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Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman Nov 2009

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

Director's Message [Page] 1- Education...Discovery...Service: Dedicated people required [Page] 1- Dr. Firkins Motivates Faculty, Staff, Students [Page] 2- AVMA Survey Indicates Most Starting Salaries are up for New Veterinarians Pieces and Parts [Page] 3- Ability of PCR to detect PRRSV 3-4-2 RFLP cut pattern strain [Page] 3- Chase named Veterinarian of the Year by SDVMA [Page] 3- Subscribe to CVM Updates [Page] 4- The Bacteriology Section at SDSU ADRDL [Page] 6- Disposal of Veterinary Sharps in South Dakota [Page] 6- Incoming Freshmen with Pre-Vet Majors at SDSU [Page] 7- 2009—2010 Veterinary Science Scholarship Awards [Page] 7- SDSU Students Accepted to …

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Methods And Compositions For Vaccnation Of Animals With Prrsv Antigens With Improved Immunogenicity, Israrul H. Ansari, Fernando A. Osorio, Asit K. Pattnaik, Oct 2009

Methods And Compositions For Vaccnation Of Animals With Prrsv Antigens With Improved Immunogenicity, Israrul H. Ansari, Fernando A. Osorio, Asit K. Pattnaik,

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Pigs challenged with hypoglycosylated variants of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) major surface protein GP5 exhibited increased production of PRRSV-neutralizing antibodies relative to the levels of neutralizing antibodies produced by pigs immunized with wild type (wt) or glycosylated GP5. This invention provides for methods of obtaining improved immune responses in pigs to PRRSV, compositions useful for obtaining the improved immune responses as well as isolated polynucleotides that encode hypoglycosylated variants of PRRSV major surface protein GP5.

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An Eiav Field Isolate Reveals Much Higher Levels Of Subtype Variability Than Currently Reported For The Equine Lentivirus Family, Jodi K. Craigo, Shannon Barnes, Baoshan Zhang, Sheila J. Cook, Laryssa Howe, Charles J. Issel, Ronald C. Montelaro Oct 2009

An Eiav Field Isolate Reveals Much Higher Levels Of Subtype Variability Than Currently Reported For The Equine Lentivirus Family, Jodi K. Craigo, Shannon Barnes, Baoshan Zhang, Sheila J. Cook, Laryssa Howe, Charles J. Issel, Ronald C. Montelaro

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), a lentivirus that infects horses, has been utilized as an animal model for the study of HIV. Furthermore, the disease associated with the equine lentivirus poses a significant challenge to veterinary medicine around the world. As with all lentiviruses, EIAV has been shown to have a high propensity for genomic sequence and antigenic variation, especially in its envelope (Env) proteins. Recent studies have demonstrated Env variation to be a major determinant of vaccine efficacy, emphasizing the importance of defining natural variation among field isolates of EIAV. To date, however, published EIAV sequences have been …

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Atp Release By Infected Bovine Monocytes Increases The Intracellular Survival Of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis, Seng-Ryong Woo, Raul G. Barletta, Charles Czuprynski Sep 2009

Atp Release By Infected Bovine Monocytes Increases The Intracellular Survival Of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis, Seng-Ryong Woo, Raul G. Barletta, Charles Czuprynski

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of Johne’s disease, a chronic intestinal infection in ruminants. Adenosine 5′-Triphosphate (ATP) has been reported to induce killing of several Mycobacterium species in human and murine macrophages. We investigated whether ATP secreted from M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected bovine monocytes affects intracellular survival of the bacilli. Bovine monocytes constitutively secreted ATP during an 8-day incubation period in vitro; however, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection did not enhance ATP release. Removal of extracellular ATP by the addition of apyrase increased the viability of infected monocytes, but surprisingly decreased the number of viable intracellular …

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Penaeid Shrimp Immune System, Gabriel Aguirre-Guzman, Jesus Genaro Sanchez-Martinez, Angel Isidro Campa-Cordova, Antonio Luna-Gonzalez, Felipe Ascencio Sep 2009

