Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Ursinus College (5775)
- Morehead State University (4339)
- Colby College (1859)
- Kenyon College (1177)
- Western Kentucky University (1135)
-
- University of Central Florida (920)
- Hollins University (611)
- Stephen F. Austin State University (511)
- University of North Florida (419)
- University of New Mexico (381)
- College of the Holy Cross (367)
- Lindenwood University (247)
- University of Mississippi (231)
- LSU Health New Orleans (163)
- Gettysburg College (150)
- University of Southern Maine (140)
- Valparaiso University (127)
- University of New England (124)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (109)
- University of Kentucky (103)
- Portland State University (92)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (76)
- Wright State University (74)
- Murray State University (72)
- Old Dominion University (71)
- University of the Pacific (70)
- Brigham Young University (65)
- Loyola University Chicago (61)
- University of North Dakota (60)
- Georgia Southern University (59)
- Keyword
-
- Pennsylvania (5742)
- Collegeville (5720)
- Newspaper (5279)
- Montgomery County (3867)
- Trappe (3865)
-
- Norristown (3300)
- Ursinus College (1860)
- Agricultural newspapers (1847)
- American newspapers (1847)
- Central Maine (1847)
- Maine history (1847)
- Popular literature (1847)
- 19th century newspapers (1597)
- Rural Ohio (996)
- History of the Midwest (995)
- Local newspaper (995)
- Freeland (563)
- Football (549)
- Basketball (532)
- Alumni (500)
- YMCA (498)
- YWCA (398)
- Western Kentucky University (393)
- Field hockey (392)
- American (373)
- Baseball (365)
- Kentucky (362)
- World War, 1914-1918 -- Personal narratives (361)
- Ansel Brooks Smith Sr. Letters (351)
- World War, 1914-1918 -- Health aspects (349)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Morehead News Archive (2010)
- The Independent Newspaper, 1898-1952 (2009)
- The Waterville Mail (Waterville, Maine) (1350)
- The Independent and Montgomery Transcript Newspaper, 1952-1984 (1295)
- Rowan County News Archive (996)
-
- Florida Historical Quarterly (901)
- Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present (732)
- Ursinus Weekly Newspaper, 1902-1978 (680)
- Hollins Student Newspapers (571)
- Providence Independent Newspaper, 1875-1898 (556)
- The Eastern Mail (Waterville, Maine) (497)
- Manuscript Collection Finding Aids (367)
- Ansel Brooks Smith, Sr. Letters (352)
- WKU Administration Documents (338)
- East Texas Historical Journal (280)
- The Octofoil (245)
- Mount Vernon Banner Historic Newspaper 1905 (228)
- Morehead Independent Archive (227)
- Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State (222)
- Paintsville Herald Archive (170)
- Correspondence (139)
- Mount Vernon Banner Historic Newspaper 1901 (137)
- McDonnell Douglas Corporate Newsletters (125)
- The Vanguard (124)
- Ursinus College Bulletin, 1885-1902 (110)
- Ursinus College Catalogues, 1869-Present (106)
- James Michael Curley Scrapbooks (103)
- Olive Hill Times Archive (85)
- Maysville Herald Archive (79)
- Traces, the Southern Central Kentucky, Barren County Genealogical Newsletter (78)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 3421 - 3450 of 21838
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Guarantee Of Freedom And Dignity? Colombian Land Reform, The Alliance For Progress, And The United States, Thomas A. Costello
The Guarantee Of Freedom And Dignity? Colombian Land Reform, The Alliance For Progress, And The United States, Thomas A. Costello
Honors Scholar Theses
Although the United States had involved itself in programs of land reform in Korea, Japan, and Western Europe in the mid-20th century, prior to the establishment of the Alliance for Progress, there was little discussion of encouraging such programs in Latin America. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the attitudes towards land reform in Colombia prior to the signing of Colombian Law 135. By examining documents from the Kennedy administration, this thesis proves the United States exerted its influence on Latin American nations in the early 1960’s to promote the enacting of national agrarian reform projects. Furthermore, …
The Artist, The Workhorse: Labor In The Sculpture Of Anna Hyatt Huntington, Brooke Baerman
The Artist, The Workhorse: Labor In The Sculpture Of Anna Hyatt Huntington, Brooke Baerman
Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All
Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973) was an American sculptor of animals who founded the nation’s first sculpture garden, Brookgreen Gardens, in 1932. Hyatt Huntington, whose personal papers are housed at Syracuse University, is an important yet understudied artist. Focusing on Hyatt Huntington’s sculptures in Brookgreen Gardens and on the gardens themselves, which also included a zoo, this paper will examine themes of labor in the artist’s oeuvre.
