Digital Commons Network^™

Congregating As A Social Phenomenon; The Social Glue That Binds, Martin Maccarthy, Ashlee Morgan, Claire Lambert

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: This study aims to consolidate and hone existing spectating and crowd theory. This is achieved by marrying socio-cultural ideas and concepts from related disciplines.

Design/methodology/approach: This conceptual review examines what people do when they congregate at an event, and in doing so, answers the question of what they forgo when denied a crowd. Concepts are teased from the literature as to what happens during participatory congregation (in company, in situ), punctuated by relegation without it.

Findings: Related concepts are organised into a typology. The metamodel is the essence of the paper and includes four themes: (1) identity construction, (2) …

The Specificity Of Motivations In Different Combat Sports And Different Lengths Of The Sports Career, Beata Wolska, Ryszard Pujszo, Patrycja Janowska, Marta Wojdat, Magdalena Zajac, Malgorzata Pujszo

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Motivation is one of the predictors of human performance - including training and striving for perfection. Therefore, an analysis of the problem of motivation in martial arts and combat sports is particularly important, as it results in vital issues for many fields of science, including psychology of sport, sociology or theory of physical education. The aim of the study was to compare motivation in combat sports based on the example of judo and Brazilian jiu-jitsu athletes. Material and Methods: Seventy persons of all ages participated in a study conducted in February and March 2018 among males practicing judo and …

Digital Burnout And Perceptive Failure: The Example Of Physical Education Teachers During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Tayfun Şi̇ri̇n, Yeliz Eratli Şi̇ri̇n, Berna Can, Oğuzkaan Uruç

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

This research was conducted to examine physical education teachers’ levels of digital burnout and perceptual fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and methods: This study was designed according to the quantitative research model and conducted within the framework of the relational screening model. The research group consists of 504 physical education teachers, including 240 women and 264 men, who work in high schools and secondary schools in Adana and Mersin provinces. Results: The results showed that the teachers working in high schools were in the digital environment too much. At the same time, teachers stated that they did not feel …

Ua80/1 Meeting Agenda, W Club

University Organizations

Agenda for the March 17, 2022 meeting.

The Economic And Financial Impact Of The First Phase Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Sports Market, Joanna Jedel, Marcin Burchard

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: For the last several months, the world has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic that effectively stopped the activity of entities in all fields of social life: finance, economy, culture and, broadly defined sport. The dynamic nature of changes and adaptation to a new reality were related to new restrictions and limitations on the functioning of society that were imposed by local governments. Material and methods: The authors analysed available reports that described the general results of the sports market as well as reports and financial statements for the period of the COVID-10 pandemic published by public joint-stock companies …

Investigation Of Athlete High School Students' Moral Decision-Making Attitudes In Terms Of Sport Variables, Oğuz Özbek, Umut Nalbant

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Sports activities are performed in accordance with moral values and principles. The purpose of this research is to examine the decision-making attitudes of young sports students based on age, gender, license status, and sports branch type. Material and Methods: The "Moral Decision-Making Scale in Youth Sports" developed to evaluate the moral decision-making attitudes of young athletes was used as a data collection tool in this research. A five-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the scale items. Results: The athletes' views regarding moral decision-making attitudes were found to be for the Acceptance of Cheating dimension for the Acceptance of …

Dynamics Of Changes In Time Differences And Muscle Strength In Qualified Handball Students During The Academic Year, Muminov Abrorbek Shavkatovich

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Purpose: It consists in studying during the school year the accuracy of shooting at targets installed in the corners of the gate in a calm position for experienced handball players and in the influence of turning the body in different directions.

Methods: The following methods were used in the course of the study: 1) literary sources, analysis of research papers and scientific articles, scientific research on the topic, scientific and practical experience of foreign and domestic scientists in the field of sports in bund were studied and analyzed. 2) A pedagogical test in which the accuracy of the difference between …

Dynamics Of Changes In Time Differences And Muscle Strength In Qualified Handball Students During The Academic Year, Muminov Abrorbek Shavkatovich

Eurasian Journal of Sport Science

Aim: It consists in studying during the school year the accuracy of shooting at targets installed in the corners of the gate in a calm position for experienced handball players and in the influence of turning the body in different directions.

Methods: The following methods were used in the course of the study: 1) literary sources, analysis of research papers and scientific articles, scientific research on the topic, scientific and practical experience of foreign and domestic scientists in the field of sports in bund were studied and analyzed. 2) A pedagogical test in which the accuracy of the difference between …

Social Inclusion And Exclusion Places: The Point Of View Of Young Adults, Nadia Rania, Ilaria Coppola, Laura Pinna

The Qualitative Report

In the literature places have been defined as First (home), Second (work and school) and Third places (physical and virtual). The present study aims to analyze the perception of inclusion/exclusion that young adults have of the places that they live. The research was conducted using the Photovoice technique and involved 50 young Italian adults. Results highlight how participants perceive some Second and Third places in most cases as inclusive places, even if they highlight the exclusion dimension for some categories of people. We think that reflecting on inclusive/exclusive places can stimulate greater awareness and sense of belonging, which affect well-being.

