Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Brigham Young University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2881 - 2910 of 8053

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Re-Calibration Of The Periods Of Selected Cepheids From The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project Using Time Correction, Muxue Liu Mar 2015

Re-Calibration Of The Periods Of Selected Cepheids From The Hubble Space Telescope Key Project Using Time Correction, Muxue Liu

Theses and Dissertations

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) was originally proposed and funded in the 1970's with a launch planned for the early 1980's. However, the launch finally occurred on April 24, 1990, largely due to the Challenger accident. Once launched in 1990, one of HST's earliest projects was the Key Project. One of the main purposes of the Key Project was to calibrate the distances to nearby galaxies and determine a definitive value of the Hubble constant H0. All secondary distance determination methods were based on the period-luminosity relation of Cepheid variable stars. This thesis examines the Cepheid data from the Key …

Go to article

Detecting And Tracking Moving Objects From A Small Unmanned Air Vehicle, Patrick Defranco Mar 2015

Detecting And Tracking Moving Objects From A Small Unmanned Air Vehicle, Patrick Defranco

Theses and Dissertations

As the market for unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) rapidly expands, the need for algorithmsthat improve the capabilities of those vehicles is also growing. One valuable capability for UAVsis that of persistent tracking—the ability to find and track another moving object, usually on theground, from an aerial platform. This thesis presents a method for tracking multiple ground targetsfrom an airborne camera. Moving objects on the ground are detected by using frame-to-frameregistration. The detected objects are then tracked using the newly developed recursive RANSACalgorithm. Much video tracking work has focused on using appearance-based processing for tracking,with some approaches using dynamic trackers such …

Go to article

Vision Based Multiple Target Tracking Using Recursive Ransac, Kyle Ingersoll Mar 2015

Vision Based Multiple Target Tracking Using Recursive Ransac, Kyle Ingersoll

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, the Recursive-Random Sample Consensus (R-RANSAC) multiple target tracking (MTT) algorithm is further developed and applied to video taken from static platforms. Development of R-RANSAC is primarily focused in three areas: data association, the ability to track maneuvering objects, and track management. The probabilistic data association (PDA) filter performs very well in the R-RANSAC framework and adds minimal computation cost over less sophisticated methods. The interacting multiple models (IMM) filter as well as higher-order linear models are incorporated into R-RANSAC to improve tracking of highly maneuverable targets. An effective track labeling system, a more intuitive track merging criteria, …

Go to article

Brain Mapping Of The Latency Epochs In A Mcgurk Effect Paradigm In Music Performance And Visual Arts Majors, Lauren Donelle Nordstrom Mar 2015

Brain Mapping Of The Latency Epochs In A Mcgurk Effect Paradigm In Music Performance And Visual Arts Majors, Lauren Donelle Nordstrom

Theses and Dissertations

The McGurk effect is an illusion that occurs when an auditory /ba/ is combined with a visual /ga/. The two stimuli fuse together which leads to the perception of /da/, a sound in between /ba/ and /ga/. The purpose of this study was to determine whether music performance and visual arts majors process mismatched auditory and visual stimuli, like the McGurk effect, differently. Nine syllable pairs were presented to 10 native English speakers (5 music performance majors and 5 visual arts majors between the ages of 18 and 28 years) in a four-forced-choice response paradigm. Data from event-related potentials were …

Go to article

Using Video Prompting To Teach Math Skills To Adolescent Students With Specific Learning Disabilities (Sld) Via Ipad, Sean Elbert Edwards Mar 2015

Using Video Prompting To Teach Math Skills To Adolescent Students With Specific Learning Disabilities (Sld) Via Ipad, Sean Elbert Edwards

Theses and Dissertations

A plethora of research exists suggesting video-based interventions such as video modeling (VM) and video prompting (VP) assist students with severe/profound disabilities, such as autism and intellectual disabilities, to learn academic skills. This study used a single subject multiple-baseline-across-subjects design to evaluate if a VP intervention on a functional, academic math skill had similar effects for adolescent students with mild/moderate specific learning disabilities (SLD). Five high school students (three female and two male) aged 16-17 viewed the video on an iPad to find out about how much money an item would cost if it were a certain percentage on sale. …

