Digital Commons Network^™

Stop Talking About Sorrow: Nixon’S Communications Strategy After Lam Son 719, Dominic K. So

War, Diplomacy, and Society (MA) Theses

March 1971 was tough for President Richard Nixon. The American people were tired of the Vietnam War, with many still recovering from the violent anti-war protests of 1970. Congress had just passed an amendment prohibiting U.S. ground troops from operating outside of the borders of South Vietnam. Both the public and secret negotiations with Hanoi were stalled. Confidential channels with Beijing and Moscow about diplomatic initiatives had gone cold. Moreover, Lam Son 719, the joint U.S. and South Vietnamese incursion into Laos that began in February, was turning out to be a failure. The operation, Nixon’s military gamble to prove …

The Legacy Of Lynching: On Representation, Remembrance, And Reconciliation, Jackie Chesser

Liberal Arts Capstones

The Equal Justice Initiative’s National Memorial of Peace and Justice is a memorial rooted in recognizing and naming the victims of lynching and racial terror. This memorial is a safe space for people to connect with history and learn about the injustices faced by their ancestors, and, conversely, the injustices wrought upon others by their ancestors. This memorial doesn’t stop at recognizing the victims, it also explains the effects of racial terror beyond lynching, including the Jim Crow Era and mass incarceration.

The National Memorial of Peace and Justice is also focused on extending its impact though its Memorial Monument …

Fbi Investigations Into The Civil Rights Movement And The New Left, Meredith Donovan

Theses and Dissertations

This paper examines how the FBI investigated civil rights organizations and social movements from the 1950s through the 1970s. It compares the reasons for the investigations, the investigative methods, and the extent of the investigations. The paper uses FBI files as the basis for the information and to form the argument that the FBI chose its targets based on who posed a significant threat to the status quo. The FBI had a social and political motive to suppress dissent against the government and to suppress the people who challenged laws to advance their rights. The movements examined are the civil …

In Defense Of Security, Liberty And Property: The English Origins Of An Individual Right To Bear Arms, Allan I. Morris

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Does the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution provide for an individual or collective right to bear arms? My thesis addresses this question by examining the development of seventeenth and eighteenth-century English common law and political and legal philosophy to support an individual right to bear arms and demonstrates how the founding fathers were greatly influenced by this English precedent.

As the records of the Boston Massacre trials demonstrate, the English common law and natural rights theory firmly established a fundamental right of self-preservation, which under the exigencies of the situation might be exercised through the use of firearms. During …

A Power Man’S Theology: Marvel’S Luke Cage And Black Liberation Theology, Diarron B. Morrison

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Netflix released Marvel’s Luke Cage in 2016 to critical acclaim. Born from a 1970s comic book, the series features Luke Cage, an African-American superhero. Cage is a big, bald, bulletproof black man. Instead of tights and a cape, Cage wears a hoodie calling the audience to remember Trayvon Martin and other victims of white racism. Theologian James Cone created Black Liberation Theology in the 1970s. As a result of Cone’s work, Black Liberation Theology addresses the issue of white racism from a theological standpoint. In this thesis I present a close reading of Marvel’s Luke Cage using Black Liberation Theology …

Contrasting And Synthesizing Perspectives On Late Stage Capitalism And The French Revolution, Alyssa Allen

Jessie O'Kelly Freshman Essay Award

The modern-day American wealth inequality epidemic coupled with the effective silencing of the masses through superdelegates and the Electoral College fosters conditions akin to Pre-Revolutionary France with the bourgeoisie being oppressed through wealth inequality and the Estate System.

