Digital Commons Network^™

Navigating Text-To-Speech (Tts): Ethical Leadership In The Use Of Generative Ai For Extension, Xue A Dong, Paul A Hill

Journal of Extension

Text-to-speech (TTS) AI technology transforms written content into natural-sounding speech, offering a useful tool to enhance accessibility and inclusivity in Extension work. This article examines the role of TTS AI in bridging communication gaps, particularly for diverse and multilingual communities, and demonstrates the importance of ethical leadership in its adoption. By prioritizing diversity, equity, and inclusion, Extension professionals can leverage TTS AI to foster greater connection and engagement. Practical applications and examples are provided to guide the integration of TTS AI into programs. The article also offers recommendations for experimenting with innovative technologies to improve educational outcomes and increase the …

How Wisconsin Extension Educators Talk About Climate Change Without Talking About ``Climate Change'', Sky Hershberger, Todd P. Newman

Journal of Extension

Climate change touches all areas of Extension's programming. To understand how educators approach talking about climate change with constituents, we interviewed 15 Extension educators and three program managers in Wisconsin. Crops and Soils educators view climate change as interwoven with their work, Financial Education educators view it as mostly disconnected, and Community Economic Development educators range between these extremes. Educators in all three programs avoid the polarizing phrase ``climate change,'' instead focusing on specific, local, and relatable issues. Educators show empathy and emphasize resilience (adaptation) rather than mitigation. These findings can inform Extension's organizational strategy on climate change.

Adolescents’ Risk Of Long Covid-19 Syndrome Based On Income Level And Food Insecurity, Christopher J. Waskewich

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Limited information is available about the effects of food insecurity on adolescents’ long-term health risks from COVID-19. This quantitative, cross-sectional study aimed to examine the effects of food insecurity and family income level on the risk of long COVID-19 syndrome for adolescents (11 to 17 years old). An online survey (n = 298) was conducted with parents of adolescents from New York City, who were recruited from social media online advertisements. The research asked whether there is an association between food insecurity and family income level and the risks of long COVID-19 syndrome. Multivariate logistic regression found a statistically …

Illegal Migration In Nigeria: An In-Depth Study Of Encounters Within Nigeria, Mubarak Alabi, Adebayo Olalekan, Adam Isiaka, Abosede Onifade

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

Migration is a crucial component of global population dynamics and encompasses various forms of labor, such as low-skilled labor, irregular migration, and asylum-seeking. This study examines illegal migration into Nigeria, illuminating the complex challenges faced by both migrants and the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS). The surge in cross-border crimes linked to illegal immigration poses formidable obstacles to NIS, including issues related to border security, arms proliferation, and terrorism. The study employed a survey design, involving a diverse sample of 50 respondents, representing a cross-section of socio-demographic backgrounds. The outcome unravels the underlying motivations driving individuals towards illegal migration, identifies barriers …

Indigenous Religion And Community Order: Crime Prevention Strategies Among Worshippers Of Igbe Orhe In Nigeria, Onoseme Fortune Afatakpa Dr

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

This ethnographic study examines crime prevention strategies within Igbe Orhe, an indigenous African religious tradition practiced in Delta State, Nigeria. While existing security studies primarily emphasize formal and direct approaches to crime prevention, this research foregrounds the less explored structural mechanisms embedded in cultural spirituality. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants, including the Uku Supreme (global leader), High Priests (Uku), High Priestess (Omote Uku), Chief Priests (Inori), Chief Priestesses (Ini Igbe), and Votary Singers (Akpine). Two focus group discussions were also conducted with female and youth members of selected …

Victim Behaviour And Phone Snatching In Kano Metropolis: A Literature Review Based On Victim Precipitation Theory, Mu'azu Ya'u Abdullahi

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

This paper reviews studies on the problem of phone snatching in Kano Metropolis, with focus on the behaviour of victims. Many studies have explained the crime by linking it to poverty, unemployment, and weak policing among others. However, less attention has been given to how people’s everyday actions may increase their risk. Using Victim Precipitation Theory, this review shows that behaviours such as openly displaying phones, walking alone in unsafe places, or using phones while distracted create easy chances for offenders. The review also notes that wider issues, such as poor street lighting and active black markets, combine with victim …

Workplace Stress And Coping Mechanisms Among Law Enforcement Officers In Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria: An Empirical Study, Akaninyene O. Unaam, Akanimo A. Unaam Esq.