Go to article

Modeling Stokes Flow Using Hierarchical Structure-Preserving B-Splines, Kendrick Monroe Shepherd Mar 2015

Modeling Stokes Flow Using Hierarchical Structure-Preserving B-Splines, Kendrick Monroe Shepherd

Theses and Dissertations

A new spline space, the hierarchical structure-preserving B-spline space, is introduced and implemented in the analysis of Stokes flow. The space, when properly constrained, is shown to be stable and to have at least optimal convergence rates in the velocity field and suboptimal convergence rates in the pressure field. However, results show that superoptimal convergence can often be expected in the pressure field, likely due to error reduction in the velocity field. Like other hierarchical spline spaces, these splines are shown to greatly increase accuracy and to drastically lower computation times for analyses on domains whose solution fields have singularities …

Go to article

Shakespeare's Art And Artifice: Passing For Real In As You Like It, Kristen Nicole Cardon Mar 2015

Shakespeare's Art And Artifice: Passing For Real In As You Like It, Kristen Nicole Cardon

Theses and Dissertations

Gender performativity, detailed by Judith Butler and accepted by most contemporary queer theorists, rests on an agentive model of gender wherein “genders are appropriated, theatricalized, worn, and done” (“Imitation and Gender Insubordination” 716). This academic orthodoxy is challenged, however, by the increasing presence of transgender persons joining the theoretical discourse, many of whom experience an essential gender as a central facet of their identity. I respond to Katie R. Horowitz’s recent modification of Butler’s theories—a theory of omniperformance to dissolve the distinction between performance and performativity, and thereby between artifice and “real life.” I argue that gender-as-art, a schema that …

Go to article

Parents And The Common Core State Standards For Mathematics, Rebecca Anne Roberts Mar 2015

Parents And The Common Core State Standards For Mathematics, Rebecca Anne Roberts

Theses and Dissertations

As the majority of the nation has adopted Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM), studying parents' resistance to these standards becomes vital in improving parental involvement and support of school mathematics reforms. Using Schoenfeld's (2011) model for decision making as a framework, an online survey and six interviews were conducted. The results of the survey showed that parents' resources related to student experiences and the mathematical methods students are performing are affecting their resistance toward CCSSM. The survey results also showed that parents' orientations related to the difficulty of the standards and politics affects their resistance toward CCSSM. The …

Go to article

Shear Strength Prediction Methods For Grouted Masonry Shear Walls, Patrick Dillon Mar 2015

Shear Strength Prediction Methods For Grouted Masonry Shear Walls, Patrick Dillon

Theses and Dissertations

The research in this dissertation is divided between three different approaches for predicting the shear strength of reinforcement masonry shear walls. Each approach provides increasing accuracy and precision in predicting the shear strength of masonry walls. The three approaches were developed or validated using data from 353 wall tests that have been conducted over the past half century. The data were collected, scrutinized, and synthesized using principles of meta-analysis. Predictions made with current Masonry Standards Joint Committee (MSJC) shear strength equation are unconservative and show a higher degree of variation for partially-grouted walls. The first approach modifies the existing MSJC …

Go to article

The Steiner Problem On Closed Surfaces Of Constant Curvature, Andrew Logan Mar 2015

The Steiner Problem On Closed Surfaces Of Constant Curvature, Andrew Logan

Theses and Dissertations

The n-point Steiner problem in the Euclidean plane is to find a least length path network connecting n points. In this thesis we will demonstrate how to find a least length path network T connecting n points on a closed 2-dimensional Riemannian surface of constant curvature by determining a region in the covering space that is guaranteed to contain T. We will then provide an algorithm for solving the n-point Steiner problem on such a surface.

