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Landlords And Tenants: Sharecropping And The Cotton Culture In Leon County, Florida, 1865-1885, Clay Ouzts Mar 2022

Landlords And Tenants: Sharecropping And The Cotton Culture In Leon County, Florida, 1865-1885, Clay Ouzts

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1875 the poet Sidney Lanier visited Leon County, bordering Georgia in northern Florida. Lanier left a favorable account of the red-hill countryside surrounding Tallahassee, the state capital. He described the area as having long fences which marked off pastures, ancient live oaks and other hardwoods spread across the rolling hills where "ample prospects, [came] before the eye."1 Almost ten years later a northern observer remarked that the region was "exceptionally attractive" and that it was one of the "most desirable localities imaginable for several characters of farm industry."2 Promotional literature in the 1890s continued to depict Leon County as …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

MIAMI BEACH: A HISTORY, by Howard Kleinberg, reviewed by Paul S. George; WILLIAM BARTRAM AND THE SOUTHEASTERN INDIANS, edited and annotated by Gregory A. Waselkov and Kathryn E. Holland Braund, reviewed by Paul Wehr; HAD I THE WINGS: THE FRIENDSHIP OF BACHMAN AND AUDUBON, by Jay Shuler, reviewed by Steven Valdespino; STEPPING OUT OF THE SHADOWS: ALABAMA WOMEN, 1919-1990, edited by Mary Martha Thomas, reviewed by Sarah P. Vickers; THE STRUGGLE FOR THE GEORGIA COAST: AN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY SPANISH RETROSPECTIVE ON GUALE AND MOCAMA, by John E. Worth, reviewed by Richard Durshlag; AFTER APPOMATTOX: How THE SOUTH WON THE WAR, …


Long Time Coming: Miami's Liberty City Riot Of 1968, Eric Tscheschlok Mar 2022

Long Time Coming: Miami's Liberty City Riot Of 1968, Eric Tscheschlok

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1898, Josiah Strong predicted that “the problem of the twentieth century will be the city.” Five years later, W. E. B. Du Bois declared that “the problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color line.“1 The turbulent 1960s proved both men prophetic: from Newark to Los Angeles, the nation’s black communities erupted in violence and destruction. For much of the decade, Dade County, Florida escaped this pattern of violence. But in August 1968, as the Republican national convention took place in Miami Beach, the Miami ghetto community of Liberty City erupted into several days of rioting.


Anthony Hutchins: A Pioneer Of The Old Southwest, Ethan A. Grant Mar 2022

Anthony Hutchins: A Pioneer Of The Old Southwest, Ethan A. Grant

Florida Historical Quarterly

The story of British and Spanish Natchez, and the early territorial days of Mississippi cannot be complete without reference to Anthony Hutchins. This temperamental and volatile character was involved in much of the history of the region from his arrival in 1772 until his death in 1802. Barely five feet tall and slender, Hutchins combined the reputed traits of bantam rooster and bulldog. His voice was reedy and his temper was short. By bluff, bluster, and native intelligence, he normally came out at the top of every dispute, and he had many.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

SITUADO AND SABANA: SPAIN’S SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR THE PRESIDIO AND MISSION PROVINCES OF FLORIDA, by Amy Turner Bushnell, reviewed by William S. Coker; FLORIDA INDIANS AND THE INVASION FROM EUROPE, by Jerald T. Milanich, reviewed by John K. Mahon; PEDRO MENÉNDEZ DE AVILÉS, by Eugene Lyon, reviewed by Susan R. Parker; FORT MEADE, 1859-1900, by Canter Brown, Jr., reviewed by Janet Snyder Matthews; THE AFRICAN AMERICAN HERITAGE OF FLORIDA, edited by David R. Colburn and Jane L. Landers, reviewed by Irwin D. Solomon; SWAMP SONG: A NATURAL HISTORY OF FLORIDA’S SWAMPS, by Ron Larson, reviewed by Patricia G. Dillon; JUMP …


Yellow Fever, The Doctors, And Their Victims In The 19th Century South, Theodore B. Vanitallie Mar 2022

Yellow Fever, The Doctors, And Their Victims In The 19th Century South, Theodore B. Vanitallie

Florida Historical Quarterly

The year is 1853; the month July. Imagine that you are a 30-year old bank clerk from New York who has traveled to New Orleans to visit your younger sister, recently married to an assistant editor of the Picayune. Six days after your return to your native city, you suddenly develop chills and fever. Your head aches and you feel weak and nauseated. You collapse on the guest-room bed but, instead of experiencing relief from lying down, the muscles of your neck, back and legs start to ache severely and, over the next two days, you become so irritable and …


