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Touring Imprisonment: A Descriptive Statistical Analysis Of Prison Museums, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D. Dec 2011

Touring Imprisonment: A Descriptive Statistical Analysis Of Prison Museums, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Utopian Prison: Contradiction In Terms?, Jocelyn M. Pollock, Nancy Hogan, Eric Lambert, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D., Jody Sundt Dec 2011

Utopian Prison: Contradiction In Terms?, Jocelyn M. Pollock, Nancy Hogan, Eric Lambert, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D., Jody Sundt

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


The Dissemination Of Criminological And Criminal Justice Knowledge And Practice: A Profile Of People's Republic Of China Scholars Who Earn Doctorates In The United States, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D., Mengyan Dai Dec 2011

The Dissemination Of Criminological And Criminal Justice Knowledge And Practice: A Profile Of People's Republic Of China Scholars Who Earn Doctorates In The United States, Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D., Mengyan Dai

Jeffrey Ian Ross Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Books And Bikes. Noises And Voices Of Veterans, Esmeralda Kleinreesink, Rene Moelker Dec 2011

Books And Bikes. Noises And Voices Of Veterans, Esmeralda Kleinreesink, Rene Moelker

Esmeralda Kleinreesink

A comparison of narratives from two distinct groups of Dutch veterans: bikers and soldier-authors.


Evaluating The Persistence Of Subsistence Work In Contemporary Economies: Some Lessons From Moscow, Colin C. Williams, Peter Rodgers Dec 2011

Evaluating The Persistence Of Subsistence Work In Contemporary Economies: Some Lessons From Moscow, Colin C. Williams, Peter Rodgers

Colin C Williams

Purpose – Contrary to the view that the subsistence economy is some minor residue persisting in
only a few peripheral enclaves of modern economies, the purpose of this paper is to begin to chart the
importance and prevalence of subsistence work across the contemporary economic landscape and the
reasons underpinning engagement in this form of non-commodified labour.
Design/methodology/approach – To do so, the extent of, and reasons for, subsistence production
amongst those living in contemporary Moscow is evaluated using face-to-face interviews with
313 households in affluent, mixed and deprived districts.
Findings – It was found that subsistence work is a …


Where The Wild Things Aren't: Exhibiting Nature In American Zoos, David Grazian Dec 2011

Where The Wild Things Aren't: Exhibiting Nature In American Zoos, David Grazian

David Grazian

No abstract provided.


Women’S Status In The Context Of International Migration, Chien-Juh Gu Dec 2011

Women’S Status In The Context Of International Migration, Chien-Juh Gu

Chien-Juh Gu

No abstract provided.


Review Of Women's Movements In Twentieth-Century Taiwan, Chien-Juh Gu Dec 2011

Review Of Women's Movements In Twentieth-Century Taiwan, Chien-Juh Gu

Chien-Juh Gu

No abstract provided.


Youth Victimization: School Climate Or Deviant Lifestyles?, Heather Zaykowski, Whitney Decamp Dec 2011

Youth Victimization: School Climate Or Deviant Lifestyles?, Heather Zaykowski, Whitney Decamp

Whitney DeCamp

Despite much focus on school violence, there has been little research that explores the relationship between offending and victimization in various school climates. School climate theory suggests that the school’s social system, culture, milieu and ecological structure impact student outcomes including academic performance, delinquency and more recently, victimization. Hierarchical analysis of data from 5,037 11th grade students in 33 schools found that offending behavior was the strongest predictor for both minor and more serious forms of victimization. School climate, specifically the social cohesion of schools, reduced serious violent victimization risk. However, school climate did not impact the relationship between offending …


Desisting From Prescription Drug Abuse: An Application Of Growth Models To Rx Opioid Users, Whitney Decamp, Steven P. Kurtz, Nicholas W. Bakken, Daniel J. O’Connell Dec 2011

Desisting From Prescription Drug Abuse: An Application Of Growth Models To Rx Opioid Users, Whitney Decamp, Steven P. Kurtz, Nicholas W. Bakken, Daniel J. O’Connell

Whitney DeCamp

Modern desistance research has examined many facets of desistance, both in terms of theoretical predictors of desistance and recidivism, and in terms of differing types of offending. Though predicting desistance from illegal drug use is among these topics, no research to date has examined the predictors of desisting from prescription opioid abuse. This study uses longitudinal data from 318 prescription opioid users to analyze the effects of various predictors of desistance on declining nonmedical prescription opioid use, with an emphasis on gender differences among participants. Results indicate theoretical and demographic characteristics correspond with differing rates of decline and further vary …


