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Clinical Applications Of Fmri: An Adaptation Of A Standard Neuropsychological Battery, Alina K. F. Ichimura Jul 2008

Clinical Applications Of Fmri: An Adaptation Of A Standard Neuropsychological Battery, Alina K. F. Ichimura

Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this study is to advance the utility of functional brain imaging as a tool for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders by creating a statistical database of functional MRI (fMRI) brain activation patterns collected from neurologically and psychiatrically unimpaired subjects. Continuous fMRI scans have been obtained from each subject while s/he performed a variety of cognitive tasks that are commonly found in standard neurological and cognitive assessment batteries. The collected fMRI data has been processed, analyzed, and converted into database which can be used as a reference of reliable indices of normal brain activity patterns for …

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Recognizing The Need To Dissemble Emotions In Hypothetical Social Scenarios: Differences In Children With Language Impairment, Emily Rowberry Jones Jul 2008

Recognizing The Need To Dissemble Emotions In Hypothetical Social Scenarios: Differences In Children With Language Impairment, Emily Rowberry Jones

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the ability of children with LI to recognize the need to dissemble emotions. Participants included 22 children with LI and 22 typically developing peers, ages 7;1 to 11;0 years. Children were presented with 10 hypothetical social scenarios in which the main character experienced an emotion which should be dissembled for social purposes. The participant's responses were categorized as dissemblance or display. Children with LI reported that they would hide the experienced emotion significantly less often than their typical peers. Children in both groups reported higher levels of dissemblance when asked what their parents would want them to …

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Towards A New Currency Of Economic Criticism, Jason G. Douglas Jul 2008

Towards A New Currency Of Economic Criticism, Jason G. Douglas

Theses and Dissertations

“The Purloined Letter,” Edgar Allan Poe's third and final tale featuring the detective Dupin, has evoked a long history of critical response. Criticism has tended to read the text for its role in the development of detective fiction and as illustrative of various theoretical positions. However, the implications of the “The Purloined Letter,” as a tale of ratiocination, has largely been left unexplored. “The Purloined Letter” explores logical processes of value and exchange, particularly economic exchange, in a manner very similar to what Charles Sanders Peirce will call pragmatism several decades later. Dupin's deductive methods and Peirce's abductive logic express …

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Choose Your Words: Refining What Counts As Mathematical Discourse In Students' Negotiation Of Meaning For Rate Of Change Of Volume, Christine Johnson Jul 2008

Choose Your Words: Refining What Counts As Mathematical Discourse In Students' Negotiation Of Meaning For Rate Of Change Of Volume, Christine Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to describe how university honors calculus students negotiate meaning and language for conceptually important ideas through mathematical discourse. Mathematical discourse has been recognized as an important topic by mathematics education researchers of various theoretical perspectives. This study is written from a perspective that merges symbolic interactionism (Blumer, 1969) with personal agency (Walter & Gerson, 2007) to assert that human choice reflects, but is not determined by, meanings that are primarily developed through social interaction. The process of negotiation of meaning is identified, described, and analyzed in the discourse of four students and their professor …

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How Scholarly Is Google Scholar? A Comparison Of Google Scholar To Library Databases, Jared L. Howland, Thomas C. Wright, Rebecca A. Boughan Jul 2008

How Scholarly Is Google Scholar? A Comparison Of Google Scholar To Library Databases, Jared L. Howland, Thomas C. Wright, Rebecca A. Boughan

Faculty Publications

Google Scholar (GS) was released as a beta product in November of 2004. Since then, GS has been scrutinized and questioned by many in academia and the library field. Our objectives in undertaking this study were to determine how scholarly GS is in comparison with traditional library resources and to determine if the scholarliness of materials found in GS varies across disciplines. We found that GS is, on average, 17.6% more scholarly than materials found only in library databases and that there is no statistically significant difference between the scholarliness of materials found in GS across disciplines.