Go to article

Identifying And Understanding The Difference Between Japanese And English When Giving Walking Directions, Keiko Moriyama Barney Mar 2015

Identifying And Understanding The Difference Between Japanese And English When Giving Walking Directions, Keiko Moriyama Barney

Theses and Dissertations

In order to better identify and understand the differences between Japanese and English, the task of giving walking directions was used. Japanese and American public facilities (10 each) were randomly chosen from which to collect data over the phone in order to examine these differences based on the following five communication styles: 1) politeness, 2) indirectness, 3) self-effacement, 4) back-channel feedback (Aizuchi), 5) and other linguistic and cognitive differences in relation to space and giving directions. The study confirmed what the author reviewed in the literature: Japanese are more polite, English speakers tend to give directions simply and …

Go to article

An Investigation Of The Impact Of A Flipped Classroom Instructional Approach On High School Students' Content Knowledge And Attitudes Toward The Learning Environment, Matthew R. Bell Mar 2015

An Investigation Of The Impact Of A Flipped Classroom Instructional Approach On High School Students' Content Knowledge And Attitudes Toward The Learning Environment, Matthew R. Bell

Theses and Dissertations

The idea of the “flipped classroom” is a relatively new concept in education that has become increasingly popular. Instructors who flip their classrooms reverse the roles of school work and homework by recording video lectures for students to watch before coming to class. Students then work on their homework in the classroom while the instructor is present to help them. Very little research has been done on the effectiveness of the flipped classroom to determine if students can perform better on exams by learning in a flipped classroom environment, especially for high school demographics. The purpose of this research is …

Go to article

Deformation Twin Nucleation And Growth Characterization In Magnesium Alloys Using Novel Ebsd Pattern Analysis And Machine Learning Tools, Travis Michael Rampton Mar 2015

Deformation Twin Nucleation And Growth Characterization In Magnesium Alloys Using Novel Ebsd Pattern Analysis And Machine Learning Tools, Travis Michael Rampton

Theses and Dissertations

Deformation twinning in Magnesium alloys both facilitates slip and forms sites for failure. Currently, basic studies of twinning in Mg are facilitated by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) which is able to extract a myriad of information relating to crystalline microstructures. Although much information is available via EBSD, various problems relating to deformation twinning have not been solved. This dissertation provides new insights into deformation twinning in Mg alloys, with particular focus on AZ31. These insights were gained through the development of new EBSD and related machine learning tools that extract more information beyond what is currently accessed.The first tool relating …

Go to article

Radio Emission Toward Regions Of Massive Star Formation In The Large Magellanic Cloud, Adam Johanson Mar 2015

Radio Emission Toward Regions Of Massive Star Formation In The Large Magellanic Cloud, Adam Johanson

Theses and Dissertations

Four regions of massive star formation in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) were observed for water and methanol maser emission and radio continuum emission. A total of 42 radio detections were made including 27 new radio sources, four water masers, and eight compact HII regions. The lobes of a radio galaxy were resolved for the first time, and the host galaxy identified. Seven sources were associated with known massive young stellar objects (YSOs). A multi-wavelength analysis using both the infrared and radio spectrum was used to characterize the sources. Mid-infrared color-magnitude selection criteria for ultracompact HII (UCHII) regions in the …

Go to article

A Mathematical Model Of Amoeboid Cell Motion As A Continuous-Time Markov Process, Lynnae Despain Mar 2015

A Mathematical Model Of Amoeboid Cell Motion As A Continuous-Time Markov Process, Lynnae Despain

Theses and Dissertations

Understanding cell motion facilitates the understanding of many biological processes such as wound healing and cancer growth. Constructing mathematical models that replicate amoeboid cell motion can help us understand and make predictions about real-world cell movement. We review a force-based model of cell motion that considers a cell as a nucleus and several adhesion sites connected to the nucleus by springs. In this model, the cell moves as the adhesion sites attach to and detach from a substrate. This model is then reformulated as a random process that tracks the attachment characteristic (attached or detached) of each adhesion site, the …

