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Dna-Templated Surface Alignment And Characterization Of Carbon Nanotubes., Huijun Xin Jul 2006

Dna-Templated Surface Alignment And Characterization Of Carbon Nanotubes., Huijun Xin

Theses and Dissertations

Carbon nanotubes are appealing materials for nanofabrication due to their unique properties and structures. However, for carbon nanotubes to be used in mass-fabricated devices, precise control of nanotube orientation and location on surfaces is critical. I have developed a technique to align single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on surfaces from a droplet of nanotube suspension under gas flow. Fluid motion studies indicate that alignment is likely due to circulation of SWNTs in the droplet. My work provides a facile method for generating oriented nanotubes for nanodevice applications. I have also devised an approach for localizing SWNTs onto 1-pyrenemethylamine-decorated DNA on surfaces. …

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Animism In Whitman: "Multitudes" Of Interpretations?, Rachelle Helene Woodbury Jul 2006

Animism In Whitman: "Multitudes" Of Interpretations?, Rachelle Helene Woodbury

Theses and Dissertations

Walt Whitman used animistic techniques in his poetry and prose, specifically "Song of the Redwood Tree," "Out of the Cradle Endlessly Rocking," and Specimen Days. The term animism can be traced to the Latin root of the word, anime, which connotes a "soul" or "vitality." So, when one is talking about animistic techniques, one is speaking of the (metaphoric or realistic) ensoulment of natural objects. In the wake of a growing global crisis modern scholarship has begun reexamining the implications of this belief; often it introduces ambiguities into an otherwise comfortable relationship of unquestioned human domination. In Specimen Days, Whitman …

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Arq Techniques For Mimo Communication Systems, Zhihong Ding Jul 2006

Arq Techniques For Mimo Communication Systems, Zhihong Ding

Theses and Dissertations

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems employ multiple antennas at the transmitter and the receiver. Multiple antennas provide capacity gain and/or robust performance over single antenna communications. Traditional automatic-repeat-request (ARQ) techniques developed for single-input single-output (SISO) communication systems have to be modified in order to be employed in MIMO communication systems. In this dissertation, we propose and analysis some ARQ techniques for MIMO communication systems. The basic retransmission protocols of ARQ, stop-and-wait (SW-ARQ), go-back-$N$ (GBN-ARQ), and selective repeat (SR-ARQ), designed for SISO communication systems are generalized for parallel multichannel communication systems. The generalized ARQ protocols seek to improve the channel utilization …

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Proven Cases Of A Generalization Of Serre's Conjecture, Jonathan H. Blackhurst Jul 2006

Proven Cases Of A Generalization Of Serre's Conjecture, Jonathan H. Blackhurst

Theses and Dissertations

In the 1970's Serre conjectured a correspondence between modular forms and two-dimensional Galois representations. Ash, Doud, and Pollack have extended this conjecture to a correspondence between Hecke eigenclasses in arithmetic cohomology and n-dimensional Galois representations. We present some of the first examples of proven cases of this generalized conjecture.

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Enhanced Electrospray Ionization For Mass Spectrometry And Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Li Zhou Jul 2006

Enhanced Electrospray Ionization For Mass Spectrometry And Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Li Zhou

Theses and Dissertations

Electrospray ionization (ESI) has become one of the most commonly used ionization techniques for mass spectrometry (MS) and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), and efforts continue to improve its performance. ESI-MS is most recognized for its wide application to biomacromolecules where high sensitivity is of paramount importance. However, the major limitation in sensitivity with ESI-MS is due to its low ion transmission efficiency from the ESI source into the sampling orifice and through any stages utilized for transfer of ions from atmosphere to vacuum in the MS. A series of atmospheric pressure ion focusing interfaces were designed and implemented to enhance …

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A Search For Low-Amplitude Variability Among Population I Main Sequence Stars, Michael Benjamin Rose Jul 2006

A Search For Low-Amplitude Variability Among Population I Main Sequence Stars, Michael Benjamin Rose

