Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

United States History

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 1081 - 1110 of 15478

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Murphree, Constructing Floridians: Natives and Europeans in the Colonial Flordas, 1513-1783 by J. Michael Francis; Perez, Jr., To Die in Cuba: Suicide and Society by Christina D. Abreu; Hiller, Highway A1A: Florida at the Edge by Keith A. Sculle; Noll and Blumhofer, editors, Sing Them Ouer Again To Me: Hymns and Hymnbooks in America by Daniel S. Pierce; Koszulinski, director, Cracker Crazy: Invisible Histories of the Sunshine State by Robert Cassanello; Braddock, Down in Orburndale: A Songwriter's Youth in Old Florida by Kristine M. McCusker; Butler, Women in the Church of God in Christ: Making a Sanctified World by Edward …

Go to article

Camp Roosevelt: A Case Study Of The Nya In Florida, Dave Nelson Apr 2022

Camp Roosevelt: A Case Study Of The Nya In Florida, Dave Nelson

Florida Historical Quarterly

In April 1940, Life magazine's cover story on "Government and Youth" updated an article the magazine had published on the youth problem in 1936. The cover featured a photograph of Mabel Sealey, an enrollee at Camp Roosevelt, a National Youth Administration (NYA) resident project in Ocala, Florida. The accompanying article, presented the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) as boys' work relief, while the NYA provided relief for girls.1 In the gendered language of the narrative and the photographic images, the masculine CCC project accomplished important work such as fire fighting and tree planting, while teaching its enrollees military discipline and job …

Go to article

The Cuban Convention And Its Role In The Cuban Revolutionary Party, Consuelo E. Stebbins Apr 2022

The Cuban Convention And Its Role In The Cuban Revolutionary Party, Consuelo E. Stebbins

Florida Historical Quarterly

In June 1892, Luis Lagomasino, an agent of a secret organization known only to its members as the Cuban Convention was summoned to Key West to provide an update on the preparations underway in Cuba for the revolution. Lagomasino, the Convention's agent in the eastern province of Las Villas, arrived in Key West on June 22, 1892, where he was affectionately received by Jose Dolores (J. D.) Poyo and General Serafin Sanchez, who introduced him to the wealthy industrialist, Eduardo H. Gato, and the veteran insurgent leader, Fernando Figueredo Soccards. On the night of June 24, 1892, Lagomasino met with …

Go to article

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Hann, The Native American World Beyond Apalachee: West Florida and the Chattahoochee Valley by Evan Peacock; Nelson, Pharsalia: An Environmental Biography of a Southern Plantation, 1780-1880 by Robert E. Krause; Smoot, The Edisons of Fort Myers: Discoveries of the Heart by Kelly Enright; Kleinberg, Black Cloud: The Great Hurricane of 1928 by Donald Willett; Ogle, Key West: History of an Island of Dreams by Tana Mosier Porter; Dyckman, Floridian of His Century: The Courage of Governor LeRoy Collins by Walter W. Manley II; Marshall, The Tumultuous Sixties: Campus Unrest and Student Life at a Southern University by Benjamin D. Brotemarkle; …

Go to article

The Struggle For Minority Representation In Florida, 1960-1990, Peyton Mccrary Apr 2022

The Struggle For Minority Representation In Florida, 1960-1990, Peyton Mccrary

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1960 African Americans in the South were substantially disfranchised by racially discriminatory registration procedures. A little over a third of the black voting age population was registered, and whites were registered at more than twice that rate.1 Not surprisingly, state legislatures in the region were all white, although a few local governments had elected a black person to public office from time to time in the years since World War II -- usually from single-member districts in the black part of town.2 By 1990 this portrait of inequality had been transformed beyond recognition. Formal barriers to registration and voting …

Go to article

More Negotiation And Less Demonstrations: The Naacp, Sclc, And Racial Conflict In Pensacola, 1970-1978, J. Michael Butler Apr 2022

More Negotiation And Less Demonstrations: The Naacp, Sclc, And Racial Conflict In Pensacola, 1970-1978, J. Michael Butler

Florida Historical Quarterly

The civil rights movement is a topic that continues to inspire a tremendous amount of scholarly research. One topic that remains relatively unexplored, though, is the post-1960s struggle for black equality. Traditional narratives typically use the 1968 assassination of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. as their symbolic conclusion. Yet the fight against racial injustice continued beyond King's death, and the next decade brought new issues for civil rights activists. One of the most fascinating concerns the role traditional organizations, particularIy the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), played in …