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The Integration Of Expert And Stakeholder Cognitive Models To Support Environmental Monitoring, R. Giordano, S. Liersch, Michele Vurro, V. F. Uricchio Jul 2008

The Integration Of Expert And Stakeholder Cognitive Models To Support Environmental Monitoring, R. Giordano, S. Liersch, Michele Vurro, V. F. Uricchio

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The transition towards an adaptive approach to the water resources management (AM) is leading to a growing demand of information in environmental decision-making. In an adaptive approach, monitoring becomes the primary tool for learning about the system and assessing the management strategies. Nevertheless, professional monitoring faces several important challenges, especially in countries where financial and human resources are limited. In our work, the usability of local knowledge to support environmental monitoring has been investigated. Several shortcomings are hampering the use of local knowledge. The data credibility is among the most important ones. To address this issue, we propose a methodology …

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Identifying State Variables In Multivariate Hydrological Time Series Using Time Series Knowledge Mining, O. Gronz, M. C. Casper, P. Gemmar Jul 2008

Identifying State Variables In Multivariate Hydrological Time Series Using Time Series Knowledge Mining, O. Gronz, M. C. Casper, P. Gemmar

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The challenge of modeling rainfall-runoff processes is to define a suitable functional relationship between input variables representing precipitation measurements and the output runoff. Depending on the system’s state, the amount of precipitation resulting in direct flow varies strongly. Thus, state variables indicating the system’s actual state can enhance the accuracy of rainfall-runoff models significantly. Fuzzy models of Takagi-Sugeno-type are one of the effective approaches to simulate rainfall-runoff processes regarding the different system states. The design of a fuzzy rainfall-runoff model consists of two essential steps: the definition of the structure (input quantities, state variables, rules) and the identification of parameters …

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Entropy-Based Fuzzy Set Optimisation For Reducing Ecological Model Complexity, A. M. Mouton, Bernard De Baets, A. Peter, G. Holzer, R. Müller, Peter L. M. Goethals Jul 2008

Entropy-Based Fuzzy Set Optimisation For Reducing Ecological Model Complexity, A. M. Mouton, Bernard De Baets, A. Peter, G. Holzer, R. Müller, Peter L. M. Goethals

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In recent years, fuzzy logic has been acknowledged as a suitable approach for species distribution modelling due to its transparency and its ability to incorporate the ecological gradient theory. Specifically, the overlapping class boundaries of a fuzzy model are similar to the transitions between different environmental conditions. However, the need for ecological expert knowledge is an important constraint when applying fuzzy species distribution models. Recent research has shown that data-driven fuzzy models may solve this ‘knowledge acquisition bottleneck’ and this paper is a further contribution. The aim was to reduce the complexity of a data-driven fuzzy habitat suitability model for …

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Evolvable Biological Interfaces: An Outline Of The New Computing System, Igor Balaž, Dragutin T. Mihailović Jul 2008

Evolvable Biological Interfaces: An Outline Of The New Computing System, Igor Balaž, Dragutin T. Mihailović

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In this paper, we represent architecture of a new individual-based model of evolvable biological interfaces. The model is based on three parts: mutable coding sequence, individual agents produced by the coding sequence and external environment represented by various virtual substances. Agents are able to recognize external substances and to perform transformations on them. However, unlike general computational scheme currently used in evolutionary computation which is based on predefined list of actions, where each action have predefined fitness value defined strictly within current problem, the recognition and corresponding transformation in this model are organized in completely different way. Here we merged …

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On The Role Of Pre And Post-Processing In Environmental Data Mining, Karina Gibert, Joaquín Izquierdo, Geoffrey Holmes, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, Joaquim Comas, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè Jul 2008

On The Role Of Pre And Post-Processing In Environmental Data Mining, Karina Gibert, Joaquín Izquierdo, Geoffrey Holmes, Ioannis N. Athanasiadis, Joaquim Comas, Miquel Sànchez-Marrè

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The quality of discovered knowledge is highly depending on data quality. Unfortunately real data use to contain noise, uncertainty, errors, redundancies or even irrelevant information. The more complex is the reality to be analyzed, the higher the risk of getting low quality data. Knowledge Discovery from Databases (KDD) offers a global framework to prepare data in the right form to perform correct analyses. On the other hand, the quality of decisions taken upon KDD results, depend not only on the quality of the results themselves, but on the capacity of the system to communicate those results in an understandable form. …

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Improving Communication In Urban Planning Using Topic-Cohesie, Hedwig Van Delden, Pieter Valkering, P. Luja, M. Van De Lindt, V. Neevel Jul 2008

Improving Communication In Urban Planning Using Topic-Cohesie, Hedwig Van Delden, Pieter Valkering, P. Luja, M. Van De Lindt, V. Neevel

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Decision making in spatial planning often takes place in a complex and illdefined context. It includes a large number of actors, factors and –often uncertain– relations. Each of the actors or stakeholders has his or her individual perceptions, values and priorities. This paper presents the TOPIC system, which aims to support this process by interactively collecting and managing the information in a participatory stakeholder process. We focus on a specific version of TOPIC – named COHESIE – which includes functionality for qualitative, participatory modelling. By representing actor perspectives in an explicit and transparent way, the modelling process facilitates the discussion …

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The David H. Morris Collection, Ronald W. Walker, Richard E. Turley Jr. Jul 2008

The David H. Morris Collection, Ronald W. Walker, Richard E. Turley Jr.

