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Mass Shootings In The United States, Sydney Livingston Sep 2023

Mass Shootings In The United States, Sydney Livingston

Ballard Brief

High rates of mass shootings are becoming a uniquely American problem; the US makes up 73% of the world’s mass shootings, yet makes up only 4.25% of the world’s population. School shootings, in particular, have increased dramatically in the US since the Columbine High School shooting in 1999, an event many perpetrators have since drawn upon as inspiration. There is a strong divide of opinions in the nation regarding how firearm deaths should be reduced, which has complicated and slowed progress in identifying effective solutions. Each mass shooting causes additional shootings to occur, and each one takes a toll on …

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Mental Health Challenges Among Physicians In The United States, Kase Haas Sep 2023

Mental Health Challenges Among Physicians In The United States, Kase Haas

Ballard Brief

Physicians in the United States experience elevated mental health challenges compared to the general population of the US and other professional groups. Owing to the significant demands placed on their time, emotional resilience, and effectiveness, many physicians in the United States encounter mental health challenges that surpass the national average by approximately 1.5 times. Because of these challenges, physicians hesitate to seek help due to licensure complications, stigmatization, and a culture of perfectionism and independence. As a result, physicians are more likely to develop habits of substance abuse, especially alcohol. Rates of alcohol abuse are about 3 times higher among …

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Utilizing Low-Cost Sensors To Monitor Indoor Air Quality In Mongolian Gers, Callum Flowerday, Jaron C. Hansen, Phil Lundrigan, Christopher Kitras Aug 2023

Utilizing Low-Cost Sensors To Monitor Indoor Air Quality In Mongolian Gers, Callum Flowerday, Jaron C. Hansen, Phil Lundrigan, Christopher Kitras

Faculty Publications

Air quality has important climate and health effects. There is a need, therefore, to monitor air quality both indoors and outdoors. Methods of measuring air quality should be cost-effective if they are to be used widely, and one such method is low-cost sensors (LCS). This study reports on the use of LCSs in Ulaanbataar, Mongolia to measure PM2.5 concentrations inside yurts or “gers”. Some of these gers were part of a non-government agency (NGO) initiative to improve insulating properties of these housing structures. The goal of the NGO was to decrease particulate emissions inside the gers; a secondary result …

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First Documentation Of Least Chub In The Snake River Drainage In Idaho, Eric J. Billman, Dallin Stokes, Isaac Calderwood, Cody Diehl Aug 2023

First Documentation Of Least Chub In The Snake River Drainage In Idaho, Eric J. Billman, Dallin Stokes, Isaac Calderwood, Cody Diehl

Western North American Naturalist

The Least Chub (Iotichthys phlegethontis) is a small minnow endemic to the Bonneville Basin in Utah, where the current distribution of extant populations is limited to a few small spring complexes. We report on the first documentation of Least Chub in the upper Snake River drainage in Idaho. In June 2021, October 2021, and June 2022, we surveyed for small-bodied fishes in off-channel habitat of lower Henrys Fork in Cartier Slough Wildlife Management Area west of Rexburg, Idaho. Small-bodied fishes were sampled at 17 sites in off-channel habitat; 5 baited minnow traps (galvanized steel) were set for approximately …

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Student’S Choice: In-Person, Online, Or On Demand? A Comparison Of Instructional Modality Preference And Effectiveness, Melissa Larson, Randall Davies, Anna Steadman, Wai Man Cheng Aug 2023

Student’S Choice: In-Person, Online, Or On Demand? A Comparison Of Instructional Modality Preference And Effectiveness, Melissa Larson, Randall Davies, Anna Steadman, Wai Man Cheng

Student Works

The recent increase in online instruction caused by the 2020 pandemic has reignited the debate over the efficacy of online instruction compared to in-person instruction. This study explored the impact various modes of instruction had on student achievement and compared students’ stated modality preference with their actual attendance behavior. Results show that while most students preferred in-person instruction (74%), only 47% of those who indicated they preferred in-person instruction attended class only in-person. Many attended classes utilizing a modality other than in-person, and several students switched their preferred modality away from in-person instruction. In general, students who attended class using …

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“What Could She Do Next?”: Margaret’S Power And Control Through Failed Emotional Labor In Elizabeth Gaskell’S North And South, Cianna Alano Aug 2023

“What Could She Do Next?”: Margaret’S Power And Control Through Failed Emotional Labor In Elizabeth Gaskell’S North And South, Cianna Alano

