Digital Commons Network^™

Private Equity For All: The Paradoxical Push To Democratize Privatemarkets, William W. Clayton, Elisabeth De Fontenay

Duke Law Journal

The recent push to open private equity and other private assets to retail investors represents one of the most profound changes to U.S. capital markets in decades. This "retailization" effort is often framed as an overdue democratization of superior investment opportunities. Indeed, private equity has long been viewed as special, both for its market-beating returns and its success in making companies more profitable. Yet it has historically been off-limits to retail investors.

This Article argues that the push to democratize private equity is subject to a glaring paradox: Expanding access to private equity undermines the very benefits that access aims …

Patronage Pardons, Lee Kovarsky

Duke Law Journal

Abuse of presidential pardon power is taking a new and frightening turn. The Donald Trump administration is using clemency, including pardons, to signal impunity to regime allies contemplating misconduct. Such clemency has a predictable effect: it induces loyalist crime by reducing the expected penalty. "Patronage pardoning" refers to the clemency practices that power this loyalty-for-protection exchange. Those practices pose a grave threat to the rules-based constitutional order, and they are the subject of this Article.

Some historical observations predicate the diagnostic and prescriptive arguments that come later. Most importantly, the Framers concentrated federal pardon power in the president because they …

Journal Staff

Duke Law Journal

No abstract provided.

A List Of The Vascular Plants Of Iowa, James P. Smith Jr

Botanical Studies

No abstract provided.

Why Do Indonesians Travel Abroad For Medical Treatment? A Qualitative Phenomenological Study, Lucky Sarjono Buranda, Aries Wahyuningsih, Steven Busby

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

More than one million Indonesian citizens travel abroad for medical treatment each year, generating financial transactions exceeding IDR 180 trillion (USD 11.5 billion). This study aimed to explore the reasons why Indonesians seek medical treatment overseas. A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed using in-depth interviews with Indonesian citizens who had received or were currently receiving medical treatment outside Indonesia. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through coding to identify themes, subthemes, and related properties. Interviews were conducted with 18 participants from three major Indonesian cities (Makassar, Surabaya, and Batam), as well as individuals receiving treatment in Singapore and Malaysia. …

Reducing Drag Of Vehicles With Half-Stepped Cylinder Surfaces Part I: Numerical Optimization, Ryan Moffit, Hamid Rahai, Komal Gada

Mineta Transportation Institute

Aerodynamic drag is a major source of energy loss for vehicles, increasing fuel consumption, reducing the driving range of electric vehicles, and contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. For a vehicle, the major components of its drag are pressure and viscous drag. Engineers have developed a variety of strategies to reduce drag, including streamlined vehicle designs, surface modifications, and devices that alter airflow around the vehicle. This research focuses on reducing the viscous drag. Specifically, this study investigates whether microscopic surface features called half-stepped cylinder arrays can reduce skin friction by altering the turbulent boundary layer and promoting smoother airflow near …

Performance Evaluation Of Fiber Reinforced Hot Mix Asphalt Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles, Hani Alzraiee, Ashraf Rahim, Shadi M. Saadeh, Aaditya Ojha, Adam Mansara

Mineta Transportation Institute

Reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAS) offer a promising avenue for increasing recycled content in hot mix asphalt, but the aged, stiff binder they contribute tends to reduce cracking resistance, particularly at intermediate temperatures. This study investigated whether polymer fiber reinforcement can offset that brittleness while preserving rutting and moisture performance in mixtures containing both reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and RAS. Fourteen asphalt mixtures were designed using a base blend of 25% RAP combined with RAS at either 3% or 5% by total mix weight. Two commercially available polymer fiber types, designated Fiber A and Fiber B, were added at dosages of …

