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Simple Statistics And Archaeological Problems, James R. Allison
Simple Statistics And Archaeological Problems, James R. Allison
Faculty Publications
Among Keith Kintigh’s many contributions to archaeology was his emphasis on understanding the connections among quantitative methods, archaeological problems, and what archaeologists can reasonably infer from their data. In both publications and in the classroom, he demonstrated the value of simple computer simulations to understand quantitative measures and how they behave when applied to actual archaeological data. Archaeological research increasingly incorporates analysis of large databases and quantitative methods appropriate to “big data”, but simple statistics are still important to archaeological research. This paper uses computer-intensive methods to demonstrate that archaeologists (and others) frequently misunderstand and misapply some of the simplest …
Mtdna Analysis Of The Paquimé (Casas Grandes), Mexico, Population Between The Viejo And Medio Periods, Rachel Summers-Wilson, Meradeth Snow, Michael T. Searcy
Mtdna Analysis Of The Paquimé (Casas Grandes), Mexico, Population Between The Viejo And Medio Periods, Rachel Summers-Wilson, Meradeth Snow, Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
This research project investigates the population interred at the archaeological site known as Paquimé (Casas Grandes), Mexico between two time periods known as the Viejo Period (700 - 1200 A.D.) and the Medio Period (1200 - 1450 A.D.). There was a shift in culture during the latter period marked by changes in material culture and the bringing together of larger populations near and within the city center known as Paquimé. Several scholars have suggested that this extraordinary cultural shift is principally due to migrations from other regions (for example: Di Peso 1974; Lekson 1999; Laekson 2015). The research conducted at …
Household Variation, Public Architecture, And The Organization Of Fremont Communities, James R. Allison, Katie K. Richards, Lindsay D. Johansson, Richard K. Talbot, Scott M. Ure
Household Variation, Public Architecture, And The Organization Of Fremont Communities, James R. Allison, Katie K. Richards, Lindsay D. Johansson, Richard K. Talbot, Scott M. Ure
Faculty Publications
In the far-northern reaches of the greater American Southwest, diverse groups of small-scale agriculturalists, labeled “Fremont” by archaeologists, spread across the northern Colorado Plateau and eastern Great Basin. During the long history of Fremont archaeology, most projects have focused on the excavation of only one or a few residences even in large village sites. Until recently, there has been little effort to understand Fremont social organization or Fremont communities and nothing that could be called household archaeology (but see Hall 2008; Hockett 1998; Janetski and Talbot 2000, 2014; Simms 2008). In fact, for many years the prevailing view has been …
Envisioning Natural And Built Environments As Sacred Landscapes In Prehistoric Casas Grandes, Mexico, Michael T. Searcy, Todd Pitezel, Steve Swanson
Envisioning Natural And Built Environments As Sacred Landscapes In Prehistoric Casas Grandes, Mexico, Michael T. Searcy, Todd Pitezel, Steve Swanson
Faculty Publications
We develop a hypothesized cosmography in an attempt to evaluate the sacred landscapes of the Casas Grandes cultural tradition of northern Mexico. This analysis includes attention to the relationships among archaeological features and aspects of natural geography in the Casas Grandes region. We draw on previous research regarding hilltop sites, architectural features, settlement patterns, and astronomical alignments noted at Paquimé, to envision how the Casas Grandes people mapped their landscape on both the built and unbuilt environments.
A Novella In Technicolor: The Artistic Connections To Theme And Prose In "The Hour Of The Star", Abby Thatcher
A Novella In Technicolor: The Artistic Connections To Theme And Prose In "The Hour Of The Star", Abby Thatcher
Student Works
Brazilian author-painter Clarice Lispector's work, especially her prose in her last published novella The Hour of the Star, is rich with deliberate color use; her abstracted prose style, including abstraction of punctuation, deliberate mention of specific colors during her narrative, and fragmented sentence structure all create an rich word-painting of the main character Macabea. This word painting creates an opportunity for Lispector to color her work with sharply pointed satire, convey political and social agendas of awareness, and ultimately places Macabea in an image-rich and meaning-driven view to the reader. This view is aided by further analysis of Lispector's little-known …
Festivals And Celebrations, Megan Hall
Festivals And Celebrations, Megan Hall
Children's Book and Media Review
People in all corners of the world love to remember important occasions with large celebrations. Although what occasions are chosen for remembrance and how they are celebrated is different across the world, every country and people has its own set of festivals. This book describes some of the most noteworthy festivals and celebrations enjoyed around the world. Celebrations in the book are as varied as a hot air balloon festival in New Mexico to building human towers in Spain. Children will love learning about festivals and celebrations from around the world as they read this book.