Theses and Dissertations

The detection of variable stars in open clusters is an essential component of testing stellar structure and evolution theories. The ability to detect low-amplitude variability among cluster members is directly related to the quality of the photometric results. Point Spread Function (PSF) fitting is the best method available for measuring accurate magnitudes within crowded fields of stars, while high-precision differential photometry is the preferred technique for removing the effects of atmospheric extinction and variable seeing. In the search for new variable stars among hundreds or thousands of stars, the Robust Median Statistic (RoMS) is proven more effective for finding low-amplitude …

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On The Combinatorics Of Certain Garside Semigroups, Christopher R. Cornwell Jul 2006

On The Combinatorics Of Certain Garside Semigroups, Christopher R. Cornwell

Theses and Dissertations

In his dissertation, F.A. Garside provided a solution to the word and conjugacy problems in the braid group on n-strands, using a particular element that he called the fundamental word. Others have since defined fundamental words in the generalized setting of Artin groups, and even more recently in Garside groups. We consider the problem of finding the number of representations of a power of the fundamental word in these settings. In the process, we find a Pascal-like identity that is satisfied in a certain class of Garside groups.

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Seu-Induced Persistent Error Propagation In Fpgas, Keith S. Morgan Jul 2006

Seu-Induced Persistent Error Propagation In Fpgas, Keith S. Morgan

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis introduces a new way to characterize the dynamic SEU cross section of an FPGA design in terms of its persistent and non-persistent components. An SEU in the persistent cross section results in a permanent interruption of service until reset. An SEU in the non-persistent cross section causes a temporary interruption of service, but in some cases this interruption may be tolerated. Techniques for measuring these cross sections are introduced. These cross sections can be measured and characterized for an arbitrary FPGA design. Furthermore, circuit components in the non-persistent and persistent cross section can statically be determined. Functional error …

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Electric Field Gradient Focusing-Uv Detection For Protein Analysis, Shu-Ling Lin Jul 2006

Electric Field Gradient Focusing-Uv Detection For Protein Analysis, Shu-Ling Lin

Theses and Dissertations

Electric field gradient focusing (EFGF) utilizes a hydrodynamic flow and an electric field gradient to focus and concentrate charged analytes and order them in a separation channel according to electrophoretic mobility. Elution can be achieved by decreasing the applied voltage or increasing the hydrodynamic flow. EFGF has the advantages of concentrating a large volume (100 micro-L) of target proteins without significant band broadening and simultaneously removing unwanted components from the sample. Two types of EFGF devices have been investigated to concentrate and separate proteins: a fiber-based EFGF device and a hydrogel-based EFGF device. Using fiber-based EFGF with UV detection, a …

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Determining High School Geometry Students' Geometric Understanding Using Van Hiele Levels: Is There A Difference Between Standards-Based Curriculum Students And Nonstandards-Based Curriculum Students?, Rebekah Loraine Genz Jul 2006

Determining High School Geometry Students' Geometric Understanding Using Van Hiele Levels: Is There A Difference Between Standards-Based Curriculum Students And Nonstandards-Based Curriculum Students?, Rebekah Loraine Genz

Theses and Dissertations

Research has found that students are not adequately prepared to understand the concepts of geometry, as they are presented in a high school geometry course (e.g. Burger and Shaughnessy (1986), Usiskin (1982), van Hiele (1986)). Curricula based on the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) Standards (1989, 2000) have been developed and introduced into the middle grades to improve learning and concept development in mathematics. Research done by Rey, Reys, Lappan and Holliday (2003) showed that Standards-based curricula improve students' mathematical understanding and performance on standardized math exams. Using van Hiele levels, this study examines 20 ninth-grade students' levels …

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Markov Approximations: The Characterization Of Undermodeling Errors, Lei Lei Jul 2006

Markov Approximations: The Characterization Of Undermodeling Errors, Lei Lei

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is concerned with characterizing the quality of Hidden Markov modeling when learning from limited data. It introduces a new perspective on different sources of errors to describe the impact of undermodeling. Our view is that modeling errors can be decomposed into two primary sources of errors: the approximation error and the estimation error. This thesis takes a first step towards exploring the approximation error of low order HMMs that best approximate the true system of a HMM. We introduce the notion minimality and show that best approximations of the true system with complexity greater or equal to the …

