Data, Mylan Ray Cook Aug 2023

Physics-Guided Modeling Of Acoustic Environments Using Limited Spatio-Spectro-Temporal Data, Mylan Ray Cook

Theses and Dissertations

When creating data-based models it is important to include the underlying physical characteristics and constraints of the data. If physical characteristics are not properly included in the model, results may be infeasible or physically impossible. Acoustic environments are better characterized by ensuring that models include the fundamental spatial, spectral, and temporal characteristics of noise sources, or how they change based on location, frequency, and time. When model data are limited, in availability or in reliability, additional care must be taken to ensure models predict feasible results. This dissertation focuses on physics-guided modeling of acoustic environments using limited data, taking into …

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A Step Into Structural Biology: Structural Determination Of Tnk1-Uba And Computational Design Of A Radical Sam Cyclase, Yi-Jie Tseng Aug 2023

A Step Into Structural Biology: Structural Determination Of Tnk1-Uba And Computational Design Of A Radical Sam Cyclase, Yi-Jie Tseng

Theses and Dissertations

Structural biology uncovers life's secrets by studying protein structures via techniques like X-ray crystallography. This knowledge drives advancements in protein engineering for the improvement of human lives. Yet, obtaining high-quality crystals in X-ray crystallography is challenging. To overcome this, we used Translocation ETS Leukemia protein Sterile Alpha Motif domain (TELSAM), a promising polymer-forming crystallization chaperone (PFCC), to enhance protein crystallization. Human thirty-eight-negative kinase-1 (TNK1), a key player in cancer progression, possess a ubiquitin association (UBA) domain that binds polyubiquitin and regulates TNK1 activity and stability. Although sequence analysis hints at an unconventional TNK1 UBA domain architecture, its molecular structure lacks …

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"We Say No More:" The Role Of Bodily Trauma And Hybrid Spaces In The March For Our Lives Movement, Haeley Van Der Werf Aug 2023

"We Say No More:" The Role Of Bodily Trauma And Hybrid Spaces In The March For Our Lives Movement, Haeley Van Der Werf

Theses and Dissertations

The youth-led March For Our Lives is founded on the idea of young people forced into advocacy by unthinkable tragedy. The movement exists in a digital age where the lines between the physical and digital have become increasingly blurred. By using the work of scholars such as Manuel Castells and Henry Jenkins as a foundation to analyze this movement, we can gain a deeper understanding of why MFOL has succeeded and failed in the ways that it has. These noted digital activism academics will be used to explore how collective anger is expressed and created through the use of personal …

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