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

Critics of Elizabeth Gaskell’s North and South identify Margaret as an emotional laborer, but they emphasize how this is a detriment to Margaret rather than how she uses it to her advantage. Margaret’s role as an emotional laborer is, indeed, often unwanted and inconvenient, but she reappropriates this work to gain control of undesirable situations. Most notably, Margaret repeats this pattern when telling her mother of their imminent move to Milton, when dealing with the Higgins and Boucher families after familial deaths, and when attempting to stop rioters from hurting Mr. Thornton. Instead of just trying to complete the unwanted …

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Full Issue Aug 2023

Full Issue

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

No abstract provided.

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“Perfect In Her Eyes:” Domestic Retrenchment And Panoptical Resistance In Jane Austen’S Mansfield Park, Holden O. D'Evegnee Aug 2023

“Perfect In Her Eyes:” Domestic Retrenchment And Panoptical Resistance In Jane Austen’S Mansfield Park, Holden O. D'Evegnee

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

Mansfield Park features one of Jane Austen's most unique heroines, Fanny Price. Though Fanny is painfully shy—almost to the point of becoming the audience to her own story—she manages, by the end of the novel, to gain everything she wanted while the rest of her adopted family falls apart into disgrace or reform. Some critics see this as proof of Fanny’s monstrosity while others read Fanny’s ascent as a reward for her principled nature. Using recent postcolonial readings of Mansfield Park with Michel Foucault’s theory of panoptical surveillance, my goal is to show how Fanny Price subverts the colonial authority …

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Shakespeare’S Prince Of Denmark: Political Pandering In Hamlet, Moriah Theriault Aug 2023

Shakespeare’S Prince Of Denmark: Political Pandering In Hamlet, Moriah Theriault

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

Shakespeare's Hamlet contains frequent cultural ties and insights into Danish tradition that depict intentional effort to represent Danish culture. These accuracies can be seen in the description of the castle in Elsinore, the deep-seated conflicts between Christian forgiveness and revenge, and the traditional cannon salutes featured in Hamlet. Shakespeare created these connections to Danish culture for a political maneuver to win the favor of King James and his wife, the Royal Queen Anne of Denmark.

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Bacterial Extraction And Concentration From Blood Through Filtration Processes, Ryan L. Wood, Rebecca Prymak, Evelyn Welling, Alayna Bedwell, Jordan T. Wood, Damian E. Teasley, Magdalena Crofts, Hope Callister Anderson, Clifton M. Anderson, W Cameron Beard, Jacob Stepan, Alexandra Carter, William G. Pitt Aug 2023

Bacterial Extraction And Concentration From Blood Through Filtration Processes, Ryan L. Wood, Rebecca Prymak, Evelyn Welling, Alayna Bedwell, Jordan T. Wood, Damian E. Teasley, Magdalena Crofts, Hope Callister Anderson, Clifton M. Anderson, W Cameron Beard, Jacob Stepan, Alexandra Carter, William G. Pitt

Faculty Publications

Blood stream infections (BSIs) are challenging to rapidly and precisely diagnose. Current clinical diagnostic methods for BSI identification require culturing the blood sample for many hours prior to identifying the bacteria and possible antibiotic resistance. Removing the culturing step from the bacterial identification process of a BSI provides a significant reduction in the processing time, but shifts the rate-limiting step from the growth time to the concentration procedure, since CFU levels in clinical blood samples can be as low as 10 CFU/mL in blood. This study developed a novel whole blood filtration method to concentrate bacteria from a BSI without …

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Havens And Covens: Pregnancy, Witchcraft, And Female Power In Cotton Mather’S “Retired Elizabeth”, Brittney A. Hatchett Aug 2023

Havens And Covens: Pregnancy, Witchcraft, And Female Power In Cotton Mather’S “Retired Elizabeth”, Brittney A. Hatchett

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

Over the decades, scholars have been holding two adjacent conversations about witchcraft and gender in Cotton Mather’s works that surprisingly have not been put in dialogue. On the one hand, they have examined Mather’s witchcraft ideology and motivations for involving himself in the Salem witch trials. On the other hand, scholars have discussed how Mather seeks to exert control over women spiritually and physically. However, no one has yet explored how these conversations might converge. I suggest that we can see how Mather intertwines discourses of witchcraft and gender in the section titled “Retired Elizabeth” in The Angel of Bethesda. …

