Digital Commons Network^™

Understanding Vulnerable Populations, Dakota Caldwell

CPAR Presents: A Data and Research Series for Community Impact

Human mobility, in its different manifestations — international and domestic migration; refugees, asylum seekers, and displaced populations; and human trafficking — is at the center of many political and public debates. In two research presentations by UNO faculty, the demographics of highly mobile populations will be explored as well as the impacts of mobility on communities in Nebraska.

Perceived Benefits Matter The Most In Covid-19 Preventive Behaviors: Empirical Evidence From Okara District, Pakistan, Gulzar H. Shah, Ansar Ali Faraz, Hina Khan, Kristie Cason Waterfield

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected the social determinants of health, worsening health inequities and deteriorating healthcare capacities around the globe. The objective of this study is to investigate the COVID-19 prevention behaviors within the framework of the Health Belief Model in the city of Depalpur in the Okara District of Pakistan in May 2020. Using an observational, cross-sectional, and quantitative study design, a faceto- face field survey was conducted during the epidemic of COVID-19 in district Okara, Pakistan. A sample of 500 adults was selected from the city of Depalpur the in Okara …

Understanding The Stigma And Feasibility Of Opening A Safe Injection Facility In Baltimore City: A Qualitative Case Study, Timothy Dupree, Caroline I. Wood, Andrea M. Brace

The Qualitative Report

Supervised injection facilities (SIFs) are medically supervised facilities designed to provide a hygienic environment in which drug users can consume illicit drugs intravenously. SIFs can be cost saving, help to reduce transmission of disease, and decrease drug overdoses. There are no SIFs in the United States. In this study we used a multiple case study design to understand the stigma surrounding the use of a SIF and the feasibility of implementing the drug prevention strategy in Baltimore City by comparing experiences with opening a SIF in Sydney, Australia. We interviewed one healthcare worker at the Sydney SIF and ten community …

The Societal Impacts Of Covid-19 On Asian Americans: Mitigating Mental Health Disparities Stemming From Labels Like The “China Virus”, Elisabeth Dubois, Xiaojun (Jenny) Yuan

Addressing Differential Impacts of COVID-19 in New York State: A Symposium

The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affects socially vulnerable populations, including Asian Americans whereupon a host of disparities have worsened their mental health amid the crisis. In this, disparities arise given that Asian Americans disproportionately hold high-contact essential jobs that place them at greater health risk, Asian-owned businesses are overrepresented in sectors that have been hardest hit by COVID-19, and anti-Asian xenophobia and racism have been exacerbated. This paper seeks to investigate the theory of interactionism as it relates to the nature of the disparities faced by Asian Americans. The COVID-19 pandemic has signified the othering of sub-sections of the population, where …

Lessons From The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Role Of Socioeconomic Status In Health Outcomes, Leila Karout

Anthós

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought upon the world many challenges, both for the health and safety of citizens and in the public health system. Along with these challenges, pre-existing inequalities have been exacerbated. Vulnerable populations have struggled during these times not only due to their increased likelihood of pre-existing health conditions, but in finding access to quality care and treatment. Thus, it is important to discuss and examine the outcomes of this pandemic for those most at risk as this is telling to the current state of our healthcare system and what changes should be made. COVID-19 has again revealed …

Social Distancing In The Context Of Covid-19 Anxiety: A Social Cognitive Approach, Allyson S. Graf, Abigail Nehrkorn-Bailey, Amy Knepple Carney

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

As the impact of COVID-19 continues, engagement in social distancing is essential. Using Social Cognitive Theory, the current study examined the unique roles of COVID-19 anxiety and self-efficacy on the relationships between information-seeking and risk perception as predictors of social distancing intention. A convenience sample of 960 adults (M = 37.81 years, SD = 11.65) completed an author-designed online survey. Participants completed measures on behavioral intention, information-seeking, risk perception, COVID-19 anxiety, and self-efficacy. Moderated mediations examined the theoretically proposed relationships among the variables. COVID-19 anxiety moderated the relationship between risk perception and self-efficacy, but not the association between information-seeking …

Evidence On Child Nutrition Recommendations And Challenges In Crisis Settings: A Scoping Review, Aniqa Islam Marshall, Gideon Lasco, Mathudara Phaiyarom, Nattanicha Pangkariya, Phetdavanh Leuangvilay, Pigunkaew Sinam, Rapeepong Suphanchaimat, Sataporn Julchoo, Watinee Kunpeuk, Yunting Zhang

