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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
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The Causes Of Risky Sexual Behavior Over The Adolescent-Young Adult Life Course And Its Consequences For Partner Relationships In Adulthood, Nicole Marie Schmidt
The Causes Of Risky Sexual Behavior Over The Adolescent-Young Adult Life Course And Its Consequences For Partner Relationships In Adulthood, Nicole Marie Schmidt
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation uses data from the Rochester Youth Development Study (RYDS) to examine the causes and consequences of risky sexual behavior from adolescence through young adulthood using a developmental perspective. Developmental theories suggest that antisocial behavior, especially persistent antisocial behavior, during adolescence can amplify the effects of early family, school, and peer factors by setting in motion a chain of cumulative disadvantages that increase the likelihood that one will experience negative outcomes in adulthood. Drawing on developmental theories of antisocial behavior, the causes and consequences of risky sexual behavior are examined. First, wave-specific measures of risky sexual behavior spanning six …
Adult Grandchildren Providing Care To Frail Elderly Grandparents, Tamara Lynn Smith
Adult Grandchildren Providing Care To Frail Elderly Grandparents, Tamara Lynn Smith
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A larger proportion of adult grandchildren today have grandparents still alive than in any previous historical era. An older grandchild implies an older grandparent -- and, as chronic illnesses increase with age, these grandparents are likely to be ill. Little attention has been given to the dynamics of the grandchild-grandparent relationship in the face of illness of the grandparent, although demographic shifts indicate that most grandchildren and their grandparents will share a period of time during which the grandparent is suffering from a chronic illness. This dissertation examines adult grandchildren who provide regular assistance to a grandparent with health limitations. …
Advice To Rape Victims : The Influence Of Beliefs About Rape And Opinions About Formal Support Providers, Yumi Suzuki
Advice To Rape Victims : The Influence Of Beliefs About Rape And Opinions About Formal Support Providers, Yumi Suzuki
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Despite the abundance of literature discussing rape, only a few studies examined others' influence on rape victims' decisions to seek further help as a remedy for recovering from violent victimizations. These studies showed that the majority of rape victims consulted friends or relatives and that rape victims in fact took this advice for their next action. However, there is a gap in our knowledge about the type and the frequency of advice given to rape victims. In order to add to the existing knowledge, this study examined the factors influencing friends' advice to (1) contact criminal justice professionals, (2) contact …
The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence, Maria Tcherni
The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence, Maria Tcherni
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
My contribution to the study of causes of violence in criminology is introducing a theoretical concept of the Value of Life (VL) and developing an empirical solution to measuring it. The value that an individual implicitly assigns to the human life - both his/her own life and other people's lives - is a theoretical concept that synthesizes information about precursors, correlates, and determinates of violence. The VL concept provides a meaningful way to explain some phenomena not commonly associated with violent behavior (for example, reckless behavior with regard to one's health), while also illuminating some puzzling associations consistently found in …
Armed Off-Duty Police : Benefit Or Burden?, Theresa C. Tobin
Armed Off-Duty Police : Benefit Or Burden?, Theresa C. Tobin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study examines the NYPD's Carry Policy; a policy allowing officers to be armed while off duty and informally in place for over 100 years and officially sanctioned since the 1940s. It was altered for the first time in 1981 and this research has analyzed ten sources of data during two recent decades (1990-1994 and 2000-2004). This
Taking On The Perspective Of The Other : Understanding Parents' And Teachers' Perceptions Of Parent Involvement In Students' Educational Experiences, Rene Michele Wilson
Taking On The Perspective Of The Other : Understanding Parents' And Teachers' Perceptions Of Parent Involvement In Students' Educational Experiences, Rene Michele Wilson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Parent involvement is considered a vital educational factor that is associated with students' academic success. Engaging parents in the educational process is a challenge confronting many school districts across the United States. This is a significant problem for schools in low socioeconomic communities where lack of resources for parents and teachers creates barriers to involvement initiatives.
