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The Media Discourses On Organ Donation And Transplantation In Spain (1954-2020) And Their Implications For Spanish Nationalism, Rebeca Herrero Sáenz
The Media Discourses On Organ Donation And Transplantation In Spain (1954-2020) And Their Implications For Spanish Nationalism, Rebeca Herrero Sáenz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Spain has been the global leader in organ donation and transplantation since 1992, an achievement that has become a source of national pride, in a country where national symbols are heavily contested. In this dissertation I examine the changing meanings that organ donation and transplantation have acquired in contemporary Spain, focusing specifically on their implications for different aspects of Spanish nationalism. To do so, I employ a modified version computational grounded theory, a mixed-methods approach that combines topic modeling with interpretive analysis, to identify and interpret the narratives around organ donation and transplantation circulated by the Spanish press between 1954 …
Treating Anonymous Patients : The Effectiveness, Costs, And Strategies Of Promoting The Use Of Expedited Partner Therapy, Andre Kiesel
Treating Anonymous Patients : The Effectiveness, Costs, And Strategies Of Promoting The Use Of Expedited Partner Therapy, Andre Kiesel
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite decades of concerted efforts to prevent their spread, chlamydia andgonorrhea remain two of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections in the United States (U.S.) — exacting a high toll in terms of human health and healthcare expenditure. Though easily cured with antibiotics, both infections may lead to damaging secondary health conditions – known as sequelae – if untreated, including infertility among females. However, treating diagnosed individuals (known as “index patients”) is not enough—it is critical to also care for their recent sex partners as well, lest they reinfect the treated patient. Partner referral is the traditional approach to partner …
Understanding Deaths Of Despair In Us Counties Through Bourdieu's Theory Of Capital, Seulki Kim
Understanding Deaths Of Despair In Us Counties Through Bourdieu's Theory Of Capital, Seulki Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The overarching goal of this dissertation is to examine a recent rise in rates of deaths from suicide, alcohol, and drugs, labeled together as “deaths of despair” in the United States using Bourdieu’s theory of capital. Although the deaths of despair phenomenon is a product of a complex process related to various material and non-material factors, there is no theoretical framework that is able to account for different domains of predictors. Thus, this dissertation aims to fill this gap by drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of capital and systematically investigating the relationships of mortality rates attributed to suicide, alcohol, and opioid …
Spatial Diffusion Of Immigrants And Children's Academic Performance In The United States, Yuanfei Li
Spatial Diffusion Of Immigrants And Children's Academic Performance In The United States, Yuanfei Li
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation explores immigrant children’s academic performance in both established and non-established immigrant destinations in the United States. Integrating data from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, the Stanford Education Data Archive, American Community Survey, and several other sources, it uses Ordinary Least Squares regression and multilevel modeling strategies relating family, school and neighborhood contexts to students’ performance in a standardized math test. With a typology of immigrant destinations defined at the county level, it compares immigrant and non-immigrant students within each type of immigrant destination as well as between immigrant students residing in different destinations. Results show that …
Addressing The Scale Issues In Spatial-Temporal Analysis Of Crime : An Integrative Framework And Empirical Findings, Mohammed Abdulrazak Alazawi
Addressing The Scale Issues In Spatial-Temporal Analysis Of Crime : An Integrative Framework And Empirical Findings, Mohammed Abdulrazak Alazawi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Based on a critical review of existing literature in the spatial-temporal analysis of crime, three challenges have been identified: spatial-temporal scaling, theorizing spatial patterns for different types of crime, and the micro interaction between space and time. The spatial-temporal scaling issue is related to choosing the appropriate geographic unit of analysis. The theoretical issue concerns the lack of an integrative approach that can integrate the benefits of each theoretical perspective and identify broader processes to explain the resulting spatial patterns for different types of crime. Also, examining and explaining the variation of the micro space-time interactions for different types of …
An Iterative Theory Of The Legislative Process : A Case Study Of The New York State Commission On Prosecutorial Conduct, Kimberly M. Bernstein
An Iterative Theory Of The Legislative Process : A Case Study Of The New York State Commission On Prosecutorial Conduct, Kimberly M. Bernstein
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Prosecutors wield the power of the criminal justice system (Medwed, 2014) and the ability to deprive a person of their constitutional rights (Imbler v. Pachtman, 1976). With such power, it is unsurprising that a leading cause of miscarriages of justice is prosecutorial misconduct (e.g., Joy, 2006; Ridolfi & Possley, 2010). New York State became the first state in the country to respond to this issue with a specialized Commission on Prosecutorial Conduct (CPC). The goal of the CPC is to serve as an official mechanism for holding District Attorneys and Assistant District Attorneys accountable by challenging convictions and handing down …