Andrew Dias Poppell, 1894-1955: A Taylor County Entrepreneur, Margaret N. Burkley Mar 2022

Andrew Dias Poppell, 1894-1955: A Taylor County Entrepreneur, Margaret N. Burkley

Florida Historical Quarterly

During the first half of the 20th century, forest products and livestock were major parts of the Florida economy. Large lumber and naval stores firms were extracting huge amounts of yellow pine lumber and turpentine from Florida’s extensive forests and cattle barons were marketing cattle which they had grown on wide expanses of open range. That Florida was the leading producer of naval stores by the early 20th century is also comparatively wellknown. 1 Much less has been written about the small businessmen who played important roles in the development of diversified local economies by investing in and operating naval …


Asian Immigration To Florida, Raymond A. Mohl Mar 2022

Asian Immigration To Florida, Raymond A. Mohl

Florida Historical Quarterly

By the mid-1990s, few states could challenge Florida’s Sunbelt growth image and megastate status. Now the fourth largest state, following California, Texas, and New York, Florida has had a dramatically rising demographic trajectory for most of the twentieth century. Indeed, the state’s population growth rate has never fallen below 28 percent a decade since 1900; it was much higher than that during the boom years of the 1920s (52 percent), the 1950s (79 percent), and the 1970s (44 percent). Since 1960, however, a substantial portion of the state’s new population has come as a consequence of immigration. Careful estimates in …


Blanche Armwood Of Tampa And The Strategy Of Interracial Cooperation, Keith Halderman Mar 2022

Blanche Armwood Of Tampa And The Strategy Of Interracial Cooperation, Keith Halderman

Florida Historical Quarterly

Blanche Armwood was born in Tampa on January 3, 1890, into a well-established middle-class black family. Her maternal grandfather, Adam Holloman, had been appointed in 1875 to the Hillsborough County Commission by then-Governor Marcellus L. Stearns. That same year he purchased four parcels of land which totalled 123 acres. Her great uncle, John Armwood, had been a negotiator between the Seminoles and white settlers on the southern Florida frontier. He also became an early landowner when he successfully homesteaded 159 acres in Hillsborough County. Her father, Levin Armwood, was Tampa’s first black policeman and subsequently served as county deputy sheriff. …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

DADE’S LAST COMMAND, by Frank Laumer, reviewed by William M. Goza; BLOCKADERS, REFUGEES, & CONTRABANDS: CIVIL WAR ON FLORIDA’S GULF COAST, 1861-1865, by George E. Buker, reviewed by William Warren Rogers; REBEL STOREHOUSE: FLORIDA IN THE CONFEDERATE ECONOMY, by Robert A. Taylor, reviewed by Anthony Iacono; THE CONFEDERADOS: OLD SOUTH IMMIGRANTS IN BRAZIL, edited by Cyrus B. Dawsey and James M. Dawsey, reviewed by José B. Fernández; ESSAYS ON CUBAN HISTORY: HISTORIOGRAPHY AND RESEARCH, by Louis a Pérez, Jr., reviewed by Thomas M. Leonard; THE CHEROKEES AND CHRISTIANITY, 1794-1870, by William G. McLoughlin; edited by Walter H. Conser, Jr., reviewed …


Daniel Newnan: A Neglected Figure In Florida History, John K. Mahon Mar 2022

Daniel Newnan: A Neglected Figure In Florida History, John K. Mahon

Florida Historical Quarterly

There is a lake in Alachua County, Florida, named for Daniel Newnan of Georgia. Called Pithlachocco on early maps, it was renamed for Newnan because he led a Georgia detachment that fought the Alachua Indians near there in September 1812. Although it has long since disappeared, there was also a town named Newnansville which was the Alachua County seat until 1854. The county seat of Coweta County in Georgia is also named for him. But neither in Florida nor Georgia is there much in print about this man.