Hyatt Huntington placed an emphasis on hard work as she fought to distinguish herself as a sculptor in a male-dominated field. The products of her labor often venerate the work of animals, from bulls …
America's War In Angola, 1961-1976, Alexander Joseph Marino
America's War In Angola, 1961-1976, Alexander Joseph Marino
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
A study of the role played by the United States in Angola's War of Independence and the Angolan Civil War up to 1976.
Goodnight Moonshine : The Lasting Effects Of Prohibition On The United States., John Slack
Goodnight Moonshine : The Lasting Effects Of Prohibition On The United States., John Slack
College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses
Alcohol constitutes an integral part of societies across the world. This pattern can be seen in the United States where conflicts over alcohol’s place in the country have permeated the social landscape since the beginning of the nation. From colonial times to the modern day, society has viewed alcohol as a deplorable vice, an enjoyable indulgence, a rite of passage, an inherent freedom, and the reason for many of society’s woes. To better understand alcohol’s role in United States history, one needs to examine a key event and public policy that dealt with alcohol: Prohibition. Spanning from 1920 to 1933, …
Regulating The Dead: Rights For The Corpse And The Removal Of San Francisco's Cemeteries, Lance Muckey
Regulating The Dead: Rights For The Corpse And The Removal Of San Francisco's Cemeteries, Lance Muckey
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
A specialized facet of American common law developed throughout the nineteenth century; that being mortuary law or the law of the corpse. This jurisprudence transferred limited property rights to dead bodies, which was a radical departure from the treatment of the dead under the English common law tradition that the United States had adopted after the American Revolution.
The dead fit into a unique category in law. Legally they do not exist and therefore have no voice. It thus falls to the state to speak for them in the form of statutes and judicial decisions, which represents a continuation of …
"If De Babies Cried": Slave Motherhood In Antebellum Missouri, Lucy Phelps Hamilton
"If De Babies Cried": Slave Motherhood In Antebellum Missouri, Lucy Phelps Hamilton
Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Slavery in Missouri was typically small-scale in nature and featured smallholdings possessing few slaves. Situated on the periphery of the South and the western border of the antebellum United States, Missouri, even after achieving statehood, remained a frontier. This small-scale frontier environment provides an opportunity for the close examination of slave motherhood. Focusing on slave motherhood through the lens of small-scale slavery in Missouri, I am able to closely examine the day-to-day lives of these women and focus on their common experiences as mothers living in bondage. This in turn paints a broader picture of typical slave mother experiences in …
Political Harvests: Transnational Farmers' Movements In North Dakota And Saskatchewan, 1905-1950, Jason Mccollom
Political Harvests: Transnational Farmers' Movements In North Dakota And Saskatchewan, 1905-1950, Jason Mccollom
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This research uses as a case study farmers' movements in North Dakota and Saskatchewan, two identical locales in terms of wheat monoculture, demographics, and agrarian ideology, and traces the differing Social, economic, and political outcomes between 1905 and 1950. The research, however, moves beyond this and also investigates the transnational integration, connections, and engagements among agrarian groups across the broader North American northern plains and across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, to Europe, the Soviet Union, and Australia. Methodologically, this study applies Social movement theory, pioneered by sociologists Doug McAdam, Sidney Tarrow, and Charles Tilley, which seeks to replace a …
Treasonous Patriot: A Comparative Content Analysis Of The Media's Portrayals Of Daniel Ellsberg And Edward Snowden, Kaylin Mcloud
Treasonous Patriot: A Comparative Content Analysis Of The Media's Portrayals Of Daniel Ellsberg And Edward Snowden, Kaylin Mcloud
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
