Digital Commons Network^™

Willingness To Adopt The Spatial Monitoring And Reporting Tool (Smart): The Case Of Ugalla Game Reserve, Tanzania, Flora John Magige, Cuthbert L. Nahonyo, Paulo Wilfred, Heri Kayeye, Alex W. Kisingo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART) is a software for measuring, evaluating and improving the effectiveness of wildlife-law enforcement patrols, thereby enabling a better use of limited capacity and human resources, and improving anti poaching in protected areas. The Ugalla Game Reserve introduced SMART in 2016 to facilitate patrol management in the protected area. The objective of this study is to determine the willingness of the Reserve staff to adopt the SMART technology two years after its implementation. Structured questionnaires were administered to 19 rangers from the headquarters and ranger posts of the Reserve who participated in the study. …

Application Of Pheromone Is Potential Ecological Approach In Management Of Tuta Absoluta In Tomatoes: The Case Of Ruaha River Basin In Iringa, Tanzania, Theonest Kombe, Nicodemus D. Matojo, Fikira Kimbokota

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is currently considered to be one of the most destructive insect pests of tomatoes worldwide. The present study was conducted in three study sites along Ruaha River Basin, Iringa, Tanzania, to assess community awareness about T. absoluta infestation and its management. The study also evaluated the susceptibility of three tomato varieties against T. absoluta in a greenhouse setting, as well as the effect of colours of traps and doses of pheromone in attracting T. absoluta in a field environment. The field survey revealed that 97% of the respondents were aware of the …

Why Focus The Symposium On Africa In Our Century?, Julius A. Amin

Proceedings: 2022 Global Voices on the University of Dayton Campus

First, despite its growing significance, Africa continues to be among the least understood places. Second, Africa provides and has provided so much for the global economy. Third, Africa is huge, complex, and very diverse. Fourth, there exists so much ignorance about Africa’s historic contributions to the development of the idea of the West. Fifth, the twenty-first century has added another dimension toward the understanding of Africa’s contributions to the contemporary world. Sixth, rapid changes are taking place globally, and we can no longer afford to remain ignorant about the rising tide taking place in Africa. Seventh, Africa’s population growth has …

Technical Report: Reviewing The Relationships Between Urban Morphological Variables And Outdoor Thermal Comfort (Otc) To Assess Comfort Implication Of Densification For Singapore, Shreya Banerjee, Ngai Yan Ching, Sin Kang Yik

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Majority thermal comfort studies focus on exploring the relationships between subjective parameters such as personal, physiological, psychological, and behavioral attributes and how they shape Outdoor Thermal Comfort (OTC). Although some attempts have been made to analyze the impact of urban morphological variables, but few have explored the effect of urban densification on OTC. Assessing the impact of density attributes is especially important for highly dense cities such as Singapore. Keeping this in consideration, ths study aims to provide a review-based analysis connecting OTC and various density related morphological variables. Firstly, this report analyses existing literature to provide snapshots on various …

International And Domestic Tourist Hunting: A Critical Review On Environmental And Socio-Economic Implications In Sub-Saharan Africa, Abel A. Mamboleo

Journal of Sustainability and Resilience

Tourist hunting is a regular consumptive wildlife utilization occurring within and outside core protected areas for trophies and leisure attainments. It is one of the most renowned tourism undertakings which involve the killing of animals for recreational purposes. In essence, hunters acquire trophies for different purposes including production of decorations and traditional medicines. Currently, there is a hot debate on whether to continues or cease tourist hunting as animal activists, some conservation stakeholders believe that hunting is cruel to animals and threat to ecosystems. In this paper, the author reviewed and analyzed various documented evidences which opponents and proponents of …

Cities, Settlements And Key Infrastructure, David Dodman, Bronwyn Hayward, Mark Pelling, Vanesa Castan Broto, Winston T. L. Chow, Et Al.

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

In all cities and urban areas, the risk faced by people and assets from hazards associated with climate change has increased (high confidence1 ). Urban areas are now home to 4.2 billion people, the majority of the world’s population. Urbanisation processes generate vulnerability and exposure which combine with climate change hazards to drive urban risk and impacts (high confidence). Globally, the most rapid growth in urban vulnerability and exposure has been in cities and settlements where adaptive capacity is limited, especially in unplanned and informal settlements in low- and middle-income nations and in smaller and medium-sized urban centres (high confidence). …

Morphosyntactic Variation In Bantu: Focus On East Africa, Peter Edelsten, Hannah Gibson, Rozenn Guérois, Gastor Mapunda, Lutz Marten, Julius Taji