Penaeid Shrimp Immune System, Gabriel Aguirre-Guzman, Jesus Genaro Sanchez-Martinez, Angel Isidro Campa-Cordova, Antonio Luna-Gonzalez, Felipe Ascencio

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Research on an innate immune system of penaeid shrimp is greatly motivated by economical requirements, because their culture is limited by the development of infectious diseases. As invertebrates, shrimp’s natural immunity acts as a fast and efficient defence mechanism against the pathogens. Their immune system involve hemocytes (for encapsulation, nodule formation and phagocytosis), several plasma components (antimicrobial peptides, histones, lysosomal enzymes, lipopolysaccharide, β-1,3-glucan binding proteins, and recognition molecules), and multimeric systems (clotting protein cascade, prophenoloxidase system). When these defense mechanisms fail to protect the shrimp against bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and their products, disease develops and a negative impact takes …

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Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman Jul 2009

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

[Page] 1- Early Spring Cow Losses in Southwest South Dakota Director's Message [Page] 2-The Cost of a Veterinary Medical Education [Page] 4- Molecular Diagnostics: The “PCR” Lab at ADRDL Pieces and Parts [Page] 6- Rabies Submission Reminder [Page] 6- ADRDL Hosts Heartland Veterinary Microbiology Annual Meeting [Page] 6- Veterinary Science Graduate Student wins CRWAD Award [Page] 6- Dr. Eric Nelson Receives Gamma Sigma Delta Research Award [Page] 6- New Tenure Track Faculty Positions Filled in Veterinary Science Department [Page] 6- Rusk Named SDSU Animal and Range Sciences Department Head [Page] 7- ADRDL Influenza Diagnostics in the Era of “Novel” H1N1 …

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Single-Amino-Acid Alterations In A Highly Conserved Central Region Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus N Protein Differentially Affect The Viral Nucleocapsid Template Functions, Debasis Nayak, Debasis Panda, Subash C. Das, Ming Lou, Asit K. Pattnaik Jun 2009

Single-Amino-Acid Alterations In A Highly Conserved Central Region Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus N Protein Differentially Affect The Viral Nucleocapsid Template Functions, Debasis Nayak, Debasis Panda, Subash C. Das, Ming Lou, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The nucleocapsid protein (N) of vesicular stomatitis virus and other rhabdoviruses plays a central role in the assembly and template functions of the viral N-RNA complex. The crystal structure of the viral N-RNA complex suggests that the central region of the N protein interacts with the viral RNA. Sequence alignment of rhabdovirus N proteins revealed several highly conserved regions, one of which spanned residues 282 to 291 (GLSSKSPYSS) in the central region of the molecule. Alanine-scanning mutagenesis of this region suggested that replacement of the tyrosine residue at position 289 (Y289) with alanine resulted in an N-RNA template that is …

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Chronic Wasting Disease Prions In Elk Antler Velvet, Rachel C. Angers, Tanya S. Seward, Dana Napier, Michael Green, Edward Hoover, Terry Spraker, Katherine O'Rourke, Aru Balachandran, Glenn C. Telling May 2009

Chronic Wasting Disease Prions In Elk Antler Velvet, Rachel C. Angers, Tanya S. Seward, Dana Napier, Michael Green, Edward Hoover, Terry Spraker, Katherine O'Rourke, Aru Balachandran, Glenn C. Telling

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a contagious, fatal prion disease of deer and elk that continues to emerge in new locations. To explore the means by which prions are transmitted with high efficiency among cervids, we examined prion infectivity in the apical skin layer covering the growing antler (antler velvet) by using CWD-susceptible transgenic mice and protein misfolding cyclic amplification. Our finding of prions in antler velvet of CWD-affected elk suggests that this tissue may play a role in disease transmission among cervids. Humans who consume antler velvet as a nutritional supplement are at risk for exposure to prions. The …