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Coping With Covid Through Tangled And Social Media, Maram Alturky Aug 2023

Coping With Covid Through Tangled And Social Media, Maram Alturky

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

In response to the events of COVID-19 in 2020, social content creators found connections between their lives and the life of Rapunzel as represented in Disney’s 2010 retelling of the Rapunzel tale, Tangled. To show these connections, YouTube videos were made to highlight the similarities between people’s lives under quarantine and Rapunzel’s containment in the tower. While these videos were seemingly made to play on current life events, they illustrate the many ways in which fairy tales have been used to bridge the fantastical and reality when attempting to cope with trauma. This article explores the connections between fairy tales …

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Real Time Tracking Of Sleep Behaviors As A Predictor Of Suicidal Ideation For Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Social Anxiety, Yong Seuk Steven Lograsso Aug 2023

Real Time Tracking Of Sleep Behaviors As A Predictor Of Suicidal Ideation For Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Social Anxiety, Yong Seuk Steven Lograsso

Theses and Dissertations

Suicide continues to be a critical concern for society as one of the leading causes of death in the United States, increasing from 10.4 to 13.5 per 100,000 from 2000 to 2016. This risk is further increased up to 8 times for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors have been difficult to predict on a moment-by-moment basis, in part due to technological challenges. Suicidal ideation has been identified as an important indicator of suicidal behavior and an important measurement for predicting suicide in both neurotypical individuals and individuals with autism spectrum disorder. In particular, sleep disturbances are …

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Undergraduate Students' Conceptions Of Ngss Science And Engineering Practices, Jessie Webb Aug 2023

Undergraduate Students' Conceptions Of Ngss Science And Engineering Practices, Jessie Webb

Theses and Dissertations

In 2013, a new set of science standards was introduced for K-12 science education, called the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), which focused on three dimensions of science learning that work together: disciplinary core ideas, crosscutting concepts, and science and engineering practices. These standards are novel in their emphasis on students needing more than only content knowledge to learn science and engineering. The NGSS science and engineering practices (SEPs) stress the importance of students engaging in the authentic practices of scientists and engineers to help them think like a scientist, practice science themselves, and overcome the misconception that science is …

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Full Issue Aug 2023

Full Issue

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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The Joseph Smith Translation Of The Four Gospels: A Harmony Aug 2023

The Joseph Smith Translation Of The Four Gospels: A Harmony

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

For a limited time you can purchase through FARMS this useful scripture study tool at a 30% discount. Compiled and published in 1989 by Steven J. Hite and Julie Melville Hite, it displays the full text of the four New Testament gospels in parallel columns, with the additions and deletions made by Joseph Smith highlighted by bold or strikethrough text.

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Farms Distribution Center Has Moved Aug 2023

Farms Distribution Center Has Moved

Insights: The Newsletter of the Neal A. Maxwell Institute for Religious Scholarship

With the increased pace of operations, FARMS has outgrown its offices in Amanda Knight Hall, so the distribution center and operations offices have been moved into a house converted into offices at 551 East 870 North in Provo, just west of the BYU Health Center. To reach the house by car, turn north onto 500 East off of 800 North (see the map). It is most easily reached on foot from campus by walking south on the sidewalk just east of the Widstoe building, crossing Campus Drive, going down the steps toward the west end of the Health Center, and …

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Gene Dive: Assessing The Diversity Of Perchlorate Reducing Genes In Mars Analog Environments, Colin Michael Robinson Aug 2023

Gene Dive: Assessing The Diversity Of Perchlorate Reducing Genes In Mars Analog Environments, Colin Michael Robinson

Theses and Dissertations

Biotic perchlorate reduction, a metabolic process that potentially occurs on Mars, has long been the subject of speculation in astrobiology. To determine whether it could be a viable metabolic strategy on the Red Planet, we sought to determine whether biotic perchlorate reduction could evolve and persist in Mars-analog environments on Earth. In this study, we introduce Gene Dive, a novel computational methodology that leverages profile hidden Markov models, sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree construction, and Faith's phylogenetic diversity to probe the prevalence and diversity of perchlorate reducing genes in metagenomes. To determine whether biotic perchlorate reduction persists in a wide range …

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So You Want To Teach Abroad?: A Guide For Prospective English Language Teachers, Michelle Mcmurray Aug 2023

So You Want To Teach Abroad?: A Guide For Prospective English Language Teachers, Michelle Mcmurray