Structural Injustice As Emergent Disorder, Hochan Kim

All Faculty Scholarship

Structural injustice remains a puzzling concept despite its increasing prominence. I distill recent theoretical challenges into a dilemma: either structural injustice lacks the normative credentials of injustice given that wrongdoing is inessential, or it is redundant given existing theories that trace injustice to culpable state and other institutional failures. I then develop a novel account of structural injustice, the Complexity View, that unravels this dilemma. The emergent properties of human actions in a complex society explain what is “structural” about structural injustice, specifically how it can arise without (culpable) wrongdoing. Structural injustice is unjust because it is wrong to contribute …

Awake And Engaged: Night-Shift Med-Surg Education That Drives Attendance And Satisfaction, Jessica Leddy, Julie Bialas

Nursing

The availability of educational opportunities for medical-surgical nurses that occur during nightshift work hours is limited compared to offerings for their dayshift counterparts. While the acuity and care requirements of the patients are consistent between shifts, nightshift nurses often lack the same resources and access to skill acquisition. Nightshift nurses must attend education provided during dayshift hours if they wish to learn the same content. This results in nightshift staying after shift, coming in on a day off, or skipping the education altogether, which decreases nurse satisfaction and participation in educational sessions, and increases over shift or overtime hours. The …

Utah Agricultural Producer Barriers To Adopting Organic Production Methods, Salma Shrity, Kynda R. Curtis, Michele Schahczenski

All Current Publications

This fact sheet discusses the study results from Utah State University researchers that identified the primary barriers Utah producers perceive in adopting organic production methods. The study findings will help guide the development of educational programs, technical assistance, and outreach efforts by the Utah Transition to Organic Production Program (TOPP), Extension, and partner organizations to address producer needs and support the successful adoption of organic production systems in Utah.

The Impact Of Producer Attitudes And Concerns On Organic Adoption Decisions, Salma Shrity, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

Researchers analyzed survey data to identify producer and operation characteristics, attitudes, and concerns that may influence decisions to adopt organic production methods. This fact sheet presents findings related to producer perceptions of organic production, market opportunities, and certification requirements, including factors that may encourage or discourage adoption of organic practices. The results provide insights to guide Extension educators, agricultural service providers, and organizations in developing targeted educational programs, technical assistance, and resources to support producers interested in organic agriculture.

The Role Of Producer And Operation Characteristics In Organic Production Adoption Decisions, Salma Shrity, Kynda R. Curtis

All Current Publications

Survey data were used to examine producer and farm or operation characteristics, as well as producer attitudes and concerns related to producing and selling organic products that may affect decisions to use organic production methods. This fact sheet discusses the study results related to the producer and operation characteristics that may or may not impact the adoption of organic production methods. The study findings provide valuable information for designing targeted Extension programming, educational resources, and technical assistance that address the needs of different producer groups. By understanding which producer and operation characteristics are associated with organic adoption, organizations can better …

The Organic Production Interests Of Utah's Agricultural Producers, Kynda R. Curtis, Salma Shrity, Michele Schahczenski

All Current Publications

This fact sheet provides an overview of survey respondents’ demographic characteristics and farming operation details, including acreage under production, annual gross sales, primary agricultural products, and marketing channels used. It also describes respondents’ organic production experiences, including years certified, certified acreage, and the primary motivations behind adopting organic production methods. The findings presented provide valuable insights into the characteristics, experiences, and needs of Utah producers related to organic agriculture. Extension educators, agricultural service providers, policymakers, and industry organizations can use this information to develop targeted educational programs, technical resources, and support services that address producer challenges, strengthen organic production capacity, …

The Organic Educational And Resource Needs Of Utah's Agricultural Producers, Kynda R. Curtis, Salma Shrity, Michele Schahczenski

All Current Publications

The findings presented in this fact sheet identify producer priorities for educational content, resources, and support services. This information can guide the development of targeted educational and outreach programs, technical resources, and tools that address producer challenges and support informed decision-making about organic production opportunities in Utah.

