Digital Commons Network^™

Nature Or Nurture In English Academic Writing: Korean And American Rhetorical Patterns, Sunok Kim

Theses and Dissertations

For many years, linguists, ESL writing teachers, and especially students have puzzled over the phenomenon where non-native English writers' sentences are grammatically correct, but their paragraphs and complete essays often appear illogical to native English speaking readers. From the perspective of Kaplan's original contrastive rhetoric theory where American rhetoric is "linear," Korean L2 writers' apparently circular rhetoric causes problems. Even though Korean writers are trying to write paragraphs that are logical for native English readers, this illogical output results in Korean ESL students being perceived as poor writers. In order to discover more about the nature of the rhetorical problems …

Parenting And Digital Media, Sarah Coyne, Jenny Radesky, Kevin Collier, Douglas A. Gentile, Jennifer Ruth Linder, Amy I. Nathanson, Eric E. Rasmussen, Stephanie M. Reich, Jean Rogers

Faculty Publications

Understanding the family dynamic surrounding media use is crucial to our understanding of media effects, policy development, and the targeting of individuals and families for interventions to benefit child health and development. The Families, Parenting, and Media Workgroup reviewed the relevant research from the past few decades. We find that child characteristics, the parent-child relationship, parental mediation practices, and parents’ own use of media all can influence children’s media use, their attitudes regarding media, and the effects of media on children. However, gaps remain. First, more research is needed on best practices of parental mediation for both traditional and new …

11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Football-Related Concussions On Cognitive Function

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

In literature review, I examine the current research on football-related concussions and their effects on cognitive performance. A concussion is defined as a blow to the head which results in injury to the brain. Concussions are often difficult to diagnose as they do not leave any radiological variation that can be measured via MRI. Concussions were first observed in boxing during the 1920s, but research on concussions has been slow to gain momentum until recently. As empirical research has gained prominence, both short- and long-term effects of concussions have come to light. Significant cognitive effects of concussions include depression, links …

Pornography Use In Romantic Relationships

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Despite the increasing attention to pornography as a research topic over the past 20 years, little research has explored the relation between pornography use and both sexual satisfaction and infidelity in a romantic relationship. Research results consistently show that pornography use is positively correlated with infidelity in romantic relationships, but the evidence is mixed for short-term versus long-term sexual satisfaction. Pornography use is positively associated with short-term sexual satisfaction but not necessarily long-term satisfaction. However, studies of self-esteem and delay of gratification indirectly suggest that pornography use has a negative influence on long-term sexual satisfaction.

The Psychological Benefits Of Awe

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Experiencing awe is beneficial to mental health. Benefits of experiencing awe include the decreased severity of typical symptoms of depression, enhanced self-perception of the quality of life, and increased drive to improve one's future. Despite these benefits, the experience of awe is rarely implemented in treatment programs for physical or mental illness. Although it is not assumed that awe alone can "cure" depression or posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD), for example, I suggest that elicited awe should play a greater role in treatment programs.

Iq: Greatly Influenced By Early Family Life

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

For many years, psychologists and researchers have been interested in the nature and nurture debate with regards to IQ. Some have claimed that IQ is something that can be passed on through genetics and is an inherited trait. Others have declared that IQ level is not something passed on through genetics, but rather something determined by experiences one has in his or her life. This review was created to discuss how a child's IQ may be affected by early family life, a factor that requires more attention in the literature. This report will discuss how early child-parent experiences, intimate relationships …

Self-Worth In The Development And Treatment Of Eating Disorders

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Eating Disorders (EDs) involve a consuming drive for thinness. They cause significant physical and psychosocial impairment. A core commonality between EDs is the overvaluation of body weight and shape as a measure of selfworth. The purpose of this paper is to review the importance of self-worth perception in the development and treatment of EDs in women and girls. Women and girls with EDs tend to believe their worth comes from body weight and shape, as opposed to intrinsic sources. Self-worth can interact with other factors such as relationships, body dissatisfaction, and perfectionism in ED development. A major goal of treatment …

Effects Of Media Use On Mental Health Among Adolescents And Emerging Adults

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Media, such as the use of the internet and watching television, allows for quick communication between people, but overexposure to such media is correlated with social anxiety and clinical depression (Becker, Alzahabi, & Hopwood, 2013; Dalbudak et al., 2013; Dittmar, 1994; McNaughton-Cassill, 2001). Media usage is pervasive in our society, especially among adolescents and college students (Dittmar, 1994; Rideout, Foehr, & Roberts, 2010; Romer, Bagdasarov, & More, 2013). Symptoms of these mental illnesses are correlated with all forms of media, and can be influenced by the content of the media as well (Madan, Mrug, & Wright, 2013). Excess use of …

Front Matter 11.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Defining Autism: Social Influences And The Need For The New Classification