The Influence Of The Organization Structure Changes On Management And Sports Results In The Lech Poznan Sports Club Between 2011 And 2014, Lukasz Karski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The increase in the competitiveness on the sports market forces elaboration of the proper organization structure in sports clubs. In 2011 Lech Poznan Club found itself in a situation which was inadequate to its ambition. The aim of this work is to present the influence of the implemented organization structure changes on the process of club management. Material and methods: The subject of the research was the Lech Poznan club and its organization structure between 2011 and 2014. The applied research methods were the interview and the survey questionnaire. Results: The introduction and the strategy realization, as well as …

The Institutional Effect On Leisure Time And Competitive Sports At Higher Education Colleges And Universities In The Carpathian Basin, Klára Kovács, Marianna Moravecz, Zsuzsa Nagy, Dávid Rábai, Dániel Szabó

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The objective of our study is to reveal the resources within colleges and universities that may influence the leisure-time and competitive sports done in the respective institutions. For the theoretical background of our research, the models examining the institutional effects were used. Strange [1] arranged the models into four categories. Material and methods: In the course of our research, structured dialogues were carried out with PE teachers, sports leaders in the institutions of Eastern Hungary, in the Highlands, Voivodina, Transylvania and Partium. ATLAS.ti text analyzing software was used to analyze and process our findings. Results: In accordance with our …

Is Same-Gender Mentorship Important For Division Iii Female College Athletes?: An Application Of The Mentor Role Theory, Nicholas Swim, Ehren R. Green, Mary A. Hums, Glenna G. Bower, Khirey B. Walker

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

In the last twenty years, opportunities for women in intercollegiate athletics have grown exponentially. Unfortunately, women still represent a small number of head coaches in intercollegiate athletics, creating a disparity in numbers between female college athletes and female head coaches. This disparity has led to an imbalance for female college athletes searching for female role models and mentors. This study investigated the mentoring experiences of NCAA Division III female college athletes based on their lived experiences with both male and female head coaches. Using Mentor Role Theory (MRT), a set of qualitative responses were collected and analyzed. The participants highlighted …

“It’S Just A Lot They Are Asking From Us”: College Athlete Experiences Of Division Iii To Division Ii Reclassification, Alexandra R. Mitchell, Martin Barrett

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of college athletes who were directly impacted by their institution’s pursuit of gaining membership to a different NCAA division (i.e., divisional reclassification). More specifically, this study sought to understand specific changes that accompany the Division III to Division II transition, which include: 1) divisional philosophy, 2) financial aid, 3) level of competition, 4) athletically related activities, and 5) academic standards. Conceptually, this study was guided by the stress appraisal and coping process. The Brief COPE inventory of coping responses was applied as a framework from which to understand how college …

Athlete Identity And Mental Health Among Ncaa Division Iii Student-Athletes, Sarah Stokowski, Alison Fridley, Chris Croft, Peyton Stensland, Skye Arthur-Banning

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

Student-athletes often identify with the athlete role and demonstrate high levels of athlete identity. High athlete identity leads to many unintended consequences such as low career maturity and difficulty adapting to a life beyond sport. Additionally, high athlete identity often leads to mental health concerns among the student-athlete population. Informed by self-categorization theory (Turner, 1982), the purpose of this study was to explore athlete identity and mental health among NCAA Division III student-athletes. The Athlete Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) and The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 were completed by 332 NCAA Division III student-athletes. The results demonstrated that Division III student-athletes …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Depressive Symptoms In Ncaa Division Iii Collegiate Athletes, Sayre Wilson, Sebastian Harenberg, Tara Stilwell, Justine Vosloo, Lindsey Keenan

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

Mental health disorders are important health concerns among collegiate athletes. Estimations of elevated depressive symptoms in this population range from 1.1-26%. However, these data are derived mostly from NCAA Division I institutions or professional athletes. Evidence from lower divisions (e.g., NCAA Division III) is currently sparse in the literature. Hence, the primary purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in NCAA Division III collegiate athletes. The secondary purpose was to examine which mental health indicators predict depressive symptoms. In total, 186 participants completed several mental health scales (e.g., PHQ-9, DASS-21). The results revealed a …

“I Might As Well Get My Education”: The Experiences Of Black Male Division Iii College Athletes, Lisa M. Rubin, Rhema D. Fuller, Sarah Stokowski

