Digital Commons Network^™

Environmental Law: The Policy Implications Of The Reaction To Climate Change, Federalist Society

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

Fighting Piracy: Experiences In Southeast Asia And Off The Horn Of Africa, Dr. Robert M. Farley, Ph.D., Yoav Gortzak

Journal of Strategic Security

The recent surge in acts of maritime piracy in the waters off the Horn of Africa stands in sharp contrast to a steep decline of such acts in Southeast Asia. In this study, we compare the development of the problem of piracy in both Southeast Asia and the Horn of Africa. We find that four main elements contributed to the recent decline in piracy in Southeast Asia: U.S. hegemonic interests, existing and emergent international institutions, bilateral relations among regional actors, and the density of naval forces in the region. Unfortunately, not all of these conditions are present in the Horn …

Most Popular Downloads -- January 2009

Institutional Repository Information

January saw 102,754 downloads, from 20,092 available open-access articles.
74% of available articles were downloaded at least once. The average for all articles was 5.11 downloads.

Articles with 150 or more downloads were:

Electronic Rodent Repellent Devices: A Review of Efficacy Test Protocols and Regulatory Actions http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/nwrcrepellants/34 676
Christian Binek: List of Publications http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/physicsbinek/1 526
Arthur Paul Afghanistan Collection Bibliography - Volume II: English and European Languages (2000) http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/afghanenglish/13 463
The Constitutions of the Free-Masons (1734). An Online Electronic Edition. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libraryscience/25 419
Role of Esterase gp70 and Its Influence on Growth and Development of Dictyostelium discoideum http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscimicro/77 382
EFFECTS OF …

The Impact Of Psychological-Cultural Factors On Concepts Of Fighting Terrorism, Sybille Reinke De Buitrago

Journal of Strategic Security

The aim of this paper is to show how counterterrorism measures and policy are shaped by the national frame of reference of a country, here in particular the United States. This insight is important not only in the interpretation of political developments but also in the formulation of policy responding to these developments. A better awareness of the influence of the American national reference frame can aid policy makers to formulate effective and constructive policy.

Book Reviews, Colonel Michael D. Kohn, Edward M. Roche, Keely M. Fahoum, David G. Popp, Donald J. Goldstein, Stephen Iannucci, Mark J. Roberts

Journal of Strategic Security

The Intelligence Wars: Lessons from Baghdad by Steven K.O'Hern.

Spies for Hire: The Secret World of Intelligence Outsourcing by Tim Shorrock.

The Shadow Factory: The Ultra-Secret NSA from 9/11 to the Eavesdropping on America by James Bamford.

Human Intelligence, Counterterrorism, and National Leadership: A Practical Guide by Gary Berntsen.

Executive Measures, Terrorism, and National Security—Have the Rules of the Game Changed? by David Bonner.

The Human Factor: Inside the CIA's Dysfunctional Intelligence Culture by Ishmael Jones.

The Lost Spy: An American in Stalin's Secret Service by Andrew Meier.

Threats to Homeland Security: An All-Hazards Perspective. Edited by Richard J. Kilroy, …

Grand Valley Forum, Volume 033, Number 18, January 26, 2009, Grand Valley State University

2008-2009, Volume 33

Grand Valley Forum is Grand Valley State's faculty and staff newsletter, published from 1976 to the present.

Prospectus, January 21, 2009, Patrick Wood, Jesse Woodrum, Nada Youssef, Chuck Shepherd, Sean Hermann, Cassandra Cunningham

Prospectus 2009

No abstract provided.

