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Toward An Environmental History Of The First Great Awakening, David Blakely May 2022

Toward An Environmental History Of The First Great Awakening, David Blakely

History Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity

The events that came to be known as “The First Great Awakening” began in the wake of Enlightenment ideas that emphasized secular rationalism. Among Christian leaders in the British colonies in North America there was a general perception that passion for religion had grown stale. Itinerant Christian preachers began to travel from town to town and organize large outdoor meetings where they preached forcefully about each individual’s responsibility for their salvation from sin. Many of these revival meetings included spontaneous outbursts of religious fervor from members of the crowd that took the form of shouting, weeping, speaking in tongues, dancing, …

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The Hidden Power Of Images: An Allegory Of Chaos And Performance In The Digital Age, Livia Xandersmith May 2022

The Hidden Power Of Images: An Allegory Of Chaos And Performance In The Digital Age, Livia Xandersmith

MFA in Visual Art

Within this text, I explore the hidden power of images in American visual culture through painting-based installations. I investigate images of the past and present juxtaposed in a surrealist landscape. Through the use of images in the news, entertainment, advertising, and images within the home, I depict how the problems of the past bleed into our perceptions of the present. I find that this cycle of problem inheritance connects us as humans regardless of time, generation, and place. In my work, I explore the complexity of image culture and its shifting presence within the digital age. Using surrealist collage, I …

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Character Traits Strategic Leaders Need, Tami Davis Biddle May 2022

Character Traits Strategic Leaders Need, Tami Davis Biddle

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Strategic leaders must possess a range of skills to work successfully in complex environments. To use those skills to best effect, they rely on character traits that enhance the likelihood of their effectiveness as leaders and maximize their success when working in teams. Certain elements of character facilitate work in demanding settings that rely heavily on communication, integration, and cooperation. Programs designed to educate senior leaders must help future national security professionals identify these traits and then practice and hone them. Highlighting individuals with challenging roles in World War II, this essay analyzes the qualities of character that enabled them …

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Strengthen Arctic Governance To Stop Russian And Chinese Overreach, Mark T. Vicik May 2022

Strengthen Arctic Governance To Stop Russian And Chinese Overreach, Mark T. Vicik

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This article argues shortfalls in the international institutions governing the Arctic have allowed Russia and China to expand control over the region. It provides an overview of regional governance and power dynamics, outlines a three-part approach to correcting deficiencies, highlights attempts by Russia and China to circumvent international governance, examines how the Arctic’s governing institutions address Russian and Chinese growth in the region, and focuses on the institutional failures that have allowed Russia and China to expand—failures academic scholarship and US policy have not adequately addressed. Practitioners will find specific steps for rectifying issues with Arctic institutions to support the …

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Putin’S Invasion Of Ukraine In 2022: Implications For Strategic Studies, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii May 2022

Putin’S Invasion Of Ukraine In 2022: Implications For Strategic Studies, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This special commentary examines critical issues for the field of strategic studies raised by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, including the waning of major war, strategic coercion, and “War Amongst the People.” Drawing on previous scholarship and current events, this commentary considers the questions raised by the first major war of the twenty-first century. It provides recommendations for scholars and senior leaders on how to work together to address the questions of strategy and policy that have and continue to arise as the war progresses.

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Defining And Deterring Faits Accomplis, Brandon Colas May 2022

Defining And Deterring Faits Accomplis, Brandon Colas

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This article describes faits accomplis—how states attempt to seize disputed territory using military force, hoping to avoid war in the process—and offers suggestions for how to deter them. Since 1945, faits accomplis have become the most common means by which states attempt to take over territory, even though they frequently result in armed conflict. US deterrent efforts, however, often focus on stopping invasions, not limited land grabs. This study combines the traditional literature on deterrence with Dan Altman’s recent research on faits accomplis to suggest Department of Defense leaders should frame territorial disputes as a real estate market they can …

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Tomorrow’S Wars And The Media, Alexander G. Lovelace May 2022

Tomorrow’S Wars And The Media, Alexander G. Lovelace

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Distilling lessons from the author’s book, The Media Offensive: How the Press and Public Opinion Shaped Allied Strategy during World War II, this article provides applicable suggestions for the US military today. As in World War II, the press is both a weapon and a possible vulnerability in modern warfare. Consequently, this article offers practical suggestions for how the press can be used by public affairs officers, commanders, and policymakers to achieve victory in coming conflicts.