On June 9, 2013, the world was introduced to Edward Joseph Snowden, a 29-year-old NSA contractor and the man responsible for the biggest leak of classified government documents in American history. Almost immediately, comparisons were drawn between Snowden and another famous whistleblower--Daniel Ellsberg, the man behind the 1971 release of the Pentagon Papers. The overwhelming rhetoric surrounding the comparison was that Ellsberg was a true American patriot and that Snowden was nothing like him, that he was a traitor. Despite Ellsberg's own claims that he and Snowden are exactly alike, the media still finds Snowden lacking when comparing him with …
Beyond The Schoolhouse Door: Educating The Political Animal In Jefferson’S Little Republics, Brian W. Dotts
Beyond The Schoolhouse Door: Educating The Political Animal In Jefferson’S Little Republics, Brian W. Dotts
Democracy & Education
Jefferson believed that citizenship must exhibit republican virtue. While education was necessary in a republican polity, it alone was insufficient in sustaining a revolutionary civic spirit. This paper examines Jefferson's expectations for citizen virtue, specifically related to militia and jury service in his 'little republics.' Citizens required not only knowledge of history and republican principles, but also public spaces where they could personify what they learned. Jefferson often analogized the nation as a ship at sea, and while navigational instruments are necessary in charting an accurate course, i.e., republican theories, they become inconsequential without the decisive action required for their …
The Grizzly, April 30, 2015, Rachel Brown, Brian Thomas, Maddie Mathay, Maxwell Bicking, Phoebe French, Briana Mullan, Kristen Costello, Caitlin Tillson, Annie Rus, Jordan Ostrum, Jonathan Vander Lugt, Hunter Gellman
The Grizzly, April 30, 2015, Rachel Brown, Brian Thomas, Maddie Mathay, Maxwell Bicking, Phoebe French, Briana Mullan, Kristen Costello, Caitlin Tillson, Annie Rus, Jordan Ostrum, Jonathan Vander Lugt, Hunter Gellman
Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present
New President: S. Brock Blomberg Will Assume Ursinus Presidency in July • Katz Receives Spanish Award • UC Receives STEM Grant • Commencement Will Honor Fongs • Main Street Safety is Addressed • What's the Origin of Collegeville's Name? • Sustainability Tent Returning for Move Out Days • Ursinus' GSA Celebrates 25 Years on Campus • Breakaway Student Shows Performing This Weekend • Opinion: The Path to Safer Greek Organizations at UC; Greek Life is Destructive Across the United States • Local Alum Helps Bolster UC Softball Program • One More Goal
Interview With Reverend Dr. Larry Greenfield, Lauren Kostiuk
Interview With Reverend Dr. Larry Greenfield, Lauren Kostiuk
Chicago 1968
Length: 76 minutes
Interview with Larry Greenfield by Lauren Kostiuk
Rev. Greenfield begins by describing organizations he’s been involved with, devoted to religious ethics and social justice, protecting the rights of women, gender and sexual minorities, economic justice, and other related causes. He recounts his early years in Sioux Falls with his parents and how his religious involvement prompted questions about equality and social justice. He then recounts his time at the University of Chicago, where he began his involvement in political activism and civil rights. He recalls in detail his experiences at the Democratic National Convention, serving as a …
Interview With Jack Wuest, Grace Fanning
Interview With Jack Wuest, Grace Fanning
Chicago 1968
Length: 63 minutes
Interview with Jack Wuest by Grace Fanning
Mr. Wuest begins by outlining the details of his childhood, family, and early education. He describes his role in the draft resistance during the Vietnam War, and describes the process the young men were subjected to as part of the draft. He recalls his time working with the Juvenile Protective Association which is what first brought him into contact with the Democratic National Convention protests. He recalls witnessing the police violence perpetrated against protesters. He remembers his reactions to the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert Kennedy. He …
The Grizzly, April 23, 2015, Rachel Brown, Deana Harley, Phoebe French, Caitlin Tillson, Niriesa Kalaga, Brian Thomas, Dayana Suncar, Nikki Djambinov, Hunter Gellman, Jonathan Vander Lugt