Go to article

The "Jewel" Of The South?: Miami, Florida, And The Naacp's Struggle For Civil Rights In America's Vacation Paradise, Chanelle Rose Apr 2022

The "Jewel" Of The South?: Miami, Florida, And The Naacp's Struggle For Civil Rights In America's Vacation Paradise, Chanelle Rose

Florida Historical Quarterly

The most recent studies on civil rights activism in Florida demystify popular notions of the ostensibly atypical southern state as an aberration from the Deep South.1 However, V.O. Key's 1949 characterization of the "tremendous gap in tempo epitomized in the contrast between a sleepy, rural Old South county of northern Florida and the bustling city of Miami" exemplified the widening gap between the intrastate regions in the era following the Second World War. As Miami Herald reporter Philip Meyer noted, "neither northern nor typically southern, Miami is a kind of sociological time capsule suspended between two worlds."2 Such characterizations as …

Go to article

Haven't Quite Shaken The Horror: Howard Kester, The Lynching Of Claude Neal, And Social Activism In The South During The 1930s, Joshua Youngblood Apr 2022

Haven't Quite Shaken The Horror: Howard Kester, The Lynching Of Claude Neal, And Social Activism In The South During The 1930s, Joshua Youngblood

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the night of October 26, 1934, outside the small town of Greenwood, Florida, Claude Neal was lynched. The twenty-three-year-old African-American farm-wage laborer was accused of the murder of Lola Cannidy, a twenty-year-old white woman Neal had known nearly his entire life. The lynching of Claude Neal sparked a furor among liberal activists around the nation and provided an opportunity for a radical critique of the South. Socialist Howard Kester conducted the most significant contemporary investigation of the lynching. An outspoken opponent of segregation, Kester vigorously supported the economically depressed and exploited throughout the South, from striking coal miners to …

Go to article

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Frank, Creeks and Southerners: Biculturalism on the Early American Frontier by John T. Elisor; Berry, Beasley, and Clements, eds., The Forgotten Expidition, 1804-1805: The Louisiana Purchase Journals of Dunbar and Hunter by Joe Knetsch; Monaco, Moses Levy of Florida, Jewish Utopian and Antebellum Reformer by Paul S. George; Lightner, Slavery and the Commerce Power: How the Struggle Against the Interstate Slave Trade Led to the Civil War by John Sacher; Sanders, Jr., While in the Hands of the Enemy: Military Prisons of the Civil War by Faiqa Khan; Grant, Rails Through the Wiregrass: A History of the Georgia & Florida …

Go to article

Progress And Sacrifice: Tampa Shipyard Workers In World War Ii, Stacy Lynn Tanner Apr 2022

Progress And Sacrifice: Tampa Shipyard Workers In World War Ii, Stacy Lynn Tanner

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the early morning hours of December 7, 1941, Japanese planes bombed and strafed the harbor and airfields at Pearl Harbor and on Ford Island. When the raid ended eight battleships, three cruisers, three destroyers, and almost 200 airplanes had been destroyed and 2,400 American sailors were dead or dying in the oily waters-and the United States was no longer an observer of the war that raged on three continents.

Go to article

A Plague In Paradise: Public Health And Public Relations During The 1962 Encephalitis Epidemic In St. Petersburg, Florida, Eric Jarvis Apr 2022

A Plague In Paradise: Public Health And Public Relations During The 1962 Encephalitis Epidemic In St. Petersburg, Florida, Eric Jarvis

Florida Historical Quarterly

During the months of August and September of 1962 the city of St. Petersburg, Florida, experienced an outbreak of St. Louis encephalitis. The United States Communicable Disease Center in Atlanta soon labeled the outbreak a "major epidemic" as it spread into nearly all areas of surrounding Pinellas County. The first case of the disease was reported on July 24 and the outbreak was not officially considered to have ended until September 28. During that time the various public health agencies and the press reported between 140 and 190 cases. Initially reports claimed that fourteen people had died of encephalitis,1 although …

Go to article

Fish On: Pensacola's Red Snapper Fishery, Jason T. Paupp Apr 2022

Fish On: Pensacola's Red Snapper Fishery, Jason T. Paupp

Florida Historical Quarterly

In an article he wrote in 1942 for The American Neptune Fred Hunt remembered fishing the Campeche Bank of the northern coast of the Yucatan in the "late 'teens" when the Pensacola red snapper fleet was "the only big American deep-sea fishing fleet using all-sail vessels exclusively." Though he admitted the fleet was perhaps not as picturesque as it seemed to him at his "meeting salt water for the first time," the Alabama native penned a colorful tale of the men who plied the waters of the Gulf and drank away their pay in the bars and saloons of Pensacola. …

