Digital Commons Network^™

Individual Performance And Taking On Firm-Specific Roles: The Case Of Business School Associate Deans, Jeff Dyer, David Kryscynski, Christopher Law, Shad Morris

Faculty Publications

The firm-specific human capital dilemma suggests that firms generally want employees to make firm-specific investments but that employees prefer not to make them. We suggest that individual performance may moderate this dilemma such that the dilemma increases as individual performance increases – i.e. firms may prefer high performers in firm-specific roles while high performers may resist these roles more than their lower performing counterparts. We examine our extended firm-specific human capital theory in a context where the classic firm-specific human capital dilemma likely exists: business academia. Using a unique dataset of 4,164 business school professors from 39 of the top …

Insomnia Is Associated With Frequency Of Suicidal Ideation Independent Of Depression: A Replication And Extension Of Findings From The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, Zach Simmons, Lance D. Erickson, Dawson Hedges, Daniel Kay

Faculty Publications

Objective: Insomnia is associated with suicidality, although the mechanisms of this association are unclear. This study sought to replicate previous findings showing that insomnia symptoms but not sleep duration are associated with frequency of suicidal ideation in adults. We further investigated whether depression or sleep duration moderates the association between insomnia symptoms and frequency of suicidal ideation.

Materials and Methods: We used the 2005–2006 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to replicate previously reported findings from the 2007–2008 cycle. We used ordered logistic regression to determine whether insomnia symptoms were associated with frequency of suicidal ideation independently …

From Individual Energy Behavioral Changes To Carbon Emissions And Public Health: A New Integrated Framework, Leila Niamir

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Defining feasible and cost-effective low-emission pathways are crucial in the transition to sustainable societies. In this context, scenario-based model projections play an important role in evaluating different mitigation options. Current macroeconomic models are widely used to develop climate change mitigation scenarios by finding cost-optimal solutions for total societal costs. Yet, decision-making tools to assess the impact of individual behavioral and lifestyle changes on energy consumption and carbon emissions are scarce. This is surprising, given the importance of diversity/heterogeneity in personal and social factors that influence decisions beyond purely economic considerations. The macroeconomic impacts of individual energy behavioral changes on carbon …

Automated Watershed Characterization And Prioritization For Protection And Restoration, Tyler Wible

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Watershed prioritization is necessary to target restoration efforts, protection status, and other priorities. The EPA Healthy Watersheds Assessment provides a framework for outlining and quantifying numerous indicators of watershed health and vulnerability across landscape condition, habitat, hydrology, geomorphology, water quality, land use change, water use, and wildfire risk categories, among others. However, these assessments require extensive effort to consolidate datasets from multiple sources across spatial and temporal scales. Combining the EPA Healthy Watersheds Assessment framework with an automated data extraction and summary tool can streamline this process and quickly quantify watershed characteristics for evaluation. Further, the volume of data compiled …

Integrating Residential Microsimulation, Land-Cover Change Modelling And Urban Planning Scenarios To Explore Alternative Futures: A Case-Study On Brussels, Frederik Priem

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Traffic congestion and urban sprawl are pervasive in the regions of Flanders and Brussels, causing damage to health, economy and nature. Due to the severity of the situation, urban densification strategies, aimed at reducing future land take, have recently become an important topic of public debate in Belgium. At present, there is still much uncertainty regarding the possible impact of proposed policy measures, or lack thereof, on future residential patterns and on the physical urban environment. Such information is key however to (1) assess alternative policy proposals and (2) to develop implementation strategies on various levels of governance once a …

Informed Citizen Panels On Swiss Electricity Portfolio 2035 And Longer-Term Usability Evaluation Of Informational Materials, Evelina Trutnevyte

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Low-carbon transition is gaining momentum, but relatively little is known about the public preferences for low- and zero-carbon electricity portfolios given their environmental, health, and economic impacts. Decision science literature argues that conventional opinion surveys are limited for making strategic decisions because the elicited opinions may be distorted by misconceptions and awareness gaps that prevail in the public. We created an informed citizen panel (N=46) in Switzerland using technology factsheets, an interactive web-tool Riskmeter, and group discussions. We measured the evolution of the panel’s knowledge and preferences from initial (uninformed) to informed and longer-term views four weeks after. In terms …

Modelling Green And Grey Stormwater Infrastructure Using A 2d Model For New York City, Tyler Dell

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Stormwater management strategies, or interventions, play a critical role in protecting urban regions from flooding. Stormwater interventions are used to enhance the resiliency of cities to changes in climate, sea level rise, land development, as well as other considerations that result in an increased likelihood of flooding. Interventions may include grey, green, and hybrid interventions that are designed and deployed individually or in combination within a comprehensive strategy. Interventions within New York City have been used to address issues such as flood prevention, water quality control, improved resiliency of communities to climate change, and improved livability, ecosystem integrity, and human …

