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A Nonhuman Primate Model Of The Out Of Africa Theory Utilizing Chinese- And Indian-Derived Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta), Jacob N. Hunter Apr 2021

A Nonhuman Primate Model Of The Out Of Africa Theory Utilizing Chinese- And Indian-Derived Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta), Jacob N. Hunter

Theses and Dissertations

Evidence suggests that certain genotypic variants associated with novelty-seeking and aggressiveness, such as the 7-repeat dopamine D4 receptor variant (DRD4-7R), short (s) allele of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), and the low-activity variant of the MAOa promoter (MAOa-L), are more prevalent in human groups that radiated out of Africa than human groups that remained in Africa. Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), like humans, are a widespread species of primates that needed to adapt to different regional environments with one group, Indian-derived rhesus macaques, largely occupying predictable and resource-rich environments, while the other group, the Chinese-derived rhesus macaques, has come to occupy less …

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Cold Tolerance Of Mountain Stoneflies (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) From The High Rocky Mountains, Scott Hotaling, Alisha A. Shah, Michael E. Dillon, J. Joseph Giersch, Lusha M. Tronstad, Debra S. Finn, H. Arthur Woods, Joanna L. Kelley Apr 2021

Cold Tolerance Of Mountain Stoneflies (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) From The High Rocky Mountains, Scott Hotaling, Alisha A. Shah, Michael E. Dillon, J. Joseph Giersch, Lusha M. Tronstad, Debra S. Finn, H. Arthur Woods, Joanna L. Kelley

Western North American Naturalist

How aquatic insects cope with cold temperatures is poorly understood. This is particularly true for high-elevation species, which often experience a seasonal risk of freezing. In the Rocky Mountains, nemourid stoneflies (Plecoptera: Nemouridae) are a major component of mountain stream biodiversity and are typically found in streams fed by glaciers and snowfields, which are rapidly receding due to climate change. Predicting the effects of climate change on mountain stoneflies is difficult because their thermal physiology is largely unknown. We investigated cold tolerance of several alpine stoneflies (Lednia tumana, Lednia tetonica, and Zapada spp.) from the Rocky Mountains, …

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Using Trail Cameras To Document Meso And Large Mammal Use Of Native And Nonnative Riparian Forest Types In Southeastern Arizona, Cheyenne J. Herzog, Heather L. Bateman Apr 2021

Using Trail Cameras To Document Meso And Large Mammal Use Of Native And Nonnative Riparian Forest Types In Southeastern Arizona, Cheyenne J. Herzog, Heather L. Bateman

Western North American Naturalist

Riparian areas are an important resource for many wildlife species, especially in the arid Southwest. Understanding species occurrence in areas dominated by nonnative vegetation is important to determine whether management should be implemented. Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) is one of the most prevalent and invasive nonnative woody species in riparian areas in the southwestern United States, and it can alter vegetation structure. Little is known about how meso (medium) and large carnivores and herbivores use or avoid stands of saltcedar. We investigated mammal activity in 3 riparian forest types along the San Pedro River in southeastern Arizona: nonnative saltcedar, native …

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Beauty And Decay, Chiung-Ling Jyan Siebert Apr 2021

Beauty And Decay, Chiung-Ling Jyan Siebert

Theses and Dissertations

The intention of the project is to create an environment where the viewer can explore and form a personal narrative in the process of organic interaction with the work. At first glance, the scale of the installation will attract the viewer to the exhibition, however, upon close investigation he will discover there is deterioration, decay, and mutation. The ideas of time, beauty, decay, mortality, and interdependence will be discussed in this paper. The visitors are invited to interact with the work. I hope through spontaneous interaction the arrangements from the viewer will result in evolution of the work. The balance …

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A Review Of Home Range Sizes Of Four Raptor Species Of Regional Conservation Concern, Megan Kocina, Kevin Aagaard Apr 2021

A Review Of Home Range Sizes Of Four Raptor Species Of Regional Conservation Concern, Megan Kocina, Kevin Aagaard

