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Articles 931 - 960 of 19498
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Cloak And Dagger In Apalachicole Province In Early 1686, John H. Hann
Cloak And Dagger In Apalachicole Province In Early 1686, John H. Hann
Florida Historical Quarterly
Stories of espionage awake a certain interest by their very nature. The ones presented here provide the bonus of valuable insights into life in Apalachee and along the Chattahoochee River in 1685-86 in the wake of the arrivial of the first Englishmen in the settlements on that river. It was a turning point in the history of the peoples of those two regions. The spies were Yamasee whom Apalachee's deputy-governor left behind when he ended his second invasion of the Chattahoochee River towns early in 1686. Reports that British traders from the recently founded outpost of Charles Town were in …
The 1960 And 1964 Jacksonville Riots, Abel A. Bartley
The 1960 And 1964 Jacksonville Riots, Abel A. Bartley
Florida Historical Quarterly
As the 1950 ended and a new decade began, leaders of the civil rights movement grew impatient. Nearly six year had passed since the United State Supreme Court had laid the foundation for ending segregation. Nevertheless, for African Americans little had changed. Blacks continued to languish at the bottom of American society, systematically denied the legal protection afforded to even America's newest immigrants. Forced to endure second-rate educational and social services, southern blacks increased the pressure on policy makers.
The Florida Baptist Convention And Desegregation, Mark Newman
The Florida Baptist Convention And Desegregation, Mark Newman
Florida Historical Quarterly
Although the state's malapportioned Iegislature enabled defiant hard-line segregationists in rural north Florida to dominate the General Assembly until the late 1960s, Florida' governors pursued a moderate policy of tokenism and minimal compliance with federal desegregation initiatives in the late 1950s and 1960s. The Florida Baptist Convention, representing the largest white Protestant denomination in the state with 400,000 members, did not condemn Jim Crow until the mid-1960s, but by appealing to the primary commitments Southern Baptists held to law and order, peace, public education, and missions, it encouraged them to accept desegregation. Most Southern Baptist preferred segregation and some imbued …
Race And Civil War In South Florida, Irvin D. Solomon
Race And Civil War In South Florida, Irvin D. Solomon
Florida Historical Quarterly
Two Floridas shared one state in 1860, and the racial demographics and the mechanics of race relations differed significantly between the two regions. Most studies of slavery and race in Florida directly before and during the Civil War have dealt with the state’s more densely populated and economically developed northern plantation region. Race relations in antebellum and wartime South Florida have received relatively little attention. From the outbreak of the Civil War through the early years of Reconstruction, however, the issues of race, slavery, and freedom profoundly shaped events from Tampa to Key West, developments compounded by the extensive Union …
History News, Florida Historical Society
History News, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Calls for Papers/Conferences, Awards and Honors, Exhibitions and Fairs
Seeking The Sweet Spirit Of Harmony: Establishing A Spiritualist Community At Cassadaga, Florida, 1893-1933, John J. Guthrie, Jr.
Seeking The Sweet Spirit Of Harmony: Establishing A Spiritualist Community At Cassadaga, Florida, 1893-1933, John J. Guthrie, Jr.