A Gis Approach To Archaeological Settlement Patterns And Predictive Modeling In Chihuahua, Mexico, Haylie Anne Ferguson
A Gis Approach To Archaeological Settlement Patterns And Predictive Modeling In Chihuahua, Mexico, Haylie Anne Ferguson
Theses and Dissertations
In this study I analyzed the pattern of settlement for known Medio period (A.D. 1200–1450) sites in the Casas Grandes region of Chihuahua, Mexico. Locational data acquired from survey projects in the Casas Grandes region were evaluated within a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) framework to reveal patterns in settlement and site distribution. Environmental and cultural variables, including aspect, cost distance to nearest ballcourt, ecoregion, elevation, local relief, cost distance to nearest oven, cost distance to Paquimé, slope, soil, terrain texture, topographic position index, cost distance to nearest trincheras, vegetation, vegetation variety to 100 meters, vegetation variety to 500 meters, cost …
Exploring Agentic Treatments For Anxiety And Depression, Tyler H. White
Exploring Agentic Treatments For Anxiety And Depression, Tyler H. White
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Agency and mental illness are hypothesized to be related. Agency may contribute to mental illness (specifically, anxiety and depression) by impacting the amount of choices in one’s life (LeMoyne & Buchanan, 2011; Schwartz, 2004). Effective treatment for the mentally ill targets causes of mental disorders, so if agency is related to mental illnesses, then it logically should be incorporated in treatment. Agentic treatment, which consists of any form of treatment that explicitly acknowledges the importance and the reality of agency, has been shown to be effective (Myers, 2016; Patterson et al., 2016; Slife, 2004). Effective agentic treatment includes autonomy groups …
Reduced Defenses And Increased Herbivore Preference Of Island Chaparral Shrubs Compared To Mainland Relatives, Ryan A. Salladay, Aaron R. Ramirez
Reduced Defenses And Increased Herbivore Preference Of Island Chaparral Shrubs Compared To Mainland Relatives, Ryan A. Salladay, Aaron R. Ramirez
Western North American Naturalist
The absence of herbivores from certain environments may select for plants that are less defended and more palatable compared to plants in similar environments that are exposed to herbivory. This potential loss of defenses becomes especially important when exotic herbivores are introduced to islands that historically lack such organisms, potentially resulting in negative effects on native island ecosystems. To test the hypothesis that island plants have reduced defensive traits, we measured structural defenses and palatability of 10 taxonomic pairs from contrasting island and mainland environments. Our study compares plants from Santa Catalina Island, California—which has a long history without large …
Informing Our Successors: What Botanical Information For Santa Cruz Island Will Researchers And Conservation Managers In The Century Ahead Need The Most?, John M. Randall, Kathryn Mceachern, John Knapp, Paula Power, Steve Junak, Kristina Gill, Denise Knapp, Matt Guilliams
Informing Our Successors: What Botanical Information For Santa Cruz Island Will Researchers And Conservation Managers In The Century Ahead Need The Most?, John M. Randall, Kathryn Mceachern, John Knapp, Paula Power, Steve Junak, Kristina Gill, Denise Knapp, Matt Guilliams
Western North American Naturalist
Climate changes are predicted to drive changes in plant species composition and vegetation cover around the world. Preserved specimens and other botanical information that we gather today—a period future practitioners may look back on as an early stage of modern anthropogenic climate change—will be of value to conservation managers and conservation biologists in the decades and centuries ahead. Here, we present suggestions for the systematic collection, long-term curation (in museums, herbaria, and other research institutions), and maintenance of plant specimens, along with associated data and analyses on the plants and vegetation present today and in the past. The primary aim …
Un/Doing Spirituality: Contemporary Art, Cosmology, And The Curriculum As Theological Text, Clark Adam Goldsberry
Un/Doing Spirituality: Contemporary Art, Cosmology, And The Curriculum As Theological Text, Clark Adam Goldsberry
Theses and Dissertations
