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History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Awards, Announcements and Activities, Obituary

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

ST. PETERSBURG AND THE FLORIDA DREAM, 1888-1950, by Raymond Arsenault, reviewed by Rodney E. Dillon, Jr.; PURSUITS OF HAPPINESS: THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY MODERN BRITISH COLONIES AND THE FORMATION OF AMERICAN CULTURE, by Jack P. Greene, reviewed by Darrett B. Rutman; BETWEEN THE DEVIL AND THE DEEP BLUE SEA: MERCHANT SEAMEN, PIRATES, AND THE ANGLO-AMERICAN MARITIME WORLD, 1700-1750, by Marcus Rediker, reviewed by Christopher Ward; WAR AND SOCIETY IN REVOLUTIONARY AMERICA: THE WIDER DIMENSIONS OF CONFLICT, by Don Higginbotham, reviewed by David T. Morgan; THE LIFE OF ANDREW JACKSON, by Robert V. Remini, reviewed by Richard B. Latner; WITHIN …

Settlers, Bureaucrats, And Private Land Claims: The "Little Arredondo Grant", Edward F. Keuchel

Florida Historical Quarterly

In his study of United States land policy, historian Paul W. Gates wrote, “No problem caused Congress, officials of the General Land Office, and federal courts more difficulty or took up as much time as the private land claims, that is the grants of land made by predecessor governments in areas acquired from Great Britain, France, Spain, Mexico, and in the Oregon country by agreement with Great Britain.“ There were also problems in Florida since land had been granted by both the Spanish and British governments, and the “little Arredondo grant” of Columbia County demonstrates the complexities in the settlement …

St. Augustine's Fallout From The Yamasee War, John H. Hann

Florida Historical Quarterly

Between 1702 and 1705, Englishmen from South Carolina and their Indian allies destroyed all the surviving missions in Spanish Florida from Apalachee to Amelia Island. A remnant Guale population drawn from at least fifteen settlements of coastal Georgia had taken refuge in the 1680s at three mission sites on Amelia Island. In 1702, James Moore, governor at Charles Town, captured and burned St. Augustine. Only the town’s castillo and the refugees it housed survived Moore’s assault. Renewed English and Indian attacks against the inland missions in 1704 and 1705 brought new waves of native refugees to St. Augustine. The greatest …

The Commerce Of East Florida During The Embargo, 1806-1812: The Role Of Amelia Island, Christopher Ward

Florida Historical Quarterly

When Thomas Jefferson’s embargo policy brought much of North Atlantic commerce to a halt, world economic patterns—already stressed by France’s continental system— readjusted along informal lines for the duration of the Napoleonic era. Of the numerous “transshipment” ports that evolved between 1807 and 1812, none became more significant than Amelia Island, “neutral” Spain’s northernmost settlement on the Florida Atlantic seaboard. Just a few hundred feet across the St. Marys River from Georgia, Amelia Island (Fernandina after 1811) became an important link in a chain that enterprising merchants forged to bypass American trade restrictions. The years before the War of 1812 …

The International Ocean Telegraph, Canter Brown, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

The Summer of 1865 was one of great relief for most citizens of the so-recently reaffirmed United States of America. A few weeks earlier, on April 12, Robert E. Lee had surrendered his Confederate Army of Northern Virginia to a victorious Ulysses S. Grant and, before the end of the following month, the last Confederate force of consequence remaining in the field, then serving under General Edmund Kirby Smith of St. Augustine, had followed suit. The nation had been shocked and saddened by the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln two days after Lee’s surrender, but to some extent the outrage …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Annual Meeting, Prizes and Awards, Florida History Fair, Tampa Bay History, Conferences, Announcements and Activities

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

INVASION OF PRIVACY: THE CROSS CREEK TRIAL OF MARJORIE KINNAN RAWLINGS, by Patricia Nassif Acton, reviewed by William M. Goza; FULL STEAM AHEAD! THE STORY OF PETER DEMENS , FOUNDER OF ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, by Albert Parry, reviewed by Leland M. Hawes, Jr.; FLORIDA’S PAST: VOLUME 2, PEOPLE AND EVENTS THAT SHAPED THE STATE, by Gene M. Burnett, reviewed by Stuart B. McIver; THE LOG OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, translated by Robert H. Fuson; THE DIARIO OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS'S FIRST VOYAGE TO AMERICA, 1492-1493, abstracted by Fray Bartolomé de las Casas, reviewed by William F. Keegan; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, …