Alternative-To-Incarceration Programs : An In-Depth Review Of State And Federal Drug Courts, Allison Kropf
Alternative-To-Incarceration Programs : An In-Depth Review Of State And Federal Drug Courts, Allison Kropf
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The United States’ recent shift toward rehabilitative justice has aided in the creation of alternatives to incarceration; among these alternatives is drug treatment court. This paper studies the similarities and differences between both state and federal drug treatment courts. Using three federal programs and nine state programs – located in three states: Florida, New York, and California – as proxies, rules, regulations, and criteria are examined in order to gauge the comprehensiveness and compatibility of drug treatment courts across the U.S. It is found that drug treatment courts across both the state and federal circuits are similar to one another, …
The Dark Figure Of Wrongful Convictions : How Intake Decisions Impact Exonerations, Jennifer Weintraub
The Dark Figure Of Wrongful Convictions : How Intake Decisions Impact Exonerations, Jennifer Weintraub
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Innocence organizations contributed to 45% of exonerations in the year 2020, and account for nearly 25% of all U.S. exonerations. Yet little is known about these organizations, including a review of their intake criteria and procedures, how they select their intake criteria and procedures, or how those choices influence the landscape of known wrongful convictions. The contents of these intake decisions as well as how they are chosen have implications for what is currently known about wrongful convictions nation-wide. In this study, 19 innocence organizations represented by 24 innocence organization staff and leaders completed qualitative interviews to address this gap …
Adolescent Maltreatment, Substance Use, And Self-Efficacy : A Test Of General Strain Theory Among A Sample Of Clinical Youth, Sonya Worthington
Adolescent Maltreatment, Substance Use, And Self-Efficacy : A Test Of General Strain Theory Among A Sample Of Clinical Youth, Sonya Worthington
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The relationship between adolescent maltreatment and delinquency has been of growing interest to social control, social learning, strain, and family-oriented theorist since the 1980’s. While ‘social control’, ‘social learning’, and ‘traditional strain’ theories dominated early delinquency research literature surrounding the association, the past few decades have experienced a shift from these sociological theories to those more social-psychological in nature, lending much support, credibility, and acceptance of Agnew’s General Strain Theory (GST). GST offers a theoretical framework for understanding micro-level and macro level factors that influence the likelihood of delinquency. In short, GST contends some individuals engage in criminal and deviant …
Space Weather And Criminal Violence : A Longitudinal Analysis Of Major Us Urban Areas, Richard Mcmillan
Space Weather And Criminal Violence : A Longitudinal Analysis Of Major Us Urban Areas, Richard Mcmillan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The study of criminology began with the investigation of the physical features of humans committing crimes such as homicide. The study of space weather includes the investigation of the physiological manifestations of various forms of space weather on terrestrial-bound humans. These two fields of inquiry are joined in this investigation of the association of space weather with the incidence of criminal violence in the United States. This study of the possibility that a physical force emanating from the Sun or from outer space can affect human behavior in the form of criminal violence is part of a long search for …
Latina Faculty In Academia : Support Factors And Socio-Environmental Challenges In Their Path To Achieving Promotion And Tenure, Karen Raquel Ferrer Muniz
Latina Faculty In Academia : Support Factors And Socio-Environmental Challenges In Their Path To Achieving Promotion And Tenure, Karen Raquel Ferrer Muniz
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Constructing And Constraining Mobility At The New University, Rachel Sullivan
Constructing And Constraining Mobility At The New University, Rachel Sullivan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The goal of this dissertation is to uncover the black box that currently envelops the student experience at New & Mobility-Granting Universities, which are defined by their ability to enroll and graduate students from traditionally underrepresented racial/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds at a higher-than-average rate. More specifically, I use data from 65 student interviews at State U, which is a mid-sized public university, in order to show how opportunity is granted to some students through their common points of interaction with the institution—in the classroom, with advisors, within high-impact programs, and in the workplace. At the same time, I show that …
The Racial And Partisan Underpinnings Of Attitudes Toward Police In A Time Of Protest, Andrew Thompson