Journal of the Language Association of Eastern Africa

Recent studies have developed a systematic approach to morphosyntactic variation among Bantu languages, taking well-known and widely attested construction types as a starting point and sketching their distribution across the family. One such approach, Guérois et al. (2017), utilises 142 morphosyntactic parameters or features, across a sample of some 50 Bantu languages (Marten et al. 2018). The present paper builds on this work and focusses on 10 parameters of variation where there is a significant difference between the values for East African Bantu languages and non-East African Bantu languages of the sample. The parameters relate to areas such as noun …

A Linguistic Analysis Of Rukiga Personal Names, Allen Asiimwe

Journal of the Language Association of Eastern Africa

The goal of the paper is to provide a linguistic description of the structure of personal names in a lesser studied Bantu language of Uganda, Rukiga (JE14). Data show that Rukiga personal names are presented as lexical entities but with underlying elaborate grammatical structures derived from the syntax, morphology, phonology and the lexicon of the language. Personal names in Rukiga form a special category of nouns derived from nouns, adjectives, verbs, phrases, clauses and full sentences. This study establishes that truncation, affixal derivation, lexicalization of phrases, clauses and sentences are employed in name-formation. The study further reveals that the socio-cultural …

The Structure Of The Iraqw Noun Phrase, Chrispina Alphonce

Journal of the Language Association of Eastern Africa

The structure of the noun phrase (NP) is demonstrated to differ among languages. Albeit studies that paid attention on Southern Cushitic languages in general and Iraqw in particular, their contribution is selective to the general grammar of the language while the structure of the NP is scarcely described. This study contributes to the description of the language through an empirical explanation of the elements and the morphosyntactic properties of the NP in the language. It describes the orders of the elements, their co-occurrence, and constraints to illuminate the structure of the NP of the language. It draws on the data …

Addressing The Social Loafing Problem In Assessment Practices From The Perspectives Of Tanzania’S Pre-Service Teachers, Joseph Reginard Milinga, Ezelina Angetile Kibonde, Venance Paul Mallya, Monica Asagwile Mwakifuna

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Recent developments of higher teacher education in Tanzania have witnessed high student enrolments necessitating change of an emphasis from individual assessment to group-based assessment practices. In this context, informed by the constructivist philosophical perspective, this article reports on the pre-service teachers’ voices regarding the prevalence, impacts and counteractive strategies of social loafing. The pre-service teachers are drawn from one higher education institution in Tanzania that serves as a case study. It draws on qualitative data collected from a sample of purposively selected undergraduate pre-service teachers. The study found social loafing tendencies to be commonplace and with far-reaching consequences amongst students …

Elephants In The Room: Covid-19 Pandemic Political Ecologies Of Tourism In Tanzania, Helen C. Richardson

Theses and Dissertations--Geography

The COVID-19 pandemic brought forth unprecedented and ever-changing crisis and disruption to societies and economies around the globe.[1] As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to interrupt travel worldwide, the tourism industry, and the countries who rely on it as a major source of income, are in crisis. These processes have reconfigured economic capital flows and foreign investment in the global south. This is particularly the case in Tanzania, as tourism was Tanzania’s highest foreign exchange earner and accounted for 17% of Tanzania’s gross domestic product in 2019.[2] This project draws upon a political ecology framework to examine the Tanzanian …

Medical Records Management To Support Evidence-Based Medical Practice At Kisii Teaching And Referral Hospital, Kenya, Robert Nyakundi Gisemba Mr, Emily Ngeno Dr, Emily Bosire Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper presents findings of a Master of Philosophy Degree in Information Sciences undertaken to assess medical records management (MRM) in support of evidence-based medical practices at Kisii Teaching and Referral Hospital (KTRH) with a view of proposing strategies to improve MRM in the hospital. Data was collected through interviews conducted with health records management officers, a system administrator, admission clerks, doctors, clinical officers, and nurses drawn from four departments that create; use; and manage medical records (MR). Findings indicated that KTRH faced several challenges in MRM that impact the provision of health care based on reliable evidence. These challenges …

Examining Factors Influencing Intention To Use M-Health Applications For Promoting Healthier Life Among Smartphone Users In Tanzania, Herman Mandari, Mahija Yahaya

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Deaths related with Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) have recently increases, similarly, development of mobile technologies have paved a way in which Smartphone users can use m-health applications to address high level of sedentary behaviours that relates to negative health consequences. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine factors which may influence generation Y who are Smartphone users to adopt m-health applications in controlling NCDs in Tanzania. TAM theory was extended with awareness, trust and perceived cost to develop a research conceptual model of this study. Google form was used to developed online questionnaire which was distributed through social media platforms to …

