Digital Commons Network^™

Organizational Value Of Social Responsibility In Sport: Creating A Conceptual Framework, Joseph E. Durant

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a growing phenomenon in the corporate world, and with its growth comes related research. One of the biggest questions surrounding CSR as a part of business plans is whether it has verifiable benefits to the firm. Businesses typically make decisions based on what is best for the firm, so to inquire about the benefits of CSR is natural. Existing literature supports the monetary benefits of CSR as well as identifies non-monetary outcomes that are beneficial to the firm. Amongst the corporate markets that CSR has inhabited, the sport market is unique in its inherent marketing …

Mental Illness In Intercollegiate Athletics: Educating And Planning For Emergencies, Danielle Coppes

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

The mental health of athletes is a growing frontier that presents with its own specific risk factors and manifestations of different psychiatric disorders. The purpose of this project was to obtain information about specific psychological illnesses that can then be communicated to all athletes, coaches, administrators, athletic trainers, and other stake holders in the overall health of athletes as well as create an emergency action plan (EAP) for Bowling Green State University in the case of an emergent situation involving an athlete suffering from a mental illness. This project focuses on signs and symptoms of specific mental illnesses including major …

Females Perspective In Overcoming Professional Obstacles, Caroline Berger

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Evidence suggests that significantly lower numbers of females possess head athletic training positions in the field of athletic training (Martin, 2013). While research has demonstrated that females are still facing a great amount of deterrents in hopes to hold head leadership positions, there has been a lack of direction for those females that aspire to hold head positions in athletic training (Momsen, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to look at the history of females as well as their current

status in athletic training and she light on the uphill battle that they have overcame and are still working …

Combating The Challenges Of Working As An Athletic Trainer In An Ego-Oriented Motivational Climate: Theory To Practice, Genna A. Fusco

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Achievement goal theory explains the underlying reasons for why people do what they do (Roberts & Papaioannou, 2014). At the heart of this theory are two goal orientations; task-orientation which describe individuals who view success as making improvements and giving high effort, while ego-oriented individuals view success by outperforming others (Duda & Treasure, 2015). In addition to having individual goal orientations, motivational climate is a construct within achievement goal theory that describes the environment created by authority figures, via their words and actions (Duda et al., 2014). The environment created is described as either being task- or ego-oriented. Previous research …

The Journey Of Transitioning: Being A Trans-Athlete In College Sport, Alexandra Klein

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

The NCAA’s stance on transgender athletes is such that universities should adopt new policies and practices to best provide equal opportunities for all transgender students wishing to compete on a collegiate athletic team. However, there is very little research about transgender athletes in college sport. This case study serves as the voice of one collegiate-athlete who is transitioning from female to male while continuing to be a Division I athlete. The limited research on transgender athletes provides some insight into their experiences before, during and after the athlete came out as transgender (e.g., Lucas-Carr & Krane, 2012; Semerjian & Cohen, …

The Motivation Of Seniors: Why They Participate In The Senior Games, Shuhui Zheng

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

This project mainly talks about the reasons of senior athletes why they participate in the Senior Games. It was well known that physical exercise can promote healthy lifestyles and physical condition of human beings, and large numbers of research had been done to investigate the motives and benefits of youth and adults to do exercise. However, few researchers spent their time studying the motivational orientations of elderly adults to participate in activities, exercise or sports. Hence, the first purpose of this study is to reveal the reasons of seniors why they participate in sports, and the Senior Games is a …

Effect Of Carbohydrate Loading Vs. Fasting On Blood Glucose Levels In A 400 Meter Sprint Performance, Matthias E. Reiber

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Track and Field athletes need to fuel their bodies prior to workouts in order to have enough energy to consistently perform at a high level. Carbohydrate loading can have a positive impact in increasing endurance running capacity (Maffucci and McMurray 2000; Savvas and Karamanolis 2008; Galloway et al 2014). These studies include blood glucose testing surrounding exercise bouts lasting more than 30 minutes. The purposes of my study were to investigate how blood glucose reacts after a high intensity bout of sprinting in the anaerobic glycolytic metabolic state lasting no more than two minutes. Along with blood glucose, I was …

Student-Athlete Perceptions Of Academic Support Services At Mac Institutions, Marissa Tashenberg

