Digital Commons Network^™

Title Page, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Title page for Volume 83, Number 2. Includes the Table of Contents

Senator Claude D. Pepper: Advocate Of Aid To The Allies, 193901941, Joan E. Denman

Florida Historical Quarterly

As a junior United States Senator from Florida during 1939-1941, Claude Denson Pepper was one of the most vocal advocates of conscription and aid to France and Britain. Having seen Adolph Hitler's influence and popularity firsthand in 1938, he realized the threat that Nazi Germany presented to the European continent, Great Britain, and possibly the United States. Throughout 1939 and 1940, he spoke of the need for preparedness and became increasingly outspoken as the conflict in Europe intensified. With the help of presidential advisor Benjamin V. Cohen, he drafted two Senate bills for aid to the Allies in May 1940. …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Weitzel, Journeys with Florida' Indians, by Michelle Ruth Davis; Hudson, Conversations with the High Priest of Coosa, by Greg O'Brien; Delfino and Gillespie, eds., Neither Lady Nor Slave: Working Women of the Old South, by Merline Pitre; Berlin, Generations of Captivity: A History of African Americaan Slaves, by Andrew McMichael; Rothman, Notorious in the Neighborhood: Sex and Families across the Color Line in Virginia, 1787-1861, by Patrick O'Neil; Schwartz, Baptist Faith in Action: The Private Writings of Maria Baker Taylor, 1813-1895, by Keith Huneycutt; Krick, Staff Officers in Gray: A Biographical Register of the Staff Officers in the Army of …

Economic Boom Or Political Boondoggle? Florida's Atlantic Gulf Ship Canal In The 1930s, Michael David Tegeder

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the 1930s, the federal government began construction on one of the grandest public works projects in Florida. More than twice the length of the Suez and four times larger than the Panama Canal, the Atlantic Gulf Ship Canal was "perhaps the most opulent single symbol of the New Deal."1 Yet, despite the labor and massive expenditures on the part of state and federal officials, the project ended within a year of its groundbreaking. Plagued by political controversy from start to finish, the Ship Canal can be seen as a dress-rehearsal for the decades-long debate over the Cross-Florida Barge Canal …

Steamboats, Cypress, & Tourism: An Ecological History Of The Ocklawaha In The Late Nineteenth Century, Seven Noll

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1882, George Barbour thusly described Florida's Ocklawaha River in his guidebook to the state. This river, whose name is variously spelled in the promotional literature, tourist pamphlets, and magazine articles of the late nineteenth century, enticed northern visitors and entrepreneurs alike in the years following the Civil War. Its exotic subtropical landscape, heavily forested and swampy banks, bizarre and atavistic wildlife, and otherworldly springs made it seem like something out of Africa rather than the United States. That a trip up the river by steamboat led to the remarkable fishbowl of Silver Springs only added to its appeal. From …

Get The Facts - And Then Act": How Marjorie H. Carr And Florida Defenders Of The Enviornment Fought To Save The Ocklawaha River, Frederick R. Davis

Florida Historical Quarterly

Self described as a "Micanopy housewife," Marjorie Harris Carr seemed an unlikely candidate to develop and lead a successful grassroots campaign to save the Ocklawaha River and the wilderness surrounding it against the Army Corps of Engineers' federally mandated Cross-Florida Barge Canal. In spearheading the "Fight to Save the Ocklawaha," Carr revealed an innate sense of how to present environmental science to the public, the media, and legislators in a way that swayed opinion.

Introduction, Sherry Johnson

Florida Historical Quarterly

Originally presented at the Third Biennial Allen Morris Conference in February 2004, the articles in this special issue of the Florida Historical Quarterly examine the history of three related riverine environments in north central Florida--the St. Johns River, the Ocklawaha River, and the Withlacoochee River basinss-from the mid-nineteenth century through the 1990s.1 The conference panel was designed to demonstrate how exploiting the rivers furthered modern ideas, promoted progress, and created economic prosperity. All three studies also sought to show how modernization had the potential to wreak havoc on a unique, fragile, and irreplaceable ecosystem. Collectively, these essays examine how the …

Terrorism And The Entertainment Industry: Theater, Film, And Television In A Post-9/11 World, Grace Raber

ONU Student Research Colloquium

This paper serves to explore the division in the entertainment industry after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. New York City is considered one of the cultural hubs in America so it only makes sense that various entertainment facets reflected society after the attacks. Many TV shows and movies began to introduce a much more violent and cynical form of media which showcased the uncertainty felt in the immediate aftermath to showcase the flaws 9/11 brought up in society. This also led to the rise of psychological thrillers, a relatively new form of horror film.