BYU Studies

David H. Morris (1858–1937) was a St. George, Utah, attorney and judge who had professional, geographical, and family ties to the massacre. He lived less than an hour’s automobile drive from the Meadows, and he and his family knew men who had a role in the killing.

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Coming Of Age In Spite Of The Contrast Of Vagueness: Native Speaker And The House On Mango Street As Erziehungsroman, Melissa Lee Huff Jul 2008

Coming Of Age In Spite Of The Contrast Of Vagueness: Native Speaker And The House On Mango Street As Erziehungsroman, Melissa Lee Huff

Theses and Dissertations

Treating Sandra Cisneros' The House on Mango Street and Chang-rae Lee's Native Speaker as Erziehungsroman—that is, stories whose coming-of-age process depends on the characters' education—reveals the similar process that both Esperanza Cordero and Henry Park experience as they navigate the 1960s and 1970s American school system. The most important obstacle in Esperanza's and Henry's ability to achieve academically is the contract of vagueness, the tacit agreement between federal education policy and English language learning (ELL) students to misunderstand one another. Differing cultural conceptions of education perpetuate this mutually detrimental relationship between education policy and ELL students, forcing Henry and Esperanza …

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Dialectic, Perspective, And Drama, Ethan Mckay Sproat Jun 2008

Dialectic, Perspective, And Drama, Ethan Mckay Sproat

Theses and Dissertations

This project is by and large a project of elucidation: it may add something to studies of Kenneth Burke, but I doubt it adds much to Kenneth Burke's studies. This thesis begins and ends with analyses of Burke's famous motto Ad Bellum Purificandum (or Toward the Purification of War). The Introduction focuses on "war" while the Conclusion focuses on "purification." In short, purified war is a dialectical activity which actively and perpetually pits divergent perspectives against each other. Such an activity keeps the conflictual nature of divergent perspectives in verbal and symbolic arenas rather than physical ones. Burke owes this …

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Performance On Natural Dissemblance Tasks In 7-11 Year-Old, Language-Impaired And Typically Developing Children, Noel Quist Jun 2008

Performance On Natural Dissemblance Tasks In 7-11 Year-Old, Language-Impaired And Typically Developing Children, Noel Quist

Theses and Dissertations

Studies over the past several years have shown that children with language impairment (LI) have greater difficulty in social situations than typically developing children. More specifically, studies have shown that children with LI have more difficulty with dissemblance. This study was conducted to assess whether these children are less likely to dissemble in real-life situations. Forty-four children aged 7 to 11 years (22 LI and 22 typically developing) were presented with four situations designed to elicit dissemblance. Their reactions were scored and compared. The results of this study showed subtle differences between children with LI and typically developing children. Children …

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The Effects Of Task Preference On Speech And Motor Performance Under Divided Attention Conditions, Amy Sue Leiter Jun 2008

The Effects Of Task Preference On Speech And Motor Performance Under Divided Attention Conditions, Amy Sue Leiter

Theses and Dissertations

Dual task performance and the interaction of tasks has been the subject of much research. When tasks are performed together they affect each other to varying degrees depending upon such factors as the similarity of the tasks, their difficulty, and whether one task is given preference over another. In this study, task preference was investigated under divided attention conditions in order to determine what effect preference had on task performance. Twenty young adults took part in this study and were randomly assigned into two groups. Each group was experimentally motivated to favor one of the two tasks – either speaking …

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Negotiating Identity In The Transnational Imaginary Of Julia Alvarez's And Edwidge Danticat's Literature, Erik R. Kerby Jun 2008

Negotiating Identity In The Transnational Imaginary Of Julia Alvarez's And Edwidge Danticat's Literature, Erik R. Kerby

Theses and Dissertations

The increased contact between nations and cultures in the globalization of the twenty-first century requires an increased accountability for the ways in which individuals and countries negotiate these points of contact. New World and Caribbean Studies envision the cross-cultural and transnational encounters between indigenous, European, and African peoples as important contributors to a paradigm within which identity in relation offers an alternative to identities rooted in national and filial frameworks. Such frameworks limit the ability to construct identity without relying upon static representations of history, culture, and ethnicity that tend to privilege one group over another. In the literature of …