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

Law enforcement officers face unique occupational stressors that can impair well-being and performance. This study examined stress levels and coping mechanisms among police officers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, within Lazarus and Folkman's transactional framework. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 400 randomly selected officers. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and Brief COPE inventory. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and hierarchical multiple regression were employed. Moderate stress levels predominated (52.5%), with high stress reported by 32.5% of officers. The mean PSS score was 24.6 (SD = 5.8). Significant associations emerged between stress and years of service …

Language As A Strategic Security Resource: Criminological Perspectives On Collective Efficacy, Cultural Security, And Community Resilience, Declan Onwudiwe

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

Language is typically examined as a medium of communication, identity formation, cultural transmission, and education. This article advances a broader argument: language should also be understood as a strategic security resource and a significant criminological variable. Drawing on collective efficacy theory, societal security scholarship, linguistic relativity, decolonial language theory, and ethnolinguistic vitality theory, the article argues that language can facilitate social cohesion, informal social control, intelligence gathering, conflict resolution, procedural legitimacy, and community resilience. Indigenous African languages serve as repositories of historical memory, customary law, social norms, and security-relevant knowledge that may contribute to public safety and social order. The …

Core Stability Training And Sports Performance: A Bibliometric Mapping (2000–2025), Mimi Guo, Muhamad Hafiz Bin Ismail, Diyana Z. Abdul Ghani, Qi Liang, Yifei Gao

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Core stability training has become an important topic in sports science because of its proposed role in athletic performance enhancement, injury prevention, and neuromuscular control. This study aimed to map the knowledge structure, research trends, and collaboration patterns in this field. Materials and Methods: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection. Articles and reviews published between 2000 and 2025 were screened according to predefined eligibility criteria. A total of 559 publications were included and analyzed using Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny. Results: Scientific output increased markedly over time, particularly after 2020. The USA and China were …

Differences In Sustained Attentional Engagement With Emotional Targets In Individuals Reporting High And Low Worry, Jinu J. Mathew

Clinical Psychology Dissertations

Attention bias towards emotionally salient or threatening information has been well documented across various populations, and it has been thought to contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety. While previous research has identified early-stage attentional differences in individuals reporting elevated anxiety symptoms, less is known about how worry might impact later-stage processes involving sustained attentional engagement and visual working memory. The present study examined behavioral and electrophysiological indices of attentional processing during a modified visual search task in individuals reporting high compared to low levels of worry. Sixty-eight participants were recruited and classified into high and low worry groups …

Artificial Intelligence As A Tool To Enhance High-Leverage Practices In Special Education, Kanisha Porter, Viveca Grant Ed.D., Delilah A. Gonzales

The Journal of the Research Association of Minority Professors

Special education teachers face instructional, documentation, and compliance demands that often impede the fidelity of High-Leverage Practices (HLPs). While HLPs are central to promoting positive academic and behavioral growth for students with disabilities, a significant research-to-practice gap persists because educators lack the time and resources to implement these evidence-based strategies consistently within increasingly complex classrooms. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers emerging opportunities to mitigate systemic burdens by serving as a collaborative partner rather than a replacement for professional judgment. This manuscript examines AI’s potential to enhance HLP implementation across the domains of instruction, data-driven practice, collaboration, and intensive intervention. Drawing upon …

Beyond Intent: Teacher Capacity, Opportunity To Learn, And The Persistence Of Math Equity Gaps In Tennessee (2000-2025), Soso Dede

The Journal of the Research Association of Minority Professors

For a quarter-century (2000–2025), Tennessee pursued mathematics reforms aiming for equity, yet stark racial and socioeconomic achievement gaps endure. Framed by Opportunity to Learn (OTL) and Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching (MKT), this study investigates the intersection of equity, teacher capacity, and policy. By synthesizing assessment data, program evaluations, policy documents, and research literature, this study reveals that systemic OTL inequities—disparate access to quality instruction, adequate resources, and teachers possessing strong MKT—are primary drivers of these enduring gaps. Such inequities deny marginalized students a fair chance at mathematical proficiency. The interplay between OTL and MKT is critical: inadequate OTL constrains knowledgeable …

The Impact Of Earnings Quality On Firm Value: The Mediating Role Of The Cost Of Capital, Mostafa Abd Alhussen Ali, Ahmed Jamal Kadhim, Ali Abdulamer Kadhim