Puerto Rican Intermarriages : The Intersectionality Of Race, Gender, Class And Space, Gabriel Aquino
Puerto Rican Intermarriages : The Intersectionality Of Race, Gender, Class And Space, Gabriel Aquino
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Puerto Ricans have an intermarriage rate of 38.5 percent, the highest among Mexican, Cubans, Dominicans, European Americans, and African Americans in the United States. What govern the process of Puerto Rican intermarriage? Who do Puerto Rican intermarry with? And, do these intermarriages affect Puerto Rican ethnic identity? Traditional theories of intermarriage use a one dimensional explanation for intermarriages and for many posit an eventual ethnic identity transition. I propose the use of an intersectionality paradigm that incorporates a multidimensional approach, specifically race, gender, class, and space to explain Puerto Rican intermarriage and to test Puerto Rican ethnic identity transformation through …
Business As Usual : The Nonprofit Sector In The U.S. National Elite Network, Scott Vincent Dolan
Business As Usual : The Nonprofit Sector In The U.S. National Elite Network, Scott Vincent Dolan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Research on the structure and distribution of power in the United States has focused mostly on the relative power of business, and has largely neglected the nonprofit sector. This is despite evidence that points to the emergence and growth of large-scale, bureaucratic, and elite-led nonprofit organizations. When the political role of the nonprofit sector has been examined, it has come predominantly from two sets of literature: the civic engagement/social capital tradition or the interest group tradition. I argue that both sets of literature, however, start with faulty assumptions about the nature of power and politics, and thereby fail to situate …
Carrying Weapons For Protection In The Workplace : Findings From The National Crime Victimization Survey, Workplace Risk Supplement, Matthew David Fetzer
Carrying Weapons For Protection In The Workplace : Findings From The National Crime Victimization Survey, Workplace Risk Supplement, Matthew David Fetzer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Decisions to carry weapons for protection in the workplace were examined in regard to relationships with collective security, routine work activities, fear and victimization. Using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey, logistic regression models were estimated on predictors of carrying firearms, knives, and pepper spray by workers in the US labor force. Results indicated that collective security, routine work activities, and prior victimization, and perceptions of risk had significant effects on decisions to carry weapons for protection. Gender-specific models were also estimated in order to determine how these factors differed for men and women. Men and women differed on …
Creating Meaning In Engagement : Gender, Heterosexuality, And Commitment To Marriage, Erica Hunter
Creating Meaning In Engagement : Gender, Heterosexuality, And Commitment To Marriage, Erica Hunter
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation examines how heterosexual couples use engagement to create meaning in their intimate relationships. In-depth interviews with 44 men and women who identified as engaged to be married uncovered three pathways through which couples construct meanings of commitment to marriage within their partnerships. Neotraditional couples view marriage as a ritual tied to adult life and family planning. Promisemaker couples use engagement as a way of creating commitment to the partnership. Nestbuilder couples enact engagement because they viewed marriage as a natural step for long term commitments. Frameworks of gender, heteronormativity, and the ambiguity of courtship norms in post-dating culture …
Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement, Henda Yao Hsu
Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement, Henda Yao Hsu
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Since T.A Repetto first introduced crime displacement in 1976, situational crime prevention researchers have long been challenged by the assumption that displacement is an unavoidable consequence of focused crime prevention measures. Despite evidence that criminals do not inevitably shift their offending behavior in response to crime prevention initiatives, recent efforts to extend situational prevention to terrorism have been met with criticisms of displacement. This study examines whether terrorists displace their attacks by changing their methods once the opportunities to carry out acts of terrorism are blocked. To accomplish this, the author examines, through the use of the newly synthesized Global …
Different Patterns Among Caregivers In Their Utilization Of Formal Services And The Influence On Caregiver Burden And Health, Jeehoon Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study examined how older adults and their primary family caregivers utilized formal services; and how formal service utilizations were associated with the caregiver's burden and health status. Conceptually, the caregiver's stress/appraisal model was modified by adopting a relation between formal and informal care from health economics or policy.
Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency, Ryang Hui Kim
Adolescent Dating Experience And Delinquency, Ryang Hui Kim
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The research literature on adolescent development has discussed adolescent dating in relation to behavioral changes. However, very little discussion has been devoted to theoretical explanations of the intricacies involved in the relationship between the adolescent dating experience and the development of delinquent behavior. Consequently, there seems to be a lack of understanding as to how dating activities in adolescence influence delinquency, aside from a general consensus that adolescent dating tends to be related to deviant behavior.
Metropolitan Fragmentation Vs. New Regionalism And The Evolving Nature Of Metropolitan Governance : An Analysis Of Growth Politics And Policy In The Capital Region Of Upstate New York, Paul Thomas Knudson
Metropolitan Fragmentation Vs. New Regionalism And The Evolving Nature Of Metropolitan Governance : An Analysis Of Growth Politics And Policy In The Capital Region Of Upstate New York, Paul Thomas Knudson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Development in the urban and metropolitan context continues to be a vibrant area of scholarship and debate in the social sciences. This study continues and augments this research by examining two overarching issues: first, how development at the local level is impacted by fragmented political structures and inter-municipal relations, and second, the extent to which local, non-profit organizations and state agencies whose policies involve land-use planning and environmental conservation, are addressing issues of uneven- and parochial-centered development as a by-product of political fragmentation.
Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat
Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation provides an empirical exploration of Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which views the male propensity to engage in short term mating strategies--sexual promiscuity and violence--as the result of sexual selection. Within an environmental context, biological father and mother household presence are expected to inhibit the initiation of short-term mating strategies and increase parental investment--paternal and maternal attachments, supervision, and protection. Whereas, structural disadvantage--living in poverty and in dangerous neighborhoods--is predicted to increase the initiation of a short-term mating strategies and compromise the parents' ability to protect their children and by weakening paternal and maternal attachments, thereby increasing the …
The Impact Of Exposure To Domestic Violence On Developmental Trajectories Of Depressive Symptoms And Antisocial Behavior Across The Transition To Adulthood, Aely Park
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Principal Aims:
Dynamic Peer Networks : A Longitudinal Study Of Peer Influence On Delinquency During Adolescence, Carter Rees
Dynamic Peer Networks : A Longitudinal Study Of Peer Influence On Delinquency During Adolescence, Carter Rees
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this dissertation is to further understand who matters in the adolescent/peer delinquency relationship by exploring different definitions of the term friend and how changes in these friends are related to adolescent delinquency.
Residence Restriction Legislation, Sex Crime Rates, And The Spatial Distribution Of Sex Offender Residences, Kelly M. Socia
Residence Restriction Legislation, Sex Crime Rates, And The Spatial Distribution Of Sex Offender Residences, Kelly M. Socia
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Residence restrictions are one of the most recent, and most controversial, public policies seeking to protect community members from registered sex offenders (RSOs) reentering society following incarceration. Residence restriction policies prohibit RSOs from living within a given distance of certain places where children might gather (e.g., schools, daycares, parks, and playgrounds). In doing so, the expectation is that RSOs will have a harder time finding and approaching young children whom they can sexually assault, thus driving sexual recidivism rates down. These policies, first passed in 1995 at the state level and in 2005 at the county and local level, have …