Talking about spirituality can be uncomfortable. The topic is especially precarious within the sphere of education. Despite the discomfort and precarity, many scholars argue that there may be room in the postmodern curriculum for safe, open, and generative dialogue about religion and spirituality as cultural phenomena. These curriculum theorists (see Slattery, 2013; Doll, 2002; Huebner, 1991; Noddings, 2005; Whitehead, 1967a/1929; Wang, 2002) propose a sensitive critique of spirituality and religion that can lead to cultural healing, re-membering, re-integration and re-collection (Huebner, 1991). In an increasingly fractured world (Slattery, 2013), where spiritual and religious underpinnings cause an array of conflict, this …
Erosion Of Coastal Archaeological Sites On Santa Rosa Island, California, Christopher S. Jazwa, Kerri N. Johnson
Erosion Of Coastal Archaeological Sites On Santa Rosa Island, California, Christopher S. Jazwa, Kerri N. Johnson
Western North American Naturalist
The damage and loss of coastal archaeological sites from shoreline transgression and other near-coastal processes is common around the world. It negatively impacts our ability to address important research questions including those about the colonization of the New World, which likely occurred along the Pacific Coast. Differences in geomorphic context, annual weather patterns, topography, vegetation, bedrock, and land-use history lead to distinct localized patterns of erosion even within small geographic regions. We assessed near-coastal erosion on Santa Rosa Island, California, by monitoring annual change at 16 controlled points on 11 archaeological sites from 2013 to 2017 and by comparing it …
California Island Rediscovery: Building An Archive To Improve Conservation Today And Equip The Historical Ecologist Of Tomorrow, Scott A. Morrison, T. Scott Sillett, W. Chris Funk, Cameron K. Ghalambor, Torben C. Rick
California Island Rediscovery: Building An Archive To Improve Conservation Today And Equip The Historical Ecologist Of Tomorrow, Scott A. Morrison, T. Scott Sillett, W. Chris Funk, Cameron K. Ghalambor, Torben C. Rick
Western North American Naturalist
An understanding of how past conditions have shaped present-day ecological patterns and trends is critical to science-based conservation management. Unfortunately, the records, specimens, and objects historical ecologists need to help generate that understanding are often lacking. And because of a general underinvestment by society in systematic collection and museum curation, future historical ecologists may be similarly limited in their ability to investigate conditions regarding our present day. Given the importance of historical data and materials in contemporary conservation decision-making, we suggest it is incumbent upon resource managers and scientists to ask whether additional research efforts are needed to document past …
Terminal Pleistocene–Holocene Avifauna Of San Miguel And Santa Rosa Islands: Identifications Of Previously Unidentified Avian Remains Recovered From Fossil Sites And Prehistoric Cave Deposits, Paul W. Collins, Daniel A. Guthrie, Emily L. Whistler, Rene L. Vellanoweth, Jon M. Erlandson
Terminal Pleistocene–Holocene Avifauna Of San Miguel And Santa Rosa Islands: Identifications Of Previously Unidentified Avian Remains Recovered From Fossil Sites And Prehistoric Cave Deposits, Paul W. Collins, Daniel A. Guthrie, Emily L. Whistler, Rene L. Vellanoweth, Jon M. Erlandson
Western North American Naturalist
We provide an update to the fossil avifauna of San Miguel and Santa Rosa Islands based on the identification of 3509 small bird bones recovered from fossil sites on Santa Rosa and from 3 archaeological-paleontological cave deposits and 20 fossil sites on San Miguel. This work adds 64 species to the fossil avian community of these 2 islands, increasing the previous total from 83 to 147 species, making this the richest Late Pleistocene–Holocene coastal avifaunal assemblage recorded for California. Of the 64 newly identified species, 62 are new additions to the Channel Islands fossil avifauna and 40 are new to …
Eric H. Cline, 1177 B.C. - The Year Civilization Collapsed. Princeton University Press, 2015, Mariana Tepfenhart
Eric H. Cline, 1177 B.C. - The Year Civilization Collapsed. Princeton University Press, 2015, Mariana Tepfenhart
Comparative Civilizations Review
No abstract provided.