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Nucleic Acids Encoding Sarcocystis Neurona Antigen And Uses Thereof, Daniel K. Howe Apr 2009

Nucleic Acids Encoding Sarcocystis Neurona Antigen And Uses Thereof, Daniel K. Howe

Veterinary Science Faculty Patents

The present invention provides novel isolated nucleic acids encoding antigenic proteins derived fromSarcocystis neurona, or unique fragments thereof. In particular, the invention provides novel isolated nucleic acids encoding membrane-associated polypeptides SnSAG2, SnSAG3, and SnSAG 4. Also provided are purified antigenic polypeptide fragments encoded by the novel nucleic acid sequences set forth herein that encode for SnSAG2, SnSAG3, and SnSAG 4. Also provided are isolated nucleic acids capable of selectively hybridizing with the nucleic acid from Sarcocystis neurona. The invention also provides vectors comprising the nucleic acids of the invention encoding an antigenic protein derived from Sarcocystis neurona or a …

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Animal Health Matters, Russ Daly Apr 2009

Animal Health Matters, Russ Daly

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

Head/Director's Message [Page] 1- ADRDL: The R is for Research [Page] 1- Veterinary Science Department’s Young to Collaborate With Nobel Prize Winner [Page] 2- Inside the Serology Section [Page] 3- Digital Coggins Test Submission and Results Service Now Available Through Global Vet Link [Page] 4- James Bailey Conference Held February 14 at SDSU [Page] 4- SDSU Extension Veterinarian Receives Merit Award [Page] 6- Sampling Size, Epidemiology Software Available Free on the Web [Page] 6- Enrollment Jumps for “Introduction to Veterinary Medicine” at SDSU [Page] 6- Sampling Size, Epidemiology Software Available Free On the Web [Page] 7- “Dumb Things Animals Sometimes …

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Contact Networks In A Wildlife-Livestock Host Community: Identifying High-Risk Individuals In The Transmission Of Bovine Tb Among Badgers And Cattle, Monika Böhm, Michael R. Hutchings, Piran C. L. White Apr 2009

Contact Networks In A Wildlife-Livestock Host Community: Identifying High-Risk Individuals In The Transmission Of Bovine Tb Among Badgers And Cattle, Monika Böhm, Michael R. Hutchings, Piran C. L. White

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Background: The management of many pathogens, which are of concern to humans and their livestock, is complicated by the pathogens’ ability to cross-infect multiple host species, including wildlife. This has major implications for the management of such diseases, since the dynamics of infection are dependent on the rates of both intra- and inter-specific transmission. However, the difficulty of studying transmission networks in free-living populations means that the relative opportunities for intra- versus inter-specific disease transmission have not previously been demonstrated empirically within any wildlife-livestock disease system. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using recently-developed proximity data loggers, we quantify both intra-and interspecific contacts in …

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Biarsenical Labeling Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Encoding Tetracysteine-Tagged M Protein Allows Dynamic Imaging Of M Protein And Virus Uncoating In Infected Cells, Subash C. Das, Debasis Panda, Debasis Nayak, Asit K. Pattnaik Mar 2009

Biarsenical Labeling Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Encoding Tetracysteine-Tagged M Protein Allows Dynamic Imaging Of M Protein And Virus Uncoating In Infected Cells, Subash C. Das, Debasis Panda, Debasis Nayak, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

A recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-PeGFP-M-MmRFP) encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein fused in frame with P (PeGFP) in place of P and a fusion matrix protein (monomeric red fluorescent protein fused in frame at the carboxy terminus of M [MmRFP]) at the G-L gene junction, in addition to wild-type (wt) M protein in its normal location, was recovered, but the MmRFP was not incorporated into the virions. Subsequently, we generated recombinant viruses (VSV-PeGFP-∆M-Mtc and VSV-∆M-Mtc) encoding Mprotein with a carboxy-terminal tetracysteine tag (Mtc) in place of the M protein. These recombinant viruses incorporated Mtc at levels similar to M in …

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Feedyard Assessment: Assessor's Guide Jan 2009

Feedyard Assessment: Assessor's Guide

Nebraska Beef Quality Assurance Program

The BQA Feedyard Assessment is an on-site educational tool that allows for assessing and benchmarking key indicators of animal care and well-being as well as feedyard conditions. The Feedyard Assessment focuses on three main areas – Animals, Records and Best Management Practices (BMP), and Facilities and Equipment.