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Infoswarms: Drone Swarms And Information Warfare, Zachary Kallenborn May 2022

Infoswarms: Drone Swarms And Information Warfare, Zachary Kallenborn

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Drone swarms, which can be used at sea, on land, in the air, and even in space, are fundamentally information-dependent weapons. No study to date has examined drone swarms in the context of information warfare writ large. This article explores the dependence of these swarms on information and the resultant connections with areas of information warfare—electronic, cyber, space, and psychological—drawing on open-source research and qualitative reasoning. Overall, the article offers insights into how this important emerging technology fits into the broader defense ecosystem and outlines practical approaches to strengthening related information warfare capabilities.

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Economic Statecraft And Us-Russian Policy, Ryan J. Orsini May 2022

Economic Statecraft And Us-Russian Policy, Ryan J. Orsini

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This article assesses the American-Russian economic relationship, identifying how Russia exploits strategic asymmetries to gain advantage in the space below armed conflict and how the United States can modernize its economic statecraft. It draws upon a wide range of comparative research, from US-Russian military thought to the American-Eurasian economic interrelationship, to evaluate the full range of economic statecraft within a single dyad of countries in the context of coercion theory. This analysis will assist American policymakers in reforming priorities and processes according to principles of economic statecraft to sustain ongoing American coercion and set conditions for advantage upon the return …

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Saving Salt City: Fighting Inequality Through Policy And Activism In Syracuse, Ny, 1955-1975, Scarlett Nicole Rebman May 2022

Saving Salt City: Fighting Inequality Through Policy And Activism In Syracuse, Ny, 1955-1975, Scarlett Nicole Rebman

Dissertations - ALL

"Saving Salt City: Fighting Inequality through Policy and Activism in Syracuse, NY, 1955-1975" offers an in-depth exploration of civil rights and antipoverty struggles in the Salt City between 1955 and 1975. It centers the agency of activists who built interracial and cross-class organizations through which they contested the marginalization and segregation of Black Syracusans. By examining the struggles around major issues including education, housing, police brutality, employment, and a broader vision of economic justice, "Saving Salt City" documents the alternative visions and unrealized agendas for change generated by citizens in Northern urban spaces. This project recovers Syracuse's legacy as a …

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Isocrates's Place In Postmodern Advertising, Christopher Barkley May 2022

Isocrates's Place In Postmodern Advertising, Christopher Barkley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study in communication and rhetoric seeks to ascertain constructive applications for distinct advertising practices by examining Isocrates’s work and place in postmodern advertising. The focus uses 5 principles known to Isocrates which are: 1) commonwealths of households, 2) integration of reputation, elegance, substance and style, 3) education and public discourse, 4) phronesis and praxis, and 5) truth and verisimilitude. These 5 principles can form a constructive and practical advertising approach. This study is important. It examines Isocrates through the lens of advertising and extends the research done about him by leading Isocrates scholars who have looked primarily at his …

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Mercy Otis Warren’S Marcia(S) And Cornelia(S): A Case Study In Women’S Internalization Of Classicism In Early America, Brittany Ellis May 2022

Mercy Otis Warren’S Marcia(S) And Cornelia(S): A Case Study In Women’S Internalization Of Classicism In Early America, Brittany Ellis

Honors Theses

The connection between people in early America and classicism is a field of study that has been heavily documented, although it has remained a very male-focused field with little research done about how women in early America formed a relationship with antiquity. This thesis reveals that elite white women had a deep emotional and intellectual attachment with mothers and matrons from ancient Greece and Rome as a basis for expressing political thoughts and identity; classicism formed a common language that many women could relate to each other before, during, and after the American Revolution. This assessment is achieved through a …

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The Gulf Coast Fish Cheer: Radicalism And The Underground Press In Pensacola, Florida, 1970-1971, Christopher Satterwhite May 2022

The Gulf Coast Fish Cheer: Radicalism And The Underground Press In Pensacola, Florida, 1970-1971, Christopher Satterwhite

Florida Historical Quarterly

By the end of the 1960s the underground press in the United States had grown exponentially from five publications in 1965 to hundreds by the end of the decade with a "combined readership that stretched into the millions."1 As the underground press movement flourished throughout the counterculture, this new radical media spread from college campuses to military towns across the country. By 1971, Pensacola, Florida, had joined a growing number of American cities with an underground newspaper. That paper was the Gulf Coast Fish Cheer.

