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United States History

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Articles 1831 - 1860 of 19673

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The History Of Congressional Apportionment, Charles M. Biles Jan 2021

The History Of Congressional Apportionment, Charles M. Biles

Trade & Scholarly Monographs

NEW REVISED SECOND EDITION.

The Congressional apportionment problem is deceptively easy to state: How many seats in the U. S. House of Representatives does each state get? To answer that question, Charles Biles, award-winning Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at Humboldt State University, examines the math and politics that has shaped government and power from the founding of the country to the modern day.

Employing an interdisciplinary approach that stems from his research in mathematical modeling and the modeling of natural resource systems, Biles tells a flowing evolutionary tale of how slight changes in calculating apportionment has wrought massive shifts in …


Cannot Afford To Publicly Surrender: The Public's Influence On Ronald Reagan's Strategic Relationship With South Africa, Jessica P. Forsee Jan 2021

Cannot Afford To Publicly Surrender: The Public's Influence On Ronald Reagan's Strategic Relationship With South Africa, Jessica P. Forsee

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Reagan’s administration used the policy of constructive engagement to bring gradual reform to the apartheid system and build peace in the southern African region. The coordination of anti-apartheid activist organizations and members advocating for harsher economic pressure on South Africa successfully raised US public awareness and shifted public opinion against constructive engagement’s gradualist policies. As a result, leading Reagan staffers like Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs Chester Crocker recalibrated constructive engagement’s focus to quicken regional peacebuilding maintain stability and control of US foreign policy in the public eye. This thesis analyzes the early influences on constructive engagement and …


Strange Fruit: The Forgotten Lynchings Of Northwest Tennessee And Southwestern Kentucky, 1869-1931, Melinda Meador Jan 2021

Strange Fruit: The Forgotten Lynchings Of Northwest Tennessee And Southwestern Kentucky, 1869-1931, Melinda Meador

Murray State Theses and Dissertations

In the 50 years between 1869 and 1918, 50 African Americans were lynched in a sparsely populated three-county area, far removed from the Cotton Belt and outside the ambit of the Tobacco Black Patch, along the state line in northwest Tennessee and southwestern Kentucky. The characteristics of lynchings identified in previous studies have little relevance to the lynchings carried out in this three-county area where the African American population seldom exceeded twenty percent of the overall population. Unlike the Deep South, the practice appears not to have been driven by socio-economic and political factors but primarily by a lust for …


The New Monumental Era: Daniel Webster And The Commemoration Of Compromise In The Age Of Disunion, 1853-1865, Michael James Larmann Jan 2021

The New Monumental Era: Daniel Webster And The Commemoration Of Compromise In The Age Of Disunion, 1853-1865, Michael James Larmann

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Professional Paper 1:

This professional paper is an in-depth analysis of a statue of Daniel Webster erected in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1859. Daniel Webster was a congressman for Massachusetts who became a controversial figure after he spoke in support of the Fugitive Slave Law as part of the Compromise of 1850. This paper analyzes the Daniel Webster statue and argues that the fractured politics of Union politicized public commemoration in the late antebellum period after the Compromise of 1850. This paper furthermore analyzes one of the first debates surrounding the public commemoration of a controversial historical actor with close ties …


The Road To Self-Support: Vocational Rehabilitation And The Associational State, 1917-1945, William Jared Norwood Jan 2021

The Road To Self-Support: Vocational Rehabilitation And The Associational State, 1917-1945, William Jared Norwood

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

“The Road to Self-Support: Vocational Rehabilitation and the Associational State, 1917-1945” traces the origins and development of the Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation (CVR) program from its inception in 1920 until the conclusion of the Second World War. Rapid industrialization and the fallout of the First World War handed the nation a large amount of people with disabilities, which drew on already strained state and local welfare relief. The project examines the interwar period and finds it to be a battleground of differing governing strategies over how best to solve America’s growing level of disabled workers. The project argues that policymakers settled …


Editor’S Remarks Jan 2021

Editor’S Remarks

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

Editor’s Remarks

James S. Humphreys


The Confederate Surrender At Tiptonville And The Conclusion Of The Island No. 10 Campaign Jan 2021

The Confederate Surrender At Tiptonville And The Conclusion Of The Island No. 10 Campaign

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

The Confederate Surrender at Tiptonville and the Conclusion of the Island No. 10 Campaign

Dieter C. Ullrich


Memories From The Great War: An Analysis Of Jackson Purchase Veteran’S Changes In Perspective Since 1914 Jan 2021