Go to article

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Women Of The Early Florida Audubon Society: Agents Of History In The Fight To Save State Birds, Leslie Kemp Poole Apr 2022

The Women Of The Early Florida Audubon Society: Agents Of History In The Fight To Save State Birds, Leslie Kemp Poole

Florida Historical Quarterly

Reflecting back on the first 25 years of the Florida Audubon Society, President Hiram Byrd described its early founders "a little group of people who had a vision for the future." In particular, Byrd noted that Clara Dommerich, at whose home the first meeting was held in 1900, was "probably the leading spirit in the movement, but as so frequently happens in this world of affairs, the hand that presses the button is not seen."1

Go to article

George Mathews And John Mckee: Revolutionizing East Florida, Mobile, And Pensacola In 1812, J. C. A. Stagg Apr 2022

George Mathews And John Mckee: Revolutionizing East Florida, Mobile, And Pensacola In 1812, J. C. A. Stagg

Florida Historical Quarterly

It has become conventional to regard the East Florida revolution of 1812 as a singularly colorful and controversial episode in the history of the early republic. Its colorful aspects have lent themselves to the writing of fast-paced narratives that make for good reading because its organizers-United States government agents George Mathews and John McKee-brought to the performance of their duties roughly equal proportions of outright illegality, low intrigue, and not a little incompetence. The revolution they staged has always been controversial because it has been difficult to escape the conclusion that it embodied the desire of the administration of James …

Go to article

Documents: Andrew Atkinson Humphreys' Seminole War Field Journal, Matthew T. Pearcy Apr 2022

Documents: Andrew Atkinson Humphreys' Seminole War Field Journal, Matthew T. Pearcy

Florida Historical Quarterly

Andrew Atkinson Humphreys (1810-1883) was born into a prominent Philadelphia family of Quaker origin. His grandfather, Joshua Humphreys, a distinguished naval architect later known as the "Father of the American Navy," served as chief naval constructor (1794-1801) and designed the first U.S. warships, including the Constitution ("Old Ironsides") and her five sister ships.

Go to article

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Knetsch, Faces on the Frontier: Florida Surveyors and Developers in the 19th Century, by James M. Denham; Belko, The Invincible Duff Green: Whig of the West, by Daniel Feller; McKnight, Contested Borderland: The Civil War in Appalachian Kentucky and West Virginia, by Aaron Sheehan-Dean; Hoffschwelle, The Rosenwald Schools of the American South, by Amy Thompson McCandless; Grunwald, The Swamp: The Everglades, Florida, and the Politics of Paradise, by Robert Cassanello; Nelson, Trembling Earth: A Cultural History of Okefenokee Swamp, by Stephen Wallace Taylor; Jordon and Wolf, eds., Interstate Water Allocation in Alabama, Florida and Georgia: New Issues, New Methods, New …

Go to article

Confronting A "Climate Of Raucous And Carnival Invasion": The Aauw Takes On The Johns Committee, Larem Graves Apr 2022

Confronting A "Climate Of Raucous And Carnival Invasion": The Aauw Takes On The Johns Committee, Larem Graves

Florida Historical Quarterly

What happens to the pursuit of truth and the advancement of learning in such an atmosphere as the heresy hunters and thought controllers have created in parts of the South can only be conjectured,"1 historian C. Vann Woodward wondered in his essay on "The Unreported Crisis in the Southern Colleges," published in 1962-the same year that members of the Florida Legislative Investigation Committee (FLIC) descended on the University of South Florida (USF). The Committee had come to Tampa to investigate reports of communism, homosexuality, obscenity in course materials, and professors' alleged attacks on students' religious beliefs. This emboldened advance carried …

Go to article

Henry S. Harmon: Pioneer African American Attorney In Reconstruction-Era Florida, Darius J. Young Apr 2022

Henry S. Harmon: Pioneer African American Attorney In Reconstruction-Era Florida, Darius J. Young

Florida Historical Quarterly

The civil rights movement of the mid-twentieth century highlighted the key role played by African American attorneys in events of critical importance, but the actions and impact of black lawyers during and immediately following the Reconstruction era have received considerably less attention. As recently as 2000, the Florida Bar Journal asserted that "African-Americans ha[ve] been lawyers since the late 1890s, when the multi-talented James Weldon Johnson passed an open exam conducted by three lawyers in a crowded Jacksonville courtroom." As it happens, the Bar Journal erred by a generation in its assertion; black attorneys had practiced law since 1869 when …