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To Conquer The Coast: Pensacola, The Gulf Of Mexico, And The Construction Of American Imperialism, 1820-1848, Maria Angela Diaz May 2022

To Conquer The Coast: Pensacola, The Gulf Of Mexico, And The Construction Of American Imperialism, 1820-1848, Maria Angela Diaz

Florida Historical Quarterly

Americans' dreams of empire appeared to become reality when the United States gained control over Florida in 1821. Yet although the U.S. controlled a significant portion of the Gulf Coast, the nation remained one among many foreign powers vying for dominance in the region, a fact that raised concerns about future expansion in the minds of many. As of 1821 the U.S. shared the coastline with a newly independent Mexico. At the same time, France, Britain, and Spain remained active in both the Gulf and the Caribbean.1 The combination of new republics and old colonial powers shaped the nature of …

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Florida History In Publications, 2015, Florida Historical Society May 2022

Florida History In Publications, 2015, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society May 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Cartwright, Sacral Groves, Limbo Gateways: Travel in Deep Southern Time, Circum-Caribbean Space, Afro-creole Authority. by Caryn Cosse Bell; Moss, Seeking the Historical Cook: Exploring Eighteenth-Century Southern Foodways. by Autumn L. Reisz; Pressly, On the Rim of the Caribbean: Colonial Georgia and the British Atlantic World. by Ben Marsh; DuVal, Independence Lost: Lives on the Edge of the American Revolution. by J. Barton Starr; Denham, Florida Founder William P. DuVal: Frontier Bon Vivant. by C. S. Monaco; Thomas and Ashton, eds., The South Carolina Roots of African American Thought: A Reader. by David C. Dennard; Meier, Nature's Civil War: Common Soldiers …

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Abiaka, Or Sam Jones, In Context: The Mikasuki Ethnogenesis Through The Third Seminole War, Patsy West May 2022

Abiaka, Or Sam Jones, In Context: The Mikasuki Ethnogenesis Through The Third Seminole War, Patsy West

Florida Historical Quarterly

The general flight path to Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport gives a clear aerial view of two major elements of this story. First is a direct flyover of the Pine Island Complex, a prominent greenspace that was the two-and-a-half-mile-long habitation island of Abiaka, or Sam Jones, and his Mikasuki people. During the Second Seminole War, the island was often referred to as Sam Jones' "stronghold," used by Jones and his Mikasuki leaders until the last year of the conflict.

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Currency, Credit, Crisis, And Cuba: The Fed's Early History In Florida, Lesley Mace May 2022

Currency, Credit, Crisis, And Cuba: The Fed's Early History In Florida, Lesley Mace

Florida Historical Quarterly

In the early years of the Federal Reserve System, two crises-one in Cuba, the other in Florida-and their resolution tactics provided a potential blueprint for dealing with the national banking crisis that developed after the 1929 stock market crash. The story of that lost opportunity begins with the organization of the Federal Reserve System and the Reserve Banks in the South. After President Woodrow Wilson signed the new Federal Reserve Act into law at the end of 1913, the first task for the-Reserve Bank Organization Committee was to choose the locations of what were known as the "Federal Reserve cities" …

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Reconstituting Power In An American Borderland: Political Change In Colonial East Florida, Nancy O. Gallman May 2022

Reconstituting Power In An American Borderland: Political Change In Colonial East Florida, Nancy O. Gallman