Self-Cutting And Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents: Gender Differences In The Causes And Correlates Of Self-Injury, Nicholas W. Bakken, Whitney Decamp Dec 2011

Self-Cutting And Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents: Gender Differences In The Causes And Correlates Of Self-Injury, Nicholas W. Bakken, Whitney Decamp

Whitney DeCamp

In recent years, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents has been identified as alarmingly common place. Some studies have suggested that more than one in eight adolescents have engaged in self-cutting or other self-injuring behaviors. Even more of a concern is that self-injury often foreshadows suicide or suicide attempts. With self-cutting common in middle and high schools, understanding the antecedents and correlates of such behavior may help counselors and others public health officials identify troubled students and initiate preventative measures. This study utilizes data from 2,639 high school students from the Delaware Youth Risk Behavior Survey to investigate the gender differences …


Causal Or Spurious: Using Propensity Score Matching To Detangle The Relationship Between Violent Video Games And Violent Behavior, Whitney Decamp, Kevin Daly Dec 2011

Causal Or Spurious: Using Propensity Score Matching To Detangle The Relationship Between Violent Video Games And Violent Behavior, Whitney Decamp, Kevin Daly

Whitney DeCamp

Throughout the past decade, numerous states have passed legislation to prohibit the sale of violent video games to children, usually in conjunction with an argument that exposure to violent media increases violent behavior. However, the link between video games and violence is not yet fully understood. This study uses propensity score matching as a method to more adequately address the underlying issue of causality. Using a sample of 6,567 8th grade students, these analyses test whether there is a causal link between playing violent video games and violence, non-violent deviance and substance use. Results indicate a substantial decrease in the …


The Many Measurements Of Self-Control: How Reoperationalized Self-Control Compares, Whitney Decamp, Nicholas W. Bakken Dec 2011

The Many Measurements Of Self-Control: How Reoperationalized Self-Control Compares, Whitney Decamp, Nicholas W. Bakken

Whitney DeCamp

Since Gottfredson and Hirschi’s ‘A General Theory of Crime’ was published in 1990, self-control has become a major focus in criminological theory and research and the issue of measuring self-control has been the topic of many debates. Much of this research has used Grasmick and colleagues’ 1993 attitudinal scale. In 2004, Hirschi provided a new definition for self-control designed to spur new measurements of the concept. Despite this effort, only Piquero and Bouffard (2007) have provided an in-depth attempt to measure the redefined concept. This study replicates the Piquero and Bouffard measurement and a traditional measure of self-control in order …


Debating Empirical Questions On The Internet: Rival Claims About Crowd Sizes Of The Glenn Beck/Stewart-Colbert Rallies, Whitney Decamp, Joel Best Dec 2011

Debating Empirical Questions On The Internet: Rival Claims About Crowd Sizes Of The Glenn Beck/Stewart-Colbert Rallies, Whitney Decamp, Joel Best

Whitney DeCamp

Analysts argue that the Internet can democratize the construction of social problems and reduce claimsmakers’ dependence on coverage in traditional media. This paper examines Internet claims about the relative sizes of 2010 rallies on the Washington, D.C. National Mall hosted by Glenn Beck and Jon Stewart/Stephen Colbert. Because crowd size is understood to be an index for the popularity of social causes, and because the two rallies were taken to stand for opposing positions in the culture war, numerous advocates offered competing analyses of the crowds’ relative sizes. Analysis of these claims suggests that the Internet offers a forum where …


Creating Conditions Of Mattering To Enhance Persistence For Black Males At An Historically Black University., Robert T. Palmer, Phd, Dina C. Maramba, Phd Dec 2011

Creating Conditions Of Mattering To Enhance Persistence For Black Males At An Historically Black University., Robert T. Palmer, Phd, Dina C. Maramba, Phd

Robert T. Palmer, PhD

strong body of research has documented the supportive environments of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs), and discussed their impact on facilitating student success. Notwithstanding the consistency of these findings, recent evidence indicates low graduation rates at HBCUs, especially among Black men. Using the voices of four student affairs practitioners and Schlossberg’s theory of marginality and mattering, data from this article suggest that HBCUs could be more proactive in creating conditions of mattering to enhance persistence for Black men. Implications for institutional practice and future research are discussed.