The Grizzly, April 23, 2015, Rachel Brown, Deana Harley, Phoebe French, Caitlin Tillson, Niriesa Kalaga, Brian Thomas, Dayana Suncar, Nikki Djambinov, Hunter Gellman, Jonathan Vander Lugt
Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present
Mayday Concert Returning • "Not on My Campus" Campaign Launches • Student Art Show to Open on CoSA Day • Elections Results • Holocaust Survivor to Share Her Story to Campus • CoSA Spurs Second Annual Creative Exchange in Myrin • CoSA to Celebrate Wide Variety of Student Work • Opinion: Crigler Beneficial But Needs Improvements; What Makes Crigler Worthwhile for Students? • Sibling Stickhandlers Stayed Side by Side • UCWR Sticks it to Gender Norms
Spider In The River: A Comparative Environmental History Of The Impact Of The Cache La Poudre Watershed On Cheyennes And Euro-Americans, 1830–1880, John J. Buchkoski
Spider In The River: A Comparative Environmental History Of The Impact Of The Cache La Poudre Watershed On Cheyennes And Euro-Americans, 1830–1880, John J. Buchkoski
Department of History: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This thesis is a case study of the Cache la Poudre watershed in Colorado in the mid-nineteenth century and how it contributed to cultural transformations of both Cheyennes and Euro-Americans. This research follows the relationship that developed between Cheyennes and rivers since they inhabited Mille de Lacs in Minnesota in the seventeenth century. It examines the creation of settler-colonialism through the formation of boundaries and colonies in Colorado through the use of rivers. This further illustrates the connectedness of both Euro-Americans and Cheyennes to the rivers and argues that there were battles over these rivers and not only over the …
2014-2015 Lindenwood University Honors Convocation, Lindenwood University
2014-2015 Lindenwood University Honors Convocation, Lindenwood University
Honors Convocation Programs
2014-2015 Lindenwood University Honors Convocation
Baker, Walter Arnold, 1937-2010 (Mss 539), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives
Baker, Walter Arnold, 1937-2010 (Mss 539), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives
Manuscript Collection Finding Aids
Finding aid only for Manuscripts Collection 539. This small collection contains material related to legislative matters of interest to Kentucky legislator and jurist Walter A. Baker, Glasgow, Kentucky. Also includes files about several trips abroad and family material.
The Grizzly, April 16, 2015, Rachel Brown, Hunter Gellman, Phoebe French, Deana Harley, Maddie Mathay, Christine Palazzolo, Niriesa Kalaga, Sophie Snapp, Jordan Scharaga, Nikki Djambinov, Allie Cook
The Grizzly, April 16, 2015, Rachel Brown, Hunter Gellman, Phoebe French, Deana Harley, Maddie Mathay, Christine Palazzolo, Niriesa Kalaga, Sophie Snapp, Jordan Scharaga, Nikki Djambinov, Allie Cook
Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present
Greeks Collect Clothes for Prom • Tree Campus USA Honors UC • Ursinus to Continue Re-branding • Student Senate Announces 2015-2016 Executive Board • UC Welcomes New Director of Facilities • New Issue of the Lantern Released • UCDC Concert to Have Eclectic Themes and Dances • Guest Author Speaks on Middle Eastern Politics • Opinion: Campus Safety Needs More Resources; Sexual Assault Deserves Coverage • Local Athlete Hyman Steps Up for Bears • Midfielder from the Midwest
Eugenics No Matter What?: An Investigation Of The Eugenic Origin Of Planned Parenthood And Its Effect On Contemporary Society, Sarah Mccrea
Eugenics No Matter What?: An Investigation Of The Eugenic Origin Of Planned Parenthood And Its Effect On Contemporary Society, Sarah Mccrea
Black & Gold
According to Students for Life of America, the reproductive health non-profit known as Planned Parenthood was founded upon the principles of the Eugenics movement. They also argue that Planned Parenthood is still working toward the goals of that movement today. While Planned Parenthood’s ties to the Eugenics movement are clear, it is not necessarily true that the organization’s workers, volunteers, and officers are toiling to achieve century-old eugenic goals in contemporary society. In fact, this hypothesis ignores a piece of the puzzle that is integral to our understanding of why Planned Parenthood facilities are located where they are: the link …
