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Mountain Men Reveal Yellowstone: Observations Of Daniel Potts, Warren Ferris, And Osborne Russell In The 1820s And 1830s, Jay H. Buckley, Nathan Benavidez Jan 2022

Mountain Men Reveal Yellowstone: Observations Of Daniel Potts, Warren Ferris, And Osborne Russell In The 1820s And 1830s, Jay H. Buckley, Nathan Benavidez

Faculty Publications

As Yellowstone National Park celebrates its 150th anniversary as the first such park in the world, it is fascinating to rediscover the records of mountain men and and that the same features that enthrall modern visitors captivated them as well. “Sonder” is the realization that other people with whom we share the mortal coil have lived lives just as complex and wonderous as our own. Americans can no better appreciate this than when they stand in Yellowstone National Park today and marvel at the same grandeur mountain men witnessed two hundred years ago.


We’Ve Been Here: A History Of Mexican And Latinx Communities In Anaheim Schools, Marycarmen Montanez Jan 2022

We’Ve Been Here: A History Of Mexican And Latinx Communities In Anaheim Schools, Marycarmen Montanez

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis aims to explore the history of Mexican and Latinx students in Anaheim so that the community has a better understanding of the history of their people before them. This thesis is divided into three chapters, each exploring a different time period within Anaheim’s history and how the city and its schools navigated the Mexican communities who inhabited the city and its surrounding areas. The first chapter looks at the 1910’s to the 1920s, when school segregation and Americanization programs dominated Mexican education in Anaheim. The second chapter looks at the 1960’s and 1970’s when Anaheim school districts tried …


Seeing Forced Isolation Through New Eyes: Covid-19, Anne Frank, And The Violence Of The Nation-State, Anna Raines Jan 2022

Seeing Forced Isolation Through New Eyes: Covid-19, Anne Frank, And The Violence Of The Nation-State, Anna Raines

CMC Senior Theses

In my senior thesis, I explore the social, political, and cultural effects and consequences of forced isolation. Forced isolation is a strategy adopted by governments in order to deal with a range of issues in contemporary history, often resulting in exclusionary practices, the redefinition or assertion of national sovereignty and nation-state boundaries, contagion, detention, and imprisonment. As a consequence of these varied processes and actions, when an individual or a social group is forced into an isolated space and ostracized from society, they are cast out of routine socialization, and the effects of this can endure even if a return …


Performing Amish Agrarianism: Negotiating Tradition In The Maintenance Of Pennsylvania Dairy Farms, Nicole Welk-Joerger Dec 2021

Performing Amish Agrarianism: Negotiating Tradition In The Maintenance Of Pennsylvania Dairy Farms, Nicole Welk-Joerger

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

Amish people have a reputation for being ecologically and environmentally conscientious. As numerous scholars in Amish and Plain Anabaptist studies have demonstrated, Amish views of the environment are diverse and ultimately anchored in the understanding that God made nature for human use. In these cases, Amish views of the environment could be described as much more anchored in traditional philosophical notions of “agrarianism” than “environmentalism.” In this article, I explore how some Amish approach agrarianism with a turn from more traditional farm life toward necessary economic engagement with multi-faceted operations and diversification. Based on intensive ethnographic research and participant observation, …


Roosevelts "Tree Army": The Civilian Conservation Corps In Florida, Jerrell H. Shofner Dec 2021

Roosevelts "Tree Army": The Civilian Conservation Corps In Florida, Jerrell H. Shofner

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Civilian Conservation Corps— officially known as Emergency Conservation Work until 1937— was one of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s favorite New Deal programs and certainly one of the most popular among the American people. Roosevelt saw great opportunities in the prospect of an agency which would help stimulate the devastated economy of the nation while salvaging two of its most valuable resources, the land and the nation’s youth. At the president’s urging, Congress enacted a law on March 31, 1933, authorizing emergency conservation work in which 300,000 young men could be employed in wholesome work preserving the nation’s natural resources. …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