Memories From The Great War: An Analysis Of Jackson Purchase Veteran’S Changes In Perspective Since 1914

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

Memories From the Great War: An Analysis of Jackson Purchase Veteran’s Changes in Perspective Since 1914

David J. Wallace


Forgotten Heroes Of World War I: Pfc. Preston W. Rushing And The 105th Field Signal Battalion Jan 2021

Forgotten Heroes Of World War I: Pfc. Preston W. Rushing And The 105th Field Signal Battalion

Jackson Purchase Historical Society Journal Archive

Forgotten Heroes of World War I: Pfc. Preston W. Rushing and the 105th Field Signal Battalion

Alice-Catherine Carls


Changing Representations Of The Second World War: Why We Fight, Victory At Sea, And The World At War, Maiah Vorce Jan 2021

Changing Representations Of The Second World War: Why We Fight, Victory At Sea, And The World At War, Maiah Vorce

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.


Model Minorities: Asian Americans And The White-Black Racial Paradigm, Jason Tom Dec 2020

Model Minorities: Asian Americans And The White-Black Racial Paradigm, Jason Tom

Theses and Dissertations

This paper examines the racial wedge driven by Whites between Blacks and Asian Americans during the Cold War on to the present. Model minorities is a term coined by whites in the 1960s to suppress Civil Rights protests and Black demands. By elevating a minority group through success stories, whites constructed a means to suppress Black people’s organizing for change against systemic racism and oppression.


Religion And Rural Internationalism In The Nineteenth-Century Middle West: The Global Consciousness Of Rural Dutch Middle Westerners,1865–1901, Andrew Klumpp Dec 2020

Religion And Rural Internationalism In The Nineteenth-Century Middle West: The Global Consciousness Of Rural Dutch Middle Westerners,1865–1901, Andrew Klumpp

Religious Studies Theses and Dissertations

This project asks: How did underlying religious worldviews inform the local, national, and global engagement of rural middle western Dutch communities in the nineteenth century, which are often characterized as isolated and provincial? More broadly, it queries, if the local, national, and global are united by this broad religious worldview, how does that transform our understandings of rural middle western ethnic enclaves and who contributed to the rich internationalism of the nineteenth century and from where?

Close examination of these rural middle western ethnic enclaves reveals not only an ambitious vision for building local institutions but also for extending Dutch …


Wetland To Wasteland, Plantation To Plant: The Visual Legacy Of Plantations In The South Louisiana Landscape Of Environmental Justice, Ella Mcintire Dec 2020

Wetland To Wasteland, Plantation To Plant: The Visual Legacy Of Plantations In The South Louisiana Landscape Of Environmental Justice, Ella Mcintire

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The Southeast Louisiana landscape sits at the intersection of a number of environmental and humanitarian crises. Violence against man and land endemic to the Plantation Era development of the Lower Mississippi laid the foundation for modern issues of coastal land loss, habitat destruction, pollution, environmental racism, and displacement. Land-use patterns of the Plantation economy made the region optimal for petrochemical processing, turning wetland to wasteland, and plantation to plant. The exhibit Climates of Inequality: Standing Up On River Road uses photography, cinematography, 360-video, and soundscapes to explore the dialogic relationship between fragile natural spaces in southern Louisiana and the historically …


Archivo Historico De La Secretaria De Relaciones Exteriores L_E_1095, Secretaria De Relaciones Exteriores Dec 2020

Archivo Historico De La Secretaria De Relaciones Exteriores L_E_1095, Secretaria De Relaciones Exteriores

La Guerra de Texas y La Guerra Mexico - Estados Unidos

Efforts for peace, treaties, and covenants, to return national and private property after the evacuation of the country by U.S. forces. The Minister of War communicates news from Sonora regarding the passing of a caravan that goes to California. p. 1-2.

U.S. forces take possession of Isleta, Socorro and S. Elzeario; Chihuahua protests the U.S. occupation. p. 2a-68.

The government refuses the declaration of the Republic of Sierra, formed from northern Border States and mainly instigated by Americans. p. 69-93.

The Governor of Chihuahua worries about buffalo hunters crossing into and inhabiting the territory. p. 94-98.