Blacks And The Seminole Removal Debate, 1821-1835, George Klos

Florida Historical Quarterly

The rise of Jacksonian democracy in the United States during the 1820s and 1830s led to a national program of Indian displacement for the benefit of white settlers and land speculators. Disputes between whites and Indians over the possession of black slaves was a very prominent feature of Indian removal from Florida. Unlike Indian removal in other parts of the United States, land was not the main issue; thousands of acres of public land could be had in Florida without dispossessing the Seminoles. Mediation of white-Seminole slave disputes failed, in part, because the federal Indian agents often owned and speculated …

The Spanish St. Augustine Community, 1784-1795: A Reevaluation, Sherry Johnson

Florida Historical Quarterly

While documentation is available, historians have not accurately defined the community in St. Augustine after the return of Spanish rule in 1784. Community studies abound for towns in Europe and North America, but community study techniques, which have been so successful in reinterpreting North American colonial history, have been underutilized by Latin American historians. Eighteenth-century St. Augustine presents an opportunity to investigate one frontier settlement and the origins of its inhabitants. However, the point of beginning for any such study must be a definition of the structure of the community itself. Research reveals that St. Augustine resembled other Spanish American …

Florida Library Acquisitions And Accessions, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

The following are recent manuscript acquisitions and accessions as reported by Florida universities, colleges, public libraries and archives, and other institutions. Anyone interested in using particular collections should correspond with the library or archive in question.

William Alexander Blount: Defender Of The Old South And Advocate Of A New South, Thomas Muir, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

William Alexander Blount, as a child, had experienced the frustrations of poverty and disorder resulting from the Civil War. While steeped in many of the values and traditions of the Old South, Blount was one of the new generation of southern leaders who, after the end of Reconstruction in 1877, strove to modernize the South through industrialization and closer cooperation with northern capitalists. His keen intellect and sharp legal mind served him well as a corporate lawyer for the Louisville and Nashville Railroad in Florida. Blount’s legal career in Pensacola spanned the Bourbon period, roughly from 1877 to 1900, when …

"A Gang Of Pirates": The Confederate Lighthouse Raids In Southeast, Rodney E. Dillon, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

In July of 1861, three months after Confederate gunners opened fire on Fort Sumter igniting the Civil War, a distinguished group of United States Army, Navy, and civilian officials met in Washington, DC. These men, Flag Officer Samuel F. DuPont, Commander Charles H. Davis, Major John G. Barnard, and Superintendent Alexander D. Bache of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, had been appointed by the Navy Department as a blockade board to study the geography and topography of the southern coastline, the state of Federal naval resources and manpower, and the strategic and tactical plans necessary to make President …

Settlement Patterns In Alachua County, Florida, 1850-1860, Everett W. Claudle

Florida Historical Quarterly

In 1773, the English botanist William Bartram traveled through north-central Florida. Impressed with the richness of the soil in the Alachua region, he commented on the variety and quantity of crops that the Indians who lived there seemed to grow with ease. Despite Bartram’s favorable report, and later comments like it, few settlers arrived in the area to establish farms and plantations when Florida became an American territory in 1821. Indeed, more than just fertile soil would be needed to lure farmers into the Florida wilderness. In this regard, the account of plantation agriculture’s arrival in Alachua County, Florida, will …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida Historical Society, Gulf Coast History and Humanities Conference, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Festival, Prizes, Awards, and Recognition, Announcements and Activites, Seeking Information, Obituary

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

MARJORIE KINNAN RAWLINGS: SOJOUNER AT CROSS CREEK, by Elizabeth Silverthorne, reviewed by Edna Saffy; CREEKS AND SEMINOLES: DESTRUCTION AND REGENERATION OF THE MUSCOGULGE PEOPLE, by J. Leitch Wright, Jr., reviewed by Helen Hornbeck Tanner; APALACHEE: LAND BETWEEN THE RIVERS, by John H. Hann, reviewed by Robert A. Matter; NAVY GRAY : A STORY OF THE CONFEDERATE NAVY ON THE CHATTAHOOCHEE AND APALACHICOLA RIVERS, by Maxine Turner, reviewed by George E. Buker; TROPICAL SPLENDOR: AN ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY OF FLORIDA, by Hap Hatton, reviewed by Herschel E. Shepard; THE EVOLUTION OF THE CALUSA: A NONAGRICULTURAL CHIEFDOM ON THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF FLORIDA, …

