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The Guardian, February 12, 2003, Wright State University Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

Twenty page issue of The Guardian, the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. The Guardian has been published regularly since March of 1965.

Central Florida Future, Vol. 35 No. 35, January 16, 2003

Central Florida Future

Consolidation companies groan over student loans; Attack renews push for gay protections; Web wins students' attention in wired classrooms.

Aids, Orphans, And Development In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review Of The Dilemma Of Public Health And Development, Joe Lugalla

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

HIV/AIDS is having devastating consequences on families, young children, and other vulnerable social groups. In this paper, I review the impact of HIV/AIDS on families and development in sub-Saharan Africa. I begin by showing the magnitude of the problem and the factors that have led to rapid spread of HIV/AIDS in this sub-continent. I discuss gender inequality, poverty, social inequality, and globalization, and show how these facilitate the rapid spread of the epidemic. I show how AIDS is creating a mass of orphans on the one hand, and how it is impacting development and creating new public health contradictions on …

Keeping The Place: Methodology For Culture-Specific Design Related To The Changing Form Of Housing Compounds In Tanzania., Shannon Chance, Livin H. Mosha

Conference papers

No abstract provided.

Application Of Robustness Analysis For Developing A Procedure For Better Urban Transportation Planning Decisions, Deogratias Eustace, Eugene R. Russell, E. Dean Landman

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Engineering Mechanics Faculty Publications

This paper shows that robustness analysis is a technique with a potential for aiding decision makers in choosing transportation investment projects. In this paper, it has been demonstrated that it can be successfully used in urban transportation planning in conjunction with urban travel demand software. The robustness analysis procedure emphasizes the need, under conditions of uncertainty, to make early decisions in a time-phased sequence, while preserving future options that currently seem attractive. The results of the robustness analysis from the case study used in this paper indicate that the method is simple to understand, easy to use, minimizes future surprises …

Non-Consensual Sexual Experiences Of Young People: A Review Of The Evidence From Developing Countries, Shireen J. Jejeebhoy, Sarah Bott

Reproductive Health

Although there is increasing evidence of risky consensual sex among young people in developing countries, non-consensual sexual experiences among them have rarely been studied and few interventions have been designed to protect them from the risks of such experiences. However, what is available suggests that coercion and unwantedness may play a considerable role in the sexual relations of young people—girls and young women but also boys and young men. The implications of non-consensual sexual experiences for young people’s rights, their health and development and the risks they pose in the transition to adulthood are enormous. This review collates what is …

Seat Belt Use Compliance In Kansas, Deogratias Eustace, Teresa M. C. Bartel

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Engineering Mechanics Faculty Publications

Passenger vehicle occupant restraints are regarded as the easiest and the most effective way of reducing the number of highway fatalities. Strong vehicle occupant protection enforcement laws are regarded as the most effective way to increase seat belt use. The increase in restraint use in the United States and other countries has been largely attributed to mandatory seat belt use legislation. Many fatalities and injuries in motor vehicle crashes could be avoided if more passengers used their seat belts. Studies have shown that primary laws have been more effective in seat belt use compliance than secondary laws. Also, legislation has …

Are Sexual Promiscuity And Relationship Infidelity Linked To Different Personality Traits Across Cultures? Findings From The International Sexuality Description Project, David P. Schmitt

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

Over 17,000 participants responded to self-report measures of sexuality and personality as part of the International Sexuality Description Project. It was expected that romantic relationship infidelity would be associated with the personality traits of disagreeableness and a lack of conscientiousness across most cultures. Sexual promiscuity, on the other hand, was expected to relate to extraversion across most cultures. Analyses across 58 cultures from 52 nations revealed that romantic relationship infidelity was significantly associated with disagreeableness and low levels of conscientiousness across most cultures. Sexual promiscuity was related to extraversion across many, but not most, cultural regions. The expected pattern of …

The Elderly And Aids: Coping Strategies And Health Consequences In Rural Tanzania, Julia Dayton, Martha Ainsworth