Model Approach For Assessing And Forecasting Bathing Water Quality Along The Flemish Coast, Bart Verheyen

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In Belgium, the Flemish Agency for Care and Health and the Flanders Environment Agency are jointly responsible for monitoring the bathing water quality at beaches along the Flemish coast. Intense rainfall events can cause overloaded sewage systems to overflow into harbours and the sea. These polluted discharges can potentially impact the beach water quality along the Flemish Coast. As part of the water quality monitoring tools, both agencies are preparing to implement an operational forecasting and warning system to inform bathers about beach water quality along the coastline. This system has been setup to combine data and forecasts from different …

Using Game Technology To Engage Citizens And Quantify The Public Acceptability Of Air Quality Interventions, Enda Hayes

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Ambient air pollution has as significant impact on public health and was responsible for more than 4.2 million premature deaths annually worldwide. It is within our cities where this public health impact is most acute as high population densities and elevated ambient pollution concentrations result in an increased risk of exposure. This health impact is further exacerbated as air pollution interacts with other social determinants of health creating a disproportionate risk and burden especially for vulnerable communities. Traditional approaches to public engagement on this issue has resulted in a general apathy among citizens as they cannot connect the scale of …

Assessing The Environmental Impact Of Sunscreen Tio2 Nanoparticles: An Australian Case Study, Simone Heilgeist

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

As countries have begun to ban certain organic UV filters, the demand for inorganic UV filters such as titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) has emerged as an ‘environmentally friendly’ alternative. However, recently, their use is also under scrutiny due to the potential risks to consumers and the marine environment. Nano-TiO2 is suspected of being carcinogenic and cytotoxic, mainly because of its ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), even in the absence of UV irradiation. In order to inhibit the generation of ROS, TiO2 nanoparticles are coated with an inorganic layer like aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) or/and an organic …

Development Of An Integrated Spatial Planning Tool To Support The Co-Management Of Estuaries In New Zealand, Emily Harvey

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Estuaries worldwide face increasing challenges from multiple environmental pressures including: urban development, rural land use activities, and climate change. Managing the health of estuarine environments is a partnership between local government and the traditional inhabitants of the land; in Aotearoa New Zealand, Māori are tangata whenua (people of the land) with well-established approaches to environmental management - kaitiakitanga. As part of a broader Oranga Taiao, Oranga Tāngata research programme, local kaitiaki (guardians) highlighted the connectedness of system and the importance of considering not only impacts and changes in the harbour itself, but also how activities on land affect the ecological, …

The D-Moss Dengue Fever Forecasting System, Quillon Harpham

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Dengue fever now occurs in 141 countries and it is estimated that half of the world’s population are now at risk from the disease. 122,000 cases were reported in Vietnam in 2016 and this was followed by major outbreaks in 2017 and 2019 across the whole of SE Asia. Studies have emphasised significant links between climate variability and infectious diseases such as dengue fever, highlighting the potential for the development of modelling systems with the capability of predicting the probability of disease outbreaks several months in advance. Following the initial concept presentation at iEMSs 2018, this presentation introduces the D-MOSS …

Silvio - Analyzing Social Vulnerability Under The Influence Of Local Climate Change, Thais Lopez-Inojosa

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This paper presents the methodology SILVIO (Social Vulnerability Order Methodology), a method for the analysis of social vulnerability. Local knowledge is used to build an index of social vulnerability from demographic, economic and social variables (Social Vulnerability Index - SVI). Social vulnerability is understood here as a multitude of relationships between society and the environment that can impact significantly on the livelihood of residents in a specific geographical area. SILVIO consists of a correlation analysis between the SVI and two selected local climate variables, temperature and precipitation (Local Climate Variables - LCV). The variables of both, the SVI and the …

Assessing The Effects Of Agricultural Intensification On Natural Habitats And Biodiversity In Southern Amazonia, Jan Goepel

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The ongoing trend toward agricultural intensification in Latin America makes it essential to explore intensification measures in combination with assumptions regarding future socio-economic development and policies to protect biodiversity and natural habitats. The spatially explicit land-use change model LandSHIFT was applied to calculate a set of high-resolution land-use change scenarios for Southern Amazonia. LandSHIFT was chosen for this purpose, as it is able to simulate the future development of land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) under the combination of various driving factors operating at different spatial scale-levels, e.g., local land-use policy and global demands for agricultural commodities. The period of the …

A Preference Neutral Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Of Water Allocations In The Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, Louise Capel