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The diagnosis of Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is rising, and the explanation is difficult to identify. Multiple factors play a role in diagnosis beyond the presenting symptoms. First, society is simply more aware of ASD than before, due to increased exposure. However, greater awareness alone does not give the full picture. Second, having a child with ASD within a community increases the likelihood of more diagnoses. Lastly, despite parents' resistance to labeling their children, they may feel pressured to accept a diagnosis in order to receive services that teachers or mental health professionals deem necessary. Despite the diagnostic criteria in …

Front Matter, Vol. 77 No. 3

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

The Digital Archive Of John Wompas, Jenny Hale Pulsipher

ScholarsArchive Data

Data Description: The Digital Archive of John Wompas, by Jenny Hale Pulsipher

In the course of writing my book on John Wompas, Swindler Sachem: The American Indian Who Sold His Birthright, Dropped out of Harvard, and Conned the King of England (Yale University Press, 2018), I gathered a great deal of information on such subjects as Indian slavery, Native land sales, the Atlantic maritime trade, and Native education in Massachusetts. This information contributed to the book by providing historical context for Wompas’s life, but most nitty-gritty details were tangential to the book’s purpose so do not appear in it. Because …

Characteristics Of Exercise That Influence Emotional Health Type, Intensity, And Duration

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The importance of exercise in molding a healthy mind, body, and emotional perception has been well established in scientific research. A review of the recent literature examining type, intensity, and duration of exercise illustrates how to achieve the best emotional results. Because exercise is not naturally built in to the modern lifestyle, people need to make concerted effort to exercise in order to better deal with stress and experience positive emotions. Studies indicate that both animals and humans are better able to cope with stressors when able to voluntary exercise. However, not all exercise is alike. Aerobic exercise appears to …

Caging The Ill The Mental Health Crisis In The U.S. Prisons And Jails

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The U.S. criminal justice system contains many people with mental illness. In fact, the lack of mental health institutions has, in part, converted prisons and jails into detainment facilities for the mentally ill. Yet prisons and jails are ill-equipped to handle these individuals. Additionally, prisons and jails foster an unstable environment for the mentally ill that can ultimately result in harm to themselves and others. A viable alternative for mentally ill offenders is the use of mental health courts. These courts provide professional treatment, supervision, training, and disciplinary proceedings that reduce recidivism, promote rehabilitation, and incur fewer financial costs. The …

Patient Suicide And Its Impact On The Therapist

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Patient suicide is shown to have a substantial impact on therapists' personal and professional lives. Although various populations are affected differently, psychologists, psychiatrists, and mental health social workers may experience intense emotions, such as depression, trauma, anger, and guilt after patient suicide. This literature review will explore the effects of patient suicide on both the personal and professional life of therapists, as well as identify methods of "postvention" that have been shown to be most helpful far the therapist. After experiencing patient suicide, therapists often gain a greater awareness of future patients' well-being and may change the way they practice. …

Full Journal 2.1

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Evidence-Based Practice Movements In Psychology: Empirically Supported Treatments, Common Factors, And Objective Methodological Pluralism

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The empirically supported treatment and common-factors rnovements each offer a .framework for evidence-based practice. However, neither framework is sufficiently objective or inclusive; rather, they are based on unexamined conceptions of evidence that commit pre-investigatory biases against certain types of methods and practices. An EST framework is built upon unexamined medical-model assumptions of evidence that are biased toward specific treatments based on randomized controlled (or clinical) trials (RCTs}; thus, it fails to consider viable non-medical-model research methods and types of practice. Analogously, the common-factors movement, which has influenced a recent American Psychological Association (APA) policy on evidence-based practice, is built upon …

An Interview With Dr. Allen Bergin

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Dr. Allen Bergin, a BYU emeritus professor, was one of the most eminent members of the BYU Department of Psychology. His influence can be seen throughout the discipline of psychology. Dr. Bergin came as a professor to BYU from Columbia University in 1972. Some of his best-known works include the article "Psychotherapy and Religious Values" (1980) and the Handbook of Psychotherapy and Behavior Change (coeditor, 1971- 2003). The foffowing interview took place via e-mail during June 2006.

Client Outcomes Across Counselor Training Level Within A Multitiered Supervision Model, Scott J. Nyman, Mark A. Nafziger, Timothy B. Smith

Faculty Publications

The authors examined client outcome data to evaluate treatment effectiveness across counselor training level. They used a multitiered supervision model consisting of professional staff, interns, and practicum students. Clients (N = 264) demonstrated significant improvement with no significant outcome differences between professional staff and supervised trainees. Limitations and future directions are discussed.