MAY MANN JENNINGS: FLORIDA’S GENTEEL ACTIVIST, by Linda D. Vance, reviewed by Joan S. Carver; A HISTORY OF THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE IN MANATEE COUNTY, FLORIDA, by Robert E. King, reviewed by Mark V. Barrow; LA REPÚBLICA DE LAS FLORIDAS: TEXTS AND DOCUMENTS, compiled by David Bushnell, reviewed by Bruce S. Chappell; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774 - 1789, VOLUME 11: OCTOBER 1, 1778 - JANUARY 31, 1779, edited by Paul H. Smith, Gerald W. Gawalt, Ronald M. Gephart, and Eugene R. Sheridan, LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789, VOLUME 12: FEBRUARY 1, 1779 - MARCH 31, 1779, edited …


Major General James Patton Anderson: An Autobiography, Margaret Uhler Dec 2021

Major General James Patton Anderson: An Autobiography, Margaret Uhler

Florida Historical Quarterly

Although James Patton Anderson has received relatively little historical recognition, the contributions he made to Florida’s Civil War effort are worthy of historical study.


Cow Cavalry: Munnerlyn's Battalion In Florida, 1864-1865, Robert A. Taylor Dec 2021

Cow Cavalry: Munnerlyn's Battalion In Florida, 1864-1865, Robert A. Taylor

Florida Historical Quarterly

Secession and civil war filled the air along with the blossoms of spring in Florida and the rest of the rebellious South in 1861. Florida’s membership in the new Confederate States of America augmented southern leader’s confidence in the region’s basic agricultural strength. It was well known that antebellum Florida possessed large numbers of beef cattle, which in an emergency could feed thousands of rebel soldiers. Florida beef would figure prominently in Confederate logistics, but could never meet the high expectations placed upon it by the government.


Florida Seminoles In The Depression And New Deal, 1933-1942: An Indian Perspective, Harry A. Kersey, Jr. Dec 2021

Florida Seminoles In The Depression And New Deal, 1933-1942: An Indian Perspective, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Great Depression of the 1930s, following as it did the exuberant prosperity and financial excesses of the “Roaring Twenties,” caught millions of Americans both economically and psychologically unprepared to deal with the collapse which was to follow. One of the few groups which was not adversely affected immediately, if only because they were already living perilously close to the poverty level, was the Seminole Indians of Florida. As late as the turn of the century they had participated in a profitable trading relationship with white merchants in the south Florida region. These merchants had purchased a great volume of …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

JACKSON COUNTY, FLORIDA— A HISTORY, by Jerrell H. Shofner, reviewed by William Warren Rogers; THE LIVES OF VIZCAYA: ANNALS OF A GREAT HOUSE, by Kathryn Chapman Harwood, reviewed by Marcia J. Kanner; EDUCATING HAND AND MIND: A HISTORY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN FLORIDA, by Robert G. Stakenas, reviewed by Arthur O. White; THE PAPERS OF HENRY LAURENS, VOLUME 10: DECEMBER 12, 1774-JANUARY 4, 1776, edited by David R. Chesnutt, et al., reviewed by J. Leitch Wright, Jr.; BLACK AND WHITE WOMEN OF THE OLD SOUTH. THE PECULIAR SISTERHOOD IN AMERICAN LITERATURE, by Minrose C. Gwin, reviewed by Emma Lou Thornbrough; …


Standards Of Nutrition In A St. Augustine Hospital, 1783-1821, Ann P. Emerson Dec 2021

Standards Of Nutrition In A St. Augustine Hospital, 1783-1821, Ann P. Emerson

Florida Historical Quarterly

Established by royal decree of the king of Spain in 1776, the Regulations for Royal Hospitals provided guidelines for hospital care in royal Spanish hospitals. This included the one in St. Augustine, Florida, during the Second Spanish Period (1783-1821). Other Spanish hospitals at this time were located in Mobile and New Orleans. The set of regulations is among the earliest written documents specifying the role and responsibilities of medical personnel, treatment of patients, content of regular and special diets, and preparation of food for patients. Earlier, in 1570, Phillip II of Spain had established a law to provide his subjects …