Western North American Naturalist

Knowledge of the home range size (HRS) of species is critical for their effective management and conservation. We systematically searched the open literature for information on HRS for Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), Prairie Falcon (Falco mexicanus), and Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis). We found 24 articles with HRS estimates and accompanying methodology and demographic information on sampled individuals. Most studies focused on Bald Eagles, followed by Golden Eagles, Prairie Falcons, and Ferruginous Hawks. HRS estimates for the Golden Eagle were the largest and had the greatest associated variance (m …

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Tessellated Pictures And Traditional Piety, Matthew K. Higham Apr 2021

Tessellated Pictures And Traditional Piety, Matthew K. Higham

Theses and Dissertations

Nearly 300 years before the rise of a ‘Christianized,’ Eastern Roman Empire, generations of inhabitants in the Eastern Mediterranean and Near East had witnessed a considerable variety and evolution of religious thought. As a result of the expansion of Christian sects throughout the Near East and Mediterranean, in 325 CE, Emperor Constantine I convened a theological council to unite his vast kingdom in the East under a single religious creed. While revisions to the text of the first ‘Nicene Creed’ and subsequent councils would be organized, many dissenting factions refused to relinquish their long-held beliefs and traditions. Some of these …

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Redemption Through Representation: Grace Carpenter Hudson And Her Portraits Of American Indian Children, Meagan Camille Anderson Apr 2021

Redemption Through Representation: Grace Carpenter Hudson And Her Portraits Of American Indian Children, Meagan Camille Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

In his 1978 biography of Grace Carpenter Hudson, Searles R. Boynton refers to the artist as "the best in California," praising her life-long dedication to depicting the Pomo children of Northern California. During her lifetime (1865-1937), Hudson's work traveled to museums, world fairs, and expositions across the United States. The purpose of this research is to assert that Hudson's work is evidence of, and a response to, turn-of-the-twentieth-century Euro-Americans' hopes that the American Indian child could be "redeemed," or "saved," from their "savage" or "undomesticated" past. Additionally, this paper aims to convince the reader of the significance of Hudson’s art …

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Imago Clipeata, The Liturgy, And Giovanni Pisano's Man Of Sorrows Lectern: A Classical Reappropriation In The Gothic Era, Joslyn Elise Ableman Apr 2021

Imago Clipeata, The Liturgy, And Giovanni Pisano's Man Of Sorrows Lectern: A Classical Reappropriation In The Gothic Era, Joslyn Elise Ableman

Theses and Dissertations

The monumental sculpture, especially the pulpits, of the father and son duo, Nicola and Giovanni Pisano, have often been compared to ancient Roman and early Christian sarcophagi. Giovanni produced a pulpit with two accompanying lecterns for the Pisa Cathedral, which is just a few steps away from the Camposanto, a “holy field”, or cemetery, built around sacred soil from Golgotha which serves to house a huge collection of sarcophagi. Iconography, composition, relief style, and even the materiality of Giovanni’s Pisa pulpit is in part governed by, and connected to, these sarcophagi. This influence is especially highlighted by the Epistles lectern, …

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Yo, Mi Persona Y México, Jaime Trinidad Apr 2021

Yo, Mi Persona Y México, Jaime Trinidad

Theses and Dissertations

For as long as I can remember, I have struggled with understanding who I am. What makes me is something I try to make sense of through art. When I started working on this my graduation show, the idea behind it was to make a portrait of the Mexico I know, but when the pandemic hit, I found myself locked down at home, completely alone in a new country for the first time. This led me to question my existence and the belief systems I espoused and prompted me to try to understand myself better in the context of a …

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Electrical Capacitance Measurements To Assess European Corn Borer Infestation In Maize, Mavrik D. Thomas Apr 2021

Electrical Capacitance Measurements To Assess European Corn Borer Infestation In Maize, Mavrik D. Thomas

Theses and Dissertations

The European Corn Borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis, is an agricultural pest which bores small holes in the rind of maize stalks and then proceeds to consume the pith. Because most of the damage to the stalk is internal, it is difficult to quantify the damage to an individual stalk without time-consuming, manual examination. This work explored the hypothesis that internal damage could be detected and quantified using non-destructive, electromagnetic measurements. Laboratory experiments and numerical simulation studies predicted changes in capacitance of stalks due to hollow core ECB damage. A guarded probe device to measure electrical impedance from 500 Hz to …