Go to article

Optimization Of Nonadsorptive Polymerized Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate As A Material For Microfluidics And Sensor Integration, Chad Rogers Mar 2015

Optimization Of Nonadsorptive Polymerized Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate As A Material For Microfluidics And Sensor Integration, Chad Rogers

Theses and Dissertations

Microfluidics is a continually growing field covering a wide range of applications, such as cellular analysis, biomarker quantification, and drug discovery; but in spite of this, the field of microfluidics remains predominately academic. New materials are pivotal in providing tailored properties to improve device integration and decrease prototype turnaround times. In biosensing, nonspecific adsorption in microfluidic systems can deplete target molecules in solution and prevent analytes, especially those at low concentrations, from reaching the detector. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) mixed with photoinitiator forms, on exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a polymer with inherent resistance to nonspecific adsorption. Optimization of the …

Go to article

Spiders Or Butterflies? Despite Student Preference, Gender-Biased Lesson Models Do Not Impact Interest, Attitude, And Learning In Biology, Amy N. Buxton Mar 2015

Spiders Or Butterflies? Despite Student Preference, Gender-Biased Lesson Models Do Not Impact Interest, Attitude, And Learning In Biology, Amy N. Buxton

Theses and Dissertations

Educational research often emphasizes the prevalent gender gap between males and females in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. While many studies have found a gender bias when it comes to specific areas of science, little has been done to analyze the effects of how we teach within each of these subjects. In our study, we took a new angle on gender research by specifically considering whether there is a gender gap in how the models (the specific lesson examples/content used to teach a broader biology topic) used to teach biology affect student interest, attitude, and learning. We first …

Go to article

An Investigation Of Friction Stir Welding Parameter Effects On Post Weld Mechanical Properties In 7075 Aa, Steven B. Dickson Mar 2015

An Investigation Of Friction Stir Welding Parameter Effects On Post Weld Mechanical Properties In 7075 Aa, Steven B. Dickson

Theses and Dissertations

The effects of weld temperature, travel speed, and backing plate thermal diffusivity on themechanical properties of a weld have been studied. A face centered cubic experiment of designwas completed in which the response variables were yield strength, minimum hardness in the HAZ, and charpy impact toughness. Three models were created from the data gathered usinga stepwise regression in order to see the effects of each parameter. For the yield strength andminimum hardness it was found that only travel speed and backing plate thermal diffusivities werestatistically significant to the properties. The charpy impact toughness saw that all three parameterswere statistically significant …

Go to article

Temperature And Stress Effect Modeling In Fatigue Of H13 Tool Steel At Elevated Temperatures With Applications In Friction Stir Welding, Bradley Valiant Jones Mar 2015

Temperature And Stress Effect Modeling In Fatigue Of H13 Tool Steel At Elevated Temperatures With Applications In Friction Stir Welding, Bradley Valiant Jones

Theses and Dissertations

Tooling reliability is critical to welding success in friction stir welding, but tooling fatigue is not well understood because it occurs in conditions that are often unique to friction stir welding. A fatigue study was conducted on a commonly used tooling material, H13 tool steel, using constant stress loading at temperatures between 300°C and 600°C, and the results are presented. A model is proposed accounting for temperature and stress effects on fatigue life, utilizing a two-region Arrhenius temperature model. A transition in temperature effect on fatigue life is identified. Implications of the temperature effect for friction stir welding suggest that …

Go to article

Simulations Of Electron Trajectories In An Intense Laser Focus For Photon Scattering Experiments, Grayson J. Tarbox Mar 2015

Simulations Of Electron Trajectories In An Intense Laser Focus For Photon Scattering Experiments, Grayson J. Tarbox