Union Academy: A Freedmen's Bureau School In Gainesville, Florida, Murray D. Laurie Dec 2021

Union Academy: A Freedmen's Bureau School In Gainesville, Florida, Murray D. Laurie

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Union Academy was one of the most important institutions in Gainesville’s black community for over fifty years. It was the town’s first public high school and from its graduating classes came most of Alachua County’s black teachers and black leaders. The facility which housed the Academy was built during Reconstruction by black carpenters who had learned their skill as slaves. Land for the building had been purchased by the school’s board of trustees. A symbol of self-sufficiency and pride for Gainesville’s black citizens for many decades, the Union Academy also represented the value they placed on education.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

THE FLORIDA SITUADO: QUANTIFYING THE FIRST EIGHTY YEARS, by Engel Sluiter, reviewed by Lyle N. McAlister; BEYOND THE NEXT MOUNTAIN: AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY BY ROBERT CRAWFORD WOODARD, DECEMBER 9, 1867-August 31, 1949, reviwed by Paul S. George; BERNARD ROMANS: FORGOTTEN PATRIOT OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. MILITARY ENGINEER AND CARTOGRAPHER OF WEST POINT AND THE HUDSON VALLEY, by Lincoln Diamant, reviewed by Louis De Vorsey, Jr.; THE GEORGIA-FLORIDA CONTEST IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, 1776-1778, by Martha Condray Searcy, reviewed by Robin F. A. Fabel; MY GOLD COAST: SOUTH FLORIDA IN EARLIER YEARS, by Lora Sinks Britt, reviewed by Thelma Peters; MCKEITHEN WEEDEN …


Jacksonville In The Progressive Era: Responses To Urban Growth, James B. Crooks Dec 2021

Jacksonville In The Progressive Era: Responses To Urban Growth, James B. Crooks

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the first two decades of the twentieth century, Jacksonville, Florida, became a substantial southern city. Its population more than tripled from 28,428 to 91,558, as it jumped from the nineteenth to the twelfth largest city in the Southeast. Construction, after the great fire of 1901, of skyscrapers, a new city hall, court house, library, high schools, modern department stores, and a palatial railroad station created a cosmopolitan downtown. Expanding suburbs in Riverside, Murray Hill, Springfield, and across the St. Johns River in South Jacksonville provided the physical and social separation of work and home life that characterized cities across …


"Florida Is A Blessed Country": Letters To Iowa From A Florida Settler, Pat Sonquist Lane Dec 2021

"Florida Is A Blessed Country": Letters To Iowa From A Florida Settler, Pat Sonquist Lane

Florida Historical Quarterly

Letters from settlers have provided information and insights into the early history of our country. The letters here are about Gainesville and Charlotte Harbor, Florida, between 1885 and 1887, and were written by J. Albert Erickson, who had moved from north central Iowa to Florida in 1874. Erickson’s letters were sent to John A. Lindberg, editor of the Dayton (Iowa) Review, who published them.


Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This list shows the amount and variety of Florida history research and writing currently underway, as reported to the Florida Historical Quarterly. Doctoral dissertations and master’s theses completed in 1985 are included. Research in Florida history, sociology, anthropology, political science, archeology, geography, and urban studies is listed.


Ready Cash On Easy Terms: Local Responses To The Depression In Lee County, R. Lyn Rainard Dec 2021

Ready Cash On Easy Terms: Local Responses To The Depression In Lee County, R. Lyn Rainard

Florida Historical Quarterly

When the Great Depression spread to southwest Florida, it caught an unprepared population by surprise. In response, the people of Lee County united in an effort to use local public and private resources to alleviate want. Although moderately successful at first, community efforts alone could not surmount the hardship brought by the Depression. Only massive federal aid would accomplish that goal, bringing in its wake, however, other unforeseen results. New Deal programs did reduce economic trauma, but they also fundamentally altered attitudes about the causes of proverty and about the purpose of federal assistance. Ultimately, New Deal grants were used …


The Tony Tommie Letter, 1916: A Transitional Seminole Document, Harry A. Kersey, Jr. Dec 2021