TESOL MA Projects

Teaching English abroad has been one of the most exciting and rewarding experiences of my life. There are so many benefits to teaching English abroad, such as the opportunity to travel around the world and engage with other cultures, learn new languages, and develop both personal and professional skills. I have been fortunate to teach in China, Kenya, Brazil, and the Dominican Republic. My teaching responsibilities varied greatly in each country, and while these experiences were incredibly positive overall, each brought its own set of unique challenges. I often felt underqualified or too inexperienced for my roles, found myself in …

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Parental Roles In K-12 Online Education, Barbara Tanner Sandberg Aug 2023

Parental Roles In K-12 Online Education, Barbara Tanner Sandberg

Theses and Dissertations

Parental support roles in K-12 online learning differ from traditional schools. Since K-12 students typically have not developed the self-regulation skills necessary for academic engagement, parents partner with schools to provide the affective, behavioral, and cognitive engagement support necessary for academic success. Through 21 semistructured interviews with parents supporting K-12 students in varied online contexts, this study delineates how parents provided support in each of these dimensions of engagement. The participants felt that in online education, parents should take the primary responsibility for behavioral engagement support, and that teachers were primarily responsible for cognitive support. Parents believed they shared affective …

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Phosphorus Sorption And Kinetics Across The Sediment-Water Interface Of Utah Lake, A Shallow Eutrophic Lake, Forrest Fielding Stretch Jarvis Jarvis Aug 2023

Phosphorus Sorption And Kinetics Across The Sediment-Water Interface Of Utah Lake, A Shallow Eutrophic Lake, Forrest Fielding Stretch Jarvis Jarvis

Theses and Dissertations

Internal sediment phosphorus (P) cycling may regulate harmful algal blooms (HABs) in shallow eutrophic lakes. Utah Lake frequently experiences HABs despite its high alkalinity and P-rich sediment. Phosphorus cycling between the lakebed and the water column is dependent upon stable P-sorption with organic matter (OM) and mineral species, which can vary with substrate availability, P-concentrations, temperature, redox, pH, and microbial activity. A full biogeochemical analysis of the water and sediment across seven sites shows Utah Lake to be spatially well-mixed in terms of composition and sorption, with few exceptions. Sediment P-concentrations (avg. 677 mg-P kg-1) primarily correlate with redox-sensitive iron …

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Don't Fear The Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review Of Machine Learning For Prostate Cancer Detection In Pathology, Aaryn Frewing, Alexander B. Gibson, Richard Robertson, Paul Urie, Dennis Della Corte Aug 2023

Don't Fear The Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review Of Machine Learning For Prostate Cancer Detection In Pathology, Aaryn Frewing, Alexander B. Gibson, Richard Robertson, Paul Urie, Dennis Della Corte

Faculty Publications

The adoption of whole slide image (WSI) scanners in clinical practice was accelerated by US Food and Drug Administration approval in 2017, which allowed primary pathologic diagnoses to be made on scanned images. Images in the digital domain allow the application of pathology artificial intelligence (AI), including clinical decision support with algorithms performing specific diagnoses.1,2 These algorithms, if trained properly, could go beyond the ability of human observation to detect and quantify features that are not recognizable by human perception.1,3,4

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Detailed Characterization Of Material Deformation, Alexander J. Farnsworth Aug 2023

Detailed Characterization Of Material Deformation, Alexander J. Farnsworth

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents a comprehensive exploration of material deformation at the atomic level, investigating key findings and contributions through three fundamental methods: Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy (SFG), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). The research commences by uncovering the material dependency of nonresonant responses in both SFG and Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) signals. This redefinition of the nonresonant component as an information-rich carrier, rather than mere background noise, leads to novel insights into the potential applications of SFG. The study then delves further into the influence of mechanical stress on materials, establishing a connection between dislocation density on …

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Front Matter, Vol. 83 No. 2 Aug 2023

Front Matter, Vol. 83 No. 2

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Informal Learning In An Online Book Club: A Qualitative Case Study, Toni E. Pilcher Aug 2023

Informal Learning In An Online Book Club: A Qualitative Case Study, Toni E. Pilcher

Theses and Dissertations

This article examines the online book club called Victober, which is held every October on Youtube and other social media apps. As a qualitive case study, the research uses interviews, observations, and digital documents to explore the interactions and informal learning experiences of four women who participated in Victober 2022. The author identifies five overarching themes that emerged from the data: content creation, community identity, individual identity, rewards, and anticipation. These themes highlight the significance of content creation for YouTube and social media platforms, the sense of community fostered by Victober, the balance between individuality and belonging, the rewards of …