Resource Development For Mission Achievement In Tanzania’S Rural Ngos, Aine Onesmo Robert Mushi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Failure of most rural-based nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Tanzania to accomplish their mission objectives effectively is a challenge that impacts most of the rural population. Researchers have yet been able to establish what resource development strategies could help rural-based NGOs accomplish their mission objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine resource development measures and management activities currently implemented by local NGOs in a rural district of Tanzania for mission achievement. The resource dependence perspective was applied to frame the research questions on what resource development measures and management activities support the local rural-based NGOs to achieve their mission …

Resource Development For Mission Achievement In Tanzania’S Rural Ngos, Aine Onesmo Robert Mushi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Failure of most rural-based nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in Tanzania to accomplish their mission objectives effectively is a challenge that impacts most of the rural population. Researchers have yet been able to establish what resource development strategies could help rural-based NGOs accomplish their mission objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine resource development measures and management activities currently implemented by local NGOs in a rural district of Tanzania for mission achievement. The resource dependence perspective was applied to frame the research questions on what resource development measures and management activities support the local rural-based NGOs to achieve their mission …

A Language For The World: The Standardization Of Swahili, Morgan J. Robinson

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

This intellectual history of Standard Swahili explores the long-term, intertwined processes of standard making and community creation in the historical, political, and cultural contexts of East Africa and beyond.

Morgan J. Robinson argues that the portability of Standard Swahili has contributed to its wide use not only across the African continent but also around the globe. The book pivots on the question of whether standardized versions of African languages have empowered or oppressed. It is inevitable that the selection and promotion of one version of a language as standard—a move typically associated with missionaries and colonial regimes—negatively affected those …

Library Newsletter : Issue 3 - 2022, Office Of The University Librarian

Office of the University Librarian Reports

CONTENT:

- Message by Peter Gatiti Associate Vice Provost & University Librarian

- Reading for Children

- Gilgit-Biltistan School Digital Library

- When Writing Hurts

- Library and CHS Collaborate with WHO on SHRH

- What to Read?

- EBSCO Discovery Service

- AKU Athor's Day

Food Security Through Disaster Planning In Tanzania: How Agriculture-Based Disaster Preparedness Can Improve Food Security In Tanzania, Savannah A. Emerich

Masters Theses

In Tanzania, half the population lives below the poverty line and suffers from food insecurity. Of the population, women and children primarily suffer from malnutrition due to food insecurity. For Tanzania, the problem is so severe that some women do not name their newborns for weeks or months due to their unlikely survival. This problem worsens for those who have a significant reliance on agriculture and live in the nation’s rural areas. These rural communities face more traumatic burdens when floods and droughts destroy crops, fields, and tools and ruin livelihoods. A solution has not been implemented thus far due …

The Relationship Between Single-Parent Families And Academic Performance, Hao Yang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

No abstract provided.