2026 Final Bpsou Backfill And Cover Material Quality Assurance Project Plan (Qapp), Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Usa V. Brandon Orr

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Usa V. Brandon Orr

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Gabyargelia Montiel Perez V. Attorney General United States Of America

2026 Decisions

Agency

Usa V. Paris Carter

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Experiences Of Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: A Literature Review, Sheng-Tsung Lan

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Patients’ perceptions of psychiatric wards often differ from staff views. Closed wards may feel oppressive, and restrictive practices can increase anxiety. In contrast, open-door policies, meaningful activities, and social connections improve perceived safety. Safewards strategies, such as Calm Down Methods and Reassurance, help create a calmer environment but require sufficient staffing, training, and alignment with ward culture. High staff turnover and inconsistent training threaten sustainability.

Interactions between staff and patients strongly influence the inpatient experience. Patients value respect, empathy, and genuine engagement. Impersonal or standardized responses can increase feelings of neglect. Safewards encourages humanized communication through Soft Words, Talk Down/Through, …

Wash Project: Promoting Menstrual Hygiene Through Alignment With The Sustainable Development Goals, Sandra Ojurongbe, Nakisha Kinlaw-Williams

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Menstrual hygiene management is a global public health concern. Moreover, cultural norms, stigma, and myths or taboos further hinder the achievement of menstrual health, contributing to absenteeism and gender-based inequalities (Babbar et al., 2022). A recent report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (2024) found that 2 out of 5 schools provide menstrual health education, and less than 1 in 3 schools have bins for menstrual waste in girls’ toilets. In sub-Saharan Africa, 12% of schools have menstrual materials available. To address these issues, a WASH educational document was created by a non-governmental …

The Effects Of Team-Based Learning On Students’ Perceptions Of Interprofessional Collaboration, Donna Copeland-Streeter

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Introduction: Effective interprofessional teamwork is essential for collaborative, patient-centered care, yet health science students often lack structured opportunities for shared learning. Incorporating intentional and continuous interprofessional education (IPE) throughout the curriculum is critical for building the communication and collaboration skills needed for team-based clinical practice.

Background: Although the value of IPE is well established, health science students are rarely trained together before entering practice. Barriers such as rigid curricula, limited resources, inconsistent leadership support, and institutional resistance hinder implementation. These gaps contribute to communication failures, workflow inefficiencies, and compromised patient safety. Embedding IPE into cross-disciplinary curricula can provide authentic teamwork …

Effect Of A Pressure Injury Prevention Bundle On Compliance And Staff Attitudes In A Medical Icu, Elizabeth L. Woods

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) are considered preventable yet remain prevalent in intensive care units (ICUs), where critically ill patients face increased risk due to immobility, hemodynamic instability, and complex care needs. This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to evaluate whether implementing a pressure injury prevention bundle (TEAMS) would improve compliance with preventive measures and staff attitudes toward HAPI prevention in a medical ICU.

Methods: A pre-post intervention design was conducted in a 17-bed medical ICU at a tertiary academic hospital. The TEAMS bundle included five components: Turn teams, Education, daily Assessments, a multidisciplinary approach, and daily Skin care. The …

Psychometric Testing Of The Filipino Ppsc To Assess Patient Perceptions Of Hospital Safety Culture, Kathlyn Sharmaine Valdez, Andrew Sumpay

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

A reliable and valid tool that measures patient safety perception is essential in developing patient-centered safety initiatives, improving quality of care, and supporting sound organizational decision-making. The Patient Perception on Safety Culture in a Hospital Setting Scale (PPSC) is a newly developed instrument that assesses how hospitalized patients perceive safety culture (Valdez et al., 2023). This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of the Tagalog translation of the PPSC.

This quantitative methodological research was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 involved the Tagalog translation of the tool by a professional linguist, followed by expert review to establish content validity. …

An Analysis Of Electronic Nursing Documentation In The Emergency And Trauma Department, Nurul'ain Ahayalimudin

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Introduction: Electronic nursing documentation (END) is fundamental to emergency care, ensuring effective communication, patient safety, and legal accountability. However, issues such as incomplete entries, variability in documentation quality, and limited use of standardised nursing language, particularly NANDA-I, continue to challenge the delivery of accurate and holistic care.

