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Newley Discovered Documents (May-August 1898) Of An American Volunteer Cavalry's Cuban Incursion And The Battle Of Tayacoba (Cuba) In The Spanish-American War, Paul Michael Taylor Mar 2024

Newley Discovered Documents (May-August 1898) Of An American Volunteer Cavalry's Cuban Incursion And The Battle Of Tayacoba (Cuba) In The Spanish-American War, Paul Michael Taylor

Florida Historical Quarterly

This article presents the handwritten correspondence and transcriptions of nine previously unpublished letters to his family by William Louis Abbott (1860-1936), written from May to August of 1898 during his time as a volunteer in the exclusive "irregular" cavalry of volunteers who assembled in Tampa to battle the Spanish during the Spanish-American War. These letters comprise a substantive addition to the corpus of primary data on key historical figures in this Tampa-based effort to aid the Cuban insurgency as part of the Spanish-American War, and also contain first-hand accounts of conditions at Tampa, Florida, where U.S. military soldiers and irregular …


"The Very Finest Place On Earth": Governor Leroy Collins And The Promise Of Opportunity, George B. Crawford Mar 2024

"The Very Finest Place On Earth": Governor Leroy Collins And The Promise Of Opportunity, George B. Crawford

Florida Historical Quarterly

LeRoy Collins' tenure as Governor of Florida (1955-1961) has drawn substantial attention from successive generations ofhistorians and journalists. Most studies of his leadership emphasize his efforts to push for a revision of the state's 1885 Constitution, give urban residents an equitable voice in the legislature and, eventually, reject racial subordination. These appraisals also accent his implementation of improvements in the administration of state government. Collins' success in winning the office with votes from city residents and, gradually, Black Floridians presaged a revolution in the exercise of political power in the state. The combined emergence of these constituencies would make possible …


"The Nature Of Their Country": Florida's Environment And Military Learning The Second Seminole War, 1835-1842, Jacob Hagstrom Mar 2024

"The Nature Of Their Country": Florida's Environment And Military Learning The Second Seminole War, 1835-1842, Jacob Hagstrom

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the summer of 1839, after four years of inconclusive military campaigns, the army's adjutant in Washington asked Zachary Taylor why his troops had not yet removed all of the Seminoles from Florida. One of Taylor's opponents, Coacoochee, turned to nature as well to explain his ultimate failure to remain in Florida. Coacoochee's followers were among the last of about four thousand Seminoles to depart the peninsula for Indian Country in the west. The Indigenous resistance leader, sometimes known as Wild Cat, explained the reason for his surrender with reference to the densely wooded "hammocks" that dotted the Florida landscape. …


Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 100, No. 3, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 100, No. 3, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


Agents Of Modernization In The Florida Keys: Fera, The American Red Cross, And The Concrete Hurricane Houses, Anne Marie Sowder Mar 2024

Agents Of Modernization In The Florida Keys: Fera, The American Red Cross, And The Concrete Hurricane Houses, Anne Marie Sowder

Florida Historical Quarterly

On a warm but mostly cloudy October night in 1935, recordbreaking crowds danced at a new club on the boulevard in Key West. While friends swayed to "slow fox trots and waltzes," eighty miles north-east, along the railway route between Key West and Miami, lay the debris of storm-tossed houses, a destroyed railroad, and ruined highway system. Initially predicted to hit Key West, the storm had instead hit the Upper Keys in the complete darkness of night, September 2, 1935, Labor Day weekend. Producing the lowest barometric pressure ever recorded over land in North America, its 200-mile-per-hour winds and crushing …


Early Town Planning In Middle Florida, Mark Reinberger Mar 2024

Early Town Planning In Middle Florida, Mark Reinberger

Florida Historical Quarterly

Historical study of Middle Florida in the antebellum period has understandably concentrated on the region's political evolution, economic development, and the formation of social classes. The region thus takes its place in the settlement of the southern backcountry as people from Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia moved south and west for virgin land to plant, in the process creating an economy of plantations, small farms, and slavery. This forms part of the opening of the American frontier which stretched from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico. Included as parts of this story in early Florida, as elsewhere in …


Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 100, No. 2, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 100, No. 2, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


Florida History In Publications, 2020, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida History In Publications, 2020, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