Development Studies Faculty Publications

Adequate child nutrition is critical to child development, yet child malnutrition is prevalent in crisis settings. However, the intersection of malnutrition and disasters is sparse. This study reviews existing evidence on nutrition responses and outcomes for infants and young children during times of crisis. The scoping review was conducted via two approaches: a systematic search and a purposive search. For the systematic search, two key online databases, PubMed and Science Direct, were utilized. In total, data from 32 studies were extracted and included in the data extraction form. Additionally, seven guidelines and policy documents were included, based on relevance to …

Construction Of China’S Strategic Science And Technology Forces From Research And Development Of Covid-19 Vaccine, Xinmin Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Strengthening strategic science and technology forces is the key to achieve scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement. China's COVID-19 vaccine research and development has achieved a stage success and such success has inseparable relationship with the national strategic science and technology forces. This paper starts from the current situation of COVID-19 vaccine R&D in China and in the world, further considers and explores the mission positioning, top-level design, and strengthening methods of China's strategic science and technology forces, and proposes corresponding policy suggestions on strengthening China's strategic science and technology force, through analyzing the successful experience of China's COVID-19 vaccine …

A Feverish Spring: A Comparative Analysis Of Covid-19 News Framing In Sweden, The Uk, And Egypt, Hend Abdelgaber Ahmed El-Behary

Theses and Dissertations

Based on framing and the social responsibility theoretical frameworks, this comparative study analyzes the dominance of frames in the media coverage of the COVID-19 global pandemic across three countries that have adopted different preventative measures: Sweden (herd immunity) the United Kingdom (full lockdown) and Egypt (partial lockdown ‘curfew’). While several studies have investigated the media’s role during COVID-19, few have analyzed the frames used by the media. The analyses that were made here, for the most part, is on individual countries. The current study bridges a gap by using a comparative approach to interpret the frames discovered in news articles …

Covid-19 And Nursing: A Scientometric Mapping Of Global Literature During 2020-2021, Surulinathi Muthuraj, Jayasuriya T., Srinivasaragavan S., Rosaline Mary A.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The main aim of this paper is to analyze the global Covid-19 and Nursing literature to discover underlying trends and developments at the global, national, institutional, and individual level using Scientometric indicators. The publications and citations data for the study were sourced from the Web of Science database published during 2020–2021. The most productive and leading countries are: USA with 621 (43.4%) share far by China with 136(9.5%), UK with 108 (7.5%) share and Australia with 101(7.1%) share and other countries are published less than 5% of publications. India possessed 14^th rank with 15 (1.0%) publications share. International collaboration …

The Impact Of Contact Tracing On The Spread Of Covid-19: An Egocentric Agent-Based Model, Andrew Pilny, Lin Xiang, Corey Huber, Will Silberman, Sean Goatley-Soan

Communication Faculty Publications

At its core, contact tracing is a form of egocentric network analysis (ENA). One of the biggest obstacles for ENA is informant accuracy (i.e., amount of true contacts identified), which is even more prominent for interaction-based network ties because they often represent episodic relational events, rather than enduring relational states. This research examines the effect of informant accuracy on the spread of COVID-19 through an egocentric, agent-based model. Overall when the average person transmits COVID-19 to 1.62 other people (i.e., the R₀), they must be, on average, 75% accurate with naming their contacts. In higher transmission contexts (i.e., …

Data Sharing In Southeast Asia During The First Wave Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Bernardo Gutierrez, Thomas Rawson

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background: When a new pathogen emerges, consistent case reporting is critical for public health surveillance. Tracking cases geographically and over time is key for understanding the spread of an infectious disease and effectively designing interventions to contain and mitigate an epidemic. In this paper we describe the reporting systems on COVID-19 in Southeast Asia during the first wave in 2020, and highlight the impact of specific reporting methods.