Traditions Of Early Human Groups In Baja California And Possible Routes For The Peopling Of The Peninsula, Harumi Fujita, Amira F. Ainis
Traditions Of Early Human Groups In Baja California And Possible Routes For The Peopling Of The Peninsula, Harumi Fujita, Amira F. Ainis
Western North American Naturalist
Ideas concerning the initial peopling of the Baja California Peninsula have dramatically changed in recent decades. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the native inhabitants of the southern part of the Baja California Peninsula were believed by some to have come from Melanesia, based on the perceived similarity in skull morphology. Since the middle of the 20th century, most researchers propose that initial populations entered from the north by land, bringing with them 2 distinct cultural traditions. The first wave was thought to have been an incursion of Paleoindians with Clovis-type fluted points. The second wave refers to …
Prehistoric Shellfish Utilization And Settlement Systems On Western Santa Cruz Island, Michael A. Glassow
Prehistoric Shellfish Utilization And Settlement Systems On Western Santa Cruz Island, Michael A. Glassow
Western North American Naturalist
Archaeologists generally have not taken advantage of the distinctive characteristics of assemblages of shellfish remains from prehistoric sites to gain information about movement of people between sites within their territory. I attempt to demonstrate this potential through analysis of shell assemblages obtained through small-scale test excavation at 2 archaeological sites in the interior of Santa Cruz Island: CA-SCRI-796 in the western sector of the island and CA-SCRI-758 at an upland location in the central sector. An aspect of the data analysis focused on strata containing an abundance of red abalone shells, dating sometime between 3700 and 3350 cal BC at …
Recognizing The Portuguese Immigrants Of The 1940s Through Photographs By Visual Anthropologist John Collier Jr., Anna Giberson, James Swensen
Recognizing The Portuguese Immigrants Of The 1940s Through Photographs By Visual Anthropologist John Collier Jr., Anna Giberson, James Swensen
Journal of Undergraduate Research
This project focused on the study of the photographs of Portuguese immigrants in Massachusetts taken in 1942 by John Collier Jr., an important pioneer in visual anthropology. My goal was to analyze Collier’s photographs in order to raise awareness of the contributions made by the Portuguese immigrant communities in Massachusetts as well as the work done by Collier in documenting their community.
Religious Literacies As Social Practice: A Latterday Saint Perspective, Eric D. Rackley
Religious Literacies As Social Practice: A Latterday Saint Perspective, Eric D. Rackley
Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel
Although we are learning more about how young people make sense of religious truths, there is a conspicuous dearth of research examining the meaning-making practices of Latter-day Saint youth. As a result, it is unclear, for example, how Latter-day Saint youth read scripture. What’s working for them? What’s not? How do we know? “Faith without understanding” may be the sardonic standard for religious literacy in the United States, but I am confident that in the Church we can do better. We can help youth develop faith and understanding. Without a clearly articulated conception of religious literacy, however, the Church may …
Forensic Science Research Opportunities, Conrad Monson
Forensic Science Research Opportunities, Conrad Monson
BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference
Forensic Sciences research needs, disciplines, and activity at BYU
Ethnography Of Sacred Education Practices, Isaac W. Calvert
Ethnography Of Sacred Education Practices, Isaac W. Calvert
BYU Research Development Office Research Networking Conference
Areas of Interest: History and Philosophy of Education, Religiously-informed teaching/learning practices, Ethnography/Anthropology, Apprenticeship, Jerusalem Studies
Lithics And Mobility At Land Hill And Hidden Hills: A Study Of The Stone Tools And Debitage At Sites In The Santa Clara River Basin And On The Shivwits Plateau, Megan Ellice Mangum
Lithics And Mobility At Land Hill And Hidden Hills: A Study Of The Stone Tools And Debitage At Sites In The Santa Clara River Basin And On The Shivwits Plateau, Megan Ellice Mangum
Theses and Dissertations
The Land Hill and Hidden Hills study areas were the site of the 2006 and 2007 Brigham Young University's archaeological field schools. The two study areas are located in contrasting environments; the Land Hill area is located along the Santa Clara River in southwestern Utah, and the Hidden Hills area was is located on the Shivwits Plateau in northwestern Arizona. The Land Hill study area is located within a well-watered environment which would support a primarily horticultural lifestyle. The Hidden Hills study area is located in an arid environment without permanent streams which would support a more mobile hunting lifestyle. …
Exploring Ceramic Vessel Use At Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico, Through Use-Alteration Analyses, Jessica Simpson
Exploring Ceramic Vessel Use At Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Mexico, Through Use-Alteration Analyses, Jessica Simpson
Theses and Dissertations