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Pushing The Limits Of Sars-Cov-2 Survival: How Sars-Cov-2 Responds To Quaternary Ammonium Compounds And Wastewater, Benjamin Hawthorne Ogilvie Apr 2021

Pushing The Limits Of Sars-Cov-2 Survival: How Sars-Cov-2 Responds To Quaternary Ammonium Compounds And Wastewater, Benjamin Hawthorne Ogilvie

Theses and Dissertations

SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for the current global pandemic, COVID-19. Because this virus is novel, little is known about its sensitivity to disinfection. In this study, we performed suspension tests against SARS-CoV-2 using three commercially available quaternary ammonium compound (Quat) disinfectants and one laboratory-made 0.2% benzalkonium chloride solution. Three of the four formulations completely inactivated the virus within 15 seconds of contact, even in the presence of a soil load or when diluted in hard water. We conclude that Quats rapidly inactivate SARS-CoV-2, making them potentially useful for controlling SARS-CoV-2 spread in hospitals and the community. In addition to …

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Crashcourse Literature: Public Humanities By Reception, Emma Luthi Price Apr 2021

Crashcourse Literature: Public Humanities By Reception, Emma Luthi Price

Theses and Dissertations

CrashCourse Literature and other educational YouTube videos are essential mechanisms for connecting students and the general public to the humanities. Public humanities projects are in an intellectual tug-of-war between what academia and the diverse developing public want them to be, but that contention can and should be mediated using new media tools like CrashCourse Literature. CrashCourse Literature's emphasis on bringing the reader to the text and the text to the reader, echoes the goals of reception theory. Reception theory focuses on finding meaning in a literary text using the reader's horizon of expectations more than an a traditional, essentialist, "original' …

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Evolution And Selection: From Suppression Of Metabolic Deficiencies To Bacteriophage Host Range And Resistance, Daniel Kurt Arens Apr 2021

Evolution And Selection: From Suppression Of Metabolic Deficiencies To Bacteriophage Host Range And Resistance, Daniel Kurt Arens

Theses and Dissertations

The evolution and adaptation of microorganisms is so rapid it can be seen in the time frame of days. The root cause for their evolution comes from selective environmental pressures that see organisms with beneficial mutations survive otherwise deadly encounters or outperform members of its population who fail to adapt. This does not always result in strict improvement of the individual as in the case of antibiotic resistant bacteria who often display fitness tradeoffs to avoid death (see Reviews [1-3]). For example, when an ampicillin resistance gene (ampC) containing plasmid that is occasionally found in the wild was transformed into …

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The Slow Violence Of Eco-Apocalypse In The Poetry Of José Emilio Pacheco, Niels H. Christensen Apr 2021

The Slow Violence Of Eco-Apocalypse In The Poetry Of José Emilio Pacheco, Niels H. Christensen

Theses and Dissertations

Over the course of his fifty-year career, Mexican writer José Emilio Pacheco has almost habitually written poetry about environmental themes especially those related to pollution, extraction, deforestation, and other related themes of destruction. Simultaneously, his work has engaged with questions of temporality, namely the passing of time and the inherent violence of such questions. In this essay, I examine a selection of Pacheco's poetry from the 1970s to the early 2000s, demonstrating Pacheco's marrying of the two concepts: environmental degradation and time. This marriage results in a provocative synthesis of eco-apocalypse, a phenomenon that details a paradoxical end that never …

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From Captive To Captor: Hannah Duston And The Indian Removal Act, Olivia Cronquist Apr 2021

From Captive To Captor: Hannah Duston And The Indian Removal Act, Olivia Cronquist

Theses and Dissertations

In 1697 Massachusetts settler Hannah Duston was taken captive by a group of Abenaki Indians. Duston and her companions escaped captivity by using a tomahawk to kill ten of her captors. Within her captivity narrative, Duston inhabits the role of captor rather than captive, providing a literary framework for reading and understanding the process of Indian Removal in the nineteenth century. Like white captives in the early colonial period, Native Americans in the nineteenth century faced pressure to assimilate, forced marches through unfamiliar territory, and acts of shocking violence like the Wounded Knee Massacre. During this time period, the United …