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Historical over allocation of water resources has led to the degradation of many river systems, including in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia. Water resource managers must balance the trade-offs between socio-economic and hydro-ecological benefits. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) can help inform decision makers of the outcomes of different management alternatives by examining impacts on decision criteria. We examine results from an integrated environmental model, the Campaspe Integrated Model (CIM), developed for the Lower Campaspe catchment. The CIM provides indicative catchment-scale responses to policy options and farmer decisions under different climatic scenarios, in terms of water use, farm productivity, and suitability of …

Thirty Years Of Spatio-Temporal Modelling With Pcraster, Oliver Schmitz

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The open-source PCRaster environmental modelling platform (http://www.pcraster.eu) is a long-time developed toolbox for the construction of earth science simulation models, providing tailored model building blocks with main applications in hydrology, ecology, and environmental health. We present the recent developments of the PCRaster package. The distribution supports the conda package manager for a simplified installation on Linux, macOS and Windows, the usage of PCRaster in Jupyter Notebooks, the "multicore" module providing multithreaded field-based operations, significantly reduced build complexity, and a refactored code basis to recent C and C++ standards. While PCRaster originally started as a raster-based toolbox, it is nowadays required …

Citizen Engagement And Behaviour Modelling For Clean Air And Net Zero Carbon, Laura Fogg Rogers

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The environmental and health impacts of climate change and air pollution are being felt around the world and yet cohesive and collaborative policymaking to mitigate emissions are moving too slowly. Behaviour change campaigns instead focus on individuals making life choices within our current system, without taking account of systemic or societal barriers to change. In this paper, we present data from a Horizon 2020 project ClairCity (www.claircity.eu), which took a new approach to citizen engagement through modelling the impacts of residents’ city-wide suggestions. The four-year long project engaged with citizens and policymakers from six European cities/regions; Amsterdam, Aveiro Region, Bristol, …

Estimation Of Spatially-Structured Subsurface Parameters Using Variational Autoencoders And Gradient-Based Optimization, Jorge Lopez-Alvis

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Environmental models of the subsurface usually require the estimation of high-dimensional spatially-distributed parameters. However, the sparsity of subsurface data hinders such estimation which may in turn affect predictions using these models. In order to mitigate this issue, parameter estimation can be constrained to prior information on the expected subsurface patterns (e.g. geological facies). By using several examples of such patterns (e.g. those obtained from a training image), a variational autoencoder (VAE) learns a low-dimensional latent space that can be seen as a reparameterization of the original high-dimensional parameters and then estimation by means of gradient-based optimization can be performed in …

Modelling The Impact Of Citizens-Led Scenarios On Air Quality In European Urban Areas, Vera Rodrigues

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

ClairCity is a research project funded by the EU Horizon 2020 programme, which aims at improving future air quality and carbon policies in European cities by initiating new modes of engaging citizens, stakeholders and policymakers. ClairCity assessed environmental, health and economic impacts, through a quantification framework. This framework consists of an integrated urban module based on the household and dwelling characteristics, emission data (road transport, industrial and residential), air quality patterns and related population exposure, health-related impacts and costs, and carbon footprint estimates. The ClairCity framework contributed to apportion air pollution not only by technology, but also by citizens’ behaviour, …

Evaluation Of Watershed Healthiness Based On Hydrology, Water Quality And Ecological Status Using Swat And Invest, Soyoung Woo

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

This study assessed the status of the watershed health in the Geum River Basin (9,645.5 km2) by applying SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs). The watershed has 62% forest, 15% rice paddy, 11% upland crops, and 5% residential land uses. The streams in this watershed have been dried mainly by the forest growth and increase of groundwater use during the past 50 years. The watershed healthiness was calculated using multi-variate normal distribution from 0 (poor) to 1 (good) based on watershed hydrology and stream water quality results of SWAT and ecological …

Music As A Management Tool In Elementary Physical Education: A Qualitative Investigation, David C. Barney, Keven A. Prusak

Faculty Publications

Classroom management is an important aspect for a K-12 teacher in any content area. The same applies in physical education (PE). In PE there are large spaces, students are moving, and in many cases, equipment (basketballs, rackets, hula hoops, etc.) is involved. Thus, making PE a unique challenge in regard to classroom management for PE teachers. One tool an elementary PE teacher can use for classroom management is music. For this study, one school administrator, 19 elementary-aged students and one PE teacher were interviewed to better understand their perspectives of music as a management tool in elementary PE. Findings indicate …

Family Matters: Decade Review From Journal Of Family And Economic Issues, Heather H. Kelly, Ashley B. Lebaron, E. Jeffery Hill