Black Men In College: Implications For Hbcus And Beyond, Robert T. Palmer, Phd, J. Luke Wood, Phd Dec 2011

Black Men In College: Implications For Hbcus And Beyond, Robert T. Palmer, Phd, J. Luke Wood, Phd

Robert T. Palmer, PhD

Black Men in College provides vital information about how to effectively support, retain, and graduate Black male undergraduates. This edited collection centers on the notion that Black male collegians are not a homogenous group; rather, they are representative of rarely acknowledged differences that exist among them. This valuable text suggests that understanding these differences is critical to making true in-roads in serving Black men. Chapter contributors describe the diverse challenges Black men in HBCUs face and discuss how to support and retain high-achieving men, gay men, academically unprepared men, low-income men, men in STEM, American immigrants, millennials, collegiate fathers, those …


"Diamond In The Rough:” The Impact Of A Remedial Program On College Access And Opportunity For Black Males At An Historically Black Institution, Robert T. Palmer, Ryan J. Davis Dec 2011

"Diamond In The Rough:” The Impact Of A Remedial Program On College Access And Opportunity For Black Males At An Historically Black Institution, Robert T. Palmer, Ryan J. Davis

Robert T. Palmer, PhD

Researchers, policymakers, and administrations have shown great concern over the efficacy of college remediation, which has prompted some states to eliminate remedial programs from public 4-year institutions. However, research suggests that eliminating these programs may have unintended consequences on college access and opportunity for underrepresented minority students, particularly African Americans. This study explores the impact of a remedial program on 11 African-American male students at a public 4-year historically Black institution. Findings illuminate the importance of college remediation in promoting college access and opportunity for underprepared Black male students, and how remedial programs increase academic and social integration for these …


Confrontations And Donation: Encounters Between Homeless Pet Owners And The Public, Leslie Irvine, Jesse M. Smith, Kristina N. Kahl Dec 2011

Confrontations And Donation: Encounters Between Homeless Pet Owners And The Public, Leslie Irvine, Jesse M. Smith, Kristina N. Kahl

Leslie Irvine, PhD

This study examines the interactions between homeless pet owners and the domiciled public with a focus on how the activities of pet ownership help construct positive personal identities. Homeless people are often criticized for having pets. They counter these attacks using open and contained responses to stigmatization. More often, they redefine pet ownership to incorporate how they provide for their animals, challenging definitions that require a physical home. Homeless pet owners thus create a positive moral identity by emphasizing that they feed their animals first and give them freedom that the pets of the domiciled lack. Through what we call …


De-Medicalizing Addiction: Toward Biocultural Understandings, Kerwin A. Kaye Dec 2011

De-Medicalizing Addiction: Toward Biocultural Understandings, Kerwin A. Kaye

Kerwin Kaye

This chapter critically examines efforts to destigmatize addiction through the creation of a diagnostic category and medicalization. It further critiques ‘‘realist’’ accounts of neuro-scientific knowledge, proposing instead a ‘‘biocultural’’ framework that enables a more multifaceted understanding of drug problems that leads back to questions of biopolitics.


Powerful Questions - Police Tactical Psychology Bulletin, Rodger E. Broome Phd Dec 2011

Powerful Questions - Police Tactical Psychology Bulletin, Rodger E. Broome Phd

Rodger E. Broome

Powerful questions are those questions that lead the person asked to reflect. What this means is that by asking powerful questions, an officer can lead a witness or suspect to mine their own mind to seek answers. There are tactical ways in which this concept can be used.


Between “Metaphysics Of The Stone Age” And The “Brave New World”: H.L.A. Hart On The Law’S Assumptions About Human Nature, Péter Cserne Dec 2011

Between “Metaphysics Of The Stone Age” And The “Brave New World”: H.L.A. Hart On The Law’S Assumptions About Human Nature, Péter Cserne

Péter Cserne

This paper analyses H.L.A. Hart’s views on the epistemic character of the law’s assumptions about human behaviour, as articulated in Causation in the Law and Punishment and Responsibility. Hart suggests that the assumptions behind legal doctrines typically combine common sense factual beliefs, moral intuitions, and philosophical theories of earlier ages with sound moral principles, and empirical knowledge. An important task of legal theory is to provide a ‘rational and critical foundation’ for these doctrines. This does not only imply conceptual clarification in light of an epistemic ideal of objectivity but also involves legal theorists in ‘enlightenment’ about empirical facts, ‘demystification’ …


参考文献 - 江戸時代の女性の噂, Cecilia (淑子) S. Seigle (瀬川) Ph.D. Dec 2011

参考文献 - 江戸時代の女性の噂, Cecilia (淑子) S. Seigle (瀬川) Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Subjective Well-Being Of The Post-80s Generation In Hong Kong:Implications For Social And Political Stability., Joanne Ip, Xiaogang Wu Dec 2011

Subjective Well-Being Of The Post-80s Generation In Hong Kong:Implications For Social And Political Stability., Joanne Ip, Xiaogang Wu

Xiaogang Wu

No abstract provided.