Borderless Bits: Electronic Globalization And Its Social Consequences, Nikhilesh Dholakia

College of Business Faculty Publications

Globalization of services with the aid of electronic technologies - popularly called outsourcing or offshoring - has been accelerating. In this paper, the factors that drive electronic globalization - as distinct from factors that drive the general process of globalization - are discussed briefly. A simple model of a 2-firm USA-India dyad engaged in outsourcing relationships is presented to outline the economic basis for electronic globalization. By introducing wider political and cultural forces, progressively more complex views of the electronic globalization phenomenon are presented. Finally, the interplays of the economic, political, and cultural forces are explored to arrive at a …

U.S. Army/ U.S. Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Center (Coin), Cisr

Global CWD Repository

As we prosecute the current campaigns in Iraq, Afghanistan, the Horn of Africa, and the Philippines, the military must also prepare for an uncertain security situation beyond the present theaters of conflict. It is a future that will be heavily influenced by global competition for declining natural resources, rapidly rising populations in underprivileged and underdeveloped areas, unstable economic markets, and the continuing resurgence of violent religious and secular ideologies challenging democracy as a credible political theory. Additionally, U.S. Force must account for the impact of rapid information transfer, porous national borders, globalization, increased indigent migrating populations with elevated expectations, and …

Lanthorn, Vol. 43, No. 32, January 5, 2009, Grand Valley State University

Volume 43, July 10, 2008 - June 7, 2009

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.

H. M. Chauke Research Of African Hlengwe People, Happyson William Matsilele Chauke, Tillerman Houser

ATS Digital Resources

This is a collection of historical and cultural research works about the vaHlengwe people of Zimbabwe, created by Happyson Chauke before his untimely death by a hit and run driver in 2009. It was compiled by his friend Tillman Houser, who spent 35 years as a missionary to Zimbabwe under the Free Methodist Church. The bulk of the collection is comprised of the book entitled: "The miracle of Lundi Mission: lest we forget."

From Greed To Grievance: The Shifting Political Profile Of The Colombian Paramilitaries, Winifred Tate

Faculty Scholarship

On June 28, 2004, indicted drug trafficker and paramilitary leader Salvatore Mancuso, wearing a fashionable Italian suit and tie, addressed the Colombian Congress from the podium. "The judgment of history will recognize the goodness and nobility of our cause," he told the assembled legislators and press. The day before, Mancuso, along with two other paramilitary leaders, had traveled in an official air force plane from the small northern Colombia hamlet where paramilitary leaders had assembled to begin talks with the Colombian government. After almost a decade of fighting outside the law, Mancuso was now addressing the heart of the state, …

The Dark Side Of The Band Of Brothers: Explaining Unit Participation In War Crimes, Christi L. Siver

Political Science Faculty Publications

On July 25, 1950, an American infantry unit killed a large number of refugees near the South Korean village of No Gun Ri. On December 12, 1948, a British patrol killed twenty-five civilians near the Malayan village of Batang Kali. On March 16, 1993, members of the Canadian Airborne Regiment beat a Somali teenager to death. While each of these events is horrific, they also represent only one side of the story; many units in these conflicts, facing similar threats, did not kill civilians. This variation raises a critical question: why do some units participate in war crimes while others …

Issues Regarding The Early Development Of Caddo Culture Discussion Topics For The East Texas Caddo Research Group, December 2008, Jeffery S. Girard

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Is there a consensus regarding which archaeological traits are diagnostic of Caddo culture? What are the necessary and sufficient traits for designating a context as “Caddo” as opposed to, for example, “pre-Caddo” or “Coles Creek?”

Run Out Of The Gallery: The Changing Nature Of Irish Political Journalism, Kevin Rafter

Articles

THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES THE evolution of parliamentary and political reporting in Ireland and builds on earlier work by Foley (1993) and Horgan (2001). It considers the changing nature of Irish political journalism and the loss of influence of the Parliamentary Press Gallery and its constituent part, the Political Correspondents Group. This analysis takes place against a backdrop of continuing very high interest in politics in Ireland. During the 2007 general election, the television debate between Bertie Ahern and Enda Kenny, the leaders of the two main political parties, had an average audience of 941000 – a national audience share of …

Brazilians, French, And Americans Debate 9/11: Cultural Scripts Of Innocence And Culpability, Laura Robinson