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

The expansion and growth of collegiate athletics in modern society has greatly increased the amount of scrutiny that has been placed on the structure and performance of the student-athlete population not only on the field but in the classroom as well. The purpose of this study was to assist academic support services staff in understanding how the student-athletes view the quality of services being provided, which may improve the quality of work produced in such an environment. This study will be key to investigating the effectiveness of academic support services provided to student-athletes. The resulting data from this study can …

Athletic Trainer’S Self-Confidence And Experience Level In Managing Exertional Heat Related Illnesses, Lindsey S. Griffes

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Objective: Explore the athletic trainer’s level of self-confidence and experience in managing and treating exertional heat illness. Design: Non-experimental, exploratory and descriptive research design. Participants: 110 respondents, 46% male, 54% female, representing all 10 National Athletic Trainers’ Association districts, highest representation from district four (N=50). Sixty-eight percent (68%) from high school outreach setting, 22% College or University settings, and 10% from clinic/hospital setting. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported earning ≥55K annual salary. Sixty-seven percent hold Masters degrees while 43% have practiced ≥11 years. Intervention: The Athletic Trainer’s Self-Confidence Scale (ATSCS), (scale range, 1=strongly agree to 7=strongly disagree) was distributed to …

How Does A Personal Trainer’S Appearance Impact How Potential Clients Perceive Them?, Kali Morgenstern

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Personal trainer’ duties are to assist clients with proper form, motivate, provide a sense of accountability, create individualized work out plans, and help clients achieve an overall healthy lifestyle. Oftentimes, personal trainers are judged base on physical appearance rather than certifications, education, and level of experience. The purpose of this study was to better understand how potential clients view personal trainers based on appearance. In an effort to assist and enhance the careers of personal trainers in the future, this study provides guidance regarding perceptions and opinions of potential clients. An Exploratory Design was used to lay the groundwork for …

Being One Of The Gang: A Social Acceptance Approach To Establishing Productive Team Norms, Scott Graupensperger

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Social acceptance into a sport group is a critical motivating factor for sport participation. Indeed, this drive for in-group acceptance is also a key reason why individuals adhere to normative group behavior, which is sometimes dysfunctional, but often productive. The current theory-to-practice article offers a series of suggestions for coaches and practitioners, based on a framework that synthesizes components of the social identity approach (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) with the Waldron and Krane (2005) model. These suggestions are designed to create a sport environment that facilitates social acceptance, and subsequently promote the establishment of, and adherence to, productive team norms.

Korean And American Teachers’ Praising Styles And Teaching Practices, Hyeyoung Bang, Jungsub Kim

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Praising is a crucial part of teaching performance that greatly impacts student performance and self-esteem. South Korean teachers are traditionally known to possess authoritarian attributes, whereas U.S. teachers have contradictory beliefs in terms of why and how to use praise. We used Q methodology among 16 American and 22 Korean teachers to understand their subjective views on their teaching and praising practices, intentions and orientations of praising in teaching. Five praising types were obtained. Most American teachers, dubbed as Proud Hedonistic Praisers, showed strong confidence in their teaching and a higher preference of praising. In contrast, most Korean teachers had …

Mcnair Scholars' Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics (Stem) Graduate Experience: A Pilot Study, Senetta F. Bancroft, Susan Kushner Benson, Eugenia Johnson-Whitt

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Nationally, racial and gender disparities persist in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines. These disparities are most notable at the doctoral level and are also found in the doctoral outcomes of Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement Program participants (Scholars) despite opportunities designed to promote their doctoral success. Scholars from three McNair Programs were surveyed. The survey included items related to Scholars’ perceptions of their McNair Program experiences, graduate advisor relationship, and experiences with stereotype threat. Scholars overwhelmingly reported their McNair Program experiences as beneficial to their STEM graduate studies and their graduate research advisors as supportive. However, Black female …

Social Capital In Online Courses, Thomas Mays

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

As colleges and universities increase their online course offerings, student social experiences in online learning environments require further examination, specifically for nonresidential students who may already be less integrated into college social networks. A social capital framework was used to guide this qualitative study of 17 nonresidential students and two faculty from two regional campuses of a public Midwestern university. Student participants reported different experiences in online courses compared to face-to-face (FTF) courses, expressly reporting the development of fewer friendships in their online courses, a lack of a sense of community, and an increase in the mechanical nature of their …