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Interference Between Speaking And Computer Tasks In Younger And Older Adults, Paige Elise Asay Aug 2023

Interference Between Speaking And Computer Tasks In Younger And Older Adults, Paige Elise Asay

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the effects of computer tasks on speech acoustic measures and the effects of speaking on computer task performance in 30 younger and 30 older adults. Participants completed a speech only task, two computer tasks, and simultaneous speaking and computer tasks. Stimulus sentences included the four corner vowels and two diphthongs embedded between voiceless consonants. Acoustic measures of speech included diphthong transition extent and rate as well as vowel space area (VSA) and vowel articulation index (VAI). A text formatting task included two levels of difficulty. A data entry task included sorting items from a shopping list into …

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Feasibility Of Rna-Based Pathogen Detection In An Infant Formula Matrix, Gweneth Claire Gustafson Aug 2023

Feasibility Of Rna-Based Pathogen Detection In An Infant Formula Matrix, Gweneth Claire Gustafson

Theses and Dissertations

Background: The dairy processing industry is currently hindered by slow, antiquated testing for high-risk pathogens, including Listeria monocytogenes and Cronobacter sakazakii. Powder infant formula's low water activity and substantial fat content enhance the survival and thermotolerance of such foodborne pathogens. As DNA-based detection methods can produce false positives even after cell death, a more accurate approach is needed. The objective of this study is to evaluate the suitability of an RNA-based platform for the detection of pathogens in a dairy powder matrix. Materials and Methods: A unique phenol-chloroform extraction method was used to obtain total RNA from heat-killed and unheated …

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Separation Of Perrhenate And Perfluoroalkyl Substances By Ion Chromatography With Customized Stationary Phases, Wai Ning Chan Aug 2023

Separation Of Perrhenate And Perfluoroalkyl Substances By Ion Chromatography With Customized Stationary Phases, Wai Ning Chan

Theses and Dissertations

Ion exchange chromatography (IC) is an analytical technique used to separate charged molecules including ions, proteins, small nucleotides, and amino acids. It can function in anion or cation mode. In this dissertation, anion exchange chromatography was used, and column materials were made in our lab with resorcinarene-based compounds called cavitands. Cavitands create cavities to bind to molecules because of their three-dimensional structure. Two new gradient IC methods were established to identify and quantify perrhenate and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) by customized resorcinarene-based column, zinc cyclen resoecinarene (ZCR) and arginine methyl ester (RUE) columns. The ZCR column accomplished outstanding separation of perrhenate …

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The Role Of Cytosolic Chaperonin Cct And Its Co-Chaperone Phlp1 In Folding And Assembly Of Signaling Complexes, Yujin Kwon Aug 2023

The Role Of Cytosolic Chaperonin Cct And Its Co-Chaperone Phlp1 In Folding And Assembly Of Signaling Complexes, Yujin Kwon

Theses and Dissertations

CCT, a large (1 MDa) protein-folding machine, is a eukaryotic group II chaperonin that is essential for folding many cellular proteins and is the most complex of all chaperonins with two rings each composed of eight paralogous subunits. CCT captures proteins in its folding chamber to assist the folding of its substrates. CCT utilizes ATP hydrolysis to open and close its chamber and fold its substrates. CCT has been shown to be important in the folding of proteins with - propeller domains which consist of seven WD40 repeat sequences that fold into -sheets that form the blades of a propeller-like …

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Perceptions Of Teacher Self-Efficacy For A Fourth Year Teacher: A Self-Study Approach, Alyssa Crabb Aug 2023

Perceptions Of Teacher Self-Efficacy For A Fourth Year Teacher: A Self-Study Approach, Alyssa Crabb

Theses and Dissertations

Teacher self-efficacy is a well-researched concept and a key component in student achievement, teacher performance, motivation, and retention. This self-study examined the perceptions of a fourth-year teacher's sense of self-efficacy in her classroom. The study was conducted by journaling about daily events that influenced the teacher's sense of doing well or not over the course of the first term of a school year (August–December). Weekly journals were then re-storied using a three-dimensional narrative structure to ground deeper into the context of the experience of being a teacher. Two main themes emerged: concern for students and concern for evaluation from other …

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