Sociology

The research examines Brazilian, French, and American discourse regarding the events of September 11, 2001. The article illuminates culturally specific constructions of guilt and innocence that emerged in online communities of discourse fora. The fora were hosted by flagship national newspapers in each respective country: O Estado de Sao Paulo, Le Monde, and The New York Times. The study reveals two parallel overarching scripts regarding culpability for 9/11 that appear across the three cases. However, analysis also illuminates differences in the culturally situated tropes used to determine moral concern in each forum. Together, these two levels of analysis uncover how …

Identification Of Transnational Threats, Stephen R. Bowers, Stephen M. Parke

Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the past, the starting point for threat identification was the nation state. Today, national boundaries have lost much of their significance and global forces lacking identifiable national frontiers represent a real threat to US security.

New technologies have facilitated the development of advanced terrorist methodologies and tactics.

A new and increasingly significant threat is hostile forces which operate within the borders of states which are friendly to the United States.

American universities are increasingly vulnerable to new transnational threats by virtue of the opportunities they present for acquisition of dual use technological skills.

With its new cellular structure, terrorism …

Domestic Radical Islamic Insurgency By Ones And Twos And The Politics Of Self-Delusion, Robert J. Bunker, Hakim Hazim

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

The contention being made is that governmental officials are downplaying a threat to the US homeland—that compromised of a small, yet virulent, component of domestic radical Islamic insurgency derived from the actions of one and two man cells. While a well intended policy, such actions may be in actuality setting up our nation for some sort of disaster down the road.

Violent Non-State Actors In 2030: Suggested Dutch Armed Forces Response, Robert J. Bunker

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

C2 Domain Ontology Within Our Lifetime, Leslie Winters, Andreas Tolk

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Agile Command and Control (C2) requires agile information sharing with an increasingly wide variety of military and non-military partners. While current net-centric approaches may improve information sharing within a particular niche of C2, they do not support information sharing across the larger C2 domain. Although not a silver bullet, the development and application of a C2 domain ontology to improve C2 data and service integration appears to be increasingly realistic. In fact, there are several examples of successful ontology applications in domains such as medicine, biology, and engineering, and the new discipline of Applied Ontology is emerging. C2 data, architecture, …

Applying The Information Age Combat Model: Quantitative Analysis Of Network Centric Operations, Sean Deller, Shannon R. Bowling, Ghaith A. Rabadi, Andreas Tolk, Michael I. Bell

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

The nature of and the approach to command and control is evolving in order to meet the challenges of Information Age warfare. One of the main tasks of command and control is the arrangement of the assets within a combat force in order to ensure their ability to manage and exploit information. Connectivity between the various assets represents existence, capacity, reliability, and other attributes of links establishing the connectivity. The Information Age Combat Model was introduced by Cares in 2005 to contribute to the development of an understanding of the influence of connectivity on force effectiveness that can lead eventually …

Applying Model-Based Data Engineering To Evaluate The Alignment Of Information Modeled Within Jc3iedm, Msdl, And Matrex-Fom, Anil Ustun, Andreas Tolk, Saikou Diallo

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

The need for a common representation of entities and their relations to support the easier composition and federation of independently developed solutions in support of the user has been identified and addressed in several papers presented during recent simulation interoperability workshop. One of the underlying assumptions is that standards derived from the same conceptual domain can easily be converted into each others, as they deal with the same concepts. In a project conducted for the U.S. Army’s Program Executive Office (PEO) Soldier, three of such solutions for military operations (with focus on the land forces) were utilized to capture the …

Examining The Invisibility Of Girl-To-Girl Bullying In The Schools: A Call To Action, Suzanne Soohoo

Education Faculty Articles and Research

"It does not matter whether one is 13, 33, or 53 years old, but if you are female, chances are that other girls have bullied you sometime in your lifetime. Bullying is not the kind of abuse that leaves broken bones; rather, it is a dehumanizing experience that manifests itself in the form of rumor spreading, name calling, psychological manipulation, character assassination, and social exclusion. Female teachers who are former victims of girl bullies or who themselves have been complicit with girl-to-girl bullying, consistently casting a blind eye to this ritualized social degradation, allowing it to continue generation after generation. …