End Notes, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

End Notes, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Florida Historical Society Archaeological Institutes (FHSAI); Florida Frontiers: The Weekly Radio Magazine of the Florida Historical Society; Florida Frontiers Television; Florida Historical Society Awards, 2021; Florida Historical Quarterly News; Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts; Florida Historical Quarterly Available on JSTOR; Guidelines for Sumissions to the Florida Historical Quarterly


Pathfinders, Progressives, And Boosters: The 1911 "Gulf-To-Great-Lakes-As-The-Crow-Flies" Automobile Adventure, Martin T. Olliff Mar 2024

Pathfinders, Progressives, And Boosters: The 1911 "Gulf-To-Great-Lakes-As-The-Crow-Flies" Automobile Adventure, Martin T. Olliff

Florida Historical Quarterly

At 10 a.m. on September 3, 1911, Dr. S. R. M. Kennedy, Frank L. Mayes, A. M. Avery, Jr., and F. C. Brent, Jr., left Pensacola for Chicago in Kennedy's Speedwell 50 touring car. Calling themselves the "Gulf-to-Great-Lakes-As-The-Crow-Flies" pathfinders, their ostensible mission was to represent Florida at the Fourth International Good Roads Congress. But their real goals were to add a Pensacola-to-Birmingham route description to the American Automobile Association's Blue Book (to complete the trail between the Great Lakes and the Gulf) and to promote Pensacola as a destination for midwestern tourists. At a time when road conditions rattled bones …


A New Territory: "By Attention And Kindness, All Repugnance May Be Overcome", Philip M. Smith Mar 2024

A New Territory: "By Attention And Kindness, All Repugnance May Be Overcome", Philip M. Smith

Florida Historical Quarterly

On July 10, 1821, Private Nathaniel Sherburne stood in formation for the change of flags ceremony in St. Augustine as Spanish la Florida officially became a United States territory. The sights of that day must have been exotic for the New Hampshire farm boy who ran away from home and joined the army. Private Sherburne was part of the 4th Regiment of Light Artillery of the United States Army, which had been under the command of recently retired Major General Andrew Jackson. Jackson himself was in Pensacola for a similar ceremony the following week. During the past decade, the United …


Editor's Note: The Pandemic Year, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Editor's Note: The Pandemic Year, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

In its 99 published volumes the Fl01ida Historical Quarterly has encountered numerous challenges...inadequate funding in the early years, the Great Depression, World War II, scholarly transformations in historiographic interpretations, and innovations in publication formats. Nothing quite prepared the FHQ for the challenge of a global pandemic.


Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 99, No. 3/4, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 99, No. 3/4, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


The History Of The Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (Minwr): A Partnership Of Rockets And Wildlife, Charles Venuto Mar 2024

The History Of The Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (Minwr): A Partnership Of Rockets And Wildlife, Charles Venuto

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Christmas season is associated with the creation of many lists such as gifts, groceries and holiday cards. But there is another list citizen scientists assemble this time of year as well. The National Audubon Society (NAS) Christmas Bird Count (CBC), originally established to counter what had turned into an annual Christmas day bird slaughter, began in 1900 and look place at 25 different sites, primarily in the northeast United States although California and the Midwest were also represented.


Invading Eden: Exotic Pets And Invasive Species In South Florida, Andrew Pemberton Mar 2024

Invading Eden: Exotic Pets And Invasive Species In South Florida, Andrew Pemberton

Florida Historical Quarterly

On July 8, 2019, South Floridians woke up to a headline describing the removal of a sixteen-foot-long Burmese python and fifty of its eggs from beneath a suburban home near the Everglades. This is a common spectacle in South Florida. Floridians, long accustomed to their scaly, cold-blooded co-habitants, have seen these types of headlines since the 1980s. With increasing frequency, non-indigenous species are entering the state's public eye. Perhaps more remarkable than these snakes' presence beneath Floridia homes is their welcomed presence in households across the country. However, this trend in pet-keeping poses the most risk to ecosystems in Florida, …


Seagrass-Roots Environmentalism: The Lee County Conservation Association, Chris Wilhelm Mar 2024

Seagrass-Roots Environmentalism: The Lee County Conservation Association, Chris Wilhelm

Florida Historical Quarterly

After World War II, Florida crafted a new identity: the Sunshine State. This concept was not solely based on Florida's hot weather and sunny skies although the relationship between sun and water was implicit in the new identity. Tourists enjoyed the sun on boats and beaches, retirees and snowbirds fled northern winters for new sunny coastal cities. The heat of Florida's sunshine was thus balanced by the state's coastal waters. The Sunshine State is a convenient slogan, but Florida is actually defined by its coast. Other states have more sunshine, but none in the continental U.S. have more coastline or …