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

Division III college athletes have been largely ignored in the growing literature involving college sport. Given that the majority of college athletes that participate in high profile sports are athletes of color, there is a need to explore the experiences of this population, specifically at the Division III level. Informed by the Excellence Beyond Athletics (EBA) framework, which empowers students of color, especially Black male athletes, the purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of Black male athletes at two rural Division III institutions. Ten Black male Division III athletes took part in semi-structured interviews. Using inductive analysis …

Collaborative Initiative To Improve Diii Student-Athlete Well-Being, Bonni C. Hodges Ph.D

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

The professional literature contains little focused specifically on NCAA DIII. NCAA Goals data provide an overview of common characteristics and challenges of DIII student-athletes. However, the large number and variety of DIII member institutions merit DIII athletic programs assessing the needs and well-being challenges of its particular student-athletes and to create and tailor programs and interventions to support student-athlete well-being. A needs assessment of student-athlete well-being issues was carried out at an institution with a large DIII program. Part one, reported here, used focus groups of student-athletes, coaches, athletic trainers, and athletics administrators. Results suggested well-being challenges at this institution …

Introduction To The Special Issue: Ncaa Division Iii College Athlete Development And Experience, Bonni C. Hodges Ph.D, Lindsey Darvin Ph.D

Journal of Athlete Development and Experience

There is abundant literature on a plethora of topics associated with intercollegiate athletics. Yet, when one begins to dig deeply into the previous literature, it becomes apparent that most of the attention of this work has focused on Division I (DI) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association [NCAA]. To that end, while the NCAA Division III (DIII) level contains a greater number of institutions and more athletes than either of the other divisions of play, this group has largely been ignored throughout the previous literature (NCAA, 2021a; Williams, et al, 2020). This lack of previous literature, combined with the fact …

The Economic And Financial Impact Of The First Phase Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Sports Market, Joanna Jedel, Marcin Burchard

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: For the last several months, the world has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic that effectively stopped the activity of entities in all fields of social life: finance, economy, culture and, broadly defined sport. The dynamic nature of changes and adaptation to a new reality were related to new restrictions and limitations on the functioning of society that were imposed by local governments. Material and methods: The authors analysed available reports that described the general results of the sports market as well as reports and financial statements for the period of the COVID-10 pandemic published by public joint-stock companies …

Study On The Efficiency Of Advanced Pressing In The Premier League, Sorin Brîndescu, Francisc-Remus Datcu, Ionuț-Alexadru Buda

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Advanced pressing is a tactical relationship which consists of a joint effort which players undertake to win back possession as high up the pitch as possible. It comes as a direct counter to slow build-up styles like the tiki-taka and has existed, historically, for decades. The best examples from history can be Ajax and Feyenoord in the 1970s, as well as the Dutch national team from the same period. In these days, some of English teams use this tactical relationship with the desire to recover the ball as quickly as possible. Material and Methods: In order to analyze the …

The Impact Of Local Public Policies On Sports Performance. Oradea – An Example Of Success, Sorin Buhaş, Raluca Buhaş, Vasile Grama, Grigore Vasile Herman, Paul Dragoș

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

European, national and local public policies have a crucial role when it comes to social and economic development. Based on European and national frameworks, local public administration develops and implements local public policies based on the community needs in order to reach a high level of local development. Among other sectors, sport plays a major role in the local development. Our paper aims to outline the role of local public authorities from Oradea, Romania, in supporting high-performance sport at a local level through local public policies. In Oradea a high-performance sport is represented by the Municipal Sports Club; therefore, our …

الأنشطة الطلابية بجامعة الخليل في ضوء آراء طلبة كلية التربية, كمال مخامره

Palestine Technical University Research Journal

هدفت هذه الدراسة التعرف إلى واقع ممارسة طلبة كلية التربية بجامعة الخليل للأنشــطة الطلابــية ومعوقاتها من وجهة نظرهم، وبيان مدى اختلاف درجة ممارسة هذه الأنشطة ودرجة معوقات ممارستها باختلاف متغيرات الدراسة: الجنس، والمستوى الدراسي. تم اختيار عينة عشوائية طبقية بلغت (123) طالباً وطالبة بنسبة 9% من طلبة كلية التربية بجامعة الخليل في الفصل الدراسي الثاني 2013 / 2014. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن درجة ممارسة الأنشطة الطلابية جاءت بدرجة متوسطة وبمتوسط حسابي ( للدرجة الكلية) مقداره (2.96) وكذلك درجة معوقات ممارسة الأنشطة الطلابية جاءت بدرجة متوسطة وبمتوسط حسابي ( للدرجة الكلية) مقداره (3.03) وفق مقياس (ليكرت الخماسي)، كما أظهرت النتائج عدم …

The Point Spread As A Reference Point: Evidence From The National Basketball Association, George Diemer, Michael Leeds

Journal of Applied Sport Management

A contentious literature surrounds the claim that heavy favorites’ failure to cover the point-spread in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) basketball could indicate point-shaving. This paper extends the literature by using a new methodology to show that favorites in the National Basketball Association (NBA) also frequently fail to cover the spread. However, the high salaries in the NBA make point-shaving by players unlikely. Moreover, heavy underdogs also fail to cover the point spread and lose by more than expected. These seemingly anomalous findings are consistent with underdogs’ using the point-spread as a reference point.