Nathan Clifford, Minister from …


The Defences Of The Floridas: Report Of Captain James Gadsden, Aide-De-Camp To General Andrew Jackson, James Gadsden Dec 2020

The Defences Of The Floridas: Report Of Captain James Gadsden, Aide-De-Camp To General Andrew Jackson, James Gadsden

Florida Historical Quarterly

This report was secured by Dr. Mark F. Boyd, whom readers of the Quarterly know well, from the original in the files of the Intelligence Division, Engineers Corps, War Dept. Washington. In an early issue of the Quarterly Dr. Boyd will give us a paper on the so-called Negro Fort which will be an introduction to a series of letters written near the site of the fort by Edmund Doyle, trader and representative of John Forbes and Company (successors to Panton, Leslie and Company) to Forbes, and James and John Innerarity, members of that firm (1808-1817).


Two Uncollected Letters Of Andrew Jackson, Andrew Jackson Dec 2020

Two Uncollected Letters Of Andrew Jackson, Andrew Jackson

Florida Historical Quarterly

The above letter has been presented to The Florida Historical Society by Miss Gertrude N. L’Engle, a grand daughter of Thomas Baltzell, law partner of Joseph M. White to whom it was written.


Public Education In Spanish St. Augustine, Joseph B. Lockey Dec 2020

Public Education In Spanish St. Augustine, Joseph B. Lockey

Florida Historical Quarterly

A school for white children existed in St. Augustine as early as 1606. Whether it continued to function during the rest of this first period of Spanish dominion is a question that cannot now be answered. But if it did survive, it must have come to a close on the cession of the province to the British in 1763; for the change of sovereignty was followed by a general abandonment of the territory by the Spanish inhabitants. When the Spanish came back twenty years later the British in turn departed. With the restoration of sovereignty went the restoration of the …


The Contention Over The Superintendencia Of The Floridas, D. C. Corbitt Dec 2020

The Contention Over The Superintendencia Of The Floridas, D. C. Corbitt

Florida Historical Quarterly

Louisiana was granted the privilege of trading with France for a period of ten years by a royal cedula of January 22, 1782. The importance of this cedula in the history of Louisiana and in the commercial history of the Spanish Empire can scarcely be overestimated. We are interested here, however, in a side issue which it provoked.


Florida University (1883), C. L. Crow Dec 2020

Florida University (1883), C. L. Crow

Florida Historical Quarterly

The most ambitious and most visionary attempt ever made to establish in Florida an institution of higher learning was probably that of the founders, or founder, of Florida University. The plan of organization of the proposed school, altho not successfully carried out, was nevertheless worthy of some respect, for Dr. Kost, its main proponent, had perhaps a vision similar in part to that which afterward inspired Mr. Buckman.


Letters From East Florida, Dorothy Dodd Dec 2020

Letters From East Florida, Dorothy Dodd

Florida Historical Quarterly

Before the outbreak of the Seminole Indian War in 1835 the northern counties of East Florida were increasing in population at a faster rate than Middle and West Florida. Although the country was but sparsely settled there were a number of flourishing plantations, but these were laid waste by the Indians during the next seven years and immigration into that section almost entirely ceased. On the termination of the war in 1842, Congress passed a temporary free homestead act to encourage settlers to come into the section that had been the seat of the war in the hope that settlement …


Some Experiences Of Bishop Young, Edgar Legare Pennington Dec 2020

Some Experiences Of Bishop Young, Edgar Legare Pennington

Florida Historical Quarterly

The entwining network or railroads and inproved highways has practically obliterated all recollection of the handicaps of travel in Florida a few decades ago. It is hard to realize that the journey made in a few hours today required days - even weeks - in the years which followed the War Between the STates. So accustomed are we to thinking of our centres of population as bustling, wide-awake cities that we seldom picture them as isolated and crude communities or wretched little fishing-towns. Yet such conditions prevailed; and the second Episcopal Bishop of FLorida, the Right REverend John Freeman Young, …


The Fortifications At San Marcos De Apalache, Mark F. Boyd Dec 2020

The Fortifications At San Marcos De Apalache, Mark F. Boyd

Florida Historical Quarterly

The region of Apalache and of its bay on the Gulf coast seem to have been ignored by the Spaniards following the departure of De Soto from this vicinity after overwintering here in 1539-40. Certainly we are not aware of its further mention in available records until the arrival of the Christianizing Franciscan fathers in 1633, who probably, as did De Soto, came overland,, but in the latter instance from St. Augustine.