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The effect of earnings quality on firm value is examined and whether the cost of capital is a mechanism that provides economic linkages between earnings quality and corporate valuation is tested.
The study uses archival panel data for 40 non-financial companies, which are listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, in the four sectors of industry, hotels and tourism, agriculture, and telecommunication. The performance-matched discretionary accrual is used as the measure of earnings quality, Tobin's Q as a measure of firm value and the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) as a measure of cost of capital. The hypotheses are tested …

Determining The Optimal Ratio Of Foreign Currency In Commercial Banks: An Analytical Study Of Exchange Rates, Abbas Ebd Al-Khudair Al-Shalan

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The research aimed to help commercial banks avoid losses resulting from currency differences between the Iraqi Dinar and the US Dollar in their banking transactions and to estimate the optimal ratio for dealing in dollars. The research proved the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on local inflation rates and demonstrated the possibility of determining the optimal ratio for commercial banks' transactions in foreign currency, which avoids currency difference losses in their commitments and investments, as well as liquidity reduction risks. The research was conducted on a set of data on exchange rate fluctuations and inflation rates during the period (2005-2024). …

Examining The Role Of Digital Data In Supporting Financial Inclusion Through Fintech Services In Banks, Mohammed Sadiq Hlail Dhuwayhi, Alaa Nadim Odeh Attia, Dhulfiqar Hameed Abed Jaber

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This paper attempts to explore the connection between the investment in digital data and the practice of financial inclusion through financial technology (FinTech) services in banks. The study applied a descriptive-analytic design and collected data using a questionnaire to a sample of employee of banking-sector. Statistical analysis has provided statistical significance regarding the positive relationship between the use of digital data and FinTech services, on the one hand, and the level of financial inclusion, on the other. It was also revealed that the quality of digital information and its integration with technological services can increase the availability of financial services …

The Sustainable Balanced Scorecard And Its Role In Performance Measurement And Evaluation To Achieve A Sustainable Competitive Advantage: A Case Study At Baghdad Soft Drinks Company, Amer Mansoor Hasoon, Basima Naser Hossein

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The purpose of this research is achieving the Sustainable Balanced Scorecard (S.B.S.C) (financial and non-financial) in the measurement and evaluation of the performance for having a sustainable competitive advantage in Baghdad Soft Drinks Company in Iraq. In the research method in the theoretical part, the method used is deductive and then in the practical part in the company (the object of the research) is used by inductive method to realize the research objectives. It applies for the financial statements for 2023, 2024 and 2025. The previous data of the financial department of the company (accounting formulas subject) were merged and …

Human Capital Quality, Innovation And Economic Growth In Emerging Economies, Sajjad Karim Al-Juthaier

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

Objective: This study aims to uncover the long-term relationship and dynamics between local innovation, economic growth, and human capital quality in emerging markets and developing economies.
Methodology: The study employed Panel Distributed Lag Autoregressive (ARDL) and Nonlinear Autoregressive (NARDL) model frameworks for data analysis. The Human Capital Quality Index (HCQI) was developed over time (from 2015 to the present) for 52 countries, demonstrating a long-term and short-term asymmetric cointegration relationship between these data, exhibiting both symmetrical and asymmetrical patterns across different periods and within their respective sample intervals.
Results: The results revealed explanatory threshold effects, indicating that the optimization benefits …

Oil Revenues As A Driver Of Macroeconomic Shocks: A Structural Vector Autoregression (Svar) Analysis Of The Interlinkages Among Economic Growth, Inflation, And Exchange Rate In Iraq, Wafi Salam Sulaiman Al-Suwaidi, Saif Al-Din Muhannad Abdul Qadir Al-Sarraf

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This study investigates the structural impact of oil revenue shocks on the Iraqi economy over the period 1990–2024 using a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model. The analysis focuses on the dynamic interactions among oil revenues, economic growth, inflation, and the exchange rate. The results of the Phillips–Perron unit root test indicate that all time-series variables are stationary at level, justifying the estimation of the model in levels. The findings reveal that oil revenue shocks exert an immediate and statistically significant effect on inflation, whereas no significant contemporaneous impact is observed on either economic growth or the exchange rate. Furthermore, the …

“The Role Of Cyber Marketing In Achieving Marketing Share: “An Exploratory Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Dairy Factory Employees In Mosul City”, Raad Yousif Waadallah Hussein, Rana Salem Mutab Al-Jubouri