ผลกระทบของโครงการเงินโอนอย่างมีเงื่อนไขต่อผลลัพธ์ทางสุขภาพและการศึกษา: กรณีศึกษาของกองทุนเพื่อสังคมของประเทศแทนซาเนีย, พีรวัช สุริยบูรพกูล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์ในการประเมินผลกระทบของโครงการนำร่องเงินโอนอย่างมีเงื่อนไขแบบชุมชนของประเทศแทนซาเนียต่อผลลัพธ์ทางด้านสุขภาพของครัวเรือน 5 ด้าน ผลลัพธ์ด้านสุขภาพของเด็กแรกคลอด 7 ด้าน ผลลัพธ์ด้านการศึกษา 4 ด้าน และผลลัพธ์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับชุมชน 4 ด้าน โดยใช้ชุดข้อมูลทุติยภูมิที่ทำการสำรวจในช่วงปี พ.ศ. 2552 – 2555 ทั้งหมด 3 รอบสำรวจ สำหรับกลุ่มตัวอย่างในวิทยานิพนธ์นี้ คือ ครัวเรือนที่ให้สัมภาษณ์ครบทั้ง 3 รอบสำรวจ ประกอบไปด้วยกลุ่มได้รับประโยชน์จากโครงการ 1,510 คนจาก 795 ครัวเรือน และกลุ่มไม่ได้รับประโยชน์จากโครงการ 3,093 คนจาก 828 ครัวเรือน รวมเป็นจำนวน 4,603 คน จาก 1,689 ครัวเรือน วิทยานิพนธ์นี้ใช้ทฤษฎีฟังก์ชั่นการผลิตในการอธิบายปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อผลลัพธ์ที่ต้องการศึกษา และประมาณการผลลัพธ์ด้วยแบบจำลอง Difference-in-Differences ผลการศึกษา พบว่า ในด้านสุขภาพ กลุ่มได้รับประโยชน์ในภาพรวมมีการรับประทานยาขณะป่วยและเต็มใจจ่ายค่ารักษาพยาบาลเพิ่มขึ้น และเด็กแรกคลอดมีดัชนีส่วนสูงเทียบอายุ และส่วนสูงเพิ่มขึ้น ในด้านการศึกษา ผู้ปกครองของเด็กนักเรียนมีความเต็มใจจ่ายค่าธรรมเนียมการศึกษาเพิ่มขึ้น อย่างไรก็ตามโครงการไม่มีผลกระทบต่อผลลัพธ์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับชุมชนอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ นอกจากนี้ ยังพบว่า การประกอบอาชีพ การศึกษาที่โรงเรียน ระดับฐานะทางการเงิน และคุณภาพของศูนย์สุขภาพในชุมชน ส่งผลเชิงบวกต่อสุขภาพของกลุ่มตัวอย่าง ในขณะที่สุขภาพของเด็กแรกคลอดมีความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวกกับการมีชีวิตอยู่ของแม่ การได้รับวัคซีนในสัปดาห์แรก และการไม่มีภาวะบวมน้ำ ส่วนการศึกษาของเด็กนักเรียนมีความสัมพันธ์เชิงบวกต่อสินทรัพย์ของเด็กนักเรียน และการมีบัญชีธนาคาร ผลการศึกษาในวิทยานิพนธ์นี้ชี้ให้เห็นว่าโครงการ TASAF ช่วยเพิ่มพูนทุนมนุษย์ทั้งในมิติสุขภาพ และมิติการศึกษา รวมถึงช่วยลดความเหลื่อมล้ำในกระบวนการสะสมทุนมนุษย์ อันเกิดจากความแตกต่างในระดับฐานะทางเศรษฐกิจและสังคมของแต่ละครัวเรือนได้ ผลการศึกษานี้มีนัยต่อการออกแบบโครงการเงินโอนอย่างมีเงื่อนไขในประเทศที่มีทรัพยากรจำกัดอื่น ๆ

Do Socio-Demographic Factors And Sources Of Information Relate To Climate Change Awareness? Evidence From Afrobarometer Round 7 Data, Ayodeji P. Ifegbesan, Razaq O. Azeez, Sesan Mabekoje

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Climate change has been considered the most significant environmental catastrophe which is currently threatening human survival. Like the rest of other countries on the African continent, climate change in Nigeria has debilitating effects on both the people and the community due to vulnerability and poor coping capability of the people. Numerous studies related to the problem of rising temperatures in Africa are now being carried out and documented. However, only a little research evidence is available, particularly from Nigeria, regarding the way socio-demographic factors and sources of information are related to climate change awareness. The Afrobarometer Round 7 data for …

Fraternity, Martyrdom And Peace In Burundi: The Forty Servants Of God Of Buta, Jodi Mikalachki

Journal of Global Catholicism

During Burundi's 1993-2005 civil war, students at Buta Minor Seminary were ordered at gunpoint to separate by ethnicity—Hutus over here, Tutsis over there! They chose instead to join hands and affirm their common identity as children of God. The forty students killed were quickly proclaimed martyrs of fraternity. Their costly solidarity defused the cry for reprisals and continues to inspire Burundians and others on the path of reconciliation. Drawing on fifty interviews with survivors, parents of martyrs, neighbors, religious leaders and other Burundian intellectuals, this essay examines how Burundian Catholics understand the significance of the Buta martyrdom to their …

Does Digital Literacy Empower Adolescent Girls In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review, Salima Meherali, Komal Abdul Rahim, Sandra Campbell, Zohra S. Lassi

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: The vast majority (90%) of the world's adolescents aged 10-19 live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); and in those resource-limited settings, girls face distinct challenges across multiple health, social, and economic domains. Gender equality and girls' empowerment are key goals in their own right and are central to all other development goals. Digital literacy is a great enabler for the empowerment of young girls. This systematic review aims to assess the range and nature of digital literacy interventions implemented to empower adolescent girls in LMICs and identify evidence about adolescent girls' access and use of digital technologies in …

War And Society In Colonial Zambia, 1939–1953, Alfred Tembo

Ohio University Press Open Access Books

Written from a Zambian perspective, this leading study shows how the British colony of Northern Rhodesia (later Zambia) organized and deployed human, military, and natural resources during and after the Second World War.