Methods: We reviewed key epidemiological variables from various sources including a regionally comprehensive dataset, national trackers, dashboards, and case bulletins for 11 countries during the first wave of the epidemic in Southeast …

Evaluation Of Sex Education Curriculum And Policy Related To The Needs Of Lgbtq+ Latinx Youth, Olivia Nayler

University Honors Theses

Sex education is contentious and inconsistent in the United States but it is extremely necessary to address the health needs of young people and the adults they become. This study aims to evaluate how well comprehensive sex education curricula attend to the needs of high school age LGBTQ+ Latinx students. The curricula Our Whole Lives (OWL) and FLASH were chosen for the study as established sex education curricula based on their assertions of being factual and comprehensive, and for their adaptability in different settings and locations. A content analysis was performed on both curricula. In addition, an analysis of OAR …

Plotting The Literature On Precautionary Measures Of Covid-19: A Scientometric Analysis Of Web Of Science, Muhammad Shoaib, Nusrat Ali, Abeel Naseer

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study attempted to evaluate the scholarly publications on COVID-19, social distance, physical distance, social isolation, and self-isolation employing the scientometric analysis technique from 2020 to 2021. The main purpose was to consolidate the published scholarship on the COVID-19 in the Web of Science indexed documents. A total of 635 publications were found. The results indicated that social distance and COVID-19 was the top topic along with the article as a type of document, and the majority were published in the English language in 2021. The name of Gimenez-Llort L was at top of the list of authors, along with …

Research Visualization Of Different Treatment Modalities To Treat Covid-19 Infection: Bibliometric Analysis Of Pubmed Database, Abeel Naseer, Muhammad Shoaib, Nusrat Ali, Imtiaz Ahmad

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper designed to examine research published in PubMed indexed journals of different treatment modalities to treat COVID -19 infection employing bibliometric analysis technique from 2020 to 2021. The purpose was to consolidate the published scholarly work in the PubMed database on different treatment modalities including vaccine, oxygen supplementation, dexamethasone or steroids, aspirin, heparin, remdesivir, zinc, vitamin c or ascorbic acid, oxygen, anti-malarial like chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, and azithromycin or macrolides. We employed a bibliometric analysis technique and found a total of 3043 published documents. The study findings depicted that vaccine and COVID-19 top was at the top of the …

Professional Variables And Staff Readiness To Utilise Internet-Based Channels For Research Communication In An Era Of Covid-19, Valentine Joseph Owan, Levi Udochukwu Akah Phd., Mary Mark Ogbeche, Moses Eteng Obla

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study assessed the professional variables of academic staff in African varsities and their readiness to Utilise Internet-Based Channels for Research Communication in an era of Covid-19. Drawing from Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, the study was guided by four null hypotheses. The quantitative research method based on the virtual cross-sectional survey design was adopted. A total of 8,591 academics in African universities were the targeted demographic of this study. However, data were collected from a virtual snowball sample of 1,977 respondents (males, N = 1347; females, N = 630) from 24 African countries. A validated electronic survey, with three …

(Post-) Pandemic Tourism Resiliency: Southeast Asian Lives And Livelihoods In Limbo, Kathleen M. Adams, Jaeyeon Choe, Mary Mostafanezhad, Giang Thi Phi

Anthropology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

While tourism scholars have sought to problematize the unevenly distributed impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, we know much less about how resilience is cultivated among tourism practitioners and communities whose lives and livelihoods are have been placed in limbo. Drawing on literature at the intersection of critical tourism studies and resilience theory as well as interviews with local tourism practitioners and academics, four historically situated and place-based trends in Southeast Asia that are reshaping tourism in the region are outlined: livelihood diversification, ecosystem regeneration, cultural revitalization, and domestic tourism development. These trends highlight how the political economy of tourism in …

Citation Classics: Highly Cited Papers On Covid-19 Drugs, Vaccines And Medicines, Senthamilselvi .. A ., Surulinathi .. M, Srinivasaragavan S, Jeyasuriya T

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The number of citations of a scientific article is considered as the weight of that work in the field of interest. Bibliometric/Scientometric analysis of the most cited articles conducted in some medical disciplines has identified the most relevant scientific contributions that pushed forward knowledge and practice of that discipline. We conducted a bibliometrics/Scientometric analysis of the most cited articles in Covid-19 Drugs, Vaccines and Medicines, by extracting relevant words that identify and querying the Scopus online database. A rank with the 100, 500 and 1000 above Citations of the most cited articles was obtained, based on the absolute number of …