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research aims to examine the role of cyber marketing—encompassing the dimensions of cyber attraction, cyber retention, cyber communication, and cyber learning—in achieving market share for dairy plants in Mosul. This study is conducted against the backdrop of a rapidly evolving competitive environment and the growing digital transformation within local markets. Its significance stems from the need for dairy plants to adopt modern marketing strategies that enhance their ability to reach customers, increase sales, and improve their competitive standing. The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing SPSS (Version 26) and Smart PLS software. Data were collected from a sample of …

The Impact Of Occupational Health Within The Workplace On The Well-Being Of Workers, An Analytical Study In The Muthanna Education Directorate, Zaina Falih Hameed Al-Jayashi

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

Occupational health in the workplace is a vital concept for enhancing employee well-being. This research aimed to foster a healthy, comfortable work environment that conveys the organization’s genuine care—thereby instilling a sense of positivity, belonging, and responsibility among employees, and motivating them to perform their duties willingly and sincerely. The study addressed the issue of how the absence of a healthy workplace environment negatively impacts employee well-being. Conducted at the Al-Muthanna Education Directorate headquarters, the study surveyed a sample of employees across various professional and educational levels, with 98 respondents participating in 2024. The research hypothesized that workplace occupational health …

The Impact Of Free Cash Flows On Enhancing The Informational Content Of Accounting Information And Its Reflection On The Level Of Information Asymmetry , An Applied Study Of A Sample Of Commercial Banks Listed On The Iraq Stock Exchange, Hanan Ismail Midhyur

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research aims to analyze the impact of free cash flows on enhancing the profitability of commercial banks and to demonstrate their reflection on the level of information asymmetry in financial markets. It also seeks to clarify the role of voluntary disclosure and transparency as supportive factors in improving the predictive power of financial reports, as well as to analyze sectoral differences in the reflection of these cash flows on information asymmetry depending on the nature of banks, The study adopted a deductive approach in formulating the theoretical framework through reviewing books, journals, and local and international academic theses, while …

Target Costing Technique And Lts Role In Cost Management (An Applied Study At Al-Kufa Cement Plant), Hussein Abdul Hamza, Majeed A. Hatif

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The research aims to present a conceptual framework for the Target Costing technique and its role in cost management, in addition to calculating the target cost of a local product and comparing it with the actual cost. This is achieved through adopting the optimal approach to determine the target cost, which involves analyzing activities, functions, and their costs in order to produce and deliver products in which all activities of the economic unit contribute, while eliminating non-value-adding activities. The goal is to reach a cost and quality level that ensures mutual benefit for both the economic unit and the customer. …

Measuring The Relationship Between Health Spending And Economic Growth In Iran Using The Ardl Methodology For The Period 2000 - 2024, Basima Nyaz Mohsin Al Mohammed

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This study aims to measure and analyze the relationship between health spending and inflation and their impact on economic growth in Iran using the ARDL distributed autoregressive slowdown model for the period 2000 – 2024, describing health spending as one of the components of investment in human capital due to its role in improving the health of the population and raising the productivity and efficiency of the workforce, while inflation represents one of the macroeconomic variables that affect economic activity and the ability of individuals and institutions to spend Investment, as health spending represents an independent variable and inflation is …

Strategic Ambidexterity And Its Role In Achieving Organizational Brilliance: An Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of A Sample Of Employees In Private Schools In Nineveh, Shuaib Ahmed Aziz Al-Mawla

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

Purpose: This research aims to study the relationship between Strategic Ambidexterity and organizational Brilliance in private schools in Nineveh Governorate.

Design/Methodology: Based on a stratified random sample, 118 questionnaires were distributed to principals, assistant principals, and staff members across several private schools in Nineveh Governorate; 115 questionnaires were found valid for use. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using AMOS 24 and SPSS 27 software.

Theoretical Results: The results reveal a knowledge gap regarding the nature of the relationship between Strategic Ambidexterity and organizational Brilliance. Therefore, we conclude that the Strategic Ambidexterity of private school administrations will lead to the exploration …

The Impact Of Digital Transformation On The Advancement Of Functional Intelligence: An Analytical Study At The Ministry Of Labor And Social Affairs – Department Of Retirement And Social Security For Workers, Arwa Ahmed Abdel-Wahab

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The substantial magnitude of digital transformation and the manner in which its operations are conducted necessitate a high level of attention and careful consideration prior to organizational implementation. Accordingly, this study was initiated to investigate the main and underlying challenges associated with the digital transformation process. The present research examines the impact of digital transformation on intellectual staffing among employees. It also seeks to determine the extent to which digital transformation affects job performance. To achieve the research objectives, a questionnaire was employed as one of the primary data collection instruments. The questionnaire consisted of three axes. The first axis …