Theses and Dissertations

An experiment currently underway at BYU is designed to test whether the size of a free electron wave packet affects the character of scattered radiation. Using a semi-classical argument wherein the wave packet is treated as a diffuse charge distribution, one would expect strong suppression of radiation in the direction perpendicular to the propagating field as the wave packet grows in size to be comparable to the wavelength of the driving field. If one disallows the interaction of the wave packet with itself, as is the case when calculating the rate of emission using QED, then regardless of size, the …

Go to article

Judicious Use Of Communication For Inherently Parallel Optimization, Andrew W. Mcnabb Mar 2015

Judicious Use Of Communication For Inherently Parallel Optimization, Andrew W. Mcnabb

Theses and Dissertations

Function optimization---finding the minimum or maximum of a given function---is an extremely challenging problem with applications in physics, economics, machine learning, engineering, and many other fields. While optimization is an active area of research, only a portion of this work acknowledges parallel computation, which is now widely available. Today, anyone with a modest budget can buy a cluster with hundreds of cores, pay for access to a supercomputer with thousands of processors, or at least purchase a laptop with 8 cores. Thus, an algorithm that works well in serial but cannot be parallelized is needlessly inefficient in real-life computationalenvironments.We address …

Go to article

Compressibility Measurement And Modeling To Optimize Flow Simulation Of Vacuum Infusion Processing For Composite Materials, Paul Hannibal Feb 2015

Compressibility Measurement And Modeling To Optimize Flow Simulation Of Vacuum Infusion Processing For Composite Materials, Paul Hannibal

Theses and Dissertations

Out-of-autoclave manufacturing processes for composite materials are increasing in importance for aerospace and automotive industries. Vacuum Infusion processes are leading the push to move out of the autoclave. An understanding of the various process parameters associated with resin infusion is necessary to produce quality product. Variance in compaction, resin, and vacuum pressures are studied, concentrating on developing a compaction pressure profile as it relates to fiber volume fraction. The purpose of this research is twofold: (1) to show and quantify the existence of a resin pressure gradient in compression testing using rigid tooling, and (2) to use measured test data …

Go to article

Validity Of Holocene Analogs For Ancient Carbonate Stratigraphic Successions: Insights From A Heterogeneous Pleistocene Carbonate Platform Deposit, Colby Hazard Feb 2015

Validity Of Holocene Analogs For Ancient Carbonate Stratigraphic Successions: Insights From A Heterogeneous Pleistocene Carbonate Platform Deposit, Colby Hazard

Theses and Dissertations

Observations of modern carbonate depositional environments and their accompanying depositional models have been used for decades in the reconstruction and interpretation of ancient carbonate depositional environments and stratigraphic successions. While these Holocene models are necessary for interpreting their more ancient counterparts, they inherently exclude important factors related to the erosion, diagenesis, and ultimate preservation of sediments and sedimentary structures that are ubiquitous in shallow marine carbonate environments. Andros Island, Bahamas is an ideal location to examine the validity of Holocene conceptual models, where geologically young (Late Pleistocene) limestones can be studied immediately adjacent to their well-documented modern equivalents. For this …

Go to article

The Effects Of A Small-Group Direct Instruction Intervention On The Reading Achievement Of English Language Learners, Laurie Ottehenning Feb 2015

The Effects Of A Small-Group Direct Instruction Intervention On The Reading Achievement Of English Language Learners, Laurie Ottehenning

Theses and Dissertations

This study analyzes the effects of a Tier 2, small group intervention developed by the Exemplary Center for Reading Instruction (ECRI) that employs direct instruction strategies (including scripted sequenced lessons, teacher modeling, and repeated practice). The reading achievement of 15 English language learners (ELLs) in the ECRI intervention was compared to the reading achievement of 12 ELLs in a computer-based reading intervention. The reading achievement of 27 ELLs was also compared to the reading achievement of 48 non-ELLs in the interventions. Repeated measures ANOVAs and independent t-tests analyzed the results of the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement-II Brief, pre- and …