However, on the other end of the …

The Forgotten Activists Of Georgia: The Black Women Of Savannah, Emily Zanieski

Honors College Theses

Historians of the Civil Rights Movement in Georgia have primarily focused on how the national movement unfolded in the city of Atlanta. More recent scholarship has highlighted the role Martin Luther King Jr. played in Albany; however, many of these analyses focus on figures within the larger movement rather than focusing on local, grassroots organizers. Additionally, their primary focus tends to be on the role of Black men, leaving behind the voices of Black women who led alongside them. Through a Long Civil Rights Movement (LCRM) approach, I argue that Black women in Savannah, Georgia played an instrumental role in …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Greene et al. eds., Money, Trade, and Power: The Evolution of South Carolina's Plantation Society, by Randall Miller; Early American Indian Documents: Treaties and Laws, 1607-1789, Volume XII: Georgia and Florida Treaties, 1763-1776, by Greg O'Brien; Gordon, South Carolina and the American Revolution: A Battlefield History, by Greg Massey; O'Brien, Choctaws in a Revolutionary Age, 1750-1830, by Joel Martin; Engs and Miller, eds., The Birth of the Grand Old Party: The Republicans' First Generation, by Stephen D. Engle; Gallagher, ed., The Shenandoah Valley Campaign of 1862, by Chris Meyers; Baggett, The Scalawags: Southern Dissenters in the Civil War and Reconstruction, …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Conferences; Websites; Awards and Honors; Editor's Note

The Integration Of Stetson University, Jason Blake

Florida Historical Quarterly

Henry A. DeLand and John B. Stetson founded a school in 1883, and even at that early date, both men considered the possibility of a biracial institution. They opted against it for various reasons, not the least of which was the school's geographical location. Upon establishing DeLand Academy strictly as an all-white institution, however, DeLand and Stetson institutionalized their vision by deciding against any rules in the charter that would specifically forbid integration.1 Nearly seventy years later, Stetson University struggled with the issue that its founders had left unresolved. Consequently, by the early 1960s, Stetson became the first private university …

Secession Sanctified: Bishop Francis Huger Rutledge And The Coming Of The Civil War In Florida, Lee L. Willis, Iii

Florida Historical Quarterly

Standing before the congregation of Tallahassee's St. John's Episcopal Church in May 1865, Bishop Francis Huger Rutledge personified the collapse of the Confederacy. Visibly weak "with trembling hands and unsteady voice," the prelate opened the Eucharist with prayer. Temporarily forgetting orders handed down from the Union forces occupying Florida's capital, Rutledge included a blessing for the President of the Confederate States of America in his benediction. Realizing his error, he bowed his head and repeated the last lines of his invocation, this time uttering "United States of America" instead. Having been at the forefront of Florida's secession movement four years …

Miami's Hidden Labor History, Thomas A. Castillo

Florida Historical Quarterly

As historian Michael Kazin argued in highlighting the scarcity of historical studies about the building trades, labor historians' concentration on centralized, mass production industries such as auto, steel, and electrical manufacturing has left out "one of humankind's oldest pursuits . . . essential to urban life and the single largest element of the AFL in its heyday. Until we know more about their history," he wrote, "that of American workers as a whole will suffer." The observation partially explains why, although literature on organized labor is vast, scholars have conducted few studies of unionism in the building trades, and none …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Griffin, Archaeology of the Everglades, by David McCally; Ward, Between the Lines: Banditti of the American Revolution, by Lynn A. Nelson; Johnson, The Social Transformation of Eighteenth-Century Cuba, by Robinson A. Herrera; Fett, Working Cures: Healing, Health, and Power on Southern Slave Plantations, by Larry E. Hudson Jr.; May, Manifest Destiny's Underworld: Filibustering in Antebellum America, by Richard C. Rohrs; Smith, ed, Black Soldiers in Blue: African American Troops in the Civil War Era, by Robert A. Taylor; Blanton and Cook, They Fought Like Demons: Women Soldiers in the American Civil War, by JoAnn Carpenter; Krick, The Smoothbore Volley That …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Conferences; Fellowships and Grants; Webpages