Directors Meeting, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Directors Meeting, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida Historical Society Minutes of the Board Meeting, January 20, 1995


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA’S FIRST PEOPLE: 12,000 YEARS OF HUMAN HISTORY, by Robin C. Brown, reviewed by James G. Cusick; YBOR CITY CHRONICLES: A MEMOIR, by Ferdie Pacheco, reviewed by Leland Hawes; HARRIET BEECHER STOWE: A LIFE, by Joan D. Hedrick, reviewed by Sarah Whitmer Foster and John T. Foster, Jr.; CONTESTING CASTRO: THE UNITED STATES AND THE TRIUMPH OF THE CUBAN REVOLUTION, by Thomas G. Paterson, reviewed by Neill Macaulay; THE SOUTH AND THE NEW DEAL, by Roger Biles, reviewed by Michael V. Namorato; ALABAMA: THE HISTORY OF A DEEP SOUTH STATE, by William Warren Rogers, et al, reviewed by Lynn Willoughby; …


The Order Of The Holy Spirit: An Important Decoration From A 1715 Plate Fleet Wreck, John Debry Mar 2022

The Order Of The Holy Spirit: An Important Decoration From A 1715 Plate Fleet Wreck, John Debry

Florida Historical Quarterly

From the early sixteenth to middle eighteenth centuries, the Flota System was Spain’s lifeline to the riches of the Americas. Two fleets traveled more or less annually between Spain and the Americas; the squadron of Tierra Firme from Spain to South America, and the Flota de Nueva España toward Veracruz, Mexico. On the return voyage, the two fleets would often sail together for added safety and protection. The return voyage was more dangerous. The galleons were fully loaded with precious cargoes of gold, silver, jewelry, tobacco, spices, indigo, cochineal, leather, and other New World products. The crews were tired and …


The Florida Diaries Of Daniel H. Wiggins, 1836-1841, David J. Coles Mar 2022

The Florida Diaries Of Daniel H. Wiggins, 1836-1841, David J. Coles

Florida Historical Quarterly

Since Frederick Jackson Turner delivered his seminal 1893 essay on the significance of the frontier in American history, scholars have delved into virtually every aspect of the western frontier experience. Unfortunately, historians have neglected many issues surrounding southern frontier life in the early nineteenth century. Studies of the Florida frontier during this period are particularly few in number.1 Recently, the work of several historians has heightened our appreciation of the importance of the frontier as part of Florida’s heritage. Other than several county and local histories, however, little new work has been written on the original north Florida panhandle frontier …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

A NATURALIST IN FLORIDA: A CELEBRATION OF EDEN, by Archie Carr, edited by Marjorie Harris Carr, reviewed by Morton D. Winsberg; PIONEER COMMERCIAL PHOTOGRAPHY: THE BURGERT BROTHERS, TAMPA, FLORIDA, by Robert E. Snyder and Jack B. Moore, reviewed by Nick Natanson; REMOVAL AFTERSHOCK: THE SEMINOLES’ STRUGGLES TO SURVIVE IN THE WEST, 1836-1866, by Jane F. Lancaster, reviewed by James Covington; LETTERS OF DELEGATES To CONGRESS, 1774-1789: VOLUME 21, OCTOBER 1, 1783-OCTOBER 31, 1784, edited by Paul H. Smith and Ronald M. Gephart, reviewed by Robert M. Calhoon; LUMBEE INDIAN HISTORIES: RACE, ETHNICITY, AND INDIAN IDENTITY IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES, …


From A Territorial To A State Judiciary: Florida's Antebellum Courts And Judges, James M. Denham Mar 2022

From A Territorial To A State Judiciary: Florida's Antebellum Courts And Judges, James M. Denham

Florida Historical Quarterly

When the United States received Florida from Spain in 1821, one of the most obvious tools of instituting federal authority was the establishment of the American system of jurisprudence on the Florida frontier. Soon plans were under way to establish courts. During its territorial period (1821-1845) the national government in Washington provided Florida with its judicial officers. Presidents Monroe, Adams, Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison, Tyler, and Polk served in the White House and each appointed federal judges, district attorneys, and marshals for the judicial districts. In 1822 Congress divided the territory at the Suwannee River into two judicial districts. Superior …


Aid Societies Were Not Alike: Northern Teachers In Post-Civil War Florida, John T. Foster, Jr. Mar 2022

Aid Societies Were Not Alike: Northern Teachers In Post-Civil War Florida, John T. Foster, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Northern teachers in the South during the Civil War and Reconstruction have been the subject of various studies.1 This literature emphasizes the origins and development of the aid societies that sponsored the teachers, and it focuses upon major figures who shaped educational policy. At the same time, little attention details the activities of early northern teachers in Florida within the context of developments in other places. Florida’s experience varies from other parts of the South, and it offers, by contrast, a fresh perspective on the regional experience. Ansel Eddy Kinne’s career provides an opportunity for understanding aid societies. From early …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