Go to article

Telescopes, Microscopes, And The Problem Of Evil, Christopher Fauske Jan 2015

Telescopes, Microscopes, And The Problem Of Evil, Christopher Fauske

Religion in the Age of Enlightenment

Astronomers of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries found themselves for a while at the center of an alignment of scientific, cultural, and religious curiosity. Theirs was an endeavor embraced by significant segments of the established churches of England and Ireland who supported the founding of scientific societies in both countries and who drew on their network of contacts with continental Protestants to keep abreast of current developments abroad. In England, for example, works such as the Reverend William Derham's Astro-theology drew on mounting evidence that the universe might well be far larger than could be imagined to raise …

Go to article

Full Issue Jan 2015

Full Issue

Religion in the Age of Enlightenment

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Beyond “Giver-Receiver” Relationships: Facilitating An Interactive Revision Process, Elena Shvidko Jan 2015

Beyond “Giver-Receiver” Relationships: Facilitating An Interactive Revision Process, Elena Shvidko

Journal of Response to Writing

Research has shown that in order to facilitate the development of students’ writing, teachers need to cultivate principles of effective feedback. However, revision is a joint process, and for the maximum effectiveness of this process, there should be more than just a giver-receiver relationship with the teacher giving the information and the student receiving it. Instead, students should be actively involved in the revision process by reflecting on and analyzing their own writing and meaningfully responding to teacher feedback. This teaching article describes a technique—Letter to the Reviewer—that facilitates collaboration between the teacher and the student. A Letter to the …

Go to article

The Effects Of Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback: A 30-Week Study, K. James Hartshorn, Norman W. Evans Jan 2015

The Effects Of Dynamic Written Corrective Feedback: A 30-Week Study, K. James Hartshorn, Norman W. Evans

Journal of Response to Writing

This study addresses several challenges in written corrective feedback (WCF) research. First, scholars have expressed concerns that although studies of focused WCF may benefit some classrooms and may help advance second language acquisition theory, they may not represent ecologically valid methods where comprehensive feedback may be more appropriate. Second, many focused WCF studies only report on learner performance within a narrow list of linguistic features, making it impossible for others to determine any secondary benefits or detriments of the treatment. Finally, many research studies of WCF have been of limited duration, making it difficult to identify longer-term effects of various …

Go to article

"To Put The Soul In Motion": Connoisseurship As A Religious Discourse In The Writings Of Jonathan Richardson, Clare Haynes Jan 2015

"To Put The Soul In Motion": Connoisseurship As A Religious Discourse In The Writings Of Jonathan Richardson, Clare Haynes

Religion in the Age of Enlightenment

It is only relatively recently that the significance of Jonathan Richardson's writings has been properly recognized. Carol Gibson-Wood, in a number of articles and a book, identified two main keys to Richardson's importance: first, Richardson adapted European art theory and "Englished" it for a British audience using a methodology heavily dependent on Locke. In doing so, he developed an approach to art that was distinctive in the European tradition. Second, Richardson, as both a writer and connoisseur, was more influential at home and abroad than was previously recognized. Indeed, Richardson was rightly acclaimed by Gibson-Wood as the "art theorist of …

Go to article

The Theory Of Evolution Is Compatible With Both Belief And Unbelief In A Supreme Being, David M. Belnap Jan 2015

The Theory Of Evolution Is Compatible With Both Belief And Unbelief In A Supreme Being, David M. Belnap

Interpreter: A Journal of Latter-day Saint Faith and Scholarship

The crux of the creation–evolution conflict is a futile desire to scientifically prove or disprove the existence of God. The conflict is manifest in the common belief that creation means a divine, supernatural process and that evolution denotes an atheistic, accidental event. Evolution involves a random change in an inherited trait followed by selection for or against the altered trait. If humans use this principle to design machines, solve complex mathematical problems, engineer proteins, and manipulate living organisms, then certainly a super-intelligent being could have used evolution to create life on earth. This reasoning indicates that evolution does not prove …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last