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Reinforcement Programming: A New Technique In Automatic Algorithm Development, Spencer Kesson White Jul 2006

Reinforcement Programming: A New Technique In Automatic Algorithm Development, Spencer Kesson White

Theses and Dissertations

Reinforcement programming is a new technique for using computers to automatically create algorithms. By using the principles of reinforcement learning and Q-learning, reinforcement programming learns programs based on example inputs and outputs. State representations and actions are provided. A transition function and rewards are defined. The system is trained until the system converges on a policy that can be directly implemented as a computer program. The efficiency of reinforcement programming is demonstrated by comparing a generalized in-place iterative sort learned through genetic programming to a sorting algorithm of the same type created using reinforcement programming. The sort learned by reinforcement …

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Ten Steps Applied To Development And Evaluation Of Process-Based Biogeochemical Models Of Estuaries, Barbara J. Robson, Ian T. Webster, David P. Hamilton, Terence Chan, Teemu Kokkonen Jul 2006

Ten Steps Applied To Development And Evaluation Of Process-Based Biogeochemical Models Of Estuaries, Barbara J. Robson, Ian T. Webster, David P. Hamilton, Terence Chan, Teemu Kokkonen

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The procedures involved in model development may be set out ten-step process, beginning with defining the purpose of the model and ending with evaluation of the appropriateness and utility of the completed model. This process, recently outlined by Jakerman et al. [2006], is often iterative as model development is a continuous process that refines and improves the indented capacity of the model. Here, we show how the ten steps of model development are relevant to process-based biogeochemical modeling of aquatic systems, using examples from two case studies: a model of phytoplankton succession and nutrient concentrations in the Swan-Canning Estuary (Western …

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Bayesian Decision Networks - Going Beyond Expert Elicitation For Parameterisation And Evaluation Of Ecological Endpoints., C. A. Pollino, Barry T. Hart Jul 2006

Bayesian Decision Networks - Going Beyond Expert Elicitation For Parameterisation And Evaluation Of Ecological Endpoints., C. A. Pollino, Barry T. Hart

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Ecological and integrative analyses routinely involve the synthesis of a range of information sources into a single model. Bayesian decision networks (BDN) are increasingly being used for this purpose because they are flexible, transparent and relatively easy to use. Indeed, BDNs offer a scientific and pragmatic approach to improve decision-making in environmental management, directly addressing management needs, while promoting stakeholder participatory processes. However, despite their advantages, many BDNs developed to meet such needs are not being developed or applied to their full potential. The majority of BDNs published to date rely only on expert opinion to parameterise and evaluate ecologically …

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Mike Basin, David Wood Jul 2006

Mike Basin, David Wood

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

MIKE BASIN addresses water allocation, conjunctive use, reservoir operation, or water quality issues. It couples ArcGIS with hydrologic modeling to provide basin-scale solutions. The MIKE BASIN philosophy is to keep modeling simple and intuitive, yet provide in-depth insight for planning and management. In MIKE BASIN, the emphasis is on both simulation and visualization in both space and time, making it appropriate for building understanding and consensus. MIKE BASIN is a quasi-steady-state mass balance model, allowing for routed river flows. The water quality solution assumes purely advective transport. Decay during transport can be modeled. The groundwater description uses the linear reservoir …

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A Model For Investment Decision Support Based On Multicriteria Analysis, Irina Glazyrina Jul 2006

A Model For Investment Decision Support Based On Multicriteria Analysis, Irina Glazyrina

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The conventional implementation of polluter pays principle (PPP) in many countries is based on the use of an environmentaltax, which is determined proportionally to the amount of emissions of the polluting substances. Using aspecific mathematical model this study shows that this practice is not adequate for the real negative impact if thepollutant accumulates to a stock in the environment. Moreover, in many cases there is a danger of an unavoidableconflict between the interests of society as a whole and the interests of private business, generated by these proceduresof PPP implementation. This paper also presents a mathematical formula (obtained as an …

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Optimal Regional Partitioning For Wildfire Risk Characterization, Paolo Fiorucci, F. Gaetani, R. Minciardi Jul 2006

Optimal Regional Partitioning For Wildfire Risk Characterization, Paolo Fiorucci, F. Gaetani, R. Minciardi