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Stocker And Backgrounding Self Assessment Jan 2009

Stocker And Backgrounding Self Assessment

Nebraska Beef Quality Assurance Program

Cattlemen in stocker operations have long recognized the need to properly care for livestock. Sound animal husbandry practices, based on decades of practical experience and research, are known to impact the well-being of stocker cattle, individual animal health and herd productivity. Stocker cattle operations are located in many diverse environments and geographic locations in the United States. A universal set of production practices can not be recommended for all stocker cattle producers in light of the divergent climate and geographic variations of the stocker and backgrounding segment. Personal experience, training and professional judgment can serve as a valuable resource for …

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Prevalence Of Intestinal Parasite Infection In Symptomatic And Asymptomatic Dogs In Southwestern West Virginia: The Potential Impact On Human Health, Tashina Marie Savilla Jan 2009

Prevalence Of Intestinal Parasite Infection In Symptomatic And Asymptomatic Dogs In Southwestern West Virginia: The Potential Impact On Human Health, Tashina Marie Savilla

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Most dog owners are unaware of asymptomatic infection and of the possibility of contracting zoonotic parasites from their dogs. We hypothesized that parasite infection is: associated with one or more symptoms; independent of gender and age; and independent of anthelmintic usage. Stool samples were collected from 231 dogs in Kanawha County, West Virginia, and were examined by simple fecal flotation. Parasitic prevalence was found to be 23% for Ancylostoma caninum, 8% for Trichuris vulpis, 7% for Toxocara canis, 4% for Isospora species, and 32.5% overall. There was no significant relationship between infection and gender, nor between infection and symptom for …

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Risk Factors For Human Infection With Puumala Virus, Southwestern Germany, Anne Caroline Schwarz, Ulrich Ranft, Isolde Piechotowski, James E. Childs, Stefan O. Brockmann Jan 2009

Risk Factors For Human Infection With Puumala Virus, Southwestern Germany, Anne Caroline Schwarz, Ulrich Ranft, Isolde Piechotowski, James E. Childs, Stefan O. Brockmann

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Puumala virus, which causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), is the most prevalent hantavirus in Germany; bank voles serve as the main reservoir. During 2001–2007, most NE cases reported from Germany occurred in the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg. We investigated the influence of bank vole habitats (beech forest, seed plants), vole food supply (beechnut mast), climate factors (winter and spring temperatures), and human population density on spatial and temporal occurrence of NE cases in Baden- Württemberg. Using Poisson-regression analyses, we found that all these factors influenced disease incidence. Furthermore, an independent trend of increasing incidence predicted that incidence will nearly double each …

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Avian Host-Selection By Culex Pipiens In Experimental Trials, Jennifer E. Simpson, Corrine M. Folsom-O’Keefe, James E. Childs, Leah E. Simons, Theodore G. Andreadis, Maria A. Diuk-Wasser Jan 2009

Avian Host-Selection By Culex Pipiens In Experimental Trials, Jennifer E. Simpson, Corrine M. Folsom-O’Keefe, James E. Childs, Leah E. Simons, Theodore G. Andreadis, Maria A. Diuk-Wasser