Special Relationships: Anglo-American Latin America Policy And The Redefining Of National Security, 1969-1982, Benjamin Jared Pack

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

From 1969–82, the United States and Great Britain redefined national security in a distinctive way, separating the notion of national security from its traditional foundations in realist thought. The way the two powers come to define national security was the result of more than a century of historical interaction with Latin America and their own historical experience with ideology, imperialism, and colonialism. As such, the way the United States and Great Britain perceived their respective special relationships influenced the way they chose to intervene in matters of national security, particularly in Latin America’s Southern Cone countries of Chile and Argentina. …

Analysis Of Nation-Building During Insurgency In U.S. Defense Policy Strategy, Joseph Valles

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

U.S. defense policy has often relied on a strategy of nation-building to reform the local government and address the root causes of the instability in a given nation or region. This strategy has, in recent years, been criticized for being ineffective and a wasteful drain on American resources. This paper will determine if such criticism is valid by analyzing the performance of four security environments where such a strategy was used: Vietnam, El Salvador, Afghanistan, and Iraq. The paper will determine if such a strategy was effective in these conflicts by analyzing the progress of reforms and, when possible, the …

Freedom Triumphant: Embracing Joyful Freedom But Facing An Uncertain, Perilous Future, Thomas L. Tacker

Publications

The newly freed slaves had almost nothing—no money, no education, and no strong social institutions, including marriage which had often been prohibited, rarely supported by slaveholders. Discrimination was rampant and government was often the worst discriminator. Yet, somehow, they triumphed. They built marriages that were actually slightly more stable than those of white families. The newly free went from virtually zero literacy to at least 50% literacy in a generation. They worked incredibly hard and increased their income about one third faster than white workers. The newly free, anchored in their strong faith, were amazingly forgiving and optimistic. Economics Professor …

The Grizzly, November 21, 2019, Kevin Leon, Gillian Mccomeskey, Robert Varney, Kim Corona, Lindsey Reilly, Madison Rodak, Gabriela Pascal, Jen Joseph, Rosalia Murphy, Tim Pyne

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

UC's Fourth Annual Celebration of Lights • Berman Museum's Fall Exhibitions • Missy Bryant Named New Dean of Students • 2020 Commencement Speaker Announced • Students Explore Philly in "Philly Word" • GSA Reflects on Semester's Exciting Events • Opinions: NY Fare Evasion Laws Harm Marginalized Groups; "Harriet" is a Triumph of a Biopic • Opening Tourney is a Slam Dunk for Men's Basketball • Freshman Wrestlers Headline Fall Brawl

The Grizzly, November 7, 2019, Kevin Leon, Gillian Mccomeskey, Lillian Vila Licht, Madison Rodak, Colleen Murphy, Daniel Walker, Rosalia Murphy, Tim Pyne

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

Have you Heard the "Rumors"? • Day of the Dead Celebration • Director Makes UC Debut with String Ensemble • Wellness Workshops Focus on Mindfulness • UrCinema Club Returns for Film Lovers • Opinion: "Jesus is King," but Yeezus is Not • What is the "Chain Gang"? • Women's Basketball Ready for New Season

Andrew T. Hatcher: Press, Public Information & Perception For A Nation In Transition Historical Content Analysis On The First African American To Serve As A White House Associate Press Secretary, Nayita Wilson

LSU Master's Theses

Andrew T. Hatcher rose to one of the highest positions in U.S. government when he became the first African American to serve as associate White House press secretary in 1960 under the administration of President John F. Kennedy and during the peak of the Civil Rights Movement. This is a historical content analysis that analyzes Hatcher’s role through primary sources, presidential archives, and select national, local, and minority newspapers.

The overarching purpose of this study was to ascertain Hatcher’s role as associate White House press secretary during civil rights. This study provides further insight into: 1) to what extent did …

The Ties That Bind: The Meaning Of Attachment In State Constitutional Revision, 1820-1845, Allison J. Morvant

LSU Master's Theses

This thesis examines the changing conception of attachment in state constitutional conventions from 1820 – 1845. During the colonial and early national periods, attachment was defined primarily through property ownership. Accordingly, early state constitutions limited the rights of citizenship, namely suffrage, to free white men who possessed a freehold. Over time, in response to pressure from upwardly mobile white males, state constitutional conventions began to create a new political order based on an expanded definition of attachment: non-propertied white males could exhibit attachment and be granted citizenship through affection, civic virtue, and public duty.