The Racial And Partisan Underpinnings Of Attitudes Toward Police In A Time Of Protest, Andrew Thompson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Racial and ethnic differences in policing attitudes have generally been examined through the group position or other conflict perspectives. This perspective contains a limitation, especially when considering recent trends in racial and policing attitudes. Racial attitudes have been liberalizing for over a decade among White political liberals and moderates, while Republicans’ racial attitudes have been relatively stagnant. These divergent trends may have accelerated since the murder of George Floyd. While racial attitudes (including attitudes about the police) have been polarizing along political lines, the group position model suggests that racial attitudes and policy preferences among dominant group members, regardless of …
Institutionalized Normative Heterosexuality : The Case Of Sexual Fluidity, Nicole Lamarre
Institutionalized Normative Heterosexuality : The Case Of Sexual Fluidity, Nicole Lamarre
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Since Alfred Kinsey’s early exploration of sexual behaviors, identities, and desires, there has been a proliferation of studies on what is generally regarded today as sexual fluidity. Inquiry into sexual histories that are neither wholly heterosexual nor homosexual (or even bisexual) has been incredibly well documented by this time. Generally, theories about sexual fluidity have taken one of two positions. The first camp interprets sexual variance as a sign of changing times and crumbling sexual and gender binaries. The second group of theorists postulate that sexual fluidity is neither new nor a particularly positive or liberating social trend. Instead of …
Legal Status Fluidity : Theorizing Legal Status Transitions And How Filipino Immigrants Navigate Immigration Pathways, Daniela Jan Torres Pila
Legal Status Fluidity : Theorizing Legal Status Transitions And How Filipino Immigrants Navigate Immigration Pathways, Daniela Jan Torres Pila
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Scholars need to explore legal status and the movement in between legal statuses as a separate phenomenon from citizenship. I develop the “legal status fluidity” framework to investigate how immigrants navigate the U.S. immigration system. I draw my analysis from 54 in-depth interviews and 100 hours of multi-sited participant observation with Filipino and Filipino Americans immigrants from the Greater New York metropolitan area. To access these pathways, immigrants need to a) acquire social and financial capital pre- and post-migration b) access to varied pathways through family and employment and c) utilize their historical relationship with the receiving country. Legal statuses …
Rurality And The Opioid Crisis In U.S. Counties : A Spatiotemporal Investigation, Feinuo Sun
Rurality And The Opioid Crisis In U.S. Counties : A Spatiotemporal Investigation, Feinuo Sun
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Previous studies on the opioid crisis in the United States at the subnational level rarely consider temporal and spatial dependency simultaneously. Under the theoretical framework of spatial inequality, this dissertation aims to understand how the uneven development of the opioid crisis across the rural-urban spectrum has been constructed and evolved from 2006 to 2018. Based on a new continuous measure of rurality, a spatiotemporal dataset is assembled based on the Multiple-Cause-of-Deaths File and other federal data sources, such as the U.S. Opioid Dispensing Map and the American Community Survey. The methods include geographical mapping, fixed effects modeling, and spatial panel …
Care Roles And Motherhood In Forced Migration : Venezuelan Mothers Living In Lima And New York City, Daniela Rebeca Ugarte Villalobos
Care Roles And Motherhood In Forced Migration : Venezuelan Mothers Living In Lima And New York City, Daniela Rebeca Ugarte Villalobos
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
To the extent that the Venezuelan crisis deepened, more than 5 million Venezuelan citizens had fled the country in May of 2021. This migration has impacted the continent in numerous ways and their receiving countries of the diaspora since it is one of the region's unique and extensive migration phenomena. However, this forced migration due to the country's humanitarian crisis has also impacted the families that migrated outside Venezuela. This research focuses on Venezuelan mothers who migrated to Lima, Peru, and NYC, the US. It analyses how this forced migration has changed these women's care roles and motherhood roles inside …
Navigating Racial Discrimination As Transnational Actors : Racial Experiences Of Asian International Students In The U.S. Under The Covid-19 Pandemic, Chen Chen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been intensified anti-Asian sentiment andincreased incidents of anti-Asian discrimination. Whereas a large amount of research has focused on Asian American experiences, this project specifically centers on the experiences of Asian international students as transnational actors and non-citizens of the U.S. under the COVID-19 pandemic. What this project attempts to capture are a) situated in the racial landscape in America, how Asian international students experience racial discrimination differently as transnational actors, and b) how Asian international students interpret and navigate racial discrimination as transnational actors. In-depth interviews are conducted with 20 Asian international graduate students …
Chinese Fathers' And Mothers' Views Of Their Daughters' Marriage And Fertility, Yiwei Xiong
Chinese Fathers' And Mothers' Views Of Their Daughters' Marriage And Fertility, Yiwei Xiong
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
China is dominated by collectivist culture, which means a person is independent only when building a complete family by getting married and having a baby. However, the phenomenon of late marriage shows a disparity from traditional norms. Chinese parents often serve as defenders of traditional norms and intervene in their children's love and marriage.