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The elderly are often especially likely to be adversely affected by the death from AIDS of prime-aged adults. The authors use a longitudinal survey of households from northwestern Tanzania in 1991-94 to compare the activities and wellbeing of the elderly in households before and after the death of a prime-aged adult with those of the elderly in households that did not experience the death of an adult. A significant proportion of adults suffering from AIDS return to their parents’ home shortly before death. Time spent by the elderly performing household chores rises following an adult’s death, and their participation in …

Communicating About Aids-Changes In Understanding And Coping With Help Of Language In Urban Kagera, Tanzania, Aldin Mutembei, Maria Emmelin, Joe Lugalla, Lars Dahlgren

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

Faced with the problems of HIV/AIDS, people have to find ways to communicate around them. The aim of this paper is to mirror changes over time in the Kagera people's social cognition regarding HIV/AIDS, using their own language as a tracer of this process. Focus group discussions and personal and group interviews conducted during 1992 to 1995 in urban Bukoba, Kagera, constitute the basis for an analysis of metaphorical expressions in use since 1985. Pronounced uncertainty is later transformed into a deeper understanding of the pandemic and an increased disposition to cope with the situation. Knowledge about the socio-linguistic expressions …

Development And Implementation Of Uniform Safety Standards For Inland Waterways Vessels And Non-Convention Craft In Africa : The Case Of The Southern African Development Community (Sadc), Tasiyana Wisdom Tengananwo Kamanga

World Maritime University Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the enhancement of maritime safety and environmental protection in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) through the development and implementation of uniform regional safety standards. The study looks at a multiplicity of issues to be considered to achieve the desired goal. A brief look is taken of the existing legislative framework and institutional arrangements in the region both in the dissertation and annexes. Initiatives being taken both at national level and regional level to address the problems will be analysed with emphasis on those taken at regional level. The study also looks at diverse issues of …

Mapping 'New' Geographies Of Religion: Politics And Poetics In Modernity, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article reviews geographical research on religion in the 1990s, and highlights work from neighbouring disciplines where relevant. Contrary to views that the field is incoherent, I suggest that much of the literature pays attention to several key themes, particularly, the politics and poetics of religious place, identity and community. I illustrate the key issues, arguments and conceptualizations in these areas, and suggest various ways forward. These 'new' geographies emphasize different sites of religious practice beyond the 'officially sacred'; different sensuous sacred geographies; different religions in different historical and place-specific contexts; different geographical scales of analysis; different constitutions of population …

Urban Terrorism: Strategies For Mitigating Terrorist Attacks Against The Domestic Urban Environment, John J. Kiefer

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Management

This study identifies strategies to mitigate the impact of terrorist attacks against the domestic urban environment. It uses multiple qualitative research methods to identify patterns of attack used by terrorists against urban targets in the United States and suggest ways for policymakers to mitigate the effects of a terrorist attack through not only physical, but also organizational, political, legal, and social strategies. It uses case analysis, literature review, and interviews with experts in domestic terrorism preparedness to develop and suggest solutions.

Terrorism, as with other criminal acts, can best be met by implementing strategies to mitigate the impact of this …

No Easy Walk: Advancing Refugee Protection In South Africa, Jeff Handmaker

Southern African Migration Programme

South Africa only began accepting individual applications for political asylum in 1994. A policy designed to recognize former Mozambican refugees for the purposes of a repatriation program became the (awkward) basis of the asylum procedure up until April 2000. Criticized by some, a lively discussion raising often-contradictory views began in 1996, leading to a policy reform process culminating in the Refugees Act in December 1998. The Act only came into force at the beginning of April 2000. This article analyzes the process of policy development in South Africa, focusing on practical and theoretical challenges facing the government in the implementation …

Hiv And Partner Violence: Implications For Hiv Voluntary Counseling And Testing, Horizons Program

HIV and AIDS

An important component of HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) programs is encouraging clients to inform partners of their serostatus, yet many clients do not do so. Studies have found that a serious barrier to disclosure for women is fear of a violent reaction by male partners and that HIV-infected women are at increased risk for partner violence. Building on previous research, this study explored the links between HIV infection, serostatus disclosure, and partner violence among women attending the Muhimbili Health Information Center (MHIC), a VCT clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. As noted in this summary, the study first …