Historic Notes And Documents: "Everything Is Hubbub Here": Lt. James Willoughby Anderson's Second Seminole War, 1837-1842, James M. Denham

Florida Historical Quarterly

As the Second Seminole War drew to a close in the spring of 1842, Lieutenant James Willoughby Anderson prepared to leave territorial Florida for a post in the Old Northwest. Pondering his experiences and life changes since entering the territory in 1837, Anderson would have looked back on many significant accomplishments. He had helped produce an important topographical map, accumulated distinguished service commendations, and made important professional relationships certain to advance his military career.1 But most of all, Anderson would have thought of the important personal relationships forged during his four years of service in Florida: his courtship and marriage …

Segregation And Desegregation In Parramore: Orlando's African American Community, Tana Mosier Porter

Florida Historical Quarterly

Just before midnight on July 29, 1980, in front of Sister Reed's bar on South Parramore Avenue in Orlando, two white truck drivers in a Thunderbird stopped to ask directions, they claimed. A black woman in a white bikini approached their car, robbed one of them, and ran into the bar. The trucker started after her, but several black men attacked him before he reached the entrance. The police arrived as the altercation became a brawl, with an angry mob throwing rocks and bottles at the officers. The crowd burned a police car and looted and vandalized stores along Parramore. …

In The Interests Of Justice: The Burial Of Pondextuer Eugene Williams, Robert A. Taylor

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the early morning of August 8, 1970, a Viet Cong mortar shell shrieked toward Long Khanh Province near Saigon. The resulting explosion mortally wounded Specialist 4 Pondextuer Eugene Williams of Company D, Second Battalion, Seventh Cavalry, First Air Cavalry Division. An African American barely past his twentieth birthday, Williams died very far from his Florida hometown. However, his service to his country did not cease with death. "Gene" Williams, as he was known to family and friends, became a symbol of the fight for equality and freedom, winning a final battle against the forces of racism and segregation in …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Gordon, Florida's Colonial Architectual Heritage, by Charles W. Arnade; Purcell, War Sacfice and Memory in Revolutionary America, by Susan J. Oldfather; Chavez, Spain and the Independence of the United States: An Intrinsic Gift, by J. Barton Starr; Krawczynski, William Henry Drayton: South Carolina Revolutionary Patriot, by Thomas J. Little; Baptist, Creating an Old South: Middle Florida's Plantation Frontier before the Civil War, by James M. Denham; Garrison, The Legal Ideology of Removal: The Southern Judiciary ad the Sovereignty of Native American Nations, by Ronald N. Satz; Smith, Listening to Nineteenth-Century America, by Matthew Schoenbachler; Rodrigue, Reconstruction in the Cane Fields: …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

In Memoriam; Awards and Grants; Conferences

Historic Notes And Documents: The Mix Diaries, Gayle Penner

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the evening of March 22, 1836, Capt. Mervine P. Mix, U.S.N., brought the USS Concord to anchor in Key West harbor. The island was a good place to repair several damaged sails and to rest after the long voyage from the Portsmouth Navy Yard in New Hampshire. The Concord, 127 feet long with a 17-foot draft and mounting 18 guns, was one of the navy's finest sloops-of-war. Under its first commander, Matthew C. Perry, the Concord traveled some 2,800 miles, visiting ports in Russia, France, Spain, Italy, and the Greek Islands. With Mix in command, the ship sailed from …

Between Encounter And Experience: Florida In The Cuban Imagination, Louis A. Perez Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The antecedents of the relationship between Florida and Cuba reach deeply into the sixteenth century, almost with the inception of European colonization. The peninsula loomed large in the imagination of the island. The enduring facets of this connection assumed discernable patterns early, principally in the form of successive waves of migration northward, spanning centuries, first by such personalities as Panfilo Narvaez and Hernando de Soto and most recently Elian Gonzilez. It is perhaps worth recalling that there was a time when Florida was once a dependency of Cuba, populated and subsidized from the island.