The Casas Grandes Valley is located in the northwestern corner of the modern state of Chihuahua, Mexico. This area falls into the greater Northwest/Southwest cultural region. Research conducted on Casas Grandes ceramics up to this point has focused on form and design in connection with burials, authority, sociopolitical organization, ceremony and ritual, communication, and identifying cultural boundaries and influences. Very little has been said about some of the everyday uses of Casas Grandes ceramics. My thesis explores the evidences of use on ceramic vessels in the Casas Grandes region during the Medio period (AD 1200-1450). I conducted a use-alteration analysis …
A Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of San Juan Red Ware, Robert Jacob Bischoff
A Spatial And Temporal Analysis Of San Juan Red Ware, Robert Jacob Bischoff
Theses and Dissertations
San Juan Red Ware was widely distributed throughout the Four Corners region of the U.S. Southwest between about AD 750 and 1100. Prior research indicates this ware is a marker of identity and was likely associated with feasting and other communal activities. A study of the distribution of this ware indicates that it was traded widely, but with significant variation in relative quantity between sites. This variation is likely caused by unequal access to this ware due either to a lack of access to the necessary exchange networks or by a conscious decision to not participate in the exchange of …
Design For Maintainability In Developing Communities—A Case Study On The Uros Islands, Thomas Barlow
Design For Maintainability In Developing Communities—A Case Study On The Uros Islands, Thomas Barlow
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Designing products for developing communities has exposed many of the underlying assumptions that engineers from developed nations have during the design process. There has been much written about these underlying assumptions in order to create a better framework for designing for developing communities. One unexplored, yet important area is the universality of common maintainability principles used in developed countries when designing products used in developing communities. Such principles include: simplicity, diagnosability, standardization of parts, modular subassemblies, minimizing assembly and disassembly parts, labeling components, increased life of moving parts, manuals, and simplifying tools needed for repairs [1]–[3]. The purpose of this …
The Beef Basin Occupation As An Extension Of The Northern San Region: An In-Depth Analysis Of The Ceramics In Beef Basin, Utah, Jaclyn Marie Eckersley
The Beef Basin Occupation As An Extension Of The Northern San Region: An In-Depth Analysis Of The Ceramics In Beef Basin, Utah, Jaclyn Marie Eckersley
Theses and Dissertations
This paper is a summary of the methods and key results of my analysis of 7,997 sherds from 14 sites in Beef Basin, Utah. I discuss physical attributes of the collection, the results of mean ceramic dating, the results of neutron activation analysis, and the results of refiring a sample of nips in an oxidizing atmosphere. I briefly summarize the architecture at each site , as well as possible Fremont cultural material found in and near Beef Basin. I conclude that Beef Basin was likely occupied in the early Pueblo III period and that the occupation was sudden and brief. …
Culture Influences On Human Decision-Making Processes Toward Environmental Policy: An Integrative Model Of Human-Environment Interaction, Gabriel Granco, Jessica Heier Stamm, Jason Bergtold, Melinda Daniels, Matthew Sanderson, Aleksey Sheshukov, Martha Mather, David Haukos, Marcellus Caldas
Culture Influences On Human Decision-Making Processes Toward Environmental Policy: An Integrative Model Of Human-Environment Interaction, Gabriel Granco, Jessica Heier Stamm, Jason Bergtold, Melinda Daniels, Matthew Sanderson, Aleksey Sheshukov, Martha Mather, David Haukos, Marcellus Caldas
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
The Anthropogenic era marks the role of humans as agents of planetary modification. In this era, the search for sustainability in human-environment interactions has pushed the development of modeling techniques able to incorporate dynamic natural and human feedbacks across temporal and spatial scales. While researchers have refined models for both natural and human systems separately, the coupling of these systems via model integration continues to be a challenge. In response, researchers have concentrated their attention on how human decision-making processes respond to and affect the environment. New pathways to sustainability may be developed by examining how human culture informs the …
Integrating Socio-Environmental Models: Vegetation, Agriculture, And Landform Dynamics, Miguel Acevedo, William Boyd, Hessam Sarjoughian, Isaac Ullah, Michael Barton
Integrating Socio-Environmental Models: Vegetation, Agriculture, And Landform Dynamics, Miguel Acevedo, William Boyd, Hessam Sarjoughian, Isaac Ullah, Michael Barton
International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software
How did landscapes evolve as agriculture emerged thousands of year ago? How do we ensure sustainable food production and still maintain environmental quality? Integrated socio-environmental models help provide answers to these two seemingly distant, yet related questions. For practical purposes, in this paper we use the terms socio-ecological and socio-environmental systems, with acronym SES as synonyms. The Mediterranean Landscape Dynamics (MedLand) project aims to develop experimental SES models made possible by recent advances in computation while exercising interdisciplinary collaboration. In this paper, we exemplify one aspect of this integration by discussing the development of a vegetation model, which at the …