Naccs 42nd Annual Conference, National Association For Chicana And Chicano Studies
Naccs 42nd Annual Conference, National Association For Chicana And Chicano Studies
NACCS Conference Programs
Chicana/o In/Civilities: Contestación y Lucha: Cornerstones of Chicana & Chicano Studies
April 15-19, 2015
Parc 55 A Hilton Hotel
#NACCSSF
The Grizzly, April 9, 2015, Rachel Brown, Brian Thomas, Bryce Pinkerton, Kristen Costello, Maddie Mathay, Christine Palazzolo, Steve Valverde, Richard Schulz, Anthony Sierzega, Jonathan Vander Lugt, Hunter Gellman
The Grizzly, April 9, 2015, Rachel Brown, Brian Thomas, Bryce Pinkerton, Kristen Costello, Maddie Mathay, Christine Palazzolo, Steve Valverde, Richard Schulz, Anthony Sierzega, Jonathan Vander Lugt, Hunter Gellman
Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present
Students Expose Racism on Yik Yak • English Honor Society Hosting Gatsby Party • Goss, Fulbright Winner, Plans to Travel to Turkey • HEART Lab Offers Unique Research • Annual Edible Book Festival Continues for Eleventh Year • New Minors Created for Fall • Opinion: A Fourth CIE Question That Breaks the Silence; Fourth Question Not True to Liberal Arts • Stick it to 'em • On the Right Track
John Collier And Mexico In The Shaping Of U.S. Indian Policy: 1934–1945, Wilbert Terry Ahlstedt
John Collier And Mexico In The Shaping Of U.S. Indian Policy: 1934–1945, Wilbert Terry Ahlstedt
Department of History: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Relations between Mexico and the United States have often been tense and yet they have always been interrelated. In the nineteenth century Mexicans were viewed by their northern neighbors as degenerate racial hybrids. In terms of Native Americans and their relationship to land, Mexico was seen as an example of how not to conduct Indian policy. But during the 1930s, significant numbers of officials within the Roosevelt administration expressed interest in and admiration for Mexican domestic policy, especially in relation to Indian policy. One of the most enthusiastic proponents of Mexico’s federal Indian policy was U.S. Indian Commissioner John Collier. …
The John Muir Newsletter, Spring 2015, The John Muir Center
The John Muir Newsletter, Spring 2015, The John Muir Center
Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)
SPRING 2015 jJui JMaaaa, JL^aXAXaa, V>P , THE JOHN MUIR CENTER Reflections on John Muir— One-hundred years after his death Bill Swagerty, Co-Director, John Muir Center During 2014, many institutions honored John Muir's legacy with an event associated with the centennial of his death on December 24, 1914. It was also the fiftieth anniversary of passage of the Wilderness Act by Congress in 1964 and the 150th anniversary of the Yosemite Act, transferring the core of what would become Yosemite National Park from the State of California to the federal government. Pacific hosted the 60th California History Institute from …
Interview With William "Bill" Southwick, Nancy Salto
Interview With William "Bill" Southwick, Nancy Salto
Chicago 1968
Length: 50 minutes
Interview with William Southwick by Nancy Salto
Rev. Southwick begins by recalling the start of his activism work, running Northside Cooperative Ministry coffeehouse while serving as a minister. He explains how he first became involved in the anti-war protests through acquaintances in the Japanese-American community. He recalls the impact that both the DNC and Dr. King’s assassination had on Chicago and the effect it had on the more militant elements in the movement, like the Weather Underground. He compares the student protests in Chicago to other demonstrations and anti-war movements around the country. He describes the kind …
California Department Of Forestry And Fire Protection Fortuna Headquarters, Susie Van Kirk
California Department Of Forestry And Fire Protection Fortuna Headquarters, Susie Van Kirk
Susie Van Kirk Papers
The first phase of the City of Fortuna’s Rohner Creek flood control project will involve channel modification, widening, and bank stabilization to reduce flooding of bordering properties. Two buildings at the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) Headquarters (118 Fortuna Blvd.) are slated for demolition and will not be replaced. To comply with the California Environmental Quality Act, Section 15064.5, (CEQA), the CAL FIRE buildings were researched and assessed for historic significance.