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Processing Nihilism: The Struggle For Valuative Supremacy In Javier Marí­As' Berta Isla, Kristen A. Brimhall Apr 2021

Processing Nihilism: The Struggle For Valuative Supremacy In Javier Marí­As' Berta Isla, Kristen A. Brimhall

Theses and Dissertations

Nihilism is a popular and heavily studied topic which is prominently displayed in Javier Marí­as' novel Berta Isla. In this article, both Nietzschean and Heideggerian concepts of nihilism will be identified and analyzed within the context of Marí­­as's novel. Through textual analysis, the origin of nihilism will be explored as it relates to the will to power and valuative schema of the individual. It will be suggested that nihilism stems from valuative thinking induced by the herd-mentality of a community and that the fulfillment of such is the acceptance of absolute truth grounded in being and becoming.

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Early Rearing Conditions Affect Monoamine Metabolite Levels During Baseline And Periods Of Social Separation Stress: A Non-Human Primate Model (Macaca Mulatta), Elizabeth K. Wood, Natalia Gabrielle, Jacob Hunter, Andrea N. Skowbo, Melanie L. Schwandt, Stephen G. Lindell, Christina S. Barr, Stephen J. Suomi, James Dee Higley Apr 2021

Early Rearing Conditions Affect Monoamine Metabolite Levels During Baseline And Periods Of Social Separation Stress: A Non-Human Primate Model (Macaca Mulatta), Elizabeth K. Wood, Natalia Gabrielle, Jacob Hunter, Andrea N. Skowbo, Melanie L. Schwandt, Stephen G. Lindell, Christina S. Barr, Stephen J. Suomi, James Dee Higley

Faculty Publications

A variety of studies show that parental absence early in life leads to deleterious effects on the developing CNS. This is thought to be largely because evolutionary-dependent stimuli are necessary for the appropriate postnatal development of the young brain, an effect sometimes termed the “experience-expectant brain,” with parents providing the necessary input for normative synaptic connections to develop and appropriate neuronal survival to occur. Principal among CNS systems affected by parental input are the monoamine systems. In the present study, N = 434 rhesus monkeys (233 males, 201 females) were reared in one of two conditions: as mother-reared controls (MR; …

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Subsistence Practices At Nancy Patterson Village, Elizabeth C. M. Whisenhunt Apr 2021

Subsistence Practices At Nancy Patterson Village, Elizabeth C. M. Whisenhunt

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis was to gain an insight into the macrobotanical subsistence practices of Nancy Patterson Village and see how those practices fit in with the practices of the general Mesa Verde region by analyzing the burnt macrobotanical remains found in processed flotation samples. Previous work done at Nancy Patterson Village showed a shift in the faunal subsistence practices to a greater reliance on domesticated turkey during the Pueblo III period. However, the macro botanical analysis showed a higher richness of wild plant taxa in the Pueblo III period when compared to Pueblo II. The change to a …

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Effects Of Inhaled Combination Corticosteroid Drugs On Aerodynamic Measures Of Phonation And Visual-Perceptual Measures Of Vocal Fold And Arytenoid Tissue In Excised Rabbit Larynges, Christina Lynn Pang Apr 2021

Effects Of Inhaled Combination Corticosteroid Drugs On Aerodynamic Measures Of Phonation And Visual-Perceptual Measures Of Vocal Fold And Arytenoid Tissue In Excised Rabbit Larynges, Christina Lynn Pang

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the effects of inhaled corticosteroid drugs (ICs) on the voice due to their frequent use in treating an increasing prevalence of asthma disorders. As part of a larger five-year study, the focus of this thesis is specifically on whether 8 weeks of in vivo exposure to ICs will cause changes in the sustained subglottal pressure, sustained airflow, and visual-perceptual ratings of edema and erythema in excised rabbit larynges. Researchers administered either ICs or a control nebulized isotonic saline solution to 22 rabbits in vivo, sacrificed them, and harvested their larynges for benchtop …