Hiv And Partner Violence: What Are The Implications For Voluntary Counseling And Testing?, Carolyn Knapp

HIV and AIDS

Millions of women around the world face two great threats to their health and well-being: HIV/AIDS and violence by an intimate partner. One of the strongest associations between the two is the role that violence and the threat of violence play in limiting a woman’s ability to negotiate safer sex with a partner. A similar fear of violence also discourages women who receive HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) from telling partners about test results. This study explored the links between HIV infection, serostatus disclosure, and partner violence among women attending a VCT clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Researchers …

Hiv And Partner Violence: Implications For Hiv Voluntary Counseling And Testing Programs In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Suzanne Maman, Jessie K. Mbwambo, Margaret Hogan, Gad P. Kilonzo, Michael D. Sweat, Ellen Weiss

HIV and AIDS

This study explored the links between HIV infection, serostatus disclosure, and partner violence among women attending a VCT clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Men and women both perceive HIV testing as a way to plan for the future but are motivated to undergo testing by a number of different individual, relationship, and environmental factors. The women in our study described more barriers to HIV testing than did men, and women who have communicated with their partners about VCT before seeking services are significantly more likely to share their HIV test results than those who have not talked with their …

President Clinton's Crisis Rhetoric And The Post-Cold War World: A Dramatistic Perspective, Christopher R. Darr

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Presidential rhetoric has become an important field of study for scholars. Political scientists as well as communication researchers have long been interested in the role of presidential speech. Particularly in the mass media age, what presidents say has a great influence on our nation’s domestic and foreign affairs (Ceaser, Thurow, Tulis, & Bessette, 1981). Presidents can communicate directly with the public using radio and television, and their words can be carried via journalists to the public through a variety of newspapers, magazines and other media outlets. The purposes of this presidential rhetoric are many: to inform the public of policy …

An Investigation Into The System Of Managing Maritime Safety And Environment Protection In The United Republic Of Tanzania, Musa H. Mandia

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Kenya's Transport System As Service Provider And Gateway To The Northern Corridor, Beatrice Nyamoita

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Model Met Institute For The East African Region : Creating An Effective Infrastructure For Outreach And Improved Standards, Musa Hassan Musa

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Government's Role In Multimodal Development And Trade Facilitation In Tanzania, S. G.I. Tumpe Mwaijande

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Privatisation Of Shipping Agency Services In Tanzania : A Case Study Of An Economic Policy Problem, Pilly Saidi

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Trends. Why Terrorism Will Continue In The Twenty-First Century, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The articles discusses the advantages of terrorism as a tool to achieve political objectives.

Governance And Growth In Sub-Saharan Africa, B. J. Ndulu, Stephen A. O'Connell

Economics Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Terrorists' Delight: The Soft Psychological Underbelly Of A Superpower In The Post-Cold War Era, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes psychological vulnerabilities of the one remaining superpower that are being exploited by terrorist organizations--those that are state-sponsored and abetted and those sponsored and abetted by other political actors.

Urban Growth In Developing Countries: A Review Of Projections And Predictions, Martin Brockerhoff

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Comparison of the United Nations’ earliest and most recent projections to the year 2000 suggests that urban and city growth in developing regions has occurred much more slowly than was anticipated as recently as 1980. A modified “urban population explosion” in developing countries since the 1970s conforms to explanatory models of urban growth developed by economists around 1980. Trends in productivity and terms of trade, in particular, have been highly favorable to agriculture as compared to manufacturing, presumably slowing migration to urban centers. Increases in national population growth rates have produced less than commensurate in rates of city growth, further …

Privatisation Of Kenya Ports Authority : Its Socio-Economic Impact, Mwambire Alii

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Restructuring Of The Port Industry In Tanzania : Privatisation Of The Tanzania Harbours Authority, Modest William Kakusa

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Spartan Daily, September 25, 1998, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 111, Issue 19