Scenes From A Power Struggle: The Rise Of Retail Investors In The Us Stock Market, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2011

Scenes From A Power Struggle: The Rise Of Retail Investors In The Us Stock Market, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

This chapter examines the mass movement of Americans into investing during the 1990s as both a consequence and a cause of contested power between corporations and individuals. This movement was part of a larger historical pattern of economically marginalized people consolidating their power through associational strategies in the realm of finance. Using US investment clubs as a case study, the chapter draws on Foucault’s theories to illuminate the bilateral power structure of modern capitalism, in which market institutions and small groups at the grassroots level mutually influence one another. While the investment club movement was in part a response to …


Trust And Estate Planning: The Emergence Of A Profession And Its Contribution To Socioeconomic Inequality, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2011

Trust And Estate Planning: The Emergence Of A Profession And Its Contribution To Socioeconomic Inequality, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

This article offers a new perspective on the connection between socioeconomic inequality and occupations by examining the impact of trust and estate planners on global wealth stratification. While many studies treat the professions as mirrors of inequalities in their environments, this article looks at the ways professionals participate in the creation of stratification regimes. Trust and estate planners do this by sheltering their clients’ assets from taxation, thereby preserving private wealth for future generations. Using tools such as trusts, offshore banks, and shell corporations, these professionals keep a significant portion of the world’s private wealth beyond the reach of the …


The Sociology Of Financial Fraud, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2011

The Sociology Of Financial Fraud, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

If there is an Urtext for the sociology of fraud, it is surely Herman Melville’s 1857 novel "The Confidence Man . This “parable of the market economy” (Mihm 2007:4) follows the title character over the course of a day (April Fool’s Day, of course) as he plies his trade on a steamboat cruising down the Mississippi River—his trade being the extraction of money from his fellow passengers on pretexts ranging from donations to loans. The confidence man succeeds, Melville writes, not just because of his skill, but because the boat (much like the market as conceived in economic theory) is …


From Trustees To Wealth Managers, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2011

From Trustees To Wealth Managers, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

This chapter will address the question: why did trusteeship become a profession in its own right after centuries as a voluntary undertaking? The question ties into the core themes of this volume because trustees are central actors in the intergenerational transmission of wealth, and, as a result, shape patterns of inequality (Harrington, 2012a). Trustees – now more often known as wealth managers– create and oversee the structures that allow families to remain wealthy over multiple generations.


Shame And Stock Market Losses: The Case Of Amateur Investors In The Us., Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2011

Shame And Stock Market Losses: The Case Of Amateur Investors In The Us., Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

Losing money evokes a host of emotions, most of them painful. In his earliest work, Adam Smith wrote of the “embarrassment” and shame associated with financial losses, with bankruptcy being “the greatest and most humiliating calamity” of all (2010 [1776]: 149). More recently, the financial crisis of 2008 has been defined by shame, guilt, and anger, both at the individual and collective levels (Brasset and Clarke 2012). As United States Treasury Secretary Hank Paulson observed, “we have in many ways humiliated ourselves as a nation” (2008). These emotions may be particularly troubling for Americans, used to regarding their country as …


National Giving Campaigns In The United States: Entertainment, Empathy, And The National Peer Group, Christopher J. Einolf Dec 2011

National Giving Campaigns In The United States: Entertainment, Empathy, And The National Peer Group, Christopher J. Einolf

Christopher J Einolf

This study presents a narrative history and quantitative analysis of national campaigns in the United States, and analyzes how successful campaigns provide entertainment, foster empathy, and develop a national peer group with norms and networks that encourage giving. Our historical survey found that charity telethons flourished in the 1960’s and 1970’s, but changes in tax regulations and competition from other networks and cable television led most of them to discontinue operations in the 1980’s and 1990’s. In recent years, internet and text messaging fundraising have become important, but benefit concerts continue to generate a significant percentage of total revenues. In …