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Phonation Threshold Pressure And Phonation Threshold Flow In Rabbits Treated With Inhaled Corticosteroids Versus Controls, Heidi Joan Robison Apr 2021

Phonation Threshold Pressure And Phonation Threshold Flow In Rabbits Treated With Inhaled Corticosteroids Versus Controls, Heidi Joan Robison

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is part of a larger series of studies being conducted by Kristine Tanner, PhD, Associate Professor in the Department of Communication Disorders at Brigham Young University (BYU). The larger project is funded by the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders at the National Institutes of Health. This thesis primarily investigated the effects of combination inhaled corticosteroids (ICs) on aerodynamic measures of the voice. In recent years, an increase in the localized laryngeal side effects from IC treatment, including dysphonia, have been reported. This study employed a between-groups experimental design, with two groups of rabbit larynges having …

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Spatial Resolution Of Quantitative Electroencephalography And Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging During Phoneme Discrimination Tasks: An Abbreviated Meta-Analysis, Emily Jean Jacobs Apr 2021

Spatial Resolution Of Quantitative Electroencephalography And Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging During Phoneme Discrimination Tasks: An Abbreviated Meta-Analysis, Emily Jean Jacobs

Theses and Dissertations

Phonological processing, the ability to recognize and manipulate the sounds of one's native language, is an essential linguistic skill. Deficits in this skill may lead to decreased social, educational, and financial success (Kraus & White-Schwoch, 2019). Additionally, phonological disorders have been shown to be highly variable and individualized (Bellon-Harn & Cradeur-Pampolina, 2016) and therefore difficult to treat effectively. A better understanding of the neural underpinnings of phonological processing, including the underlying skill of phonemic discrimination, could lead to the development of more individualized and effective intervention. Several studies, some using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) and others using functional magnetic resonance imaging …

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How Word Characteristics Affect Language-Mediated Eye Movements In Preschoolers With Varying Language Ability, Shelby Nicole Slocum Apr 2021

How Word Characteristics Affect Language-Mediated Eye Movements In Preschoolers With Varying Language Ability, Shelby Nicole Slocum

Theses and Dissertations

Children with lower language abilities, including children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) are at risk for persistent reading difficulties. Previous studies have demonstrated that children with lower language abilities display eye movements different from their typically developing peers while hearing nouns in a naturalistic storybook reading context. This study examined how language ability and various lexical characteristics interact with 4- and 5-year- olds' eye movements during a naturalistic storybook reading task. We used eye-tracking technology to measure eye movements of 49 preschoolers with variable language skill. The children looked at storybook pictures on an eye tracking computer while they listened …

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From Sea To Waterless Sea: Archipelagic Thought And Reorientation In When The Emperor Was Divine, Summer Weaver Apr 2021

From Sea To Waterless Sea: Archipelagic Thought And Reorientation In When The Emperor Was Divine, Summer Weaver

Theses and Dissertations

Julie Otsuka's novel When the Emperor Was Divine (2002) retells the trauma of the Japanese American imprisonment through the lens of fictional characters taken from their "white house on the wide street in Berkeley not far from the sea" to "the scorched white earth of the desert" (74, 23). The Topaz Internment Camp in Utah's Sevier Desert, where these characters were forcibly relocated, sits on the site of an ancient inland sea, Lake Bonneville, which submerged that barren desert ground some ten thousand years ago. The paleolake serves as a displaced but active character in Otsuka's novel that shapes the …

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Going For Gold: Point Of Care Bio-Diagnostics And Gold Nanoparticles Treating Disease, Trevor M. Godfrey Apr 2021

Going For Gold: Point Of Care Bio-Diagnostics And Gold Nanoparticles Treating Disease, Trevor M. Godfrey

Theses and Dissertations

Correct diagnosis of disease is essential in the effort to save and improve lives. Point of care (POC) diagnostics are in-vitro tests that assist in patient diagnosis and can be used at the location of patient care. POC diagnostics are easy to use and provide near-instant readouts allowing medical providers and patients to make rapid decisions about treatment. Increased access to POC testing is especially beneficial to low-income and low resource areas that cannot afford expensive lab testing. The World Health Organization (WHO) has outlined at least 113 diseases for which POC diagnostics are needed. Because of this, developing effective, …