The Impact Of External Audit Quality On Reducing Financial Distress Risk For Companies: The Mediating Role Of Liquidity Management, Ammar Abid Al-Kader Atta, Ghadah Tareq Abd Ulmajeed

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

The present study aims to examine the effect of external audit quality on the financial distress risk of non-financial listed companies in Iraq, especially the role of liquidity management as a mediator. The research uses panel regression analysis and the Sobel test based on panel data of 65 companies from 2014 to 2024 (715 firm-year observations). Altman's Z-Score is used to measure financial distress risk, the external audit quality is measured by a Big Four auditor dummy, and the liquidity management is measured by the current ratio. The results indicate that the quality of external audit has a significant positive …

Demographic And Socioeconomic Factors Influence Perceived Community Needs And Risk Factors For Firearm Violence In Mississippi, Masoumeh Karimi, Matthew Morris, Xiaoshan Gordy, Matthew Kutcher, Leila Seidfaraji, Michelle Brassfield, Erin Dehon, Alyscia Severance, Rukia Lumumba, Fredrick Womack, Lei Zhang

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Background: The burden of firearm-related injuries and deaths is not borne equally across sociodemographic groups. The present study investigated the perceived needs and risk factors of firearm related injuries and mortality across gender, education, and income levels through a quantitative needs assessment completed by community members and firearm injury survivors living in the greater Jackson, Mississippi, metropolitan area.

Methods: A total of 93 participants including gunshot wound patients, survivors and community members who have been recruited through community organizations completed the needs assessment survey collecting data on demographic information, firearm exposure, substance use, community exposure to crime and …

Pilot Evaluation Of A Cross-Disciplinary Training Addressing Substance Use Among Mississippi Mothers, Saijun Zhang, Catherine Poehling, Xiaoshan Gordy, Chinedu P. Chukwu, Jerome R. Kolbo, Masoumeh Karimi, Matthew Morris, Andrew Voluse, Erin Dehon, Michelle Brassfield, Danielle Lahn, Lisa Slade, Deanna Howington, Kathleen Rhodes, Tearsenee Davis, Sonja Fuqua, Lei Zhang

Journal of Public Health in the Deep South

Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and substance use co-occurring is often managed in siloed systems. Training IPV and related service providers on substance use topics may strengthen screening, response, and referral.

Purpose: To assess whether a pilot training program on substance use disorders (SUDs) in Mississippi improved service providers’ knowledge, preparedness, and attitudes around substance use and satisfaction with the training.

Methods: Pre–post surveys were administered to healthcare and community service providers who completed the training, assessing substance use service-related knowledge, preparedness, and attitudes.  Descriptive statistics and t-tests were used to analyze the data.

Results: Fifty-nine providers completed a …

“None Of Them Use Facebook Anymore, It’S Just For Us, Internet Dinosaurs” Czech Media Education Teachers And Social Media, Karolína Šimková, Ana F. Oliveira, Annamária Neag

Journal of Media Literacy Education Pre-Prints

In today’s digital age, media education teachers are expected to be at the forefront of guiding young people through the complex digital world. This study aimed to explore how media education teachers’ personal and professional engagement with social media shapes their teaching practices in Czech primary schools (teaching pupils aged 11–15). Through 17 semi-structured interviews, we delved into teachers’ social media use, classroom discussions, and pedagogical approaches to media education to identify the distinct attitudes these teachers hold toward social media. The study shows that Czech media education teachers’ diverse strategies for integrating social media into their curriculum are primarily …

High School Teachers' Experiences Working With Latino Immigrant Students Who Have Experienced Trauma, Collette Marie Jiménez Serra

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Latino immigrant students in U.S. public high schools are disproportionately exposed to trauma related to migration experiences, family separation, poverty, and acculturative stress, yet many teachers report feeling underprepared to address students’ trauma-related needs in culturally responsive ways. Limited research has examined high school teachers’ lived experiences implementing trauma-informed practices with Latino immigrant students, particularly from teachers’ own perspectives. The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to explore high school teachers’ lived experiences implementing trauma-informed practices with Latino immigrant students, including their perceptions of preparedness and the factors influencing implementation. Guided by principles of trauma-informed care (TIC) and relational-cultural …