The Political And Economic Implications Of The Covid-19 Policy Responsiveness In El Salvador, Nicaragua, And Costa Rica, Fatima Guadalupe Rodriguez Pacas
The Political And Economic Implications Of The Covid-19 Policy Responsiveness In El Salvador, Nicaragua, And Costa Rica, Fatima Guadalupe Rodriguez Pacas
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The COVID-19 crisis is challenging the state capacity of nations around the world without any close historical precedent. In Central America, El Salvador, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua have implemented a series of legal regulations that range from scarce to extensive. It is challenging to estimate definite political and economic effects because of the current crisis's ongoing and dynamic nature. However, this descriptive research aims to create an initial but coherent comparative research of the policy responsiveness taken in the three Central American countries. The findings illustrate the connection between ideology, institutional order, law enforcement, and fiscal and monetary measures applied …
Supporting Highly Mobile Literacy Learners : Examining How An Elementary School Provided Support To Mobile Students In An Urban School District, Rebecca L. Benjamin
Supporting Highly Mobile Literacy Learners : Examining How An Elementary School Provided Support To Mobile Students In An Urban School District, Rebecca L. Benjamin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation explores the academic and social-emotional supports and constraints that impact the literacy learning of highly mobile students in an urban elementary school, utilizing interview, questionnaire, and achievement data from transient students and educational professionals who work with them. It examines a school year of highly mobile student experiences in literacy-learning across a wide range of factors and environments, considering student and educator observations, reflections, and participation, through different schools and across various settings in their current/newest school (in classrooms, at lunch, recess, rehearsals, and specials, working with social or academic service providers, etc.). This study’s theoretical framework was …
Trajectories Of Human Capital Accumulation After Women's Transition To Motherhood In The Us : Determinants And Consequences, Weihui Zhang
Trajectories Of Human Capital Accumulation After Women's Transition To Motherhood In The Us : Determinants And Consequences, Weihui Zhang
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The life sequence and human capital accumulation of women have changed in the US. This dissertation intends to propose three interrelated studies that investigate the possible trajectories of human capital accumulation after women’s transition to motherhood, the determinants of these trajectories, and the implications for women and their children’s wellbeing. Driven by the life course perspective, the cumulative advantage and disadvantage theory, and Bourdieu’s cultural framework, this dissertation uses mothers’ vocational training experiences to identify distinct trajectories over time in the first study. This dissertation then investigates how mothers’ cumulative training experiences affect children’s well-being in the second study. Finally, …
Roaring Tiger Or Bounce Tigger? : Examining Corruption Seriousness Perception In China From A Socio-Cultural Perspective, Yunhan Zhao
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Recent years have witnessed a steadily increasing scholarly interest in perceptions of corruption, particularly in terms of level and prevalence. However, previous studies have largely overlooked perceived seriousness as another unique dimension of corruption perception. Furthermore, previous studies seeking causes of corruption perception have failed to consider cultural factors at either the individual or aggregate level as potential predictors. To fill the gap, the current dissertation employs the 2014 Chinese Family Panel Studies and other relevant data to explore the relationships between corruption seriousness perception and cultural factors. This dissertation strategically examines two individual cultural attachments (i.e., Confucianism and Legalism …
Higher Education Under Market Forces How The "Transnational Shadow Education" Industry Emerged And Persisted To Help Taiwanese Students To Study In The U.S, Kenneth Han Chen
Higher Education Under Market Forces How The "Transnational Shadow Education" Industry Emerged And Persisted To Help Taiwanese Students To Study In The U.S, Kenneth Han Chen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
My dissertation examines the marketization of higher education, drawing on empirical case studies from Taiwanese students using “education agents” to apply to U.S. colleges and universities. I argue that without these intermediary agents, applicants and parents may be left flying blindly amid uncertainties, emotional distress, and interpersonal tension in families during children’s admission. The existing sociological literature and higher education research mainly concentrates on studying national policies and formal higher education institutions (universities and research institutes), but the private market research is relatively insufficient. Also, the research on international students' transnational movement mostly started from the viewpoint of the students' …
