Digital Commons Network^™

Review Of Parent Education Resources For Adults With Low English Proficiency, Elizabeth J. Sandell

Elementary and Literacy Education Department Publications

This paper reviews seven parent education resources for adults with low English proficiency, focusing on materials that are flexible and adaptable to parent education programs. Each review lists the name and publisher of the resource, date of publication, cost, intended audience, content, goals, format, and reviewer comments. The resources include: (1) "Nurturing Program for Parents and Young Children" (Family Development Resources), a remedial parenting skills program; (2) "Small Wonder" (American Guidance Service), which uses activity cards to explain child development; (3) "Child Care Picture Books" (Minnesota Early Learning Design), a series of six parenting skills picture books available in English …

7. Basic Psychometric Issues In Licensure Testing, Howard W. Stoker, James C. Impara

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

INTRODUCTION

The number of people in the United States who carry some responsibility for the writing of examination questions and the construction of tests is unknown. In the Preface to The Construction and Use of Achievement Examinations, published by the American Council on Education in 1936, the authors indicated that the number probably exceeded a million. That number has certainly grown in the past 60 years. Questions are posed to students by teachers at all levels of education; the Armed Forces have people whose job it is to construct tests which are used in the promotion of personnel; over …

4. Practice Analysis: Building The Foundation For Validity, Joan E. Knapp, Lenora G. Knapp

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

INTRODUCTION

A review of the literature associated with job analysis reveals two extremes of opinion as represented by the following provocative quotes:

Historically job analysis has been a relatively soporific area of industrial and organizational psychology, characterized by neither heated controversy nor prominent visibility in the research literature. (Harvey, 1991, p. 71)

Validation was once a priestly mystery, a ritual behind the scenes with the professional elite as witness and judge. Today it is a public spectacle combining the attraction of chess and mud wrestling. (Cronbach, 1988, p. 3)

Both our evaluation of practice analysis research and our professional experience …

5. Systematic Item Writing And Test Construction, Anthony Laduca, Steven M. Downing, Thomas R. Henzel

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

Standardized objective testing remains the most popular mode of licensure testing. Even where other types of tests are incorporated, it is often the case that they are provided as complimentary to standardized, multiple-choice (MC) tests. Moreover, scoring theories and standard-setting procedures have been developed over the years in the context of standardized MC testing. At the same time, critics have pointed to limitations of contemporary MC testing practices, including lack of fidelity to real-life challenges and emphasis on recall of factual minutiae. In our view, testing professionals should make conscientious attempts to modify test development procedures so as to address …

3. Policy Issues With Psychometric Implications, Michael Rosenfeld, Richard F. J. Tannenbaum, Scott Wesley

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

Testing candidates with disabilities, testing repeaters, and coaching involve issues of fairness, the validity of the inferences made from test scores, and protection of the public. Licensing boards must develop policies to deal with each of these issues. It is interesting to note that although all three are of concern to licensing agencies, little of the research on these topics has been conducted in licensure settings. This chapter discusses the results of research conducted on each topic, considers the psychometric implications for policy of each, and suggests steps licensing boards can take when formulating policy.

TESTING CANDIDATES WITH DISABILITIES IN …

8. Item Banking, Betty A. Bergstrom, Richard C. Gershon

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

Item banks developed by licensure agencies range from a collection of items stored on index cards to highly sophisticated electronic databases. Regardless of the storage mechanism, most banks contain items that have been organized and referenced according to procedures established by the licensure agency. This chapter outlines useful practices for building and maintaining a computerized item bank. We address storage of item text, graphics, and statistical history. We deal with the creation of paper-and-pencil and computerized tests from an item bank and the use of Item Response Theory (lRT) to calibrate and equate item banks. New directions in item banking …

12. Computerized Testing In Licensure, C. David Vale

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

Computerized testing has come out of the laboratory and into the field. By rough estimates, over a million licensure and certification examinations are currently given by computer each year, and the number is rising. Computerized testing is not appropriate for every application, however. Computerized tests always result in significantly greater direct costs than paper-and-pencil tests. To justify their use, a computerized test must result in a net dollar saving. This means that something in the process of computerization must offer a cost reduction that more than offsets the direct cost of computerization. The purpose of this chapter is to identify …

9. Differential Item Functioning In Licensure Tests, Barbara S. Plake

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

When test scores are used to make important decisions, as is typically the case with licensure tests, the validity of test score interpretations is extremely critical. The validity of the decision (e.g., pass or fail the licensure examination) relies heavily on the validity of the test score that is used in making the licensure decision. So, although validity is always a critical component in test score interpretation, it has increased importance when the score is used in high-stakes decision situations such as licensure testing.