Go to article

The Ruthless Hand Of War: Andrew A. Humphreys In The Second Seminole War, Matthew T. Pearcy Apr 2022

The Ruthless Hand Of War: Andrew A. Humphreys In The Second Seminole War, Matthew T. Pearcy

Florida Historical Quarterly

In late February 1836, 2d Lt. Andrew A. Humphreys (1810-1883) reported for duty at Fort Drane in the remote interior of the Florida peninsula. Green and untried, the young West Pointer chronicled his first experiences at war in a leather bound journal tucked away among his personal possessions. "I delight in extremes," he wrote in its opening pages, "and certainly my profession leads to them - from the center of civilization to the wildest forests, I am transferred in a few days. In January luxuriating in the delights of our capital, in February suffering from hunger, thirst and fatigue in …

Go to article

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Berry, My Face is Black is True: Callie House and the Struggle for Ex-Slave Reparations, by David H. Jackson, Jr.; Thursby, Funeral Festivals in America: Rituals for the Living, by Craig Thompson Friend; Rymph, Republican Women: Feminism and Conservatism from Suffrage through the Rise of the New Right, by Michael Bowen; Leuchtenburg, Ihe White House Looks South: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Tmman, Lyndon B. Johnson, by Richard V. Damms; Vandiver, Lethal Punishment: Lynchings and Legal Executions in the South, by Robert Cassanello; Mohl, South of the South, Jewish Activists and the Civil Rights Movement in Miami, 1945-1960, by Sarah …

Go to article

I Was One Of The First To See Daylight: Black Women At Predominantly White Colleges And Universities In Florida Since 1959, Stephanie Y. Evans Apr 2022

I Was One Of The First To See Daylight: Black Women At Predominantly White Colleges And Universities In Florida Since 1959, Stephanie Y. Evans

Florida Historical Quarterly

Kitty Oliver, a celebrated journalist, nonfiction writer, and oral historian, entered the University of Florida in 1965. She was one of only 35 African American students of 18,000 enrolled and one of only 5 black freshmen to integrate campus housing. Her story, told in Multicolored Memories of a Black Southern Girl (2001), is intriguing for its portrayal of the first-wave of black students who integrated the predominantly white institutions in the Florida State University System. Oliver, from Jacksonville, traced her mother's roots to the South Carolina Gullah people. She was an only child and the first in her family to …

Go to article

A Monument To The Progress Of The Race: The Intellectual And Political Origins Of The Florida Agricultural And Mechanical University, 1865-1887, Larry Eugene Rivers Apr 2022

A Monument To The Progress Of The Race: The Intellectual And Political Origins Of The Florida Agricultural And Mechanical University, 1865-1887, Larry Eugene Rivers

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University entered the twenty-first Century as the nation's largest historically black college or university and, in doing so, it continued to fulfill its principal historical mission by producing more minority educators-to-be than any other institution in the United States. These face may catch many Floridians unaware; yet the context within which FAMU managed to accomplish its teacher education mission, having virtually disappeared from our collective consciousness, may offer even greater surprises. The tale involves threads of history drawn from abolitionist professors at Oberlin College; military schools at Hampton, Virginia: the farsighted vision of Florida's only …

Go to article

More Courage Than Discretion: Charles M. Hamilton In Reconstruction-Era Florida, Daniel R. Weinfeld Apr 2022

More Courage Than Discretion: Charles M. Hamilton In Reconstruction-Era Florida, Daniel R. Weinfeld

Florida Historical Quarterly

At the close of the Civil War, Union army officers arrived in Florida to serve as agents of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands (the "Bureau"). In addition to their official Bureau duties, the agents, often the sole representatives of the Federal government in their assigned districts, acted as protectors of the newly freed slaves against a recalcitrant white population that refused to accept the blacks' liberated status. As Congress implemented its Reconstruction plan, the agents helped organize the Republican Party in Florida in anticipation of readmission and encouraged the freedmen to become loyal Republican voters. The Bureau …

Go to article

Florida Room: Battle For St. Augustine 1964: Public Record And Personal Recollection, Claudia S. Slate Apr 2022

Florida Room: Battle For St. Augustine 1964: Public Record And Personal Recollection, Claudia S. Slate