PREHISTORIC PEOPLES OF SOUTH FLORIDA, by William E. McGoun, reviewed by Randolph J. Widmer; JUAN PONCE DE LEÓ N, KING FERDINAND, AND THE FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH, by Anthony Q. Devereux, reviewed by William F. Keegan; ARROWHEADS AND SPEAR POINTS IN THE PREHISTORIC SOUTHEAST: A GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL ARTIFACTS, by Linda Crawford Culberson, reviewed by Robert J. Austin; To THE GOLDEN CITIES: PURSUING THE AMERICAN JEWISH DREAM IN MIAMI AND L.A., by Deborah Dash Moore, reviewed by Stephen J. Whitfield; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789: VOLUME 20, MARCH 13-SEPTEMBER 30, 1783, edited by Paul H. Smith, Gerald W. Gawalt, …


Ringing Up A School: Mary Mcleod Bethune's Impact On Daytona, Audrey Thomas Mccluskey Mar 2022

Ringing Up A School: Mary Mcleod Bethune's Impact On Daytona, Audrey Thomas Mccluskey

Florida Historical Quarterly

The limited scholarly attention given to Mary McLeod Bethune has focused either on her pioneering efforts to integrate the federal bureaucracy during the presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt or on her equally trailblazing work in the black women’s club movement.1 To be sure, historians have recognized Bethune as one of this country’s most important educators, but this critical aspect of her career remains imperfectly understood. This is especially true of the school that she founded for women in 1904, which became the coeducational liberal arts institution Bethune-Cookman College.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE DE SOTO CHRONICLES: THE EXPEDITION OF HERNANDO DE SOTO TO NORTH AMERICA IN 1539-1543, 2 volumes, edited by Lawrence A. Clayton, Vernon James Knight, Jr., and Edward C. Moore, reviewed by Marvin T. Smith; LOOKING FOR DESOTO: A SEARCH THROUGH THE SOUTH FOR THE SPANIARD’s TRAIL, by Joyce Rockwood Hudson, reviewed by John F. Scarry; THE SPANISH MISSIONS OF LA FLORIDA, edited by Bonnie G. McEwan, reviewed by John L. Kessell; THE CREEK, by J. T. Glisson, reviewed by Kathryn Hall Proby; RINGLING: THE FLORIDA YEARS, 1911-1936, by David C. Weeks, reviewed by Janet Snyder Matthews; FARM SECUIUTY ADMINISTRATION …


Women And War: St. Petersburg Women During World War Ii, Ellen J. Babb Mar 2022

Women And War: St. Petersburg Women During World War Ii, Ellen J. Babb

Florida Historical Quarterly

During World War II, government agencies and private businesses recruited millions of American women for employment in wartime industries and in other nontraditional fields when the nation’s young men left for war. Government propaganda, national periodicals, and local newspapers worked in unison to promote female employment, and popular songs like “Rosie the Riveter” inspired allegiance on the home front. In a radical departure from previously sanctioned public behavior, older, married women— many with children— entered the country’s labor force en masse. Even though millions of women stepped well beyond previously accepted boundaries of home and “women’s sphere” during World War …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

BERRY BENSON'S CIVIL WAR BOOK: MEMOIRS OF A CONFEDERATE SCOUT AND SHARPSHOOTER, edited by Susan Williams Benson, SOLDIERING IN THE ARMY OF TENNESSEE: A PORTRAIT OF LIFE IN A CONFEDERATE ARMY, by Larry J. Daniel, reviewed by Stephen D. Engle; THIS WAR SO HORRIBLE : THE CIVIL WAR DIARY OF HIRAM SMITH WILLIAMS, edited by Lewis N. Wynne and Robert Taylor, reviewed by Stephen D. Engle; ISABEL THE QUEEN: LIFE AND TIMES, by Peggy Liss, reviewed by Eugene Lyon; PONCE DE LEÓ N AND THE DISCOVERY OF FLORIDA: THE MAN, THE MYTH, AND THE TRUTH, by Douglas T. Peck, reviewed …


Hard Times, Hard Liquor, And Hard Luck: Selective Enforcement Of Prohibition In North Florida, 1928-1933, John J. Guthrie, Jr. Mar 2022

Hard Times, Hard Liquor, And Hard Luck: Selective Enforcement Of Prohibition In North Florida, 1928-1933, John J. Guthrie, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

A recent body of scholarly literature has extensively studied moonshining and the enforcement of federal liquor laws.1 Focusing mainly on the post-Reconstruction mountain South, historians have portrayed moonshiners as traditionalists who resisted federal liquor laws in order to “preserve a way of life that was being threatened by the centralizing forces then shaping America.“2 In one encompassing study, for example, Wilbur R. Miller raised the question: “What are the conditions under which unpopular laws can be enforced, and what are the limits of their enforcement?” After investigating this matter, Miller found that the universal hostility of Democratic state officials to …