Relics From White Supremacy: Why Historians Need To Reevaluate Their Use Of The Word “Riot” To Describe Racial Violence In The South During The Reconstruction And Post-Reconstruction Eras, Brett Kunkel

Ramifications

Using the Memphis race riot of 1866 as a case study, this essay argues that historians need to reevaluate their use of the word “riot” to describe the racial violence of the Reconstruction and Post-Reconstruction eras. Although most historians agree about the nature of the violence in Memphis and events like it, they nevertheless continue to refer to them as “riots” rather than “massacres.” This essay hones in on three qualities the word “riot” connotes: spontaneity, mutual aggression and justification, while noting their inconsistencies with the massacre in Memphis and suggesting that similar discrepancies may characterize similar events during the …

Making The War Colleges Better, Richard A. Lacquement Jr

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Bowling Green, Kentucky - Waterworks (Sc 3488), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of documents (Click on "Additional Files" below for Manuscripts Small Collection 3488. “Changes in Plans and Specifications for Water Works Improvements, Contracts Nos. 1 to 5, Incl[usive] for the City of Bowling Green, Bowling Green, Kentucky, December 12, 1947.”

How U.S. Government Policy Documents Are Addressing The Increasing National Security Implications Of Artificial Intelligence, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Artificial intelligence is affecting many areas of our lives and governmental policy. National security is one arena in which artificial intelligence is playing an increasingly important and controversial role. U.S. Government and military agencies are producing a steadily expanding corpus of publicly available literature on this topic. This literature documents how these agencies have this topic's national security implications historically and currently while also addressing potentially emerging national security issues where artificial intelligence will intersect with national security. This presentation demonstrates examples of the growing variety of publicly available national security artificial intelligence literature while also addressing the implications of …

The Value Of Benevolence: Wealth, Philanthropy, And Police Power Before The Civil War, Thomas Ewing Barber

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Americans before the Civil War (regardless of race, creed, class, or gender) were not strangers to the complexities involved with charitable giving, and the obligations they entailed. They, like other societies over time and space, sought charitable actions that enhanced corporate identity in public or private life, or as Benjamin Franklin later identified those gifts that enhanced the “public good.” Pursuit of the public good, however, resulted in a myriad of negative outcomes that constrained personal liberty through institutional confinement, degrading labor, and physical punishment. By the eve of the Civil War many Americans were just as divided about the …

Film Review: Selma (2015), Moriah Schnose, Casey Lee, Blanca Garcia-Barron

History in the Making

No abstract provided.

Bobby Vega, William Howlett

History in the Making

No abstract provided.

Camp Followers, Nurses, Soldiers, And Spies: Women And The Modern Memory Of The Revolutionary War, Heather K. Garrett

History in the Making

When asked of their memory of the American Revolution, most would reference George Washington or Paul Revere, but probably not Molly Pitcher, Lydia Darragh, or Deborah Sampson. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to demonstrate not only the lack of inclusivity of women in the memory of the Revolutionary War, but also why the women that did achieve recognition surpassed the rest. Women contributed to the war effort in multiple ways, including serving as cooks, laundresses, nurses, spies, and even as soldiers on the battlefields. Unfortunately, due to the large number of female participants, it would be impossible to …

The Grizzly, October 10, 2019, Kevin Leon, Gillian Mccomeskey, Colleen Murphy, Lillian Vila Licht, Jen Joseph, Daniel Walker, Rosalia Murphy

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

"Si, se Puede!" Speaker Series Debuts • Charles Rafferty Reads his Brief and Humorous Poems • Highlights from the Annual Security and Fire Safety Report • Meet this Year's "Lantern" Editor • A Fresh New Look for the Ursinus Website • Opinions: Shane Dawson: YouTube's Savior or Sinner?; More Like Saturday Night Dead, am I Right? • Alumni Give Bears Strength