The Second World War brought unprecedented pressures to bear on Britain’s empire, which then included colonial Northern Rhodesia. Through new archival materials and oral histories, War and Society in Colonial Zambia tells—from an African perspective—the story of how the colony organized its human and natural resources on behalf of the imperial government.

Alfred Tembo first examines government propaganda and recruitment of personnel for the Northern Rhodesia Regiment, …

Factors Facilitating And Challenges Facing Community-Based Interventions In Improving Antenatal Care In Rural Tanza, Stephen Maluka, Chakupewa J. Mpambije

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The improvement of antenatal care has remained a topical global concern as signalled by maternal deaths, which have remained unacceptably high, especially in low- and middle income countries. In response to this concern, community-based interventions through women’s groups have been implemented to improve antenatal care; and have shown promising results in rural settings. However, factors contributing to the success or failure of these interventions vary across geographical settings, thereby necessitating area specific considerations. This paper sets out to unveil significant facilitators and barriers to the implementation of women’s group interventions in Tanzania. A qualitative case study design was employed involving …

The Effects Of Household Shocks On Child Nutrition Status In Tanzania, Monica Sebastian Kauky, Martin Chegere, Razack Bakari Lokina

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The main objective of this paper is to examine the effects of household shocks on the nutrition status of children between 0–59 months in Tanzania. The study employed the national panel survey data of Tanzania collected in three waves: 2008/09, 2010/11, and 2012/13. The study used the panel random-effects probit model to estimate the effects of household shocks on child nutrition status, measured by binary variables: stunting, wasting, and underweight. Findings indicated that weather shocks increase the probability of a child being stunted and underweight. Moreover, the results revealed that food price rise shocks and the death of a family …

Market-Driven Rice Farming And Water Use Change In Mbarali District From The Mid-1980s To The 2010s, George K. Ambindwile

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper examines the effects of market-driven rice farming on the use of water in Mbarali District from about the mid-1980s to 2010s. It specifically traces the development of both peasant and state rice farming and their subsequent effects on water use in the district. The study is essentially qualitative, although in some cases it uses quantitative data to validate its arguments. Thus, it adopts political economy and historical ecology theories to understand changes brought by market-driven rice farming; and the ways peasants struggled to accommodate those changes in their agricultural practices. The area of study included six villages, namely …

Model Fitting And Analysis Of The Cost-Effectiveness Of Control Strategies In The Threatened Wildebeest-Lion Prey-Predator System In The Serengeti Ecosystem, Thadei D. Sagamiko

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

In this paper, a wildebeest-lion prey-predator model for the Serengeti ecosystem was adopted from a previous publication. The threats to the model system were poaching, retaliatory killings, and droughts. The proposed threat control strategies for these threats were anti-poaching patrol to mitigate poaching, construction of strong bomas to reduce retaliatory killings, and construction of dams to mitigate the impact of droughts. Data on the lion population density in the Serengeti ecosystem were used to fit the model by using the maximum likelihood method. The impact of different control strategies for a period of five years was analysed using the incremental …

Assessment Of The Relationship Between Heavy Metal Concentrations In Soil And Tea Leaves Grown At Amani In Tanga Region By Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (Edxrf), Mohamed Mazunga, Masasi Kamanyola

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Determination of the concentration of heavy metals in tea leaves is important in assessing its quality for human consumption. This study aimed to assess the relationship between the concentration of heavy metals in soil and tea leaves at Kwamkoro tea plantation in Amani, Tanga. The soil and tea leaves samples were analysed by using the Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. The results of heavy metals mean concentrations in soil were Cr (185.65 ± 27.91 µg/g), Mn (341.15 ± 24.41 µg/g), Ni (25.6 ± 3.27 µg/g), Cu (21.71 ± 2.33 µg/g), Zn (41.29 ± 5.27 µg/g), As (1.25 ± 0.17 µg/g), …

Determination Of Angular Distribution Of Bremsstrahlung Spectral Temperature Measured At The Centre Position Of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source, Mwingereza John Kumwenda Dr

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study aims at determining azimuthal angular distribution of bremsstrahlung spectral temperature measured from 28-GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS), using data obtained from the Busan centre of Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI). Bremsstrahlung photons of the angular distributions from 28-GHz ECR Ion source at the KBSI were measured in three azimuthal angles for the first time. Three round type NaI(TI) scintillation detectors were used to measure the angular distributions of the bremsstrahlung photons emitted at the centre position of the ECRIS at the same time. Monte Carlo simulation based on Geant4 package was performed to take the geometrical …