Florida Historical Quarterly
In March of 1899, a prominent Spiritualist from Amelia, Ohio, J. Clegg Wright, sent a letter to a medium residing in Cassadaga, Florida. Wright informed Emma J. Huff that he planned to attend the following year’s Spiritualist convention in the Sunshine State. Congratulating her for having a “fairly good meeting this year,” he added: “It must be a hard region in which to sow the seed of progressive thought. The South Land is behind. It is cursed by the heel of old religion— a monstrous tyrant. He puts the eyes out of all his subjects.“1 Wright’s letter reveals much about …
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
THE INDIANS’ NEW SOUTH: CULTURAL CHANGE IN THE COLONIAL SOUTHEAST, by James Axtell, reviewed by Theda Perdue; “A ROGUE’S PARADISE”: CRIME AND PUNISHMENT IN ANTEBELLUM FLORIDA, 1821-1861, by James M. Denham, reviewed by Maxwell Bloomfield; BUILDING MARVELOUS MIAMI, by Nicholas N. Patricios, reviewed by Donald W. Curl; JOHN ELLIS: MERCHANT, MICROSCOPIST, NATURALIST, AND KING’S AGENT— A BIOLOGIST OF HIS TIMES, by Julius Groner and Paul F. S. Cornelius, reviewed by Roy A. Rauschenberg; “WHAT NATURE SUFFERS TO GROE”: LIFE, LABOR, AND LANDSCAPE ON THE GEORGIA COAST, 1680-1920, by Mart A. Stewart, reviewed by Jeffrey R. Young; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO …
Florida's Flying Minute Men: The Civil Air Patrol, 1941-1943, Thomas Reilly
Florida's Flying Minute Men: The Civil Air Patrol, 1941-1943, Thomas Reilly
Florida Historical Quarterly
As the United States teetered on the brink of war, many worried that the country was woefully unprepared to defend its own shores. Several prominent Americans developed the idea of a civilian defense force to patrol the offshore waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Gulf of Mexico. A committee headed by Gill Robb Wilson, National Aeronautic Association president and aviation editor for the New York Herald Tribune, presented a Civil Air Patrol (CAP) plan to Fiorello H. LaGuardia, director of the United States Civilian Defense, mayor of New York City, and World War I flyer. Unlike many …
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
A HISTORY OF FLORIDA THROUGH NEW WORLD MAPS: BORDERS OF PARADISE, reviewed by Meaghan N. Duff; THE BLACK SEMINOLES: HISTORY OF A FREEDOM-SEEKING PEOPLE, reviewed by Daniel C. Littlefield; BASEBALL IN FLORIDA, reviewed by Daniel Gilmartin; COMMITMENT TO A COMMUNITY: A HISTORY OF SACRED HEART HOSPITAL, reviewed by William M. Straight; CREOLES OF COLOR OF THE GULF SOUTH, reviewed by Gary B. Mills; JOHN STUART AND THE STRUGGLE FOR EMPIRE ON THE SOUTHERN FRONTIER, reviewed by Andrew Frank; THE STRENGTH OF A PEOPLE: THE IDEA OF AN INFORMED CITIZENRY IN AMERICA, 1650-1870, reviewed by Harlow Sheidley; SLAVERY, CAPITALISM, AND POLITICS …
The Power Of The Written Word And The Spoken Word In The Rise And Fall Of William Lee Popham, William Warren Rogers
The Power Of The Written Word And The Spoken Word In The Rise And Fall Of William Lee Popham, William Warren Rogers
Florida Historical Quarterly
William Lee Popham first came to the small fishing and lumbering town of Apalachicola in 1916. Seat of government for Franklin County in northwest Florida and located at the mouth of the Apalachicola River, the town had an aesthetic appeal. Equally important, it enjoyed strategic economic advantages. As a port opening to the Gulf of Mexico, antebellum Apalachicola imported manufactured goods and luxuries and shipped them by steamboats up the Apalachicola River and beyond. They went to individuals and businesses in north Florida, southwest Georgia, and southeast Alabama. In turn, Apalachicola received timber and agricultural products, especially cotton, from the …
Annual Meeting, Florida Historical Society
Annual Meeting, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Annual Meeting, The Florida Historical Society 95th Annual Meeting
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
THE FLORIDA KEYS: A HISTORY OF THE PIONEERS, by John Viele, reviewed by Rodney E. Dillon, Jr.; FATAL GLORY: NARCISO LOPEZ AND THE FIRST CLANDESTINE U.S. WAR AGAINST CUBA, by Tom Chaffin, reviewed by Antonio Rafael de la Cova; FROM WELCOMED EXILES TO ILLEGAL IMIMIGRANTS: CUBAN MIGRATION TO THE U.S., 1959-1995, by Felix Masud-Piloto, reviewed by Paul S. George; A CENTURY OF CUBAN WRITERS IN FLORIDA, edited by Carolina Hospital and Jorge Cantera, reviewed by Humberto López Cruz; THE PALEOINDIAN AND EARLY ARCHAIC SOUTHEAST, edited by David G. Anderson and Kenneth E. Sassaman, reviewed by Marion S. Gilliland; INTERPRETING EARLY …
Something More Than A Creed: Mary Mcleod Bethune's Aim Of Integrated Autonomy As Director Of Negro Affairs, Christopher E. Linsin
Something More Than A Creed: Mary Mcleod Bethune's Aim Of Integrated Autonomy As Director Of Negro Affairs, Christopher E. Linsin
Florida Historical Quarterly
Hard work and divine inspiration remained central aspects of Mary McLeod Bethune’s character throughout her life. A strong and consistent advocate of racial uplift through industrial education and hard work, Bethune embraced Booker T. Washington’s educational perspectives and his advocacy of racial pride and group solidarity. Also sympathetic toward the position held by Washington’s ideological nemesis, William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, Bethune embraced notions of racial empowerment by seeking both black social autonomy and full integration into the white economic community. Melding the philosophies of both Washington and Du Bois, Mary McLeod Bethune embraced an ideological position that sought to …
"Was I A Member Of Congress . . .": Zachary Taylor's Letter To John J. Crittenden, January 12, 1838, Concerning The Second Seminole War, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.