End Notes, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

End Notes, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Florida Historical Society Archaeological Institutes (FHSAI); Florida Frontiers: The Weekly Radio Magazine of the Florida Historical Society; Florida Frontiers Television; Florida Historical Society Awards; Florida Historical Quarterly News; Florida Historical Quarterly Podcasts; Florida Historical Quarterly Available on JSTOR; Guidelines for Sumissions to the Florida Historical Quarterly


Paradise Is Dynamic: Florida's Changing Landscape, Thomas Chesnes Mar 2024

Paradise Is Dynamic: Florida's Changing Landscape, Thomas Chesnes

Florida Historical Quarterly

The following interview was conducted in the summer of 2020. Thomas Chesnes, the interviewee, is long-time professor of biology at Palm Beach Atlantic University in West Palm Beach, Florida. A native Floridian, Chesnes completed all of his degrees at the University of Florida in Gainesville (Ph.D., environmental engineering sciences/systems ecology/wetlands; M.S., environmental engineering sciences/estuarine systems; B.S., zoology). His research has focused on seagrasses, soil salinity, the Gulf killifish, the mangrove saltmarsh snake, the Atlantic red snapper, and all matters pertaining to wetlands, coastal habitats, and aquatic environments. For over a quarter of century, with numerous grants awarded (including a $50,000 …


The Hidden History Of The Florida-Born, Early Progressive Nurse Leader: Mary E. Macdonald Carter, Christine Ardalan Mar 2024

The Hidden History Of The Florida-Born, Early Progressive Nurse Leader: Mary E. Macdonald Carter, Christine Ardalan

Florida Historical Quarterly

The young women of Miami High School gathered in the auditorium on April 4, 1919, for a vocational hour to bear "a number of Miami's most brilliant and successful women [impart] a taste of what is to be accomplished by choosing the fitting vocation and getting a right start." The Rev. Mrs. Mecca Marie Varney (1873-1959), the organizer of the event, was well known in Miami with clout to draw the adept speakers together. Hailing from Iowa, the evangelical minister was a national leader in the Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) and a lecturer on the Chautauqua Circuit. Earning widespread …


Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 98, No. 3/4, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 98, No. 3/4, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Thulman and Garrison, eds., New Directions in the Search for the First Floridians. by Shawn Joy; Sledge, The Gulf of Mexico: A Maritime History. by Deanne Stephens; Smith, ed., Submerged History: Underwater Archaeology in Florida. by John J. Bertalan; Clavin, The Battle of Negro Fort: The Rise and Fall of a Fugitive Slave Community. by Uzi Baram; Nelson, How The New Deal Built Florida Tourism: The Civilian Conservation Corps and State Parks. by Tara Mitchell Mielnik; Odom and Waling, eds., NASA and the Long Civil Rights Movement. by Amy E. Foster; Delerme, Latino Orlando: Suburban Transformation and Racial Conflict. by …


Amnesia, Anamnesis, And Myth-Making In Florida: A Case Study Of Chipco, Eric Hannel Mar 2024

Amnesia, Anamnesis, And Myth-Making In Florida: A Case Study Of Chipco, Eric Hannel

Florida Historical Quarterly

History often finds ways of retaining information deemed "valuable," while discarding information no longer of interest or importance to its scrivener. During this process, those who recount history intentionally or unintentionally forget some details while retaining others, perhaps even embellishing them for later generations. At the nexus of this amnesia and purposeful anamnesis (the way history is remembered), rests American mythmaking. Each layer of mythmaking connects with place or geography representing forgotten as well as recollected details, a reclamation of past events and altered memories that aggrandize, justify, and construct out of messy, complex, and often brutal reality, a sanitized …


Free Blacks, Citizenship, And The Constitution In Florida Courts, 1821-1846, Craig Buettinger Mar 2024

Free Blacks, Citizenship, And The Constitution In Florida Courts, 1821-1846, Craig Buettinger

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1829, George J. F. Clarke of St Augustine called on the St. Johns County tax assessor to make a return (itemization) of his taxable properties and those of each of his five adult sons. Clarke was one of the city's leading men, born in St. Augustine to Scottish parents during Florida's British period. Clarke's sons, born once Florida had returned to Spanish rule, were his children by his mistress, Flora Leslie, a slave he had purchased in 1793 and emancipated in 1797. In November 1828, the Legislative Council for the Florida Territory had enacted a revenue law that taxed …


Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 98, Number 1, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 98, Number 1, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Free Blacks, Citizenship, and the Constitution in Florida Courts, 1821-1846 by Craig Buettinger
"The Women of Florida Are Wide Awake": The National Association of Colored Women's Clubs in Florida, 1897-1930 by Cynthia Patterson
The Happiest Place on Earth?: South Africa, Divestment, and Anti-Aparteid Movements in Orlando, Florida in the 1980s by Jacob Ivey
End Notes


The Making Of Florida's "Criminal Class": Race, Modernity, And The Convict Leasing Program, 1877-1919, Connon Donegan Mar 2024

The Making Of Florida's "Criminal Class": Race, Modernity, And The Convict Leasing Program, 1877-1919, Connon Donegan

Florida Historical Quarterly

"To degrade a white man by physical punishment is to make a bad member of society and a dangerous political element," so declared the report ofthe three person committee appointed by the delegates to Florida's 1865 constitutional convention. Their charge was to facilitate the drafting of a new legal code in conformity with the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, abolishing slavery and involuntary servitude except as punishment for a duly convicted crime. The criminal code enacted in the legislative sessions of 1865 and 1866 embodied the conviction of the formerly-Confederate lawmakers that the State of Florida would continue …


Volusia And Vibilia: Companion Plantations On The St. Johns River In Spanish And Territorial East Florida, Lani Friend Mar 2024

Volusia And Vibilia: Companion Plantations On The St. Johns River In Spanish And Territorial East Florida, Lani Friend

Florida Historical Quarterly

The names Volusia and Vibilia are mellifluous, "soft and pleasing to the ear." These are words used by Horatio Dexter to describe the Seminole language, but they are well suited to the names of these Spanish land grant plantations on the St.Johns River. Volusia and Vibilia seem to belong together because they do-they share a semantic affinity; they originate from a common cultural source; they were likely bestowed by the same person/s; and the lands bearing the names are closely linked in their history and development. Volusia and Vibilia were companion plantations in Spanish and Territorial East Florida.


Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 97, Number 4, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 97, Number 4, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Volusia and Vibilia: Companion Plantations on the St. Johns River in Spanish and Territorial East Florida, Lani Friend
The Making of Florida's "Criminal Class": Race, Modernity, And the Convict Leasing Program, 1877-1919, Connor Donegan
Covert Cross-Racial Mobilization, Black Activism, and Political Participation Pre-Voting Rights Act, Loren Collingwood and Benjamin Bonzales-O'Brien
Book Reviews
End Notes
Index for Volume 97


All Disquiet On The Home Front: World War I And Florida, 1914-1920, Gary R. Mormino Mar 2024

All Disquiet On The Home Front: World War I And Florida, 1914-1920, Gary R. Mormino

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the eve of the First World War, the United States viewed events in Europe through a filter of isolationism and neutrality. Two vast oceans had reinforced an inclination toward internal affairs and paranoia, while engendering suspicion of diplomatic alliances and foreign revolutions. But events in faraway places-Sarajevo, St. Petersburg, and the Somme-made isolation impossible and neutrality improbable.


Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 97, Number 3, Florida Historical Society Mar 2024

Florida Historical Quarterly, Volume 97, Number 3, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

All Disquiet on the Home Front: World War I and Florida, 1914-1920, Gary R. Mormino
War, Fear, and Bread in Tampa, 1917-1918, Andy Huse
The Sunshine State in Darkness: A Digital Approach to Florida and World War I, Michael Burke, Tyler Campbell, Kayla Campana
Book Reviews
End Notes


Narratives Of Reproductive Control In The American Eugenics Movement, Cassandra M. Provost Mar 2024

Narratives Of Reproductive Control In The American Eugenics Movement, Cassandra M. Provost

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

In this paper, I will explore the eugenics movement as a pseudo-scientific political, social, and legal phenomenon which had a devastating historical impact on America’s most vulnerable women, as well as briefly discuss its residual effects on contemporary reproductive rights conversations, through the lens of literature. Using an interdisciplinary discourse and narrative analysis approach, I identify two distinct themes within the explored narratives: (1) the importance of a government’s attempt to override a person’s autonomy by destroying the person’s ability to reproduce, and (2) the impropriety of actions based on a negative attitude toward disabled or undesirable persons. In my …