Issues in validity for licensure tests have been addressed in Chapter 4 of this volume. The …

13. Future Psychometric Practices In Licensure Testing, Steven S. Nettles

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

New technologies continue to emerge each year, and influence testing practices. In particular, in the last 10 years the personal computer has evolved from a curious and minimally useful tool to an indispensable partner in many certification and licensure testing programs. It is involved in every aspect- including candidate scheduling, test assembly, test administration, test scoring and analysis, and score reporting. Initially, it is used to determine the content to be included in the job analysis instrument, and later, to analyze the returned surveys. After the job analysis is completed and test specifications prepared, it can be used to bank …

11. Equating, Judy A. Shea, John J. Norcini

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

INTRODUCTION

Testing programs nearly always need examinations that measure the same thing, but are composed of different questions (i .e., alternate forms of the same test). When different questions are used, however, there is no assurance that scores on the forms are equivalent; different sets of items might be easier or harder and, therefore, produce higher or lower scores. Equating is used to overcome this problem. Simply stated, it is the design and statistical procedure that permits scores on one form of a test to be comparable to scores on an alternate form.

A hypothetical example will help explain why …

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, And Practices [Complete Work], James C. Impara, Linda L. Murphy

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices (374 pages)

Copyright © 1995 by Buros Institute of Mental Measurements All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, retrieval system, or any other means, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

Buros Institute of Mental Measurements 135 Bancroft Hall University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, NE 68588-0348

The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984.

Mathematical And Theological Beliefs: A Cognitive Science Perspective, Ron Benbow

ACMS Journal 2004

In recent years, research studies have shown that control decisions and processes, beliefs about the nature of mathematics, attitudes, and other affective variables have enormous impact on the mathematical performance of students. This paper gives an overview of the research on mathematical beliefs and reviews some work done in Christian education relating to theological beliefs. It then compares the two.

What Did I Do Right In One Freshman Seminar? What Did I Do Wrong In Another? What Will I Do Next Time?, Richard L. Schoenwald

Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education: Archives

An essay from a university instructor answering the questions: What did I do right in one freshman seminar? What did I do wrong in another? What will I do next time?

Title And Contents- Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, And Practices, James C. Impara, Linda L. Murphy

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, And Practices

Contents

Dedication

Preface

SECTION ONE: Purposes and Policy Issues

1. What is Licensure?
Kara Schmitt

2. Legal and Professional Bases for Licensure Testing
William A. Mehrens

3. Policy Issues with Psychometric Implications
Michael Rosenfeld, Richard J. Tannenbaum, and Scott Wesley

SECTION TWO: Procedures

Overview of the Licensure Testing Process
James C. Impara

4. Practice Analysis: Building the Foundation for Validity
Joan Knapp and Lenora Knapp

5. Test Development: Systematic Item Writing and Test Construction
Anthony LaDuca, Steven Downing, and Thomas Henzel

6. Developing and Using Clinical Examinations
Jimmie Fortune and Ted Cromack

7. Basic …

1. What Is Licensure, Kara Schmitt

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

When most individuals hear the terms license and licensure, their first reaction is that these are easily understood and relatively simple words. Everyone knows what these terms mean. Or do they?

What is licensure? It is a multifaceted, complex governmental system of regulation with the stated purpose being public protection. According to Webster's dictionary (Guralnik, 1976), a license is defined as "a formal permission to do something: esp., authorization by law to do some specified thing (license to marry, practice medicine, hunt, etc.)." The term Licensure is then defined to mean "the act or practice of granting licenses, …

2. Legal And Professional Bases For Licensure Testing, William A. Mehrens

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

In this chapter the author presents the legal setting for licensure testing, I discusses the role of various professional standards and codes (i.e., the EEOC Uniform Guidelines, 1978, and the AERA/APA/NCME Standards, 1985), presents some of the pertinent rulings from several court decisions, and makes inferences about future changes in professional standards and their potential impact on licensure test development.