Objective: This study analysed the use of electronic nursing documentation in the Emergency and Trauma Department (ETD) of one tertiary hospital, examined patterns of recorded information, and compared it with the NANDA-I framework.

Methodology: A qualitative document analysis was conducted using purposive sampling of END records from April 2022 to February 2025. The …

Transforming Nursing Education Through Pex, Andrea Harrow

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Patient experience is a cornerstone of healthcare quality, influencing outcomes, reputation, and reimbursement. Despite its importance, many organizations struggle to integrate patient experience strategies into nursing education and leadership development. This project addressed that gap by leveraging Guest Relations (GR) and Patient Experience (PEX) initiatives to strengthen nursing competencies and leadership skills within a large health system.

Background: Research links patient experience to safety, quality, and financial performance. Communication, empathy, and service recovery are essential skills for nurses and leaders. The National League for Nursing (NLN) emphasizes leadership and quality improvement as core competencies, yet few studies explore integrating GR …

Advancing Competency-Based Clinical Education Through An Innovative Preceptorship Framework, Beatriz C. Makhoulian

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Competency-based education (CBE) is reshaping how nursing programs assess clinical learning and prepare graduates for practice. As expectations shift toward observable performance, clinical preceptors require structured, practical tools that support consistent evaluation and promote learner growth. This project introduces an innovative preceptorship framework designed to strengthen competency-based clinical education by integrating standardized evaluation processes, clear communication pathways, and accessible preceptor support resources. The model aligns with contemporary competency expectations endorsed by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing and the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties.

Implementation of the preceptorship framework and competency evaluation tool will begin in the Spring …

Relational Safety In Practice: Examining How Nurses And Patients Co-Create Safe Clinical Encounters, Jitana P. Benton-Lee

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Psychological safety is central to patient-centered care and effective nurse-patient relationships. When relational safety is present, patients report better experiences, outcomes, and trust, and nurses benefit from strengthened confidence and teamwork. However, the relational processes through which psychological safety is co-created in acute care remain insufficiently described.

This study examined the emotional, cognitive, and social processes that shape psychological safety within nurse-patient relationships and explored how relational safety emerges and influences care experiences. The study sought to generate theoretical insights explaining how relational safety emerges, is negotiated, and influences care experiences in acute care environments.

Using a constructivist grounded theory …

Integrated Patient Care Practice In Intensive Care Unit Related To Abcdef Bundle: A Correlation Study, Sahar Saleem Aljadani, Hanan M. Alyami

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Intensive Care Units (ICUs) provide critical care for severely ill patients requiring sedation and mechanical ventilation, which can lead to adverse outcomes (Temesgen et al., 2021; Park & Lee, 2019). The ICU Liberation bundle, from the Society of Critical Care Medicine's guidelines, prioritizes Pain, Agitation/Sedation, Delirium, Immobility, and Sleep disruption (PADIS), collectively known as the ABCDEF bundle. This strategy seeks to enhance outcomes through pain management, Spontaneous Awakening Trials (SAT), Spontaneous Breathing Trials (SBT), delirium management, early mobility, and family involvement (Mart et al., 2021).

Aims: This study examined nurses' profiles, knowledge, and practices related to the ABCDEF bundle …

Inventorying Library Stacks With Google Sheets And Alma Api, Kevin Cretsos, Natalie Gut

Roesch Library Staff Presentations

Inventorying is crucial for managing and stewarding library collections to ensure items can be found by patrons and library staff. Although Alma has some capabilities with its Shelf Reporting Inventory tool, there are some limitations

• Must upload a file
• No real-time information as you scan
• No timestamps as you scan
• Limited to choosing only a single location (this option may not work as well if you interfile locations together)
• Range inventory option requires a call number type and call number range

For this project, we adapted a previous inventorying tool with Sierra and Google Sheets for Alma.