Florida Historical Quarterly

To the casual observer-the tourist-St. Augustine of the 1960s seemed more like a tropical paradise than a racial battleground. This unique city of 15,000, the first permanent settlement in the United States, prided itself on its quaint streets, historic buildings, and pristine Atlantic Ocean beaches. Not surprisingly, it depended on tourists for much of its economy. Black buggy drivers chauffeured tourists through the downtown, past the Old Slave Market where blacks and whites congregated on benches to chat. Although most outsiders would not have considered Florida part of the Deep South, paradoxically, beneath St. Augustine's facade hid "the vilest kind …

Go to article

Raising Her Voice: Ruth Perry, Activist And Journalist For The Miami Naacp, Judith G. Poucher Apr 2022

Raising Her Voice: Ruth Perry, Activist And Journalist For The Miami Naacp, Judith G. Poucher

Florida Historical Quarterly

Ruth Willis Perry sat rigidly in the witness box, clutching her purse and facing the television cameras. Her strained expression reflected not only the tension of a possible jail sentence but also the escalating effects of three years of threats against her life, her reputation, and her career. A few feet away, her would-be assassins smirked and jostled one another. It was February 25, 1957, and Miami's White Citizens' Council had occupied the front rows of the courtroom since early morning. They were ready for a showdown, but so were Ruth Perry and the National Association for the Advancement of …

Go to article

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Fogelson, The Handbook of North American Indians. Volume 14, Southeast. Swanson, Documentation of the Indians of the Florida Keys & Miami, 1514-1765, by Andrew Frank; Hall, Slavery and African Ethnicities in the Americas: Restoring the Links, by Matt Clavin; Coclanis, ed., The Atlantic Economy during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Organization, Operation, Practice, and Personnel, by Carl Keyes; Dibble, Joseph Mills White: Anti-Jacksonian Floridian, by James Cusick; Bennett, Union Jacks: Yankee Sailors in the Civil War by Susannah U. Bruce; O'Brien, Henry Adam and the Southern Question, by Paul Escott; Turner and Bramson, The Plant System of Rail Roads, Steamships, …

Go to article

A Splendid Idea In China Turned Sour In Florida: The Rise And Fall Of The Florida Splendid China, Wenxian Zhang Apr 2022

A Splendid Idea In China Turned Sour In Florida: The Rise And Fall Of The Florida Splendid China, Wenxian Zhang

Florida Historical Quarterly

Although Florida had been promoted as a tropical paradise to people with health concerns since the granting of statehood in 1845, the Sunshine State did not become a top vacation destination for thrill-seeking Americans until Disney World opened its doors in the early 1970s. Disney's appearance spawned several other major theme parks, including Sea World and Universal Studios, and some smaller attractions such as Wet and Wild. Florida Splendid China joined the ranks of Central Florida's regional theme parks in 1993. A high profile project, it represented one of the first and largest joint investment ventures between the United States …

Go to article

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Apr 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Oatis, A Colonial Complex: South Carolina's Frontier in the Era of the Yamusee War, 1680-1730, by Timothy P. Grady; Sweet, Negotiating for Georgia: British-Creek Relations in the Trustee Era, 1733-1752, by Dan Murphee; Hawkins, Jose de Bustamante and Central American Independence: Colonial Administration in an Age of Imperial Crisis, by Dennis Halpin; Wells, Origins of the Southern Middle Class, 1800-1861, by Anthony Carey; McDonough, Nashville: The Western Confederacy's Final Gamble, by Kevin N. Levin; Revels, Grander in Her Daughters: Florida's Women During the Civil War; Weatherford, Real Women of Tampa and Hillborough County From Prehistory to the Millennium, by Robert …

Go to article

Review Essay: Clever Men And Cool Brains: Rethinking The Mind Of The Old South, John Mayfield Apr 2022

Review Essay: Clever Men And Cool Brains: Rethinking The Mind Of The Old South, John Mayfield

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Southerner," wrote Frederick Law Olmsted in 1854, "is greatly wanting in hospitality of mind, closing his doors to all opinions and schemes to which he has been bred a stranger, with a contempt and bigotry which sometimes seems incompatible with his character as a gentleman. He has a large but unexpansive mind." Harsh words, but they stuck. For decades after the Civil War, Northern observers such as Henry Adams and Southern grouches such as Wilbur J. Cash echoed Olmsted to one degree or another. Southerners had 'temperament," not "mind," the argument went, and if they thought at all it …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last