In the course of researching the two CAL FIRE buildings, information about other buildings at the Fortuna Headquarters complex was located. Incorporated into this report, …
Quanah And Cynthia Ann Parker: The History And The Legend, Booth Library
Quanah And Cynthia Ann Parker: The History And The Legend, Booth Library
Booth Library Programs
Photo galleries and supporting exhibits can be found on the QUANAH AND CYNTHIA ANN PARKER exhibit page.
Exhibit Dates
This exhibit was displayed at Booth Library February 7 - April 9, 2015
Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Spring 2015, Musselman Library
Friends Of Musselman Library Newsletter Spring 2015, Musselman Library
Friends of Musselman Library Newsletter
From the Director: Open Access (Robin Wagner)
Global Perspective: Library Participation in College’s Internationalization Efforts (Lucy Marinova ’12, Munya Choga ’12)
Remembering Gale Baker
Library wins 2014 Best in Show
Summer Reads 2015 Launches
Eisenhower Exhibit
Birds of a Feather: Photography Exhibit (Sandra Blair)
Heads Will Turn: Student Exhibit (Mark Warwick)
Edible Books
Audubon Print - Carolina Parrot (Geoffrey Jackson ’91)
Life in Photos: William H. Tipton exhibit
50th reunion Gift of First Editions (John E. Rogers, Jr. ’65)
Sharing the Past: Alumni Memorabilia (Jessica Casale ’18, Julia Hendon, Clara A. Baker ’30, Gary T. Hawbaker ’66)
19th …
Bowling Green Civil War Round Table Newsletter (April 2015), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives
Bowling Green Civil War Round Table Newsletter (April 2015), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives
Bowling Green Civil War Round Table Newsletter
No abstract provided.
The "Real Black Power": Mattie Coney And The Pragmatic Politics Of Black Conservatism, Olivia M. Hagedorn
The "Real Black Power": Mattie Coney And The Pragmatic Politics Of Black Conservatism, Olivia M. Hagedorn
Open Access Theses
This project examines the life and activism of Mattie Rice Coney, a black civic leader from Indianapolis, Indiana. Coney founded the Citizens Forum, Inc., in July 1964 to facilitate the smooth implementation of recently enacted civil rights legislation such as the 1964 Civil Rights Act and Indianapolis's Open Housing Ordinance. Employing a language of racial uplift and civic duty, Coney deftly crafted an image of black conservatism that appealed to moderate white conservatives. In articulating a "quiet," alternative civil rights agenda centered on individual improvement, Coney legitimized her sociopolitical status among whites as a respectable black leader. This status helped …
The American National Exhibition And Kitchen Debates: How The World's Superpowers Portrayed The Events Of The Summer Of 1959 To Meet National Needs, Kevin D. Bardin
The American National Exhibition And Kitchen Debates: How The World's Superpowers Portrayed The Events Of The Summer Of 1959 To Meet National Needs, Kevin D. Bardin
Student Publications
An undergraduate research paper centered on the investigation of American and Soviet propaganda efforts during and immediately after the Kitchen Debate of 1959.
The Long Road: Eisenhower’S Inter-American Highway: The Path To Economic Investment, Political Stability, And Collective Security In Central America, Jacob A. Ross
Student Publications
This paper explores the anti-communist Cold War tactics of public diplomacy as undertaken by the Eisenhower Administration. The focus of this paper is the Inter-American Highway: a program which the U.S. government funded and constructed to develop Central America economically, politically, and beyond. Funding for this program was increased and supported by the president because it fit the axiom of spending as little money as possible in the Cold War, but spending it in a way to be effective in the battle against Soviet communism. The stance of the U.S. government was to provide Central America with increased infrastructure development …