Violence, Racial Etiquette, And African American Working-Class Infrapolitics In Jacksonville During World War I, Robert Cassanello

Florida Historical Quarterly

Before the 1980s, many historians thought that working-class African Americans were victims of racism and consequently played passive roles in history. With the emergence of the new social history, scholars of African American and urban history reexamined previous notions of black culture. They came forward with sources and interpretations suggesting that working-class blacks played a major role in shaping race relations in urban America.

Who Pays For Progress? Accident Law In Florida, 1845-1886, James L. Hunt

Florida Historical Quarterly

Few residents of twenty-first-century Florida are unfamiliar with the notion of legal liability for accidental injuries. The image of the "ambulance chasing" attorney, the call for "tort reform," and a recurring medical malpractice insurance "crisis" are well-known to the casual observer of affairs. In fact, much of the modern business of Florida trial courts concerns automobile accidents, injuries from products, and professional malpractice. In 2000-2001, approximately 35,000 such cases were filed in the state's circuit courts, roughly 23 percent of all civil cases. About 2,000 involved professional malpractice, 4,600 products liability, and 17,000 automobile accidents.1 Despite its current prominence, legal …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Public Lectures

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

McGoun, Ancient Miamians: The Tequesta of South Florida, by John H. Hann; Milanich, Laboring in the Fields of the Lord: Spanish Missions and Southeastern Indians, by Amy Turner Bushnell; Richter, Facing East from Indian Country: A Narrative History of Early America, by Juliana Barr; Perdue and Green, The Cold Guide to American Indians of the Southeast, by Daniel Murphree; Gallay, The Indian Slave Trade: The Rise of the English Empire in the American South, 1670-1717, by Karl L. Davis; Schafer, St. Augudne's British Years: 1763-1784, by Charles W. Arnade; Bonney and Paredes, eds., Anthropologists and Indians in the New South, …

The World Was There: A Photographic History Of Cape Canaveral's Launch Complex 14, Lori C. Walters

Florida Historical Quarterly

"The Cape": for those old enough to recall the suspense of John Glenn's fireball reentry aboard Friendship 7, the name evokes the image of an inseparable triad-billowing rockets, towering gantries, and silvery astronauts. It was here along the eastern coast of Florida that the United States established its most noted launch facility at Cape Canaveral. Although missiles arose from the desert at White Sands and Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, it was the Cape that held the imagination of the nation captive. Cape Canaveral, with its bright orange gantries lining sundrenched shores, was from where America's astronaut heroes engaged …

Florida In American Popular Magazines 1870-1970, Tommy R. Thompson

Florida Historical Quarterly

One might say that in the nineteenth century Americans discovered Florida. Fascinated with the abundant sunshine and the beauty of its flora and fauna, a steady progression of visitors tantalized the rest of the country with an "Edenic" image of the peninsula. Just one of the many travelers who journeyed to Florida, Harriet Beecher Stowe set the tone in the early 1870s with a description that made it practically irresistible to Americans of means: "The great charm, after all, of this life, is its outdoorness. To be able to spend your winter days out of doors, even though some days …

Fernandina Filibuster Fiasco: Birth Of The 1895 Cuban War Of Independence, Antonio Rafael De La Cova

Florida Historical Quarterly

In early January 1895, Cuban exile leader Jose Marti completed preparations in the United States and the Caribbean to ignite a revolt against Spanish colonial despotism in his homeland. Three vessels were chartered in New York and Boston to retrieve hundreds of weapons from a warehouse in Fernandina Beach, Florida, and board contingents of Cuban revolutionaries in Key West, the Dominican Republic, and Costa Rica to disembark on the island in conjunction with nationwide internal uprisings. During the previous forty-five years, Cuban patriots had been launching dozens of similar military filibuster expeditions from the United States, which the federal government …