Cuerpos Femeninos En Concursos De Mujeres O 'Reinados' En Colombia, 1991-2018, Ernesto L. Ebratt
Cuerpos Femeninos En Concursos De Mujeres O 'Reinados' En Colombia, 1991-2018, Ernesto L. Ebratt
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Incorporando perspectivas sociológicas y feministas sobre el cuerpo e información clave obtenida durante el trabajo de campo realizado en Colombia (entrevistas cualitativas y búsqueda de archivos), esta disertación explora las dinámicas entre las experiencias de los cuerpos femininos y fuerzas sociales en el contexto de la globalización neoliberal durante el periodo de 1991 a 2018 en Colombia. Este proyecto se concentra en tres competencias de mujeres: el Reinado Nacional de Belleza, el Reinado de la Independencia y el Reinado Wayyú. Documenta las experiencias o historias individuales de las concursantes acerca de sus cuerpos dentro y fuera de las competencias, sus …
Longitudinal Examination Of Contextual Risk, Promotive Factors, And Psychosocial Functioning Using Structural Equation Modeling With A Sample Of Serious Adolescent Offenders, Daniel J. Knauer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Mental health problems, including substance use problems, are more prevalent among adolescent criminal offenders than among the general population and are associated with an elevated risk of re-offending. It is important to understand what factors are associated with serious adolescent offenders’ future mental health and re-offending outcomes to promote their positive development. This study examined potential mechanisms behind established relationships between risk factors for mental health and criminal offending and psychosocial outcomes while integrating ecological theory and a risk and protective framework. To do this, a mediation model was examined using structural equation modeling in which contextual risk was hypothesized …
Exploring Group-Threat And Police-Involved Homicide : A Spatial Analysis Of Police Involved Homicide In Us Counties, Kyle Demori Maksuta
Exploring Group-Threat And Police-Involved Homicide : A Spatial Analysis Of Police Involved Homicide In Us Counties, Kyle Demori Maksuta
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The recent advent of the Black Lives Matter movement has reinvigorated criminological inquiry into police violence. Recent advances in spatial analysis have opened new opportunities for understanding the spatial relationship between social structure and police violence. Spatial analysis is both statistically and substantively important to our understanding of police-involved-homicide (PIH), yet few studies have attempted to marry recent advances in spatial econometrics to this topic. The current study introduces spatial Durbin modeling (SDM) as a particularly useful approach to studying the spatial relationships between variables associated with group threat theory and PIH. Previous research has demonstrated the connections between group …
Settler-Colonialism In Mexico : Mestizaje As A Project Of Elimination, Rosa Maria Navarro
Settler-Colonialism In Mexico : Mestizaje As A Project Of Elimination, Rosa Maria Navarro
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
No abstract provided.
Sins Of Our Fathers : Assessing Parental Incarceration As A "Turning Point" In The Lives Of Young Adults, Melissa Elizabeth Noel
Sins Of Our Fathers : Assessing Parental Incarceration As A "Turning Point" In The Lives Of Young Adults, Melissa Elizabeth Noel
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Coupled with other disadvantages, parental incarceration negatively impacts outcomes for children. Researchers have examined the consequences of parental incarceration mainly for children and adolescents, but it remains unclear about the long-term consequences as these children emerge into adulthood. Parental incarceration can affect social relationships and life attainments, increase labeling and stigmatization, and influence perceptions about society for young adults. Thus, this research study sought to examine parental incarceration as a “turning point” in which life outcomes of young adults are weakened or strengthened through this experience. Semi-structured interviews with 19 young adults were conducted and analyzed to examine: (1) whether …
Gender Journeys : Arts-Based Participatory Action Research With Non-Binary Young Adults, Darren Thomas Cosgrove
Gender Journeys : Arts-Based Participatory Action Research With Non-Binary Young Adults, Darren Thomas Cosgrove
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Increasing attention to the social and health disparities faced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people has ushered in much needed attention to issues related to sexuality and gender diversity within social work literature. Among this burgeoning focus has been a particular emphasis on the experiences of transgender people. Such work is particularly relevant to social workers given the heightened rates of harassment and discrimination that transgender people face. Increased scholarly attention presents opportunities for new knowledge to inform social work policy and practice in service to transgender communities. While this expansion in literature addresses several significant needs, …