Where Palm And Pine Are Blowing: Convict Labor In The North Florida Turpentine Industry, 1877-1923, Jeffrey A. Drobney Mar 2022

Where Palm And Pine Are Blowing: Convict Labor In The North Florida Turpentine Industry, 1877-1923, Jeffrey A. Drobney

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1912 journalist Marc Goodnow visited the pine forests of north Florida seeking information for an article he was writing on the turpentine industry. Goodnow’s findings, which appeared in an exposé entitled “Turpentine: Impressions of the Convicts’ Camps of Florida,” shocked the nation. In the article Goodnow described how he stood in horror and watched as a black convict was forced to be a “runner” in a deadly game of hide and seek. In this weekly occurrence, which trained camp dogs to track down escaped convicts, the man was given a five-minute head start and then required to lead the …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE SPANISH FRONTIER IN NORTH AMERICA, by David J. Weber, reviewed by Jerald T. Milanich; THE PEOPLE WHO DISCOVERED COLUMBUS : THE PREHISTORY OF THE BAHAMAS, by William F. Keegan, reviewed by John F. Scarry; FRANCISCO BOULIGNY: A BOURBON SOLDIER IN SPANISH LOUISIANA, by Gilbert C. Din, reviewed by William S. Coker; CALUMET & FLEUR-DE-LYS: ARCHAEOLOGY OF INDIAN AND FRENCH CONTACT IN THE MIDCONTINENT, edited by John A. Walthall and Thomas E. Emerson, reviewed by Bennie C. Keel; THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY, edited by Jay K. Johnson, reviewed by Judith A. Bense; THE PAPERS OF HENRY CLAY: SUPPLEMENT, 1793-1852, …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA: A SHORT HISTORY, by Michael Gannon, reviewed by Paul S. George; ATLAS OF FLORIDA, edited by Edward A. Fernald and Elizabeth Purdum, reviewed by John R. Dunkle; HERNANDO DE SOTO AND THE INDIANS OF FLORIDA, by Jerald T. Milanich and Charles Hudson, reviewed by Ignacio Avellaneda; MISSIONS TO THE CALUSA, edited and translated by John H. Hann, reviewed by Robert A. Matter; CULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE DOMAIN OF THE CALUSA, edited by William H. Marquardt, reviewed by Brent R. Weisman; COLUMBUS WAS LAST: FROM 200,000 B.C. TO 1492, A HERETICAL HISTORY OF WHO WAS FIRST, by Patrick Huyghe, …


From Camp Hill To Harvard Yard: The Early Years Of Claude D. Pepper, Ric A. Kabat Mar 2022

From Camp Hill To Harvard Yard: The Early Years Of Claude D. Pepper, Ric A. Kabat

Florida Historical Quarterly

Claude D. Pepper was born into economically deprived and socially humble circumstances on September 8, 1900, in Chambers County, Alabama. He grew up acquiring the traditional values of hard work, delayed gratification, Christian moral teachings, and, most importantly, a belief in cooperation and communitarian responsibility. These ethical standards shaped his personal life and propelled him into one of the most longstanding and productive political careers in American history. Together with contemporary liberal politicians from the South, such as Alabama congressman Carl Elliott, Senator and later Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black, Senator John J. Sparkman, Senator J. William Fulbright, and Lyndon …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA IN THE XVITH CENTURY, DISCOVERY AND CONQUEST, by María Antonia Sáinz, reviewed by Paul E. Hoffman; PIRATES AND PRIVATEERS OF THE CARIBBEAN, by Jenifer Marx, reviewed by Light Townsend Cummins; THE BUSINESS OF MAY NEXT: JAMES MADISON AND THE FOUNDING, by William Lee Miller, reviewed by Aubrey C. Land; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789: VOLUME 19, AUGUST 1, 1782-MARCH 11, 1783, edited by Paul H. Smith, Gerald W. Gawalt, and Ronald M. Gephart, reviewed by Robert M. Calhoon; AFRICANS IN COLONIAL LOUISIANA: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AFRO-CREOLE CULTURE IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY, by Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, reviewed by Gilbert …


Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society Mar 2022

Florida History In Periodicals, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This selected bibliography includes scholarly articles in the field of Florida history, archaeology, geography, political science, and anthropology published in state, regional, and national periodicals in 1992. Articles, notes, and documents that have appeared in the Florida Historical Quarterly are not included in this listing since they appear in the annual index of each volume. The present listing also includes articles appearing in journals not published on schedule and that were not in the list printed in the July 1992 issue of the Quarterly.