The Long-Term Effects Of Short-Term Psychotherapy On Depression: A Review Of The Literature

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

As depression is one of the most prevalent challenges to mental health today, there is a need for still farther research in this subject that has already received so much attention. There is a particular need for longitudinal studies of depression to determine the efficacy of psychotherapy as treatment. Additionally, there is a promising possibility for research into brief periods of treatment. Some of the psychotherapy literature focusing on the overlap of these two fields is examined. While many studies indicate that therapy brings about a decrease in depression symptoms, which is then maintained for as long as two years, …

A Successful Simian Summer

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Students of Dr. Higley share their research experience during an internship through the Oregon Health and Sciences University at the National Primate Research Center.

Winter Ecology And Spring Dispersal Of Common Ravens In Wyoming, Luke W. Peebles, Michael R. Conover

Western North American Naturalist

Numbers of Common Ravens (Corvus corax) have increased in western North America, and these high abundances are the source of problems throughout the species’ range. Little is known about the winter ecology of ravens. We studied a population of ravens in Wyoming during the winters of 2013–2015; our goals were to examine use of landfills for foraging and use of anthropogenic structures for roosting, as well as dispersal patterns of ravens from these landfills in the spring. On average, 22% of radio-marked ravens foraged at landfills on a given day and 68% roosted at anthropogenic sites (e.g. on …

Confused Existentialism As A Factor In College Students' Depression

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Although “meaning in life” and “existentialism” may be considered ambiguous in psychology, the former term became a psychological construct with implications for psychological well-being. In young adulthood, the transition to college can be a difficult process because of social pressures incident to the adjustment to adulthood, including the need to establish an adult identity. Consequently, meaning in life may be overlooked in the confusion. I argue that a focus on meaning in life can be beneficial for college students in moderating their short- and long-term perspectives, physical health, and emotional health.

Effects Of Ponderosa Pine Forest Restoration On Habitat For Bats, Shelly A. Johnson, Carol L. Chambers

Western North American Naturalist

Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests in the southwestern United States, used by 16 species of bats, are managed with thinning and prescribed fire to restore tree densities and fire regimes to conditions that existed prior to Euro-American settlement. Using 2 approaches (roosting and foraging) to categorize forest habitat for bats, we evaluated how restoration treatments may affect habitat use. We hypothesized that more foraging activity would occur in thinned stands because more species are adapted to open forest, but that more roosts would occur in unthinned stands where snags were unaffected by mechanical treatments and prescribed fire. During …

Discrete Pre-Processing Step Effects In Registration-Based Pipelines, A Preliminary Volumetric Study On T1-Weighted Images, Nathan M. Muncy, Ariana M. Hedges-Muncy, C. Brock Kirwan

Faculty Publications

Pre-processing MRI scans prior to performing volumetric analyses is common practice in MRI studies. As pre-processing steps adjust the voxel intensities, the space in which the scan exists, and the amount of data in the scan, it is possible that the steps have an effect on the volumetric output. To date, studies have compared between and not within pipelines, and so the impact of each step is unknown. This study aims to quantify the effects of preprocessing steps on volumetric measures in T1-weighted scans within a single pipeline. It was our hypothesis that pre-processing steps would significantly impact ROI volume …

12.1 Complete

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

When Two Roads Diverge: How Language Barriers Undermine Immigrant Parental Authority

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

In the United States, immigrant families are one of the fastest growing and most diverse segments of the population (Zhou,1997). Researchers have studied many facets of the immigration process that these families go through, such as acculturation gaps (Weisskirch & Alva, 2002), ethnic identity (Hurtado & Gurin, 1987), youth violence (Boutakidis, Guerra, & Soriano, 2006), and parenting styles (Nguyen, 2008). One construct that surfaces often in these studies is immigrant parental authority; some researchers hypothesize that the immigration experience could shift the authority structure in immigrant homes. The purpose of this literature review is to examine language barriers between immigrant …

Influence Of Mothers On The Development Of Body Dissatisfaction In Daughters

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Feelings of body dissatisfaction in young women are becoming ever more prevalent. Body dissatisfaction can lead to shame, hinder personal relation- ships, and distract women (ranging from pre-adolescence to early adulthood) from educational, career, or creative pursuits. Mothers are some of the biggest influencers in the development of body dissatisfaction in young adult women. A daughter’s development of body dissatisfaction can be influenced by their mother through direct interactions, indirect interactions, and the emotional quality of the mother-daughter relationship. Direct mother-daughter interactions can negatively influence daughters’ body dissatisfaction through maternal criticism and encouragement to lose weight (Sniezek, 2006; Taniguchi & …

Do You Have Internet Addiction?

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

The Internet is a readily available tool that can quickly access a vast range of information, resources, and services. Despite the abundance of resources provided by the Internet, it can prove more detrimental than helpful if we do not wisely manage our personal time on and use of the Internet. This lack of personal time management for the Internet has developed a recently new mental disorder called Problematic Internet Use, but more commonly referred to as Internet addiction. Although this disorder is applicable for all ages, it is found to be a common addiction in adolescents. By examining Internet addiction …