Florida Historical Quarterly

On his 10,000-acre plantation along the St. Johns River, Francis Philip Fatio had much to claim. With the labor of more than eighty slaves, Fatio and his partner investors established a thriving plantation in former Native territory soon after they arrived in British East Florida in 1771. Named in honor of his homeland, Fatio's "New Switzerland" plantation excelled in the production of timber, cattle, citrus fruits, and naval stores.1 Historians once suggested that lasting only twenty-one years, East Florida's British period was too brief to have much impact on the development of the colony: "too short for the roots to …

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Sucking, Blood, And Fire: Timucuan Healing Practices In Spanish Florida, Tamara Shircliff Spike May 2022

Sucking, Blood, And Fire: Timucuan Healing Practices In Spanish Florida, Tamara Shircliff Spike

Florida Historical Quarterly

As a colonial holding, Spanish Florida was a provincial backwater. It was located on the periphery of empire and parsely settled. Spain spent comparatively little time and effort developing the infrastructure of the colony.1 However, it is for these very reasons that Florida reflects to a magnified degree a problem in mission fields throughout the Americas during the colonial period: how to combat disease in the mission populations while still working to extirpate Native practices seen as anti-doctrinal. Descriptions of healing rituals by Franciscan friars and other Europeans offer tremendous insight into how the Timucuans of Spanish Florida viewed their …

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society May 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Balsera and May, eds., La Florida: Five Hundred Years of Hispanic Presence. by Erin W. Stone; Little, The Origins of Southern Evangelicalism: Religious Revivalism in the South Carolina Lowcountry, 1670-1760. by Edward Bond; Murray, The Charleston Orphan House: Children's Lives in the First Public Orphanage in America. by Monique Bourque; Gleeson, The Green and the Gray: The Irish in the Confederate States of America. by Ian Delahanty; Harris and Berry, eds., Slavery and Freedom in Savannah. by Michael Benjamin; Monroe, Mary Ann Carroll, First Lady of the Highwaymen. by Paul S. George; Dorsey, Fourth Down in Dunbar. by Richard C. …

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Florida History In Publications, 2014, Florida Historical Society May 2022

Florida History In Publications, 2014, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.

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Swaim Family Papers: Civil War Reports And Letters Of Recommendation For A Carpetbagger, John T. Foster, Jr. May 2022

Swaim Family Papers: Civil War Reports And Letters Of Recommendation For A Carpetbagger, John T. Foster, Jr.

Florida Historical Quarterly

Yankee families became involved in Florida during the Civil War and in the Reconstruction. For example, the family of the American merchant John Jacob Astor owned a tiny railroad that connected Tocoi on the St.Johns River with St. Augustine; they later sold it to New York industrialist and founder of Standard Oil, Henry Flagler. The family of New York-born writer Henry James invested in a cotton plantation in Alachua County. Best known perhaps is Harriet Beecher Stowe's orange grove in Mandarin where she and her family wintered for seventeen years. The origins of these ventures remained largely unexplored as Florida …

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society May 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Wright and Henry, eds., Early and Middle Woodland Landscapes of the Southeast. by Ramie A. Gougeon; Shaw, Everyday Life in the Early English Caribbean: Irish, Africans, and the Construction of Difference. by James Robertson; Blackett, Making Freedom: The Underground Railroad and the Politics of Slavery. by John Craig Hammond; Graham, Mr. Ragler's St. Augustine. by Henry Knight Lozano; Waters and Waters, The Kidnapping and Murder of Little Skeegie Cash: J. Edgar Hoover and Florida's Lindbergh Case. by Douglas M. Charles; Feldman, The Irony of the Solid South: Democrats, Republicans, and Race, 1865-1944. by Christopher Childers; Colley, Ain't Scared of Your …

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Slanders And Sodomy: Studying The Past Through Colonial Crime Investigation, James G. Cusick May 2022

Slanders And Sodomy: Studying The Past Through Colonial Crime Investigation, James G. Cusick

Florida Historical Quarterly

Between 1784 and 1821, Spanish officials in St. Augustine regularly launched investigations into crime, covering cases that included slander, theft, burglary, assault, wounding, murder, and sex crimes, as well as specifically military offenses, like desertion. The records of their detective work are contained in the criminal court proceedings of the East Florida Papers, a well-preserved archive of what might be called C-CSI (or colonial crime scene investigation). In contrast to surviving records from earlier parts of the colonial period, which overwhelmingly describe highlevel crimes against Church and Crown such as heresy, piracy, and revolt, the cases in the East Florida …