"Was I A Member Of Congress . . .": Zachary Taylor's Letter To John J. Crittenden, January 12, 1838, Concerning The Second Seminole War, Harry A. Kersey, Jr.
Florida Historical Quarterly
On January 12, 1838, Colonel Zachary Taylor penned a letter to his close friend and confidant Senator John J. Crittenden of Kentucky. Eighteen days earlier, on Christmas Day, 1837, Taylor’s command fought the largest and bloodiest pitched battle of the Second Seminole War at Lake Okeechobee. As he wrote from Fort Gardiner on the Kissimmee River, the army was preparing to extend its campaign even further inland.
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
THE NEW HISTORY OF FLORIDA, edited by Michael Gannon, reviewed by Thomas Graham; PIONEER FAMILY: LIFE ON FLORIDA’S TWENTIETH-CENTURY FRONTIER, by Michel Oesterreicher, reviewed by James M. Denham; HUGH ROBINSON: PIONEER AVIATOR, by George L. Vergara, reviewed by James A. Schnur; HAVANA USA: CUBAN EXILES AND CUBAN AMERICANS IN SOUTH FLORIDA, 1959-1994, by Maria Cristina Garcia, reviewed by Charles W. Arnade; THE SEARCH FOR THOMAS F. WARD, TEACHER OF FREDERICK DELIUS, by Don C. Gillespie, reviewed by Wiley L. Housewright; FIFTY YEARS OF SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGY: SELECTED WORKS OF JOHN W. GRIFFIN, edited by Patricia C. Griffin, reviewed by John H. …
History News, Florida Historical Society
History News, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
Awards and Honors, Call for Papers,
"We Could Have Sent The Old Barbarian Back To The Hermitage": Joseph M. White And Anti-Jacksonianism In Territorial Florida, 1821-1839, Ernest F. Dibble
"We Could Have Sent The Old Barbarian Back To The Hermitage": Joseph M. White And Anti-Jacksonianism In Territorial Florida, 1821-1839, Ernest F. Dibble
Florida Historical Quarterly
In early territorial Florida, two political groups emerged with allegiances to national presidential leaders. One group was led by Richard Keith Call and other friends of Andrew Jackson.1 The second was led by Joseph M. White, friend of James Monroe and the Adamses. As a symbol of these early antebellum allegiances, Andrew Jackson’s “cronies” in Florida occasionally visited Jackson’s home, the Hermitage, near Nashville, Tennessee. For similar reason, Joseph M. White journeyed to Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1831, to pay homage to his presidential circle by attending a Harvard commencement. Both John Quincy Adams and Charles Francis Adams thought it opportune …
Long Time Coming: Miami's Liberty City Riot Of 1968, Eric Tscheschlok
Long Time Coming: Miami's Liberty City Riot Of 1968, Eric Tscheschlok
Florida Historical Quarterly
In 1898, Josiah Strong predicted that “the problem of the twentieth century will be the city.” Five years later, W. E. B. Du Bois declared that “the problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color line.“1 The turbulent 1960s proved both men prophetic: from Newark to Los Angeles, the nation’s black communities erupted in violence and destruction. For much of the decade, Dade County, Florida escaped this pattern of violence. But in August 1968, as the Republican national convention took place in Miami Beach, the Miami ghetto community of Liberty City erupted into several days of rioting.