Temporal Trends Of Corporate Sponsorship In Medical Research, Elijah Bodey

Honors Projects

Data will be collected from medical journals to assessed changes in the nature and prevalence of corporate sponsorship. The journals that will be reviewed are the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), the British Medical Journal (BMJ), and the Lancet. These journals were chosen because of their high impact on medical research representing both American and British Medical editorials. It has been shown that corporate sponsorship has been associated with bias results (Kjaergard et al 2002). Changes in the nature of corporate sponsorship would be linked to changes in economic climate and …

Fundamental Frequency Characteristics Of Modal And Vocal Fry Registers, Heidi Brubaker, Jason Albertson Whitfield Ph.D., Jane Schoonmaker Rodgers D.M.A.

Honors Projects

This study examined the distribution of fundamental frequencies in the connected speech of 14 healthy young adults. Acoustic analysis of fundamental frequency was performed on previously collected speech samples of a phonetically balanced reading passage. For the first three sentences of the reading passage, fundamental frequency contours were extracted using PRAAT, a speech analysis software package. The accuracy of these contours were visually verified and manually corrected when needed. The distribution of the fundamental frequency histories for each sample were then analyzed using Gaussian Mixture Model analyses in MATLAB. For most speakers, four statistical modes were identified in the data …

Fifty/Fifty, Brianna Barron

School of Art Graduate Exhibitions, Portfolios, and Theses

No abstract provided.

Student-Athlete Undergraduate Degree And Career Alignment, Courtney C. Cox

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Little research has been done on student-athletes after graduation. The question driving this study was do athletes use their degree after graduation in lieu of academic clustering, fraud, emphasis on winning and athletic identity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not student-athletes undergraduate degree and career alignment was greater, less, or similar to the average collegiate body. Data was collected from 65 former male student-athletes from a Midwest Division I Mid-Major University over the 2009 through 2015 athletic seasons. Two sports were evaluated, Football (n= 54) and Men’s Basketball (n= 14). Degree fields were determined by …

Senior Women Golfers: A Pilot Study Of Their Fitness Characteristics And Mood Disturbance After Exercise, Matt Smith

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Senior golfers (>50 yrs of age) constitute more than 25% of the approximately 20 million Americans who are “committed” golfers (NGF, 2016). Golf is an excellent way to stay physically active and to participate in a “lifetime” sport. PURPOSE: The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate how senior golfers performed both functional and golf-specific fitness tests, and a 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) (aerobic fitness test). Possible changes in mood also were monitored before and after the 6-MWT to determine if walking influenced their total mood disturbance score (TMD). METHOD: Twelve female senior golfers (mean age of 62.9 …

Servant Leadership Behaviors Of Athletic Trainers In Clinical Roles, Rachel Slotman

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Servant leadership behaviors have shown to increase patient care in various health care professions (Garber, 2009). Currently there is no known research on servant leadership and related behaviors in athletic training. The purpose of this study was to explore the presence and prevalence of servant leadership practices by athletic trainers. A Cross-sectional study using web-based survey asked participants to rank their servant leadership practices and the servant leadership practices of athletic training colleagues. Data was collected through an online survey which was distributed through the National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA). 65 athletic trainers responded (6.5% response rate). The majority of …

Cost Benefits: Injury Prevention Shoulder Program And Insurance Premiums, Amanda Notley

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

The shoulder complex of the baseball athlete is exposed to countless stressors that can potentially cause injury. There are numerous predisposing risk factors that could possibly increase the rate at which injury occurs. Athletes at the collegiate level, due to age, are at the highest risk for significant shoulder injury. Those injuries can be extremely costly and athletes at the collegiate level tend to be at the highest risk for financial loss. As of 2005, the NCAA mandated that each student-athlete that participates in any NCAA practice or game must have health insurance that could potentially cover up to $90,000 …

Psychological Aspects Of Gymnastics As Perceived By Athletic Trainers, Allison Mcdavitt

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

Context: Gymnastics is known for high-risk skills, intense competition settings, and a constant pressures to stay fit (White & Bennie, 2015). It is important for the Athletic Trainers’ (ATs) to take this into consideration when determining the best treatment plans for gymnasts who present with psychological symptoms (i.e., eating disorders, mental health disorders). Objective: To explore ATs’ experiences working with collegiate gymnasts and their perceptions on their role in treating athletes with psychological symptoms. Design: Mixed methods, non-experimental exploratory design. Participants: ATs who are active members of the National Athletic Trainers’ Association. 64% of respondents were female, 30% male. 43% …