An Examination Of Covid-19 Health Behaviors And Public Health Messaging Using The Health Belief Model And Organization-Public Relationship Quality, Aaron L. Nichols

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

In the context of the most severe pandemic in over 100 years, this study examined public health behavior and public health messaging using the health belief model (HBM) and organization-public relationships (OPR) as frameworks. The study employed a cross-sectional survey of students (N = 288) and employees (N = 203) at a large public university in the southeastern United States. First, the study empirically tested the components of the HBM as determinants of engaging in public health behaviors meant to slow or prevent the spread of COVID-19 and found all components of the model to be significantly related to engaging …

Antimicrobial Therapy: A Scientometric Mapping Of Indian Publications, Surulinathi Muthuraj, Jayasuriya T, Srinivasaragavan S., Prasanna Kumari N

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The present study examines 1261 Indian publications on "Antimicrobial Therapy" as covered in Web of Science database during 1991-2021, experiencing an Average Citation per document 24.1, Average Citations per year document 3493, 1261 publications from 574 sources and collaborative index is 5.48. The top 10 highly cited papers registered 202 to 5378 citations, and together contributed 8521 citations, leading to the average citation per paper of 852.1. The study analyses the Indian publications output in Antimicrobial Therapy research during 1991-2021 on different parameters including contribution & citation impact of top most productive collaborative countries, India's overall contribution, its growth pattern …

Dating App Use Among Rural Men Who Have Sex With Men And Its Relationship To Hiv Prevention And Risk Behaviors: A Mixed-Methods Analysis, Lauren Bineau, Danielle Lambert, Natalia Truszczynski, Nathan Hansen, Carolyn Lauckner

Center for Health Equity Transformation Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Men who have sex with men (MSM) in rural areas have limited access to HIV prevention and education resources. Given the growing usage of mobile dating apps among the wider MSM population, this research sought to explore their use among MSM in rural areas and their potential for delivering HIV prevention information.

METHODS: Participants were recruited from different areas of the rural Southern USA. This mixed-methods study consisted of an online survey (n=85) and follow-up qualitative phone interviews with 20 survey respondents. The survey assessed dating app use, sexual behaviors, and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness, usage, and attitudes among …

Development Of A Human Health-Centered Climate Resilience/Vulnerability Framework For The Mexico City Region, Alex Stever

Sustainability and Social Justice

With climate change impacting every corner of the globe, the health and well-being of all humans is threatened, especially in heavily populated areas such as the Mexico City Region (MCR). With this threat continuously growing it is important to not only be aware of the problem and its complications but have a framework and process that will allow for rapid and well-rounded analyses of how at risk the residents of certain areas are to the threats of climate change. However, with analyzing the impacts of climate change on any sector, including human health and well-being, three conundrums arise: the socio-ecological …

The Impact Of Climate Change On Virginia's Coastal Areas, Jonathan L. Goodall, Antonio Elias, Elizabeth Andrews, Christopher "Kit" Chope, John Cosgrove, Jason El Koubi, Jennifer Irish, Lewis L. Lawrence Iii, Robert W. Lazaro Jr., William H. Leighty, Mark W. Luckenbach, Elise Miller-Hooks, Ann C. Phillips, Henry Pollard V, Emily Steinhilber, Charles Feigenoff, Jennifer Sayegh

Faculty Publications

As part of HJ47/SJ47 (2020), the Virginia General Assembly directed the Joint Commission on Technology and Science (JCOTS) to study the “safety, quality of life, and economic consequences of weather and climate-related events on coastal areas in Virginia.” In pursuit of this goal, the commission was to “accept any scientific and technical assistance provided by the nonpartisan, volunteer Virginia Academy of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (VASEM). VASEM convened an expert study board with representation from the Office of the Governor, planning district commissions in coastal Virginia, The Port of Virginia, the Virginia Economic Development Partnership, state universities, private industry, and …

Divide And Conquer: A Hygienic, Efficient, And Reliable Assembly-Line For Housekeeping, Xiao Alison Chen, Rowan Wang, Jianghua Zhang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Problem definition: This work focuses on the hotel housekeeping process. In a field study, a possible channel of disease transmission between consecutive guests in hotel rooms is revealed. In order to prevent the transmission, an innovative assembly-line housekeeping method is developed. Academic/practical relevance: The transmission of infectious diseases during hotel stays (e.g., by touching unclean towels or bed linens) has been reported globally. Under the current COVID-19 pandemic, having contact with saliva or mucus left by an infected person could cause infection. The standard housekeeping process used by the majority of hotels leaves a channel for new towels and bed …