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The efficiency of fire prevention and fire-fighting organization are strictly related with the identification of the elementary Administrative Units, whose physical characteristics and number/quality of resources affect significantly the occurrence and the dynamics of the considered phenomenon. In fact, wildland fire risk is determined by several factors such as vegetation, local climate condition, topography, socio-economical aspects, and, of course, wildfire fighting available resources. A power law distribution can be used to represent the frequency-area relationship empirical wildfire data. Thus, it is possible to think of characterizing a region by its wildland fire regime, which can be defined by the power …

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Imagine – Scenario Development For Environmental Impact Assessment Studies, T. Wagener, Y. Liu, S. Stewart, H. Hartman, M. Mahmoud Jul 2006

Imagine – Scenario Development For Environmental Impact Assessment Studies, T. Wagener, Y. Liu, S. Stewart, H. Hartman, M. Mahmoud

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Scenario analysis is a process of evaluating possible future events through the consideration of alternative possible (though not equally likely) outcomes (scenarios). The analysis is designed to enable improved decision-making and assessment through a more complete consideration of possible outcomes and their implications. The development of strategies for water resources planning and management and the assessment of impacts of potential environmental change are often guided by analyzing multiple future scenarios within an Integrated Modeling (IM) framework, usually driven by forcing derived from global climate models and/or possible future socio-economic changes. The process of scenario development involves making explicit and/or implicit …

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Declarative Modelling For Architecture Independence And Data/Model Integration: A Case Study, Ferdinando Villa, Marcello Donatelli, Andrea-Emilio Rizzoli, Peter Krause, Sven Kralisch, Frits Van Evert Jul 2006

Declarative Modelling For Architecture Independence And Data/Model Integration: A Case Study, Ferdinando Villa, Marcello Donatelli, Andrea-Emilio Rizzoli, Peter Krause, Sven Kralisch, Frits Van Evert

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The need for integrating dynamic models with independently developed datasets and other models has long been recognized. Only recently, advances in modelling technologies, knowledge representation and protocols for remote communication of structured content have made this goal practical. The same advances make it possible to decouple the representation of a model from its executable implementation in ways that allow unprecedented levels of architecture independence and explicit, transportable model declaration. These developments are crucial to the creation of repositories of models where the models' lifetime is not tied to that of specific modelling paradigms, execution architectures, or storage technology. In this …

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Data Mining As A Tool For Environmental Scientists, J. M. Spate, Karina Gibert, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè, E. Frank, Joaquim Comas, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis Jul 2006

Data Mining As A Tool For Environmental Scientists, J. M. Spate, Karina Gibert, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè, E. Frank, Joaquim Comas, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Over recent years a huge library of data mining algorithms has been developed to tackle a variety of problems in fields such as medical imaging and network traffic analysis. Many of these techniques are far more flexible than more classical modelling approaches and could be usefully applied to data-rich environmental problems. Certain techniques such as Artificial Neural Networks, Clustering, Case-Based Reasoning and more recently Bayesian Decision Networks have found application in environmental modelling while other methods, for example classification and association rule extraction, have not yet been taken up on any wide scale. We propose that these and other data …

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Dealing With Uncertainty And Sensitivity Issues In Process-Based Models Of Carbon And Nitrogen Cycles In Northern Forest Ecosystems, G. R. Larocque, J. S. Bhatti, A. M. Gordon, N. Luckai, Jinxun Liu, Shuguang Liu, P. A. Arp, C. -F Zhang, Alexander Komarov, Pavel Grabarnik, M. Wattenbach, C. Peng, Jianfeng Sun, Thomas White Jul 2006

Dealing With Uncertainty And Sensitivity Issues In Process-Based Models Of Carbon And Nitrogen Cycles In Northern Forest Ecosystems, G. R. Larocque, J. S. Bhatti, A. M. Gordon, N. Luckai, Jinxun Liu, Shuguang Liu, P. A. Arp, C. -F Zhang, Alexander Komarov, Pavel Grabarnik, M. Wattenbach, C. Peng, Jianfeng Sun, Thomas White