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Mayhem And Murder In The East Florida Frontier 1783-1789, Diane Boucher May 2022

Mayhem And Murder In The East Florida Frontier 1783-1789, Diane Boucher

Florida Historical Quarterly

Historians of late eighteenth-century Florida usually distinguish between the British period (1763-1783) and the second Spanish period (1783-1821), a distinction that sometimes obscures the permanence of inhabitants interacting in the region. U.S. historians tend to view Florida history within the context of national politics and the inevitable U.S. acquisition of the territory, a perspective that underplays the importance of the region to frontier and Atlantic world history and minimizes the interpretation that throughout the British and Spanish periods (1763-1821) East Florida was embroiled in regional and Atlantic conflicts. More recently, historians have re-envisioned East Florida history as a sustained struggle …

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"Cast Away Off The Bar": The Archaeological Investigation Of British Period Shipwrecks In St. Augustine, Chuck Meide May 2022

"Cast Away Off The Bar": The Archaeological Investigation Of British Period Shipwrecks In St. Augustine, Chuck Meide

Florida Historical Quarterly

Although the first underwater archaeological investigations in St. Augustine waters were conducted in the late 1970s, the first extensive, research-oriented archaeological survey seeking to discover and study historic shipwreck sites in the area took place in 1995.1 This project used a marine magnetometer deployed from a research vessel to search an area encompassing the estimated location of the historic inlet to St. Augustine, a notorious but unavoidable hazard for shipping to and from the colonial capital.2 This survey was conducted by a non-profit research organization known as Southern Oceans Archaeological Research (SOAR), and led to the discovery of a number …

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James Grant, British East Florida, And The Impending Imperial Crisis, 1764-1771, Susan Schwartz May 2022

James Grant, British East Florida, And The Impending Imperial Crisis, 1764-1771, Susan Schwartz

Florida Historical Quarterly

When newly appointed governor James Grant arrived in St. Augustine on August 29, 1764, the tiny population greeted him with all the pomp and circumstance they could muster.1 A few weeks later, attended with "all due Solemnity" by the members of the Governor's Council, civil and military officials, and "many other Gentlemen of Distinction," Grant took his oaths of office.2 As Grant thanked his subjects for their deferential welcome, he was unaware that he had entered into the beginnings of a political morassan imperial crisis that would culminate in the separation of the American mainland colonies from Great Britain. In …

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The Historiography Of Eighteenth-Century Florida, Sherry Johnson May 2022

The Historiography Of Eighteenth-Century Florida, Sherry Johnson

Florida Historical Quarterly

Florida is the neglected stepchild of Spain's American empire, wrote Carl L. Swanson in his introduction to the reprint of Joyce Harman's Trade and Privateering in Spanish Florida, 1732-1763.1 Written in 2004, Swanson's observation decrying the limited number of books that dealt with early Florida was not too far from the mark. Like Jane Landers'observation on the difficulty in placing Florida into one historical tradition or another, such statements underscore the obstacles in crafting a cohesive article that overcomes the problems not encountered in writing historiographical essays for the other centuries of La Florida.2 The challenges begin when one realizes …

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Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society May 2022

Book Reviews, Florida Historical Society

Florida Historical Quarterly

Brinkmann, Florida Sinkholes: Science and Policy. by Christopher F. Meindl; Bonner and Pennington, eds., The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture. Volume 21: Art and Architecture. by Christine Madrid French; Stern, Southern Crucifix, Southern Cross: Catholic-Protestant Relations in the Old South. by Robert H. Craig; Gallagher and Shelden, eds., A Political Nation: New Directions in Mid-Nineteenth-Century American Political History. by Grant R. Brodrecht; Gillespie, Katharine and R.J. Reynolds: Partners of Fortune in the Making of the New-South. by J. Vincent Lowery; Cassanello, To Render Invisible: Jim Crow and Public Life in New South Jacksonville. by Tom Hanchett; Knowles, Long Key: Flagler's …

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