Edmund Kirby Smith’S Boyhood In Florida, Joseph B. James Dec 2020

Edmund Kirby Smith’S Boyhood In Florida, Joseph B. James

Florida Historical Quarterly

Edmund Kirby Smith, who became one of the few full generals of the Confederate Army during the War Between the States, was born in St. Augustine, May 16, 1824. He was the second of Judge Joseph Lee Smith, who had left Connecticut in 1823 to become one of the two judges of the Superior Court of the Territory of Florida. President Monroe had appointed Judge Smith to that post in the new territorial government that was then being set up by the United States after the acquisition of Florida from Spain in 1821.


The Transfer Of Fort San Marcos And East Florida To The United States, Rogers W. Young Dec 2020

The Transfer Of Fort San Marcos And East Florida To The United States, Rogers W. Young

Florida Historical Quarterly

Spanish Florida, comprising the provinces of East and West Florida, was ceded to the United States under the provisions of the “Treaty of Amity, Settlement, and Limits, between the United States of America and His Catholic Majesty,” of February 22, 1819. The treaty was signed in Washington by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, and Louis de Onis, the Spanish Minister to the United States. Ratifications of the treaty were delayed, but on October 24, 1820, Ferdinand VII of Spain affixed his ratification and confirmation, while acceptance on the part of the United States Senate followed on February 19, Three …


East Florida Seminary - Micanopy, C. L. Crow Dec 2020

East Florida Seminary - Micanopy, C. L. Crow

Florida Historical Quarterly

For some eight years there existed in Florida, less than thirty miles apart, two schools founded at approximately the same time and bearing similar names: the one, “East Florida State Seminary, located in Ocala and controlled by the State; the other, “East Florida Seminary”, established in Micanopy and, at least nominally, under the care of the Florida Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. This Conference, it may be said in passing, extended at the time from Key West to Albany and from the Atlantic to Apalachicola, thus covering all Middle and East Florida and that part of Georgia lying …


The First American Road In Florida: Papers Relating To The Survey Of The Pensacola-St. Augustine Highway, 1824. Part Ii, Mark F. Boyd Dec 2020

The First American Road In Florida: Papers Relating To The Survey Of The Pensacola-St. Augustine Highway, 1824. Part Ii, Mark F. Boyd

Florida Historical Quarterly

No abstract provided.


The First American Road In Florida: Papers Relating To The Survey And Construction Of The Pensacola-St. Augustine Highway, Part I, Mark F. Boyd Dec 2020

The First American Road In Florida: Papers Relating To The Survey And Construction Of The Pensacola-St. Augustine Highway, Part I, Mark F. Boyd

Florida Historical Quarterly

In these days of paved highways and of swift private transportation, accounts of early efforts to improve communications have a great interest. After American occupation of the territory of Florida, the inaccessibility of the only centers of population to each other soon attracted interest. This resulted in the projection and construction of the old Pensacola-St. Augustine highway, today an abandoned and almost forgotten route across the state, but interesting as the first instance of American road construction in Florida, as well as the fact that the eastern half would appear to follow one of the early Spanish routes from St. …


Challenging The "Butcher" Reputation: General Grant's Strategy In The Overland Campaign, Sean Ftizgerald Dec 2020

Challenging The "Butcher" Reputation: General Grant's Strategy In The Overland Campaign, Sean Ftizgerald

Honors Program Theses and Projects

Ulysses S. Grant's exploits had earned him a reputation as an offensive- minded general who was not afraid of hard fighting and made no excuses.


A Foot-Note To Captain Young’S Itineraries: Letters Of Jeremy Robinson, Joseph B. Lockey Dec 2020

A Foot-Note To Captain Young’S Itineraries: Letters Of Jeremy Robinson, Joseph B. Lockey

Florida Historical Quarterly

Topographical Memoir on East and West Florida With Itineraries of General Jackson’s Army, by Capt. Hugh Young of that army, appeared in the last three issues of the Quarterly. Another series on the same general subject of roads and travel in Florida in the early nineteenth century will be begun in the October number next: papers relating to the survey and construction of the Pensacola-St. Augustine highway, arranged and with an introduction by Mark F. Boyd to whom we are indebted for the Young memoir.


Fort Marion During The Seminole War, Rogers W. Young Dec 2020

Fort Marion During The Seminole War, Rogers W. Young

Florida Historical Quarterly

The news that the Seminoles had begun hostilities in Florida spread slowly early in January, 1836. The intelligence stirred the country, however. The War Department had heard of the Dade’ massacre and of other Indian atrocities as early as January 4, but it was not until January 17 that it received official verification of the battle of the Withlacoochee.