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Many process-based models on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles have been developed for northern forest ecosystems. These models are widely used to evaluate the long-term decisions in forest management dealing with effects like particulate pollution, productivity and climate change. Regarding climate change, one of the key questions that have sensitive political implications is whether northern forests will sequester atmospheric C or not. Whilst many process-based models have been tested for accuracy by evaluating or validating against observed data, few have dealt with the complexity of the incorporated procedures to estimate uncertainties associated with model predictions or the sensitivity of …

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Ranking Regions Using Cluster Analysis, Hasse Diagram Technique And Topology, Guillermo Restrepo, Rainer Brüggemann Jul 2006

Ranking Regions Using Cluster Analysis, Hasse Diagram Technique And Topology, Guillermo Restrepo, Rainer Brüggemann

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

We developed the theoretical background of the application of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis HCA to the improvement of the understanding of Hasse Diagrams coming from the ranking process developed for the application of the Hasse Diagram Technique HDT. The use of HCA is based on the idea of the reduction of the number of elements considered in a poset (partially ordered set) by the selection of representatives from the original set to rank. We showed that the clusters arisen from HCA can be interpreted as similarity classes where one of its members (the nearest to the centre of the cluster) can …

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A Multi-Objective Approach For Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste (Msw) Management, R. Minciardi, Massimo Paolucci, M. Robba, Roberto Sacile Jul 2006

A Multi-Objective Approach For Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste (Msw) Management, R. Minciardi, Massimo Paolucci, M. Robba, Roberto Sacile

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

A multi-objective approach to sustainable Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management is presented, with the aim of supporting the decisions about the optimal flows of solid waste to be sent to landfill, recycling and to the different treatment plants. To achieve this goal, an approach is proposed in which the decision makers (DMs) are interactively involved in the decision process, following the reference point methodology [Wierzbicki et al, 2002]. The method can be viewed as an integration/modification of techniques already introduced in the literature. The purpose of the DMs is to determine the various flows of the different materials in the …

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Spatial Estimations Of Air Pollution In Street Canyons By Lidar Measurements, L. Matejicek, Jana Konradova Jul 2006

Spatial Estimations Of Air Pollution In Street Canyons By Lidar Measurements, L. Matejicek, Jana Konradova

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Air pollution of urban areas can be explored by direct monitoring, mathematical modeling and physical simulation in the wind tunnels. Complex analysis requires using of all mentioned approaches together. To integrate the data inputs and outputs, which include spatio-temporal interactions, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is used for database management and spatial analysis. The geodatabase is primarily developed to support spatial interpolations of LIDAR measurements in the street canyons. The LIDAR measurements provide the information about the distribution of pollutants in the points along the beam trajectories. As the examples, the sets of NO2 spatial measurements are performed in the …

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Model Averaging, Equifinality And Uncertainty Estimation In The Modelling Of Ungauged Catchments, J. P. C. Reichl, F. H. S. Chiew, A. W. Western Jul 2006

Model Averaging, Equifinality And Uncertainty Estimation In The Modelling Of Ungauged Catchments, J. P. C. Reichl, F. H. S. Chiew, A. W. Western

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The problem of estimating runoff in ungauged catchments remains an important but elusive one. Previous studies suggest that there are two important properties common to rainfall-runoff models: over-parameterisation, leading to parameter covariance; and equifinality, the existence of multiple parameter sets which reproduce the streamflow adequately. Both reduce parameter identifiability, impeding identification of relationships between model parameter values and catchment characteristics that would otherwise be useful for regionalisation. This study investigates the use of a model averaging framework to circumvent this problem. Multiple behavioural parameter sets arising from Monte-Carlo simulation are used from each catchment in order to retain information about …

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Numerical Simulation Of Flow And Tracer Transport In A Disinfection Contact Tank, C. Gualtieri Jul 2006

Numerical Simulation Of Flow And Tracer Transport In A Disinfection Contact Tank, C. Gualtieri

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Chlorine is extensively used to disinfect drinking water supply. However, the design of chlorine contact tank is usually based on the volume displacement criterion, paying attention that detention time would be at least of half an hour. This criterion relies upon the assumption that plug-flow conditions hold along the tank. However, the existence and arrangement of baffles in the tank, and the tank inlet and outlet configurations can result in a much more complex flow pattern, where turbulent mixing, dead-zones and short-circuiting exist. This situation could result in an inefficient use of chlorine due to the formation of potentially carcinogenic …