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Deep Ancestry: Inside The Genographic Project By Spencer Wells, Duane Jeffery Jun 2008

Deep Ancestry: Inside The Genographic Project By Spencer Wells, Duane Jeffery

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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How Scholarly Is Google Scholar? A Comparison Of Google Scholar To Library Databases, Jared L. Howland, Thomas C. Wright, Rebecca A. Boughan, Brian C. Roberts Jun 2008

How Scholarly Is Google Scholar? A Comparison Of Google Scholar To Library Databases, Jared L. Howland, Thomas C. Wright, Rebecca A. Boughan, Brian C. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Google Scholar (GS) was released as a beta product in November of 2004. Since then, GS has been scrutinized and questioned by many in academia and the library field. Our objectives in undertaking this study were to determine how scholarly GS is in comparison with traditional library resources and to determine if the scholarliness of materials found in GS varies across disciplines. We found that GS is, on average, 17.6% more scholarly than materials found only in library databases and that there is no statistically significant difference between the scholarliness of materials found in GS across disciplines.

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Cross-Language Perception Of German Vowels By Speakers Of American English, Lore Katharina Gerti Schultheiss Jun 2008

Cross-Language Perception Of German Vowels By Speakers Of American English, Lore Katharina Gerti Schultheiss

Theses and Dissertations

This study focuses on how the cross-language perception of German vowels by native speakers of North American English differs based on various levels of classroom instruction and experience in a German-speaking country. Of special interest is whether more advanced students and those with target country experience have a different cross-language perception of German vowels from naive or less-experienced listeners. It further examines how English-speaking learners perceive German sounds that are not found in English, namely the front-rounded vowels. Study participants were students at Brigham Young University, divided into four groups: those 1) without knowledge of German; 2) in their 3rd …

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The Development Of Word Recognition Materials For Native Speakers Of Tongan, Lara Cahoon Seaver Jun 2008

The Development Of Word Recognition Materials For Native Speakers Of Tongan, Lara Cahoon Seaver

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to develop, digitally record, evaluate, and psychometrically equate a set of Tongan bisyllabic word lists for use in measurement of word recognition testing. Commonly used bisyllabic words were digitally recorded by male and female native talkers of Tongan. The psychometric performance of the words was measured at ten intensity levels (- 5 to 40 dB HL) in 5 dB increments by 20 listeners with normal hearing acuity. The 200 words with the highest rate of listener identification were included in four relatively psychometrically equivalent word lists of 50 words each and eight half-lists of …

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Institutional And Member News, Amy Ching-Fen Tsiang, Anchi Hoh Jun 2008

Institutional And Member News, Amy Ching-Fen Tsiang, Anchi Hoh

Journal of East Asian Libraries

No abstract provided.

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Assessing The Costs Of Sampling Methods In Active Learning For Annotation, James Carroll, Robbie Haertel, Peter Mcclanahan, Eric K. Ringger, Kevin Seppi Jun 2008

Assessing The Costs Of Sampling Methods In Active Learning For Annotation, James Carroll, Robbie Haertel, Peter Mcclanahan, Eric K. Ringger, Kevin Seppi

Faculty Publications

Traditional Active Learning (AL) techniques assume that the annotation of each datum costs the same. This is not the case when annotating sequences; some sequences will take longer than others. We show that the AL technique which performs best depends on how cost is measured. Applying an hourly cost model based on the results of an annotation user study, we approximate the amount of time necessary to annotate a given sentence. This model allows us to evaluate the effectiveness of AL sampling methods in terms of time spent in annotation. We acheive a 77% reduction in hours from a random …

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Acoustic Characteristics Of English Lexical Stress Produced By Native Mandarin Speakers, Shawn L. Nissen, Yanhong Zhang, Alexander L. Francis Jun 2008

Acoustic Characteristics Of English Lexical Stress Produced By Native Mandarin Speakers, Shawn L. Nissen, Yanhong Zhang, Alexander L. Francis

Faculty Publications

Native speakers of Mandarin Chinese have difficulty producing native-like English stress contrasts. Acoustically, English lexical stress is multidimensional, involving manipulation of fundamental frequency (F0), duration, intensity and vowel quality. Errors in any or all of these correlates could interfere with perception of the stress contrast, but it is unknown which correlates are most problematic for Mandarin speakers. This study compares the use of these correlates in the production of lexical stress contrasts by 10 Mandarin and 10 native English speakers. Results showed that Mandarin speakers produced significantly less native-like stress patterns, although they did use all four acoustic correlates to …