The Tony Tommie Letter, 1916: A Transitional Seminole Document, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

On October 4, 1916, a young Seminole boy named Tony Tommie wrote a letter to his friend Frank Stranahan, the trading post operator at Fort Lauderdale on the New River. Tony was sixteen years of age at the time, and had completed one year of instruction at the Fort Lauderdale elementary school. His brief note contained a plea for a $10.00 loan with which he could purchase a number of items, the most interesting of these being some “little alligator[s]” to be raised for re-sale to tourists. Unfortunately, there is no record of Stranahan’s response. However, given his long-standing friendship …


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

GOVERNOR LEROY COLLINS OF FLORIDA: SPOKESMAN FOR THE NEW SOUTH, by Tom Wagy, reviewed by Manning J. Dauer; HE-COON: THE BOB SIKES STORY, edited by Bobbye Sikes Wicke, reviewed by D. R. “Billy” Matthews; THE MIAMI RIOT OF 1980: CROSSING THE BOUNDS, by Bruce Porter and Marvin Dunn, reviewed by Robert P. Ingalls; MODERN FLORIDA GOVERNMENT, by Anne E. Kelley, reviewed by Allen Morris; RAILS ‘NEATH THE PALMS, by Robert W. Mann, reviewed by Herbert J. Doherty, Jr.; GEORGE WASHINGTON, A BIOGRAPHY, by John R. Alden, reviewed by Aubrey C. Land; THE PAPERS OF HENRY CLAY, VOLUME 8, CANDIDATE , …


A Swiss Settler In East Florida: A Letter Of Francis Philip Fatio, William Scott Willis Dec 2021

A Swiss Settler In East Florida: A Letter Of Francis Philip Fatio, William Scott Willis

Florida Historical Quarterly

A letter written by Francis Philip Fatio, who settled in East Florida in 1771 and remained there until his death in 1811, was recently discovered among some papers in a desk given to The National Society of the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Florida for use in the Ximenez-Fatio House in St. Augustine. Written by Fatio from New Switzerland, his plantation on the St. Johns River, to his wife in St. Augustine, the letter is dated October 18, 1800. It provides not only intimate glimpses of life on an East Florida plantation during the Second Spanish Period …


A Second Chance: Cary Nicholas And Frontier Florida, Dennis Golladay Dec 2021

A Second Chance: Cary Nicholas And Frontier Florida, Dennis Golladay

Florida Historical Quarterly

On the morning of July 17, 1821, the inhabitants of Pensacola gathered around the town’s public square to witness the ceremony marking the transfer of the Floridas from Spanish to American control. Among the new American residents in the crowd was Cary Nicholas, a thirty-four-year-old transplanted Kentuckian who, like so many others, saw in the territory the prospect for a new start in a life too full of disappointments and failures.


Florida's First Women Candidates, Allen Morris Dec 2021

Florida's First Women Candidates, Allen Morris

Florida Historical Quarterly

The nineteenth amendment, the women’s suffrage amendment, having been ratified by the requisite thirty-eight states, was declared a part of the United States Constitution on August 26, 1920. Tennessee cast the deciding vote. The amendment had been first proposed by Congress on June 5, 1915. Florida was not among the thirty-eight states. Ratification did not come in this state until 1969, and then only as a symbolic recognition of the fiftieth anniversary of the Florida League of Women Voters. Florida’s women unsuccessfully had urged their legislators since the 1890s to adopt woman’s suffrage. In 1917 the right to vote in …


First League Of Women Voters In Florida: Its Troubled History, Joan S. Carver Dec 2021

First League Of Women Voters In Florida: Its Troubled History, Joan S. Carver

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Florida League of Women Voters cites 1939 as the year of its establishment. In fact, this date marks the founding of the second league of women voters in the state. An earlier organization, the Florida State League of Women Voters (FSLWV) which receives no mention in current league publications, was organized in 1921 and was disaffiliated by the national organization in 1937. The stormy history of the first league illustrates the difficulties women’s organizations in the South experienced in carving out an appropriate role in the political arena in the years following the adoption of the suffrage amendment. It …


Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Florida History Research In Progress, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

This list shows the amount and variety of Florida history research and writing currently underway, as reported to the Florida Historical Quarterly. Doctoral dissertations and master’s theses completed in 1984 are included. Research in Florida history, sociology, anthropology, political science, archeology, geography, and urban studies is listed.