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Improving Artistic Workflows For Fluid Simulation Through Adaptive And Editable Fluid Simulation Techniques, Sean A. Flynn Apr 2021

Improving Artistic Workflows For Fluid Simulation Through Adaptive And Editable Fluid Simulation Techniques, Sean A. Flynn

Theses and Dissertations

As the fidelity of computer generated imagery has increased, the need to digitally create convincing natural phenomena like fluids has become fundamental to the entertainment production industry. Because fluids are complex, the underlying physics must be computationally simulated. However, because a strictly physics-based approach is both computationally expensive and difficult to control, it does not lend itself well to the way artists and directors like to work. Directors require control to achieve their specific artistic vision. Furthermore, artistic workflows rely on quick iteration and the ability to apply changes late in the production process. In this dissertation we present novel …

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Perceptions Of The Physically Disabled Influenced By Media Portrayals, Jessica Parcell Apr 2021

Perceptions Of The Physically Disabled Influenced By Media Portrayals, Jessica Parcell

Theses and Dissertations

Using a quantitative coding method, the current study analyzed cinematic productions between the years 1989 and 2019 (N = 79) for presence of supercrip and victim stereotypes among portrayals of the physically disabled. A series of One-way ANOVA - Bonferonni and Bivariate Correlation tests were performed, and results indicated that while negative and supercrip stereotypes of the physically disabled have decreased over this 30-year period, simultaneously, very positive and victim stereotypes have risen. Results showed negative (F = 3.215, p = .046) portrayals decreased over time, but that simultaneously victim (F = 8.044, p = .001) and very positive (F …

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Geoglows Hydroviewer: Open Software-As-A-Service For Localizing Global Hydrologic Forecasts Of The Group On Earth Observations Global Water Sustainability Initiative, Kyler Ralph Ashby Apr 2021

Geoglows Hydroviewer: Open Software-As-A-Service For Localizing Global Hydrologic Forecasts Of The Group On Earth Observations Global Water Sustainability Initiative, Kyler Ralph Ashby

Theses and Dissertations

Earth observation data is increasingly ubiquitous, easily accessible, freely available, and generally usable due to improvements in software, data standards, network infrastructure, and national policies. As a result, greater opportunities arise for using these data in a wider field of application including decision support for local and regional environmental and water resources management efforts. In parts of the world where in situ data are less readily available, global Earth observation data used in such decision support tools can be a boon to underfunded government and private water management agencies. The United Nations Group on Earth Observations Global Water Sustainability initiative …

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A Review Of Fitness Tracker Game Elements And A Novel Game Approach For The Design Space, Aatish Neupane Apr 2021

A Review Of Fitness Tracker Game Elements And A Novel Game Approach For The Design Space, Aatish Neupane

Theses and Dissertations

Physical activities like walking have proven health benefits. People are adopting fitness trackers to track physical activity, but they often stop using them after a relatively short time. Many apps and games exist in the app markets that use gamification to tackle this problem of motivation. In this thesis, we examined these existing gamified fitness tracker apps from app markets and looked at the usage of different game elements within these apps. We conducted a systematic review of existing fitness Tracker Apps from Google Play Store and Apple App Store and used a mixed-method approach to identify apps, categorize them …

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“Thou Wast Chosen Before Thou Wast Born”: An Egyptian Context For The Election Of Abraham, Stephen O. Smoot Apr 2021

“Thou Wast Chosen Before Thou Wast Born”: An Egyptian Context For The Election Of Abraham, Stephen O. Smoot

Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel

Arguably the most important doctrinal contribution of the Book of Abraham is its teaching about the premortal existence of humankind. As John Gee has recognized, “The largest effect that the Book of Abraham has had on Latter-day Saint thought is its concept of the premortal existence and the purpose of life. Although other Latter-day Saint scriptures discuss the premortal existence, the Book of Abraham provides the clearest explanation of this key Latter-day Saint doctrine.” The importance of the Book of Abraham’s teaching about the premortal existence is confirmed by surveying the LDS Scripture Citation Index, which reveals that General Authorities …

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Full Issue Apr 2021

Full Issue

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

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