There necessarily is some minor overlap with the material in this chapter and some other chapters in this book. There is a brief discussion of the differences between licensure, certification. and employment testing and how those differences relate …

Author Index

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

Authors listed A-Z (8 pages)

A

Ader, H. 1. : 2 10,2 18
Ahluwalia, N. T.: 240, 25 1, 330, 344
Aitkin, M.: 262, 267, 282
AI-Dosary, I. M.: 28 1, 282
AI-Karni , A.: 27 1, 28 1, 282
Albanese, M. A.: 125, 138,324,341
Alexander, R. A.: 225, 250
Algin a, 1.: 256, 283
Allen, D. L.: 158, 164
American Counci l on Education: 167, 185
American Educational Research Association: 33,37,38,39,40, 41 , 42,43,53,55,66, 68,72,84,94, 11 4, 11 8, 122,137, 138, 168, 170, 17 1, 179, 185, 236, 248, 254, 255,26 1,28 1
American Psychological Association: 33, 37, 38,39,40, …

Students As Satirists: Encouraging Critique And Comic Release, Carol Reeves

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

No Abstract Available

10. Establishing Passing Standards, Craig N. Mills

Licensure Testing: Purposes, Procedures, and Practices

INTRODUCTION

When tests are used to determine eligibility for a license, a passing standard or cut score must be established that divides the test scores into two categories: eligible for license or not. Standard setting has been widely researched and there are many reviews available (see, for example, Jaeger, 1989; Mills & Melican, 1988; Berk, 1986; Hambleton, 1980; Hambleton & Eignor, 1980; and Shepard, 1980a, 1980b), yet there is limited practical advice available for conducting standard setting studies and establishing standards. The one available resource (Livingston & Zieky, 1982) is somewhat dated. The purpose of this chapter is to provide …

Integrating Research Skills Development In Teacher Education, Terence Lovat, Margaret Davies, Ronald Plotnikoff

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

For most of this century, and increasingly in modern times, teacher educators have been impelled to consider ways in which a greater level of reflectivity, especially through enhancing research skills development, might be integrated into the teacher education program. The paper reviews the recent history of such attempts, pointing to the relative paucity of experimentation designed to implement such components in teacher education. It then describes a longitudinal study designed to effect, and evaluate the effects of, one program of research skills integration in preservice teacher education.

Nsu National Ed.D. Program For Educational Leaders Catalog 1995–1996 (Includes Application And Admission Forms), Nova Southeastern University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Alice G. Brand (Editor)

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

Editor's Message

The prospect of bringing off a new journal is character building, I have come to believe—particularly when it is published only once a year and by a fledging organization. The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning (JAEPL) had to be good, very good, especially the inaugural issue. That this was the first issue also meant, I hoped, that readers would tolerate mistakes. Surely, mistakes could be corrected with the next issue. But on second thought, that was a long year away.

Nonetheless, I celebrate the occasion of the inaugural issue of JAEPL. …

Strictly Ballroom? Dancing Along The Borders Of Movement And Writing, Tim Doherty

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

Multiple intelligences are exercised when movement and writing intersect in the composition curriculum.

Emotional Implication: Performing Within Emotional Gaps, Kristie S. Fleckenstein

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

The role of emotional implication is a process by which writers leave and fill emotional gaps within a text, thus creating their readers, text worlds, and themselves.

Mental Imagery, Psychology, And Rhetoric: An Examination Of Recurring Problems, Linda T. Calendrillo

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

The parallel debates on mental imagery in contemporary psychology and classical rhetoric have led to its marginal status in composition studies.

Mastery: Or, Where Does True Wisdom Lie?, Martha Goff Stoner

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

Zen philosophy and contemporary physics heighten awareness of wisdom as a process not a product.

The Found Play: Learning And Teaching The Value Of Interpretive Reading And Writing, Randi Patterson, Kim Jernigan

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

The "found" play is designed to make explicit the interpretive strategies that students use in everyday life, in a literary work, and in critical reading and writing.

Jaepl, Vol. 1, Winter 1995-1996, Alice G. Brand (Editor)

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

Essays

Mary C. Doane. Writing Reality: Constructivism, Metaphor, and Cosmology. Two philosophies of metaphor are contrasted in constructing discourse and reality.

Derek Owens. Earthworm Hermeneutics. As an alternative to recent misreadings of boundary politics, a more responsible, outsider pedagogy needs to be cultivated.

Tim Doherty. Strictly Ballroom? Dancing Along the Borders of Movement and Writing. Multiple intelligences are exercised when movement and writing intersect in the composition curriculum.

Ellen W. Kaplan. The Subversive Play: Using Play, Dream, and the Body in the Classroom. The as-if world of play brings body-centered knowledge into the expressive writing class. …

The Subversive Element Of Play: Using Play, Dream And The B Ody In The Classroom, Ellen W. Kaplan

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

The as-if world of play brings body-centered knowledge into the expressive writing class.

A Plea For Re-Form: Aesthetics In The Writing Classroom, Anne Mullin

The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning

The emphasis on meaning and ideas should be refocused on form as an important aesthetic element in writing.