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Evidence from field studies suggests that Culex pipiens, the primary mosquito vector of West Nile virus (WNV) in the northeastern and north central United States, feeds preferentially on American robins (Turdus migratorius). To determine the contribution of innate preferences to observed preference patterns in the field, we conducted host preference trials with a known number of adult female C. pipiens in outdoor cages comparing the relative attractiveness of American robins with two common sympatric bird species, European starling, Sternus vulgaris and house sparrow, Passer domesticus. Host seeking C. pipiens were three times more likely to enter robin-baited …

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Antemortem Detection Of PrpCwd In Preclinical, Ranch-Raised Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) By Biopsy Of The Rectal Mucosa, Terry R. Spraker, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Thomas Gidlewski, David A. Schneider, Randy Munger, Aru Balachandran, Katherine I. O'Rourke Jan 2009

Antemortem Detection Of PrpCwd In Preclinical, Ranch-Raised Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) By Biopsy Of The Rectal Mucosa, Terry R. Spraker, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Thomas Gidlewski, David A. Schneider, Randy Munger, Aru Balachandran, Katherine I. O'Rourke

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Antemortem biopsy of the rectal mucosa was evaluated as a method for the preclinical diagnosis of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in a herd of ranch-raised Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) quarantined because of exposure to CWD. Biopsy samples were obtained from 41 elk during the winter of 2005–2006 and from 26 elk from that herd still alive and available for testing during the winter of 2006–2007. Samples were examined for PrPCWD, the protein marker for CWD infection, by immunohistochemistry. PrPCWD was detected in follicles of the rectoanal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in biopsy samples from …

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Susceptibilities Of Nonhuman Primates To Chronic Wasting Disease, Brent Race, Kimberly D. Meade-White, Michael W. Miller, Kent D. Barbian, Richard Rubenstein, Giuseppe Lafauci, Larisa Cervenakova, Cynthia Favara, Donald Gardner, Dan Long, Michael Parnell, James Striebel, Suzette A. Priola, Anne Ward, Elizabeth S. Williams, Richard Race, Bruce Chesebro Jan 2009

Susceptibilities Of Nonhuman Primates To Chronic Wasting Disease, Brent Race, Kimberly D. Meade-White, Michael W. Miller, Kent D. Barbian, Richard Rubenstein, Giuseppe Lafauci, Larisa Cervenakova, Cynthia Favara, Donald Gardner, Dan Long, Michael Parnell, James Striebel, Suzette A. Priola, Anne Ward, Elizabeth S. Williams, Richard Race, Bruce Chesebro

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, or prion disease, that affects deer, elk, and moose. Human susceptibility to CWD remains unproven despite likely exposure to CWD-infected cervids. We used 2 nonhuman primate species, cynomolgus macaques and squirrel monkeys, as human models for CWD susceptibility. CWD was inoculated into these 2 species by intracerebral and oral routes. After intracerebral inoculation of squirrel monkeys, 7 of 8 CWD isolates induced a clinical wasting syndrome within 33–53 months. The monkeys’ brains showed spongiform encephalopathy and proteaseresistant prion protein (PrPres) diagnostic of prion disease. After oral exposure, 2 squirrel monkeys had …

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Discovery Of Swine As A Host For The Reston Ebolavirus, Roger W. Barrette, Samia A. Metwally, Jessica M. Rowland, Lizhe Xu, Sherif R. Zaki, Stuart T. Nichol, Pierre E. Rollin, Jonathan S. Towner, Wun-Ju Shieh, Brigid Batten, Tara K. Sealy, Consuelo Carrillo, Karen E. Moran, Alexa J. Bracht, Gregory A. Mayr, Magdalena Sirios-Cruz, Davinio P. Catbagan, Elizabeth A. Lautner, Thomas G. Ksiazek, William R. White, Michael T. Mcintosh Jan 2009