Religion And Culture In Inherit The Wind, Zachary Sheldon

Journal of Religion & Film

Stanley Kramer’s Inherit the Wind (1960) has long been considered a classic for its indictment of McCarthyism as allegorized in a dramatic treatment of the Scopes Monkey Trial. But for all its political messaging, the film is also patently up front in its treatment of religious perspectives on culture. The presence of such material may be read allegorically but may also be read in connection with the period of the film’s production, as a statement piece on religious perspectives of media such as film. This article examines the religious messaging in Inherit the Wind in conjunction with religious perspectives of …

Back Matter, Huntsville-Madison County Historical Society

Huntsville Historical Review

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of The 1918 Influenza Pandemic On U.S. Life Insurance Holdings, Dr. Joanna Short

Economics: Faculty Scholarship & Creative Works

This paper examines the effect of a sharp rise in mortality, the 1918 influenza epidemic, on life insurance holdings in the U.S. The BLS Cost of Living Surveys of 1918-1919 provide a unique opportunity to examine the effect of the pandemic—some households were surveyed before, and others during or shortly after the worst of the influenza outbreak. In addition, I use state-level insurance sales data to compare the increase in spending on insurance in states particularly hard hit by the epidemic, relative to those that were not. I find some evidence that, in the immediate aftermath of the epidemic, those …

The Gettysburg Campaign, Carol Reardon

Civil War Era Studies Faculty Publications

The Battle of Gettysburg has inspired a more voluminous literature than any single event in American military history for at least three major reasons. First, after three days of fighting on July 1–3, 1863, General Robert E. Lee’s Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and Major General George G. Meade’s Army of the Potomac lost more than 51,000 dead, wounded, captured, and missing, making Gettysburg the costliest military engagement in North American history. Second, President Abraham Lincoln endowed Gettysburg with special distinction when he visited in November 1863 to dedicate the soldiers’ cemetery and delivered his immortal Gettysburg Address. Finally, Gettysburg …

Complicating The Narrative: Using Jim's Story To Interpret Enslavement, Leasing, And Resistance At Duke Homestead, Jennifer Melton

Theses and Dissertations

In the antebellum South, an enslaved person was more likely to be leased out than to be sold during his or her lifetime. Despite its ubiquity, leasing of enslaved people is rarely interpreted at historic sites and is not widely understood by the general public. In this project, I examine leasing and resistance to slavery in North Carolina through the lens of Jim, an enslaved man leased by Washington Duke at the property that is now Duke Homestead State Historic Site. While Duke is famous in North Carolina as founder of the American Tobacco Company, he was a yeoman tobacco …

Leaders In The Making: Higher Education, Student Activism, And The Black Freedom Struggle In South Carolina, 1925-1975, Ramon M. Jackson

Theses and Dissertations

Leaders in the Making examines the shifting political and social consciousness of African American college students in South Carolina and their reaction to and impact on the Black freedom struggle in the state between 1925 and 1975. Placing young people at the center of the story, this dissertation explains the process by which race leaders were cultivated, an effort that largely occurred in segregated public and private high schools and Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU). Black South Carolinians ingeniously transformed these symbols of racial inferiority into incubators of the post-World War Two generation of youth activists that dismantled Jim …

The Revolutionary Origins Of The Civil War, Gordon S. Wood

Northwestern University Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Grizzly, September 19, 2019, Kevin Leon, Samuel Chiche, Rosalia Murphy, Kim Corona, Colleen Murphy, Jenni Berrios, Daniel Walker, Elana Goldman, Gabriela Howell, Lauren Viola

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

Two Decades of Ursinus Fringe Festival • Professor Walvoord Wins First-Year Advising Award • Men's Golf Competes at Spartan Invitational • Shammah Bermudez Will Depart from Ursinus • Res Life Launches "It's On Me" Campaign • Wismer Feeds More than Ursinus Students • Opinion: Andrew Yang, Promising or Placebo?; Why Ursinus Could Use a Shuttle Bus System • Football Shoots Past Gettysburg • Thirteen in the Nation, One in Our Hearts