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E2sp. The Business Case Of An Environmental Information System In Asp Mode., M. Cislaghi, G. Corbetta, R. Mazzilli, F. Scanzani, M. Caselli, L. Trizio, C. Derognat, R. Dunal, K. Klejnowski, A. Bucko-Serafin Jul 2006

E2sp. The Business Case Of An Environmental Information System In Asp Mode., M. Cislaghi, G. Corbetta, R. Mazzilli, F. Scanzani, M. Caselli, L. Trizio, C. Derognat, R. Dunal, K. Klejnowski, A. Bucko-Serafin

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

According to PSR (OECD) and DPSIR (EEA) models, environmental agencies are in charge of measuring the State and Pressure and evaluate the Impact in order to define the most suitable Responses; this implies data analysis and reporting activities, as one of their core responsibilities. Environmental Information Systems support these activities by combining the advantages of first-rate consolidated technology (such as Business Intelligence and Data Warehouses) to specific technical architectures tailored to environmental management tasks. E2SP (Environmental Enterprise Service Provider) is a online reporting and forecasting platform, providing a cost effective, Internet based Environmental Information System and Decision Support System in …

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Tornado: A Versatile And Efficient Modelling And Virtual Experimentation Kernel For Water Quality Systems, Filip Claeys, Dirk J. W. De Pauw, Lorenzo Benedetti, Ingmar Nopens, Peter A. Vanrolleghem Jul 2006

Tornado: A Versatile And Efficient Modelling And Virtual Experimentation Kernel For Water Quality Systems, Filip Claeys, Dirk J. W. De Pauw, Lorenzo Benedetti, Ingmar Nopens, Peter A. Vanrolleghem

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recently, a new kernel for modelling and virtual experimentation (i.e. any evaluation of a model) in the domain of water quality management was developed. This kernel was named “Tornado” and will be included in the new generation of the WEST product family, as well as in several other products (e.g. DHI’s MOUSE-TRAP) and projects. Most important issues during development were versatility and efficiency. This paper focuses mainly on the rationale for the new development, and the major features of the resulting kernel. It is argued that classical approaches (such as the adoption of MATLAB/SIMULINK, custom FORTRAN codes and/or domain-specific simulators) …

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Incorporating Qualitative Indicators To Support River Managers; Application Of Fuzzy Sets, J. A. E. B. Janssen, Jean-Luc De Kok, A. Y. Hoekstra, R. M. J. Schielen Jul 2006

Incorporating Qualitative Indicators To Support River Managers; Application Of Fuzzy Sets, J. A. E. B. Janssen, Jean-Luc De Kok, A. Y. Hoekstra, R. M. J. Schielen

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In evaluation of river management strategies it is generally difficult to deal with the loosely structured and uncertain information at hand. Due to the increasing number of interests and objectives involved in river management it becomes more important to find a way to deal with such information. This paper explores to what extent fuzzy set theory can help in the modelling of relations between river management measures and their effects. The authors conclude that fuzzy logic can provide a valuable contribution because of the relative transparency of the method, the possibility to include qualitative knowledge and the incorporation of uncertainty. …

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An Optimal Control And Options Theory Approach To Forecasting And Managing Sustainable Systems, Y. Shastri, U. Diwekar Jul 2006

An Optimal Control And Options Theory Approach To Forecasting And Managing Sustainable Systems, Y. Shastri, U. Diwekar

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Sustainable management of the natural systems is essential in the presence of anthropogenic andnatural disasters. Fisher information based measure and hypothesis have been proposed to quantify the sustainabilityof natural systems, which are used in this work to formulate management objectives. Since uncertaintyis omnipresent in natural systems, its consideration is important. Real options theory deals extensively with therepresentation and forecasting of uncertainty. The options theory, with the Ito mean reverting process, is usedto represent uncertainty, and optimal control theory is used to derive time dependent decisions. The idea isimplemented on a three species predator-prey model. The results highlight the effect of …

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