Discovery Of Swine As A Host For The Reston Ebolavirus, Roger W. Barrette, Samia A. Metwally, Jessica M. Rowland, Lizhe Xu, Sherif R. Zaki, Stuart T. Nichol, Pierre E. Rollin, Jonathan S. Towner, Wun-Ju Shieh, Brigid Batten, Tara K. Sealy, Consuelo Carrillo, Karen E. Moran, Alexa J. Bracht, Gregory A. Mayr, Magdalena Sirios-Cruz, Davinio P. Catbagan, Elizabeth A. Lautner, Thomas G. Ksiazek, William R. White, Michael T. Mcintosh

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Since the discovery of the Marburg and Ebola species of filovirus, seemingly random, sporadic fatal outbreaks of disease in humans and nonhuman primates have given impetus to identification of host tropisms and potential reservoirs. Domestic swine in the Philippines, experiencing unusually severe outbreaks of porcine reproductive and respiratory disease syndrome, have now been discovered to host Reston ebolavirus (REBOV). Although REBOV is the only member of Filoviridae that has not been associated with disease in humans, its emergence in the human food chain is of concern. REBOV isolates were found to be more divergent from each other than from the …

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Light-Induced Fos Expression In Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells In Melanopsin Knockout (Opn4-/-) Mice, Gary E. Pickard, Scott B. Baver, Malcolm D. Ogilvie, Patricia J. Sollars Jan 2009

Light-Induced Fos Expression In Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells In Melanopsin Knockout (Opn4-/-) Mice, Gary E. Pickard, Scott B. Baver, Malcolm D. Ogilvie, Patricia J. Sollars

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Retinal ganglion cells that express the photopigment melanopsin are intrinsically photosensitive (ipRGCs) and exhibit robust synaptically driven ON-responses to light, yet they will continue to depolarize in response to light when all synaptic input from rod and cone photoreceptors is removed. The light-evoked increase in firing of classical ganglion cells is determined by synaptic input from ON-bipolar cells in the proximal sublamina of the inner plexiform layer. OFF-bipolar cells synapse with ganglion cell dendrites in the distal sublamina of the inner plexiform layer. Of the several types of ipRGC that have been described, M1 ipRGCs send dendrites exclusively into the …

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Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Provirus Levels Are Unaffected By The Prion 171r Allele In An Idaho Sheep Flock, Robert D. Harrington, Lynn M. Herrmann-Hoesing, Stephen N. White, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Donald P. Knowles Jan 2009

Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Provirus Levels Are Unaffected By The Prion 171r Allele In An Idaho Sheep Flock, Robert D. Harrington, Lynn M. Herrmann-Hoesing, Stephen N. White, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Donald P. Knowles

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Selective breeding of sheep for arginine (R) at prion gene (PRNP) codon 171 confers resistance to classical scrapie. However, other effects of 171R selection are uncertain. Ovine progressive pneumonia/Maedi-Visna virus (OPPV) may infect up to 66% of a flock thus any affect of 171R selection on OPPV susceptibility or disease progression could have major impact on the sheep industry. Hypotheses that the PRNP 171R allele is 1) associated with the presence of OPPV provirus and 2) associated with higher provirus levels were tested in an Idaho ewe flock. OPPV provirus was found in 226 of 358 …

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Validation Of Use Of Rectoanal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue For Immunohistochemical Diagnosis Of Chronic Wasting Disease In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Delwyn Keane, Daniel Barr, Rebecca Osborn, Julie Langenberg, Katherine I. O'Rourke, David Schneider, Phillip Bochsler Jan 2009

Validation Of Use Of Rectoanal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue For Immunohistochemical Diagnosis Of Chronic Wasting Disease In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Delwyn Keane, Daniel Barr, Rebecca Osborn, Julie Langenberg, Katherine I. O'Rourke, David Schneider, Phillip Bochsler

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

The examination of rectoanal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (RAMALT) biopsy specimens for the diagnosis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies has been described in sheep, elk, and small numbers of mule and white-tailed deer. Previous sample numbers have been too small to validate examination of this type of tissue as a viable antemortem diagnostic test. In this study, we examined RAMALT collected postmortem from 76 white-tailed deer removed from a farm in Wisconsin known to be affected by chronic wasting disease (CWD) and from 210 free-ranging white-tailed deer harvested from an area in Wisconsin where the overall prevalence of CWD among the deer …