Tom Moreno: A Pensacola Creole, William S. Coker

Florida Historical Quarterly

A recently published volume about the Moreno family of the Gulf coast contained a picture and brief note about Tom Moreno who died in Pensacola, September 23, 1942. Tom reportedly was over 100 years old at the time of his death, but he could have been as young as eighty-three or as old as 105 depending upon which source one used (see table). An article by Gary R. Mormino, which was published in the Florida Historical Quarterly, called attention to an interview with Moreno conducted by Modeste Hargis in 1937 as part of the Work Projects Administration, Federal Writers’ Project. …

From Can't To Can't: The North Florida Turpentine Camp, 1900-1950, Robert N. Lauriault

Florida Historical Quarterly

The dark slides like a tight glove over the solitary woods camp, and no man’s light affronts the majesty of the night sky. An insipid stirring of the warm evening air sets a single pine bough to swaying. Overall, stillness reigns— silence but for the monotony of a distant chuck-wills-widow and the earnest chant of frogs from some distant bog beyond the gloomy line of slash pines— the trees that make of the camp an island in a shadowy, evergreen sea.

"Give Us Twenty-Five Years": Florida Seminoles From Near Termination, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the years immediately following World War II, the nation experienced an ultra-conservative reaction to the social and economic policies fostered during Franklin D. Roosevelt’s unprecedented four-term presidency. Beginning in the late 1930s a coalition of conservative Republicans and southern Democrats set out to scuttle those aspects of the New Deal which they found most inimical to their ideology. When the Republicans regained control of the Congress in 1946, it signaled the beginning of a concerted effort to dismantle all but the most essential governmental spending programs. One of the federal bureaucracies singled out for annihilation— it did not enjoy …

Sibling Stewards Of A Commercial Empire: The Innerarity Brothers In The Floridas, Thomas C. Kennedy

Florida Historical Quarterly

Marquis James, in his biography of Andrew Jackson, alluded to John Forbes and Company, a firm which had succeeded Panton, Leslie and Company in 1804, and asserted that members of the Forbes enterprise “remained the actual rulers of Florida.” Among its members in 1804 were James Innerarity and his brother John. Of the latter, Marquis wrote: “Like a white shadow, John Innerarity glided through the weaving labyrinth, never on the losing side.“ Another scholar contended that individuals connected with both companies “were influential with the governments under which they lived, and exercised unmeasured control over the Indian tribes with which …

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

PEPPER: EYEWITNESS TO A CENTURY, by Claude Denson Pepper and Hays Gorey, reviewed by Alexander R. Stoesen; IN THE WAY OF OUR GRANDMOTHERS: A CULTURAL VIEW OF TWENTIETH-CENTURY MIDWIFERY IN FLORIDA, by Debra Anne Susie, reviewed by William M. Straight; THE CHARACTER OF THE WORD: THE TEXTS OF ZORA NEALE HURSTON, by Karla F. C. Holloway; reviewed by Jim Haskins; THE CORPSE HAD A FAMILIAR FACE, by Edna Buchanan, MIAMI, by Joan Didion, reviewed by Paul S. George; ARCHAEOLOGY OF ABORIGINAL CULTURE CHANGE IN THE INTERIOR SOUTHEAST: DEPOPULATION DURING THE EARLY HISTORIC PERIOD, by Marvin T. Smith, reviewed by John …

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Annual Meetings, Awards, Conferences and Meetings, Announcements and Activities

"State Of Emergency": Key West In The Great Depression, Garry Boulard

Florida Historical Quarterly

On July 1, 1934, elected representatives of the Key West City Council and the Monroe County Board of Commissioners drew up two separate resolutions that said the same thing. The island city, the ordinances declared, was more than $5,000,000 in bonded debt, with at least eighty percent of its inhabitants on the welfare rolls. City services were reduced to almost a non-existent level as employees went without pay for weeks at a time. Furthermore, the lack of a viable industry to employ local residents, coupled with a greatly decreased island tax base, foretold a dire economic future for the city.