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Word Recognition Materials For Native Speakers Of Taiwan Mandarin, Shawn L. Nissen, Richard W. Harris, Alycia Dukes Jun 2008

Word Recognition Materials For Native Speakers Of Taiwan Mandarin, Shawn L. Nissen, Richard W. Harris, Alycia Dukes

Faculty Publications

Purpose: To select, digitally record, evaluate, and psychometrically equate word recognition materials that can be used to measure the speech perception abilities of native speakers of Taiwan Mandarin in quiet. Method: Frequently used bisyllabic words produced by male and female talkers of Taiwan Mandarin were digitally recorded and subsequently evaluated using 20 native listeners with normal hearing at 10 intensity levels (-5 to 40 dB HL) in increments of 5 dB. Results: Using logistic regression, 200 words with the steepest psychometric slopes were divided into 4 lists and 8 half-lists that were relatively equivalent in psychometric function slope. To increase …

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The Architecture Of Instructional Theory, Andrew S. Gibbons, Clint P. Rogers Jun 2008

The Architecture Of Instructional Theory, Andrew S. Gibbons, Clint P. Rogers

Faculty Publications

This chapter joins a discussion of instructional theory that has been ongoing for nearly a century. It departs in some ways from prior discussions: (1) it considers instructional theory as a species of technological theory rather than as a type of scientific theory, a view expressed more fully elsewhere (Gibbons, 2003a), (2) it adopts the viewpoint articulated in earlier chapters of this book that there are multiple distinct bodies of technological theory that pertain to the work of instructional designers, (3) it attempts to articulate a particular view of the nature of two of those bodies of theory by describing …

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Ranking Search Results For Translated Content, Brian Edwin Hawkins May 2008

Ranking Search Results For Translated Content, Brian Edwin Hawkins

Theses and Dissertations

Translation Memory (TM) is a valuable tool that helps human translators in doing their job. TM consists of a collection of previously translated texts, called translation units, that may prove useful in the translation of new text. The main problem faced by translators who wish to take advantage of TM is that, although search tools do exist, there is no standardized way of effectively ranking search results. This thesis proposes a method for ranking TM search results together with a novel approach to efficiently finding common substrings that is used in the ranking process.

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Long-Term Strategic Incrementalism: An Approach And A Model For Bringing About Change In Higher Education, Norman W. Evans, Lynn Henrichsen May 2008

Long-Term Strategic Incrementalism: An Approach And A Model For Bringing About Change In Higher Education, Norman W. Evans, Lynn Henrichsen

Faculty Publications

Innovation and reform are crucial to progress, but higher education institutions are by nature highly resistant to change. This article describes long-term strategic incrementalism, an approach to change advocated by L. Cuban, How scholars trumped teachers: Change without reform in university curriculum, teaching, and research, 1890–1990, Teachers College Press, New York, NY, 1999, and proposes a model based on this approach as a proven way of successfully carrying out change within higher education. The approach and model are illustrated through two cases involving reforms—one at the department level and another at the institutional level.

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Unamunian Microcosms: Four Short Stories In A New Translation Into English, Emily A. Davis May 2008

Unamunian Microcosms: Four Short Stories In A New Translation Into English, Emily A. Davis

Theses and Dissertations

Spanish writer Miguel de Unamuno's short fiction is neglected in both the academic and nonacademic communities, and it is especially underrepresented in English-language translation. This thesis constitutes a comprehensive approach to four short stories: "El que se enterró," "La manchita de la uña," "Mecanópolis," and "Batracófilos y batracófobos." A detailed exploration of thematic resonances among them, and between these and other works by Unamuno, precedes side-by-side translations of all four texts, of which only "Mecanópolis" has been previously published in English translation.

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Automating Mini-Ontology Generation From Canonical Tables, Stephen G. Lynn Apr 2008

Automating Mini-Ontology Generation From Canonical Tables, Stephen G. Lynn

Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis work we develop and test MOGO (a Mini-Ontology GeneratOr.) MOGO automates the generation of mini-ontologies from canonicalized tables of data. This will help anyone trying to organize large amounts of existing data into a more searchable and accessible form. By using a number of different heuristic rules for selecting, enhancing, and modifying ontology elements, MOGO allows users to automatically, semi-automatically, or manually generate conceptual mini-ontologies from canonicalized tables of data. Ideally, MOGO operates fully automatically while allowing users to intervene to direct and correct when necessary so that they can always satisfactorily complete the translation of canonicalized …

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