Validation Of Novel Software Program To Assess Coincidence Anticipation Timing, Mallory J. Fritz

Master of Education in Applied Human Development Graduate Projects

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel coincidence anticipation timing (CAT) software tool by leveraging the testing protocol employed by Brady (1996). Eighteen test participants (8 men, 10 women) were recruited from a Division I Mid-Western State University. Participants comprised two groups, open skills athletes (n=9) and non-athletes (n=9). The CAT task delivered by the software tool involved a small green dot that traveled across a computer monitor at one of four different speeds (0.46 mph, 0.69 mph, 0.92 mph, and 1.15 mph). On the right side of the screen was a small, white target dot. Participants …

Preserving Personhood In Individuals With Cognitive Impairment: A Caregiver's Role, Maren Legg

Honors Projects

This project consists of an educational program for informal caregivers in the Bowling Green community on preserving personhood in individuals with cognitive impairments through caregiving experiences. The program was based on a copious amount of research regarding personhood, how personhood relates to individuals experiencing cognitive impairment, and how care provided by caregivers can be provided in a way that promotes and preserves an individual’s personality, personhood, and selfhood.

The program was developed over the span of four months and incorporates models of personhood, behaviors that threaten and preserve or promote personhood, as well as practical suggestions for strategies in how …

The Bg News December 15, 2015, Bowling Green State University

BG News (Student Newspaper)

The BGSU campus student newspaper. December 15, 2015. Volume 95-Issue 33.

Signs Of Friendship, Kaylee J. Kapalko, Ashley N. Brickner

Honors Projects

This children's book is about mainstreaming a deaf student into a public school composed of predominantly hearing children, and the eventual friendship between that student and a hearing student. The majority of deaf students are educated in hearing schools and experience high rates of social isolation as a result of the inability to communicate with their peers. In order to create this book, there was collaboration between a communication disorders major and a creative writing major in order to create a realistic portrayal yet creative learning tool for children at a young age. We chose to aim our book at …

Signs Of Friendship, Ashley N. Brickner, Kaylee J. Kapalko

Honors Projects

This children's book is about mainstreaming a deaf student into a public school composed of predominantly hearing children, and the eventual friendship between that student and a hearing student. The majority of deaf students are educated in hearing schools and experience high rates of social isolation as a result of the inability to communicate with their peers. In order to create this book, there was collaboration between a communication disorders major and a creative writing major in order to create a realistic portrayal yet creative learning tool for children at a young age. We chose to aim our book at …

The Achievement Gap: A Dual Nation Perspective, Myka Chavez

Honors Projects

This essay seeks to explore the achievement gap, which is a disparity in educational achievement between certain economic and racial groups, by taking a unique approach and bringing a fresh perspective. Specifically, this research focuses on how this gap is manifested in two countries: the U.S. and England. This dual nation perspective opens the door for more information and a better understanding of the gap as a whole. Analysis will be done regarding the various issues surrounding the gap in each country such as its causes, effects, and past/present solutions. Based on how these issues occur in each country and …

A Comparison Of Water Conservation Methods Within The Supply Chain, Spencer Bryant

Honors Projects

In a world where resources are becoming more and scarcer, water is one resource that companies need in order to stay functional. This purpose of this paper is to look at a variety of business sectors and see how they use water conservational methods within their supply chain in order to save on water. From the sectors observed, there were three main areas of focus in terms of water sustainability: reduce, reuse, and replenish. While the companies looked at were in two of the three areas stated, no company had water sustainability initiatives in place in all three areas. This …

Effectiveness Of Food-Demos To Increase Nutrition Knowledge, Megan Hemmelgarn

Honors Projects

This research investigated the effectiveness of a one-time food-demo at increasing the knowledge and improving the behavior of vegetable and diary consumption in the diets of college-aged females. Participation included a convenience sample of 26 college-aged females living in residence halls at a Bowling Green State University in Northwest Ohio. Testing was delivered before intervention as a baseline of knowledge and diet behavior. Post-testing was delivered immediately after intervention and evaluated any gain in knowledge from the baseline. One-month after intervention, post 2-testing was distributed evaluating retention of knowledge and behavioral change. Overall, participants experienced knowledge gain immediately after intervention …