Faculty Publications

This article reviews research regarding economic influences on a variety of family matters published in Journal of Family and Economic Issues from 2010 to 2019. As finances permeate nearly every facet of everyday life, scholarly research related to finances and family issues has spanned a wide array of topics. We briefly review research focused on the following 11 areas related to finances and family matters: (a) family formation decisions, (b) gender and relational power in family finances and relationships, (c) finances and fathers, (d) finances and mothers, (e) finances and parenting, (f) finances and elderly family members, (g) finances and …

Isolation Among Generation Z In The United States, Abby Bowler

Ballard Brief

Americans between the ages of 7 and 22 experience much higher rates of loneliness than other generations. Factors such as social media usage contribute to feelings of loneliness. which are compounded by the vulnerability and peer exclusion often experienced during adolescence. Social isolation leads to detrimental effects on both the physical and mental health of teenagers who experience it. Such effects include decreased sleep efficiency, a weakened immune system. and depression. Further. those who are lonely and isolated are more likely to participate in risky behavior such as substance abuse. Leading practices for treating isolation among adolescents (or its causes …

Domestic Violence Against Women In The United States, Kaitlyn Short

Ballard Brief

Domestic violence is a form of abuse by one individual against another in an intimate relationship. Historically, women have suffered the greatest effects of domestic violence with almost a quarter of US women experiencing domestic violence in their lifetime. Domestic violence is a social issue fueled by generational learning, isolated victims, unorganized healthcare aid, and family stresses. Women found in domestic violence situations experience moderate to severe mental and physical health concerns. Bystander children also face negative consequences such as internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Society at large suffers increased economic burden as it strives to provide aid and support for …

Educational Disparities Among Girls In India, Jenna Cook

Ballard Brief

There are great educational disparities among girls in India. Low literacy rates and lack of education are some of the inequalities found in this demographic. Many of these girls are raised without the expectation that they will complete their education, and since they become the mothers of the next generation, educational disparities become a cyclical. intergenerational issue. Many other factors contribute to the lack of education, such as cultural values, child marriage, a scarcity of feminine hygiene products, and child labor. The continued shortage of formal education among young females leads to poverty, decreased child well-being, health issues, and increased …

End Matter

Comparative Civilizations Review

No abstract provided.

God Grants Unto All Nations, Robert L. Millet

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

Many years ago, I addressed a group of faculty and students at a university in New England. It was a fifty-minute presentation on “The Christ of the Latter-day Saints.” Questions and answers followed. One faculty member raised his hand and then made a comment: “I do have a question for you,” he said, “but first let me say that I have great difficulty taking seriously any religious group that dismisses out of hand two thousand years of Christian history.” His words jolted me at the time, and his choice of words still troubles me. His query brought to mind a …

Chogyal Namkhai Norbu. The Light Of Kailash, A History Of Zhang Zhung And Tibet, Constance Wilkinson

Comparative Civilizations Review

The Light of Kailash : A History of Zhang Zhung and Tibet is a three-volume series by the late Chogyal Namkhai Norbu, former professor of Tibetan and Mongolian Language and Literature at the University of Naples L'Orientale. Born in Derge, Tibet, he spent much of his career researching the origins of pre-Buddhist Tibetan culture, finding sources in an ancient civilization, Zhang Zhung1, and an indigenous ritual tradition, Bon2.

Pestilence And Other Calamities In Civilizational Theory: Sorokin, Mcneill, Diamond, And Beyond, Vlad Alalykin-Izvekov

Comparative Civilizations Review

This paper analyses the phenomenon of pestilence through paradigmatic and methodological lenses of several outstanding social scholars, including Pitirim A. Sorokin, William H. McNeill, and Jared M. Diamond. All three thinkers have advanced original, fundamental, and revolutionary paradigms regarding the profound role which infectious diseases played, are playing, and will continue to play in world history and culture. The phenomenon of pestilence is studied in the context of other major calamities. The relevant historic, as well as contemporary macro-level and long-term sociocultural research, is reviewed. The author advances a number of original concepts, as well as makes relevant projections into …

St. Thomas Aquinas And The Third Hellenization Period, Demetri Kantarelis

Comparative Civilizations Review

In this paper, I assert that currently the world has been experiencing the Third Hellenization Period that started with the Italian Renaissance, instigated by the teachings of the theologian and philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274 CE). Unlike philosophers in previous periods (First and Second Hellenization as well as Medieval), St. Thomas preached that Truth is a function of both Natural Revelation and Supernatural Revelation. This resulted in, simultaneously, Christianizing Aristotle (St. Thomas’ most referenced philosopher) and Aristotleizing Christianity, thus opening up the doors to human reason that had been muted during the Medieval centuries.

I also assert that the basic …