Hurston Goes To War: The Army Signal Corps In Saint Augustine, Gordon Patterson
Hurston Goes To War: The Army Signal Corps In Saint Augustine, Gordon Patterson
Florida Historical Quarterly
In the fall of 1942, Zora Neale Hurston returned to Saint Augustine. She had come to “this city because it [was] a quiet place to sit down and write.“1 By January 1943, she had moved to Daytona Beach. Her brief stay in Saint Augustine was eventful. She finished revising Dust Trucks on a Road and J. B. Lippincott published it in November. Simultaneously, Hurston and Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings established a “close friendship.“2 Hurston’s relations, however, were less cordial with William Gray, Jr., the newly appointed president of Florida Normal and Industrial Institute. She let it be known that she considered …
Demise Of The Pojoy And Bomto, John H. Hann
Demise Of The Pojoy And Bomto, John H. Hann
Florida Historical Quarterly
South-central Florida’s aboriginal inhabitants remain among the least known of Florida’s native peoples during the first Spanish period because Spaniards did not maintain a permanent presence among them. It is likely that a number of the region’s tribes disappeared without even their names having been recorded. That is true particularly of the peoples living in the interior beyond the southernmost missions and those living on or near the Gulf coast between Tampa Bay’s southern shore and the Caloosahatchee River. Some of those peoples began to appear fleetingly in Spanish records during the 1710-1740 period when attacks by Indians allied to …
Defending America By Aiding The Allies: The British Student Pilots At Arcadia And Clewiston, 1941-1945, Thomas D. Greenshaw
Defending America By Aiding The Allies: The British Student Pilots At Arcadia And Clewiston, 1941-1945, Thomas D. Greenshaw
Florida Historical Quarterly
Monday morning, June 8, 1941, 99 British citizens arrived at the Atlantic Coast Line depot in Arcadia, Florida. Although dressed in civilian clothes, all were members of the Royal Air Force destined for training as pilots in the United States before returning to defend king and country in the raging European war. It was a delicate situation. The United States was trying to aid Britain and her allies while maintaining its official neutrality.
A Botanical Mystery The Elusive Trail Of The Datil Pepper To St. Augustine, Jean Andrews
A Botanical Mystery The Elusive Trail Of The Datil Pepper To St. Augustine, Jean Andrews
Florida Historical Quarterly
Since December 1984, when Peppers: The Domesticated Capsicums was published, interest in growing and eating capsicums has increased dramatically. Prior to that publication, little attention had been given to the historical aspects of the genus Capsicum, which is comprised of all the green and red peppers (pimientos) in the world, but does not include its namesake black pepper (pimienta) or Piper nigrum, a native of India, and a much wanted item in the pre-Columbian spice trade. Five-hundred years ago, while Christopher Columbus was searching for a shorter route to India and the East Indies in order to break the Muslim …
Letters From Pensacola About Confederate Nitre Bureau Operations In Florida, Thomas S. Muir
Letters From Pensacola About Confederate Nitre Bureau Operations In Florida, Thomas S. Muir
Florida Historical Quarterly
The following letters dealing with the Confederate Nitre Bureau’s Florida operations were discovered in the T. T. Wentworth, Jr. Collection of the Historic Pensacola Preservation Board. Both letters deal with the subject of the foregoing article by Marion O. Smith. The second casts light on the Civil War activities of two prominent Pensacola citizens. Cox Chandler Yonge was a district attorney in Florida for the Confederate States of America. Augustus E. Maxwell, who had once represented Florida in the U.S. House of Representatives, was a Confederate Senator.
The Order Of The Holy Spirit: An Important Decoration From A 1715 Plate Fleet Wreck, John Debry
The Order Of The Holy Spirit: An Important Decoration From A 1715 Plate Fleet Wreck, John Debry
Florida Historical Quarterly
From the early sixteenth to middle eighteenth centuries, the Flota System was Spain’s lifeline to the riches of the Americas. Two fleets traveled more or less annually between Spain and the Americas; the squadron of Tierra Firme from Spain to South America, and the Flota de Nueva España toward Veracruz, Mexico. On the return voyage, the two fleets would often sail together for added safety and protection. The return voyage was more dangerous. The galleons were fully loaded with precious cargoes of gold, silver, jewelry, tobacco, spices, indigo, cochineal, leather, and other New World products. The crews were tired and …
From A Territorial To A State Judiciary: Florida's Antebellum Courts And Judges, James M. Denham
From A Territorial To A State Judiciary: Florida's Antebellum Courts And Judges, James M. Denham
Florida Historical Quarterly
When the United States received Florida from Spain in 1821, one of the most obvious tools of instituting federal authority was the establishment of the American system of jurisprudence on the Florida frontier. Soon plans were under way to establish courts. During its territorial period (1821-1845) the national government in Washington provided Florida with its judicial officers. Presidents Monroe, Adams, Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison, Tyler, and Polk served in the White House and each appointed federal judges, district attorneys, and marshals for the judicial districts. In 1822 Congress divided the territory at the Suwannee River into two judicial districts. Superior …
The Florida Crisis Of 1826-1827 And The Second Seminole War, Canter Brown, Jr.