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Vaccination With Mycobacterium Bovis Bcg Strains Danish And Pasteur In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Experimentally Challenged With Mycobacterium Bovis, M. V. Palmer, T. C. Thacker, W. R. Waters Jan 2009

Vaccination With Mycobacterium Bovis Bcg Strains Danish And Pasteur In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Experimentally Challenged With Mycobacterium Bovis, M. V. Palmer, T. C. Thacker, W. R. Waters

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Wildlife reservoirs of Mycobacterium bovis represent serious obstacles to the eradication of tuberculosis in domestic livestock and the cause for many faltering bovine tuberculosis eradication programs. One approach in dealing with wildlife reservoirs of disease is to interrupt inter-species and intraspecies transmission through vaccination of deer or cattle. To evaluate the efficacy of BCG vaccination in white-tailed deer, 35 deer were assigned to one of three groups; one s.c. dose of 107 CFU of M. bovis BCG Pasteur (n = 12); 1 s.c. dose of 107 CFU of M. bovis BCG Danish (n = 11); or unvaccinated deer …

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Pulmonary Aspergillosis And Amyloid Accumulation In An Ostrich (Struthio Camelus), Ahmet Akkoç, Rahşan Yilmaz, İ. Taci̇ Cangül, M. Özgür Özyi̇ği̇t Jan 2009

Pulmonary Aspergillosis And Amyloid Accumulation In An Ostrich (Struthio Camelus), Ahmet Akkoç, Rahşan Yilmaz, İ. Taci̇ Cangül, M. Özgür Özyi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Fatal pulmonary aspergillosis and AA type amyloid accumulations in the liver and spleen are described in a female ostrich (Struthio camelus). The animal had had respiratory problems and long-term inappetence over an 8-week period. Necropsy revealed that several soft, grayish to white nodules ranging from 1 to 3 mm in diameter were scattered throughout the lungs and thoracic air sacs. Prominent enlargement of the liver and spleen was observed. No gross lesions were found in the other organs studied. The microscopic examination showed severe, necrotizing, granulomatous pneumonia, and air sacculitis. Aspergillus fumigatus was recovered from the lungs and air sacs …

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Dairy Farming In Kars District, Turkey: Iii. Neonatal Calf Health, Hi̇dayet Meti̇n Erdoğan, Ahmet Ünver, Mehmet Çi̇ti̇l, Vehbi̇ Güneş, Mükremi̇n Özkan Arslan, Mehmet Tuzcu, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Gökce Jan 2009

Dairy Farming In Kars District, Turkey: Iii. Neonatal Calf Health, Hi̇dayet Meti̇n Erdoğan, Ahmet Ünver, Mehmet Çi̇ti̇l, Vehbi̇ Güneş, Mükremi̇n Özkan Arslan, Mehmet Tuzcu, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Gökce

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study was designed to determine the health status of neonatal calves on dairy farms in Kars district. It involved retrospective questioning (2001 calving season) and prospective follow up (2002 calving season). The localities and farms were selected from a list using a 2-stage stratified random sampling method. Farms were weekly visited by authors during the 2002 calving season for clinical problems. A total of 624 calves, born on 45 farms from 7 different localities, were followed up in the 2002 calving season. On the same farms data were collected regarding 582 neonatal calves in the 2001 calving season by …

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Detection Of Bovine Tuberculosis By Tuberculin Test And Polymerase Chain Reaction In Van, Turkey, Hasan Solmaz, Zi̇ya İlhan, Abdulbaki̇ Aksakal, Ti̇mur Gülhan, İsmai̇l Hakki Eki̇n Jan 2009