In Remembrance Of Dr. Samantha Rachel Gorse Roberts, Clayton B. Bolton

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Dr. Samantha Roberts, a professor at Texas A&M University-Commerce, was a significant member of the association’s leadership team. Dr. Roberts had a strong passion for student development and mentorship and was heavily involved with the undergraduate and graduate case study competitions. Dr. Clay Bolton provides a touching tribute to our dear colleague and friend.

The Advancement Of Asma: Highlights From The 2022 Annual Conference, Marshall Magnusen

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The Applied Sport Management Association (ASMA) is a scholarly organization that aims to builds research partnerships between faculty and students as well as strong connections between scholars and students studying sport and practitioners working in the sport industry. Each year, ASMA hosts a national (international) conference.

Since 2005, ASMA has progressed to become the preeminent outlet for students and faculty to present research in a collegial and professional environment as well as build strong connects with sport industry practitioners. As evidence of the continued growth of ASMA, several noticeable events took place at the 2022 annual conference. A brief summary …

Adding Value To The Applied Sport Management Association, Mike Martinez

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Dr. Martinez is the inaugural recipient of the Distinguished Service Award for the Applied Sport Management Association (ASMA). He offers his thoughts on adding value to ASMA to advance the association and sport management.

Bringing Students With Low Agreeableness To Attend Collegiate Sports: A Moderated Mediation Model With Team Identification And Student Involvement, Chanwook Do, Jun-Phil Uhm, Heetae Cho, Hyun-Woo Lee

Journal of Applied Sport Management

In a college athletics setting, we investigated a moderated mediation model of the effect of team identification on attendance intention where student involvement was the mediator and agreeableness was the moderator. Results showed that student involvement mediated the relationship between team identification and attendance intention, and agreeableness moderated the effect of student involvement on attendance intention. In particular, the interaction effect by agreeableness indicated how less agreeable students would be more willing to attend games when they are more involved in campus activities. Details of this study, including theoretical and practical implications, research limitations, and future directions, are discussed.

Relationship Between A Reflective-Formative Model Of Team Brand Associations And Behavioral Intentions: The Mediating Effect Of Fan Identification, Ho Yeol Yu, Neal Ternes, Claudia B. Ambs, Sanghoon Kim

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Understanding fans’ perceived associations with their favorite teams is crucial for the successful management of sport teams. In the current study, team brand associations are measured as a reflective-formative construct to examine the role of the fan identification on the relationship between team brand associations and behavioral intentions. Data from professional soccer spectators (n = 101) were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The results indicated that the reflective-formative construct of team brand associations and fan identification influence behavioral intention, whilst fan identification was found to mediate the relationship between team brand associations and behavioral intentions. Managerial implications include strategic marketing how …

Determinants Of Competitive Advantage For Sport Firms: Using Public Big Data In Korea, Iksu Jun, Hojun Sung, Juho Park, Hyun-Woo Lee

Journal of Applied Sport Management

This study examines the determinants of competitive advantage with respect to economic performance of sport firms. Logit regressions estimated dependent variables of economic performance measures based on sales per capita of firms. Determinants of competitive advantage were estimated by efficiency indicators, organization characteristic indicators, and industry classification indicators. Increase in efficiency was a significant determinant of competitive advantage as well as organizational type, size of human resource, diversification of products, and sales growth rate. Operationalizing competitive advantage as outperforming the market average and better than the top 10%, the logit regression model provides means for sport firms to analyze industry …

Nationalistic Media Obsession With Olympic Medal Counts: The Case Of The 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games, Steve Dittmore, Kibaek Kim

Health, Human Performance and Recreation Faculty Publications and Presentations

Because Olympic medals are awarded to athletes representing an individual National Olympic Committee, it is natural for the media, and even the International Olympic Committee, to create a table indicating which nation has experienced the most athletic success. Problems, and even disagreements, arise when nations utilize different methods to count medals. The 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games, contested in 2021, provided a unique opportunity to observe how media organizations create a narrative around medal tables. American media outlets preferred to consistently show the United States at the top of the medal standings even though China had more gold medals for much …