Four Positive Lessons Learned During The 2020–2021 Covid-19 Global Pandemic: Implications For Spirituality In Clinical Practice, Thomas G. Plante

Psychology

While the COVID-19 global pandemic has wrecked havoc for over a year in ways that we have not seen in our lifetimes, many important positive lessons have been learned during these tumultuous and what has felt like apocalyptic times. Upon close reflection, four critical and positive lessons were learned by this author that have implications for how we productively move forward in our efforts to provide spiritually and religiously informed psychotherapy services both now and in the future. These important lessons include the benefits of telehealth and “telespirit” services as well as highlighting the advantages of reflection, discernment, and resetting …

Utilization Of Media Managerial Tools And Electronic Library In Adult Literacy Centres As A Strategy For Curbing Covid-19 Pandemic In Enugu State, Nigeria, Justina Ngozi Igwe Ph.D, Uzoamaka Ogwo Ph.D, Chinedu John. Ayolugbe

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study investigated the utilization of media managerial tools and electronic library in adult literacy centres as a strategy for curbing COVID-19 pandemic in Enugu State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study was four hundred and sixty-five (465) adult literacy facilitators in Enugu State while the sample size of 325 facilitators in Enugu State, was adopted as the respondents. The study was guided with three (3) research Questions and (1) hypothesis. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire with 18 items titled “Utilization of media managerial tools and electronic library in …

Exposure Characterization And Assessment Of Airborne Chemicals And Sars-Cov-2 Transmission In New York City Nail Salons, Amelia P. H. Watkins

Dissertations and Theses

Background: Currently, there are 156,000 people employed as manicurists or pedicurists in the United States. Employment in this sector is expected to grow by 10% over the next decade. Exposure assessments have revealed that salon workers are chronically exposed to a variety of substances that cause respiratory sensitization, developmental problems, contact dermatitis, blood, liver, and kidney issues, as well as nervous system impacts. Most recently, the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic has raised the issue of the vulnerability of nail salon workers to airborne infectious diseases as well. This dissertation aims to characterize and assess the chemical exposures that nail salon workers …

Disinhibition And Persistent Maladaptive Behavior, Angela T. West

Student Theses

Objective: There is an urgent need to reduce overpopulation in U.S. prisons, which are inundated with individuals needing substance use treatment. Research on both substance use and antisocial behaviors highlight maladaptive beliefs and behaviors, while also implicating disinhibition as an important factor. Disinhibition is a dynamic trait that can be targeted with therapeutic interventions. The current study explored the relationships between neurocognitive disinhibition, substance use, and recidivism among incarcerated men. The study hypothesized that disinhibition would be associated with history of substance use, history of antisocial behavior, and institutional misconduct, as well as predicting recidivism over and above history of …

Work Attitudes Of Filipino Employees During The Covid-19 Crisis, Jaimee Felice Caringal-Go, Reniel B. Tiu, Mendiola Teng-Calleja

Psychology Department Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study is to explore attitudes of Filipino employees toward work during the COVID-19 crisis. Data was collected through an online survey distributed to workers in the Philippines, and qualitative responses from 106 participants were subjected to thematic analysis. Several themes that reflect favorable and unfavorable attitudes toward job and work tasks, work arrangements, employers, as well as work-life balance, health, and sustainability emerged from the data. These themes were described using the tripartite (or affect-behavior-cognition) model of attitudes. Results of the study emphasize the importance of context in shaping employee attitudes, and suggest different ways organizations …

A Comparison Of Intestinal Parasite Infections And Activity Budgets In Three Free-Ranging Vs. Enclosure-Housed Lemur Species (Lemur Catta, Varecia Rubra, And Eulemur Mongoz), Angela M. Achorn, Jeffrey Winking

Anthropology Faculty Publications

This study examines how range size affects intestinal parasite infections, and how such infections affect activity budgets in captive lemurs. There were no differences in parasite richness or intensity attributable to habitat type. However, there was a strong suggestion that parasite loads reduce activity levels.