History News, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Prizes and Awards, Florida History Fair, Publications, Forthcoming Meetings, Announcements and Activities

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

FLAGLER: ROCKEFELLER PARTNER AND FLORIDA BARON, by Edward N. Akin, reviewed by Willard B. Gatewood, Jr.; THE IMMIGRANT WORLD OF YBOR CITY : ITALIANS AND THEIR LATIN NEIGHBORS IN TAMPA, 1885-1985, by Gary R. Mormino and George E. Pozzetta, reviewed by Wayne Flynt; THE ECONOMY OF BRITISH WEST FLORIDA: 1763-1783, by Robin F. A. Fabel, reviewed by William S. Coker; FLORIDA FOLKTALES, edited by J. Russell Reaver, reviewed by Marjory Bartlett Sanger; SEMINOLE HISTORY: A PICTORIAL HISTORY OF FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY, by Martee Wills and Joan Perry Morris, foreword by Burt Reynolds, reviewed by William Warren Rogers, Jr.; THE EARLY …

Pedro Menéndez's Strategic Plan For The Florida Peninsula, Eugene Lyon

Florida Historical Quarterly

It is evident that perceptible interconnections linked the efforts of the several sixteenth-century explorers of North America. Professor Paul Hoffman has pointed out how legend and geographic surmise drew Europeans to the continent from the time of John and Sebastian Cabot and Juan Ponce de Leon to that of Walter Raleigh. The later adventurers were heritors of the wisdom of folly of their predecessors, from whatever nation or kingdom they might have come.

Amjambo Africa! (March 2022), Kathreen Harrison

Amjambo Africa!

Welcome Center .......................4

Spotlight on business ...............5

Hazard Pay ................................5

Community Food Center ........7

Poem by Nyamuon Nguany

Machar .......................................8

Fufu & Math ........................... 14

Legislative Update ..................15

Singer Clarisse Karasira ........37

DEI/Lewiston............................ 3

Translations French ......................9/13

Swahili ....................10/13

Somali ...............11/13/36

Kinyarwanda .........12/32

Portuguese .............30/32

Spanish ...................31/32

Health&Wellness. ..............20-27

Nutritious eating

In English & translation

Columns New Voices ................8/34/35

Professional Development ... 7

Ask the District Attorney....16

Bureau of Motor Vehicles ...16

Ask the Doctor ....................19

Finance ................................. 33

Community organizations. 28

Beautiful Blackbird .............18

Let’s Talk ...............................35

Maine Immigration .............36

Iraqi immigration freeze ....39

Sun Valley’S Ruud Mountain, John W. Lundin

Works by Local Authors

Originally published in Skiing History Magazine March-April 2022 issue. Article details the history of the Ski jump at Ruud Mountain.

All These Things We've Done Before: A Brief History Of Red-Power Inspired Projects, Programs, And Efforts At The University Of Nebraska-Lincoln And What They Can Do For Us Today, Jake Borgmann

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The Red Power Movement from 1969-1975 inspired both Indigenous and non- Indigenous students and faculty from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) to work for the betterment of Indigenous peoples in areas of affirmation, education, leadership, and language preservation and revitalization. For a time, student efforts by the Council of American Indian Students, faculty sponsored Indigenous education-centered programs, educational outreach through television, and Lakota language courses helped carve out an Indigenous space on campus where Indigenous students could thrive and seek empowerment through education. This era of Red Power-inspired projects, programs, and efforts at UNL peaked from 1969 to the early …

Wagon Tracks Volume 36, Issue 2 (January 2022)

Wagon Tracks

Contents

2 On the Cover: The Trail to Santa Fe by Ron Kil Logo Design by Sultan Sultan

4 Introduction

5 Beyond New Mexico and Missouri: Diverse People and Places of the SFT by Guy McClellan

6 What Can the Trail Teach Us? by Steve Schmidt

7 International Connections of the Santa Fe Trail Map by Dr. Susan Calafate Boyle

8-16 The Santa Fe Trail and National Expansion: Commerce, Conquest, and Commemoration by Dr. Leo Oliva

17-23 Business, Politics, and Power: The Transcontinental World of Bent, St. Vrain and Company 1829-1849 by Dr. David C. Beyreis

23 Media Coverage of …