The Florida Crisis Of 1826-1827 And The Second Seminole War, Canter Brown, Jr.
Florida Historical Quarterly
The Second Seminole War comprised the single most significant event of Florida’s territorial period. Lasting from December 1835 to August 1842, the contest produced results and influences that reverberated through generations. Among other considerations, its violence reached into the fabric of society to exacerbate racial, ethnic, and regional divisions and to mark patterns of behavior and race relations. The struggle provided context for the clashes that characterized the drive toward statehood. It witnessed the birth and evolution of area Democratic and Whig parties. Additionally, the war brought to Florida a bounty of federal government expenditures and internal improvements, while dictating …
In The Shadow Of Jackson: Uriah Blue's Expedition Into West Florida, Brian R. Rucker
In The Shadow Of Jackson: Uriah Blue's Expedition Into West Florida, Brian R. Rucker
Florida Historical Quarterly
Students of Florida history are well acquainted with General Andrew Jackson’s controversial invasions of Spanish Florida in 1814 and 1818. But what is not as well known is a related military expedition, that of Major Uriah Blue who led approximately 1,000 American forces into Spanish West Florida between December 1814 and January 1815. Andrew Jackson’s concurrent, and famous, battle with the British at New Orleans overshadowed Blue’s expedition. Yet, Blue’s troops played an integral part in Jackson’s overall plan. Both the expedition’s successes and failures affected future American-Spanish relations, for Jackson would reinvade Florida several years later to fight the …
Aid Societies Were Not Alike: Northern Teachers In Post-Civil War Florida, John T. Foster, Jr.
Aid Societies Were Not Alike: Northern Teachers In Post-Civil War Florida, John T. Foster, Jr.
Florida Historical Quarterly
Northern teachers in the South during the Civil War and Reconstruction have been the subject of various studies.1 This literature emphasizes the origins and development of the aid societies that sponsored the teachers, and it focuses upon major figures who shaped educational policy. At the same time, little attention details the activities of early northern teachers in Florida within the context of developments in other places. Florida’s experience varies from other parts of the South, and it offers, by contrast, a fresh perspective on the regional experience. Ansel Eddy Kinne’s career provides an opportunity for understanding aid societies. From early …
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society
Florida Historical Quarterly
PREHISTORIC PEOPLES OF SOUTH FLORIDA, by William E. McGoun, reviewed by Randolph J. Widmer; JUAN PONCE DE LEÓ N, KING FERDINAND, AND THE FOUNTAIN OF YOUTH, by Anthony Q. Devereux, reviewed by William F. Keegan; ARROWHEADS AND SPEAR POINTS IN THE PREHISTORIC SOUTHEAST: A GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL ARTIFACTS, by Linda Crawford Culberson, reviewed by Robert J. Austin; To THE GOLDEN CITIES: PURSUING THE AMERICAN JEWISH DREAM IN MIAMI AND L.A., by Deborah Dash Moore, reviewed by Stephen J. Whitfield; LETTERS OF DELEGATES TO CONGRESS, 1774-1789: VOLUME 20, MARCH 13-SEPTEMBER 30, 1783, edited by Paul H. Smith, Gerald W. Gawalt, …
Civil Rights Leader Harry T. Moore And The Ku Klux Klan In Florida, James C. Clark
Civil Rights Leader Harry T. Moore And The Ku Klux Klan In Florida, James C. Clark
Florida Historical Quarterly
On Christmas night 1951 Harry Tyson Moore became the first civil rights leader assassinated in the United States when a bomb placed beneath the bedroom of his small frame home in Mims, Florida, exploded. It killed Moore and his wife Harriett. For many years Moore had been an ambitious fighter for civil rights in Florida. He led the first effort in Florida to achieve equal pay for black teachers, organized the state’s first black voter registration drives, established the first state conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and spoke up when law enforcement officials …