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLORIDA AND THE AMERICAN MOTION PICTURE INDUSTRY 1898-1980, by Richard Alan Nelson, reviewed by Edward D. C. Campbell, Jr.; SPANISH COLONIAL FRONTIER RESEARCH, compiled and edited by Henry F. Dobyns, reviewed by John W. Griffin; HOMEWARD BOUND, A HISTORY OF THE BAHAMA ISLANDS TO 1850, by Sandra Riley, BAHAMIAN LOYALISTS AND THEIR SLAVES, by Gail Saunders, reviewed by Daniel L. Schafer; SLAVERY AND FREEDOM IN THE AGE OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION, edited by Ira Berlin and Ronald Hoffman, reviewed by George C. Rogers, Jr.; BLACK LIBERATION ON CUMBERLAND ISLAND IN 1815, by Mary R. Bullard, reviewed by Kenneth Coleman; THE …


Tourism Was Not The Only Purpose: Jacksonville Republicans And Newark's Sentinel Of Freedom, John T. Foster Dec 2021

Tourism Was Not The Only Purpose: Jacksonville Republicans And Newark's Sentinel Of Freedom, John T. Foster

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida tourism grew during the Reconstruction period, and it became a major force in the economy along the St. Johns River. Some of this development occurred as a result of stories about Florida published in northern newspapers and magazines. Among these articles are a series which appeared in a Newark, New Jersey, paper, the Sentinel of Freedom.


Master James Cook And Gulf Coast Cartography, Robert R. Rea Dec 2021

Master James Cook And Gulf Coast Cartography, Robert R. Rea

Florida Historical Quarterly

The acquisition by Great Britain of Florida and cis-Mississippi Louisiana in 1763 brought with it both the need and the opportunity for a significant expansion of cartographic knowledge of the shores of the newly-created colonies of East and West Florida. Spanish and French charts of the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico were rather more artistic than scientific; indeed, the tools for exact surveying had yet to be developed when the Union Jack was raised at St. Augustine, Pensacola, and Mobile. Fishermen from Havana and the occasional merchant engaged in the coasting trade might know the safe anchorages and …


History News, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Dr. Gary Mormino, Announcements and Activities, Obituaries


Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society Dec 2021

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

TAMPA: THE TREASURE CITY, by Gary R. Mormino and Anthony P. Pizzo, reviewed by Janet Snyder Matthews; MIZNER’S FLORIDA, AMERICAN RESORT ARCHITECTURE, by Donald W. Curl, reviewed by Ivan A. Rodriguez; STETSON UNIVERSITY: THE FIRST 100 YEARS, by Gilbert L. Lycan, reviewed by Charlton W. Tebeau; THEIR NUMBER BECOME THINNED, by Henry F. Dobyns, reviewed by Kathleen A. Deagan; CATHOLICS IN THE OLD SOUTH, edited by Randall M. Miller and Jon L. Wakelyn, reviewed by Michael V. Gannon; JOHN BELL HOOD AND THE WAR FOR SOUTHERN INDEPENDENCE, by Richard M. McMurry, reviewed by K. Jack Bauer; THE SOUTH RETURNS TO …


Military Duty In Antebellum Florida: The Experiences Of John Henry Winder, Arch Fredric Blakey Dec 2021

Military Duty In Antebellum Florida: The Experiences Of John Henry Winder, Arch Fredric Blakey

Florida Historical Quarterly

Two Catholic priests escorted and partially carried a dying man to the gallows at the Old Capital Prison in Washington, D.C. The condemned man was Heinrich Hartmann Wirz. Branded by his executioners as the “beast of Andersonville prison,” he was hanged on November 10, 1865. He had been found guilty of conspiring to murder Union prisoners and was executed as a war criminal, the only such casualty of the Civil War.