Detection Of Bovine Tuberculosis By Tuberculin Test And Polymerase Chain Reaction In Van, Turkey, Hasan Solmaz, Zi̇ya İlhan, Abdulbaki̇ Aksakal, Ti̇mur Gülhan, İsmai̇l Hakki Eki̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to identify the presence and prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in the eastern Anatolian border province of Van and its villages and to collect the preliminary data required for programs for the prevention and control of this zoonotic disease. The tuberculin test was performed on 210 cattle. Nasal swab and milk samples were obtained from the animals tested. Three cattle that had a positive tuberculin test also tested positive for the DNA target, a 580-bp fragment of IS6110 specific for members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. This fragment was also recovered from milk taken from …

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Description Of Dogs Naturally Infected With Hepatozoon Canis In The Aegean Region Of Turkey, Serdar Paşa, Funda Kiral, Tüli̇n Karagenç, Abi̇di̇n Atasoy, Kami̇l Seyrek Jan 2009

Description Of Dogs Naturally Infected With Hepatozoon Canis In The Aegean Region Of Turkey, Serdar Paşa, Funda Kiral, Tüli̇n Karagenç, Abi̇di̇n Atasoy, Kami̇l Seyrek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Clinical and laboratory findings recorded in 10 dogs naturally infected with Hepatozoon canis in the Aegean region of Turkey were reported. The diagnosis was made by finding H. canis gamonts within leucocytes in Giemsa-stained blood smears. H. canis parasitaemia level was calculated manually by counting 500 neutrophils in blood smears. Parasitaemia varied from 1% to 23% of the circulating neutrophils. Anorexia, fever, depression, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy are the main clinical signs in infected dogs. All dogs had microcytic normochromic anaemia; however, 7 of the dogs had neutrophilia, 1 had lymphopenia, 2 had monocytosis, 1 had eosinophilia, and 9 had …

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Renal Handling Of Ciprofloxacin In Domestic Ruminant Species, Ijaz Javed, Zahid Iqbal, Zia-Ur Rahman, Muhammad Zargham Khan, Faqir Muhammad, Faqir H. Khan, Javed I. Sultan Jan 2009

Renal Handling Of Ciprofloxacin In Domestic Ruminant Species, Ijaz Javed, Zahid Iqbal, Zia-Ur Rahman, Muhammad Zargham Khan, Faqir Muhammad, Faqir H. Khan, Javed I. Sultan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Investigations regarding renal clearance and urinary excretion of ciprofloxacin were carried out in buffaloes, cows, sheep, and goats. The drug was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. The plasma and urine concentrations of the drug were determined with HPLC. Renal clearance of endogenous creatinine was used as an index of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In buffaloes, it was 0.72 ± 0.15 (mean ± SE), in cows 0.36 ± 0.09, in sheep 1.33 ± 0.35, and in goats 1.87 ± 0.38 mL/min/kg. The renal clearance of ciprofloxacin in buffaloes was 0.47 ± 0.08, in cows 0.29 ± …

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Spatial Ecology Of Raccoons Related To Cattle And Bovine Tuberculosis In Northeastern Michigan, Todd Atwood, Thomas Deliberto, Holly Smith, Justin Stevenson, Kurt C. Vercauteren Jan 2009

Spatial Ecology Of Raccoons Related To Cattle And Bovine Tuberculosis In Northeastern Michigan, Todd Atwood, Thomas Deliberto, Holly Smith, Justin Stevenson, Kurt C. Vercauteren

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

In 1995, Mycobacterium bovis, the causative bacterium of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), was detected in 5 beef cattle operations in Alcona County, Michigan, USA. In accordance with Federal law, the operations were depopulated to prevent the spread of bTB. Subsequent wildlife surveillance programs identified high prevalence of M. bovis in mesocarnivores, including raccoons ( Procyon lotor), which suggested that raccoons may be complicit in vectoring the pathogen among livestock operations. Our goal was to develop an empirical basis for generating hypotheses about the likelihood for raccoons to mediate the transmission of bTB to livestock. We found intersexual differences in …

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