Japan's Preventive Strategy: Secure The World—The National Defense Program Guidelines In And After Fy 2010, Tadashi Watanabe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Japanese government is now reviewing the National Defense Program Guidelines in and after FY 2005 (NDPG 04), and this review will be completed by the end of this year. Even though NDPG 04 provides Japan's security and defense policy vision to FY 2014, the government nevertheless has decided to change it completely. The purpose of this thesis is to know the reason why the Japanese government has decided to change NDPG 04 completely, the likely contents of NDPG 09, and NDPG 09's effect on the US-Japan alliance.

The globalizing international society and threats have been increasingly diversified and multi-polarized …

A Clash Of Worldviews: The Impact Of Modern Western Notion Of Progress On Indigenous Naga Culture, Tezenlo Thong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The term "progress" is a modern Western notion that life is always improving and advancing toward an ideal state. It is a vital modern concept which underlies geographic explorations and scientific and technological inventions as well as the desire to harness nature in order to increase human beings' ease and comfort. With the advent of Western colonization and to the great detriment of the colonized, the notion of progress began to perniciously and pervasively permeate across cultures.

During the classical colonial period, Western anthropologists, sociologists and others had hypothesized, or at least ardently bought into the notion, that human beings, …

Service Delivery Models Of Orthopedic Donations To Low Income Nations, Jean Elizabeth Sigaran

Theses Digitization Project

This study focused on the program designs of nonprofit organizations that deliver orthopedic supplies to low income nations. Successful organizations, whether for profit or not for profit, must consider many factors when creating an effective program design. This study investigated the role stakeholders played in orthopedic supply delivery and what factors contribute to an efficient distribution of resources.

Luciano Bianciardi’S Aprire Il Fuoco: On The Function Of Literature In Society, Stefano Giannini

Languages, Literatures, and Linguistics - All Scholarship

This is the first article to assess the importance of Luciano Bianciardi’s last novel, Aprire il fuoco [Open Fire!](1969), a work often overlooked, that offers crucial insights into Bianciardi’s commitments to social causes. A so-called “irregular” of 20th-century Italian literary panorama, Luciano Bianciardi (1922-1971) in his Aprire il fuoco discusses his idea of literature as an activity that must aim at assuming the role of ethical guide in societies. In my article, I gloss the often obscure historical and literary references of the novel, and provide a critical assessment of its impact.

Rising Through The Ranks: Women In War, Rosemary L. Meszaros

DLPS Faculty Publications

This book will examine the evolving role of American women in the military, contrasting the Vietnam experiences with those of the Persian Gulf War, and including the Panama, Libya, and Grenada military actions. Beginning with the historical tradition of women in the United States military, the study will focus on changes in American society brought about by the Women's Rights Movement and America's involvement in Vietnam and how both affected women in the military. A discussion of the aftermath of the Persian Gulf War will concentrate on the Presidential Commission on the Assignment of Women in the Armed Forces and …

Digging Paradise: Historical And Archeological Miscellany Of The U.S. Virgin Islands, Kenneth Baumgardt

The Bridge

During the 1980's and 1990's, the firm of MAAR Associates of Newark, Delaware, conducted more than thirty archeological investigations of the prehistoric sites and Danish Plantations of the U. S. Virgin Islands. These studies were conducted to fulfill the requirements of the National Historic Preservation Act prior to proposed hotel construction there. However, after the islands were devastated by Hurricane Hugo in 1987, many of these projects were never built. Nonetheless, a great volume of information about the history and prehistory of the Virgin Islands was collected. This study will provide a compilation of some of the discoveries made during …

Scoping Study Of The Effects Of Aging On Landmines, Cisr

Global CWD Repository

During the past year, the Mine Action Information Center at James Madison University has partnered with a British EOD consultancy company, C King Associates Ltd, to conduct a preliminary study into the effects of aging on landmines. This project entailed examination and disassembly of several types of anti-personnel mines, a literature review of relevant material and analysis of the initial findings.